A OPEN PIT MINING AÇIK OCAK MADENCİLİĞİ

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A. Wood 5 APPLICATIONS Electric drive wheel loaders have slightly lower breakout forces than hydraulic excavators, and they do not have an option to act as a back hoe. Electric drive wheel loaders are used around the world as primary loading tools in high production mines, covering iron, copper and gold ore, as well as in hard overburden and coal removal applications. The flexibility that a wheel loader offers, makes them ideal for selective mining and blending operations. 6 CONCLUSIONS Electric drive wheel loaders make use of technology to provide more economic and reliable production. Capital costs should be considered against the operational costs, specifically fuel consumption, and the productivity potentials for the equipment. An electric drive wheel loader, 5m³ larger than a hydraulic excavator can provide the same production as that hydraulic excavator, at a lower cost, and provide a fully flexible primary loading tool. REFERENCES Anon. 2011, personal communication, LeTourneau Wheel Loader Operator Trainer. Anon. 2012, Website Reference Machine Data sheets, mining.cat.com, www.komatsu.com. Binns, D, personal communication, Regional Director, Joy Global Cummins, 2008, Media release, Cummins Fuel- Efficient QSK Engines Optimized, www.cummins.com Fleet, M, 2012, personal communication, LeTourneau Regional Manager. Klink, D, 2012, personal communication, Joy Global Regional Service Manager. Ozdogan, M, 2012 personal communication, Ideal Machinery and Consultancy Ltd, Ankara, Turkey 8
23 rd Gold-Mining and Ornamental Stones Quarrying in The Wadi Hammamat, Ancient Egypt: Geological Framework and Techniques M. Coli & M. Baldi Dip. Scienze della Terra, UNIFI - Italy ABSTRACT In this paper we outline the cultural and technical context and the geological framework of the outstanding gold mining and prized ornamental stone quarrying activities which were carried out in the Wadi Hammamat (‘Valley of the Baths’) in Ancient Egypt. Quarrying and mining remains preserve traces of man’s activity and of technical skill, therefore they represent “landscape archives” and valuable cultural heritage sites where the traces of work, technology, organization and social life can be studied in order to hand them down to posterity and open a window on an ancient world, almost unknown to most. The results of our survey confirm the correctness of ancient geological knowledge as shown in the famous Turin Mine Papyrus, and in general highlight a good knowledge of the territory, such as the role played by the geological setting in providing materials and driving the extraction techniques, both in the Pharaonic and Roman periods. 1 INTRODUCTION From ancient times until today the use of natural stone and mine resources has been a main element for human activity. Historical extraction sites have been lately described as “landscape archives”: sites or areas where the traces of work, technology, organization and social life are preserved and where they can be studied in order to hand them down to posterity and open a window on an ancient world, almost unknown to most. In the last decades there was a renewed interest for ancient quarry and mine exploitation in the scientific community, public administrations and in the area of the cultural tourism. Several cultural activities have grown based on a rediscovery and reappraisal of ancient quarries and mines, such as the creation of eco-museums and other didactic activities at various levels. The study of the historical quarrying and mining sites highlights the diffusion of a shared basic knowledge among ancient civilizations and the fact that technologies were strictly linked to the social and cultural aspects of each population. At the same time these recent studies outline both a good knowledge of the territory and of its geological setting which was used at the best in developing the right exploitation techniques. That was particularly true in Ancient Egypt (Arnold, 1991; Aufrère, 1991). The Wadi Hammamat represents a “landscape archive” where it is possible to study the ancient quarrying and mining processes and the social and geological knowledge context in which these processes where developed. Previous studies (Ortolani, 1989; Arnold, 1991; Klemm & Klemm, 1993/2008; Meyer, 9
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analisys degradation and erosion ri
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3 METHOLOGICAL APPROACH AND EQUIPME
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Figure 3. The UAV multirotor platfo
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Table 2. Final results of data proc
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23 rd Ultimate Pit Limit Design on
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23 rd Figure 1 shows the procedure
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23 rd Figure 4. UPL of the sample
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23 rd Efficient Real Time Stabilit
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23 rd stripping ratio of 2.28:1 to
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23 rd The broad area coverage make
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23 rd 4 FINAL REMARKS Slope monito
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23 rd A Genetic Algorithm for Pit
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23 rd every ore block and searches
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23 rd BS. The mathematical model o
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23 rd producing the new vector x i
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. 23 rd Figure 6. Ultimate pit lim
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23 rd Selecting the Suitable Haula
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23 rd Environment Economy Society
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23 rd shape and depth of deposit,
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23 rd 6 THE HIERARCHICAL PREFERENC
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23 rd ranking place Truck & Shovel
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23 rd Noguchi H., Ogawa M., Ishii
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23 rd An Approach to Determine the
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23 rd material to the nearby dumps
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23 rd network and allocating spoke
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23 rd IPC unit, but this is not wi
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23 rd REFERENCES Alumur, S. A., &
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23 rd In - Pit Crushing and Convey
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23 rd According to Lopes, the bigg
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23 rd Identification of Causal Rel
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23 rd Table 1. Geotechnical charac
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23 rd 3.7 Results and Discussion T
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23 rd Using Satellite Images (ASTE
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23 rd largely covered by Quaternar
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23 rd this figure, the lithology u
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23 rd Figure 6. ASTER satellite im
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23 rd mineralization in the sanand
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23 rd Gas Pollutants and Dust of T
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23 rd Figure 2. Truck transport th
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23 rd Table 4. Determined values o
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23 rd 4 DISCUSSION The results of
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23 rd Surface Mining Statistics in
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23 rd Dinogetia (Garvan). The chal
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23 rd Table 1. The surface mining
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23 rd pits along the Crisu Negru,
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23 rd Voda, Nisipari, Rasova, Sili
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23 rd 5.2 Magmatic rocks exploitat
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23 rd mountains) and north Dobroge
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23 rd Ponor quarry), sulphur (Nego
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A OPEN PIT MINING AÇIK OCAK MADENCİLİĞİ

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