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transportation costs by truck. COALTRANS ASIA, 9, pp. 12. Minérios e Minerales (2011), Transportador descendente gera energia para o complexo industrial. Minérios e minerales, São Paulo, http://www.revistaminerios.com.br/Publicacoes/3 471/transportadordescendentegeraenergiaparaoco mplexoindustrial.aspx, ( Accession date: 09.07. 2012). Vale (2012), Projeto Ferro Carajás S11D: Um novo impulso ao desenvolvimento sustentável no Brasil, São Paulo, 25 p. 170
23 rd Identification of Causal Relations of an Edge’s Sliding of an Open Pit Mine H. Hamdane Department of Mining Engineering, Larbi Tebessi University, Tébessa, Algeria M. Mellas, Department of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, University of Biskra, Algeria ABSTRACT The slope movements represent a large diversified family; these movements correspond to a major constraint for the mining works. The starting factors of the mechanical processes in the beginning of instabilities must obviously be studied with precision. Indeed they are represented in the upstream charts of events with sometimes dramatic consequences. The objective of this paper is the identification of causal relations who allows judicious and early interventions from the point of view of risk management. The case of the landslide of Kef Essenoun, Who occurred in the phosphate’s open pit mine of Djebel Onk (Algeria), presents the typical example of the negligence of geotechnical studies which could prevent these risks. With this intention, traditional and numerical methods will be applied for the determination of the probable causes of the landslide. 1 INTRODUCTION The right design of open pit slope is an important factor to insure the mine stability. The planning of an open pit is a matter of determining the most economic pit limit and the most economical mining program for a given mineralization (Steffen & al., 1970). However, the stability aspects must have the same importance that the economic aspects. In many cases, it may be worthwhile to conduct an optimization study (Coates, 1981), what was not made in the case of the phosphate mine of Djebel Onk (sector: Kef Essenoun); where the geotechnical aspect did not take his true place at the time of the opening of the mine; what led later to a landslide. The study of the releases factors of this slip it is proven valuable for the comprehension of this phenomenon and the prevention of this kind of catastrophe in the future. 2 GEOLOGY OF THE SITE The phosphate deposit of Kef Essenoun is located on the southern side of the Cretaceous anticline of Djebel Onk “Bir El Ater, Tébessa, Algeria” (Figure 1). Figure 1. Simplified geological map of Djebel Onk 171
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