A OPEN PIT MINING AÇIK OCAK MADENCİLİĞİ
A OPEN PIT MINING AÇIK OCAK MADENCİLİĞİ A OPEN PIT MINING AÇIK OCAK MADENCİLİĞİ
model. Equation 5 defines the slope requirements and equation 6, makes sure that the profit of the pit is more than the minimum required. Max ORE b T (4) Subject to: i j ij ij Figure 2. A sample 2D block model with a vertical deposit Figure 3. Economic block model of sample given in figure 1 3b b b b 0 (5) ij i 1, j 1 i 1, j i 1, j 1 bij BEV ij PL (6) i j Where bij is the block located at row i and column j, T ij is the amount of ore in block b ij . BEV ij is the block value of and P L is the minimum required profit. By changing the amount of P L , it is possible to determine a pit limit that provides the maximum amount of ore with the given amount of profit. One must first determine the UPL of the mine with the objective of profit maximization (This pit is called UPL1). Then setting P L equal to zero, one could define a pit with the maximum ore content and a profit of approximately zero. Then the amount of P L is set equal to profit of the UPL with the highest profit (This pit is called UPLn). Solving the model, one could determine the pits with highest profit and with the highest amount of ore content and a profit of approximately zero (figure 4). Afterward, by increasing the amount of P L in 5% steps (5% of the maximum profit), it is possible to determine a set of intermediate pits. The description of the intermediate pits such as mine life and ore content of each pit is depicted in figure 5. Applying the model in equations 4-6, one could reach for 9 distinct UPL. UPL1 is the one with highest profit, and UPLn or UPL9 is the one with the highest amount of ore content and a profit of approximately zero. 108
23 rd Figure 4. UPL of the sample block model in Figure 1 amount of Economic, Social, Environmental, and total scores for each pit. Figure 5. Description of intermediate pits Table 2 provides the amount of indicators for each pit. using equation 1 and 2 one could calculate the amount of indicators for each case. Then, the decision maker must provide the weight of importance of each indicator. This is a case dependent process and it also depend on the decision makers priorities. Using equation 3, one could determine the final score of the pits. Figure 6 shows the Figure 6. Final score of the pits Considering the final scores, it is obvious that UPL5 is the one with highest score, therefore UPL5 is selected as the final pit (figure 7). UPL5 is between the pit with the highest profit and the pit with the highest ore content. Table 2. Amount of indicators for each pit pit UPL1 UPL2 UPL3 UPL4 UPL5 UPL6 UPL7 UPL8 UPL9 1 Reclamation cost 1 0.73 0.55 0.50 0.36 0.32 0.18 0.14 0.00 2 Land use 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 3 Stripping ratio (w/o) 1 0.78 0.44 0.44 0.41 0.25 0.21 0.05 0.00 4 Specific energy used 1 0.25 0.49 0.33 0.18 0.20 0.20 0.02 0.00 5 Mine life (year) 0 0.16 0.33 0.42 0.53 0.63 0.75 0.87 1.00 6 Safety 1 0.67 0.50 0.50 0.33 0.33 0.17 0.17 0.00 7 Resource efficiency 0 0.20 0.33 0.47 0.60 0.67 0.80 0.87 1.00 8 Ore content 0 0.20 0.33 0.47 0.60 0.67 0.80 0.87 1.00 9 Profit 1 0.932 0.887 0.858 0.756 0.577 0.397 0.134 0 10 ore unit value 1 0.697 0.567 0.479 0.374 0.271 0.168 0.055 0 109
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- Page 135 and 136: 23 rd 6 THE HIERARCHICAL PREFERENC
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- Page 149 and 150: 23 rd REFERENCES Alumur, S. A., &
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Figure 4. UPL of the sample block model in Figure 1<br />
amount of Economic, Social, Environmental,<br />
and total scores for each pit.<br />
Figure 5. Description of intermediate pits<br />
Table 2 provides the amount of indicators<br />
for each pit. using equation 1 and 2 one<br />
could calculate the amount of indicators for<br />
each case.<br />
Then, the decision maker must provide the<br />
weight of importance of each indicator. This<br />
is a case dependent process and it also<br />
depend on the decision makers priorities.<br />
Using equation 3, one could determine the<br />
final score of the pits. Figure 6 shows the<br />
Figure 6. Final score of the pits<br />
Considering the final scores, it is obvious<br />
that UPL5 is the one with highest score,<br />
therefore UPL5 is selected as the final pit<br />
(figure 7). UPL5 is between the pit with the<br />
highest profit and the pit with the highest ore<br />
content.<br />
Table 2. Amount of indicators for each pit<br />
pit<br />
UPL1 UPL2 UPL3 UPL4 UPL5 UPL6 UPL7 UPL8 UPL9<br />
1 Reclamation cost 1 0.73 0.55 0.50 0.36 0.32 0.18 0.14 0.00<br />
2 Land use 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00<br />
3 Stripping ratio (w/o) 1 0.78 0.44 0.44 0.41 0.25 0.21 0.05 0.00<br />
4 Specific energy used 1 0.25 0.49 0.33 0.18 0.20 0.20 0.02 0.00<br />
5 Mine life (year) 0 0.16 0.33 0.42 0.53 0.63 0.75 0.87 1.00<br />
6 Safety 1 0.67 0.50 0.50 0.33 0.33 0.17 0.17 0.00<br />
7 Resource efficiency 0 0.20 0.33 0.47 0.60 0.67 0.80 0.87 1.00<br />
8 Ore content 0 0.20 0.33 0.47 0.60 0.67 0.80 0.87 1.00<br />
9 Profit 1 0.932 0.887 0.858 0.756 0.577 0.397 0.134 0<br />
10 ore unit value 1 0.697 0.567 0.479 0.374 0.271 0.168 0.055 0<br />
109