The Partnership's Plan - Lake District National Park
The Partnership's Plan - Lake District National Park The Partnership's Plan - Lake District National Park
• English Heritage’s Scheduled Monuments at Risk Survey, assisted by the National Park Authority, has identified 65 Lake District Scheduled Monuments at High Risk, the highest number in the North West Region. Thirty-seven are at Medium Risk and 170 at Low Risk. • Conservation issues include: o Damage to archaeological sites through bracken and scrub growth and other natural agencies such as animal burrowing o Inappropriate agricultural management o The results of extreme weather events, including flooding and storms leading to erosion o Lack of archaeological information for some areas (only 20 per cent of the National Park has been surveyed) o Development proposals o Deterioration of industrial remains through lack of maintenance o Deterioration of walls and agricultural buildings through lack of investment. • Issues affecting local cultural heritage and traditions include: o Loss of knowledge and continuity of practice through reduction in local farming communities and commons management o Loss of local traditional skills o Need to record information from older generations (oral history for example) o Recognition of lesser-known or appreciated aspects of cultural heritage such as local tradition of wooden boats. • Many archaeological conservation problems are avoided through the early provision of advice and information. This includes pre-application advice through the development control process and the provision of information through outreach projects such as the recently completed Access to Archaeology and Ring Cairns to Reservoirs projects. These often rely on Heritage Lottery funding for implementation. 3.16.2 Recent activities and successes The management of change in the built environment is primarily dealt with through the National Park Authority’s Development Management Service. The Authority handles approximately 1,200 planning applications and 150 planning consultations (usually for agricultural developments) in a typical year. The Local Development Framework core strategy sets out policy for the built environment and heritage assets. Other guiding documents are the Historic Landscape Characterisation for Cumbria and Landscape Character Assessment for Cumbria. Key partners take a proactive lead on public realm improvements within the Park. Various funding streams exist (for example the Environmentally Sensitive Area scheme and its replacement the Environmental Stewardship Scheme) which support the conservation of landscape features and buildings. Funding for buildings in towns and settlements is also available through English Heritage and Heritage Lottery Fund support. Nationally, English Heritage maintains a register of scheduled monuments and buildings at risk. In addition the National Park Authority is undertaking a survey of the condition of listed buildings in the National Park, to maintain an active register. It also has a continuing programme which surveys the condition of scheduled monuments and other sites. This is maintained by volunteer support. Conservation Area Appraisals and associated management programmes for those areas are also being prepared. 64
Recent successes include: • Increasing public participation in the discovery and enjoyment of the historic environment of the NP through HLF funded projects Access to Archaeology and Ring cairns to Reservoirs. • Master planning – Bowness, Ambleside and Waterhead. • Enhancement of Public Realm – Keswick Market Square completed in 2006, Derwent Water Foreshore completed in 2009. Crescent Road, Windermere completed in 2008. • Improving the quality of design – North West Development Agency funded programme started in 2008 encouraging a new ‘design intelligence’ in the National Park. Good design can reduce building costs both during constructions and on-going operation. 3.16.3 Opportunities The Lake District is one of the richest cultural landscapes in England, reflected as one of the National Park’s special qualities. The landscape, hand made over centuries by hill farmers, inspired Romantic poets and artists such as Wordsworth, Coleridge and Turner. Battles over its protection led directly to the development of the modern conservation movement and the National Trust. This gives the Lake District an international significance which is being addressed through the current bid for World Heritage Site inscription. The historic environment is fragile and requires management and protection to avoid damage. This must be based on sound information derived from survey and assessment, and the National Park Authority maintains the Lake District Historic Environment Record for this purpose. This also includes the results of the Lake District Historic Landscape Characterisation project. Bracken and scrub growth, animal damage, poor agricultural practice, mitigation of the effects of extreme weather events and conservation of industrial sites can be tackled through agrienvironment grant schemes and the Environmental Land Management Scheme where sites fall within agreement areas. Some issues may require joint action and funding with partners, including English Heritage, the National Trust, United Utilities, Forestry Commission and others. Development that is designed excellently, of the right type and in the right location, will add to the existing high quality natural and built environment. National and regional design policies, such as those in the Regional Development Principles, aim to secure high quality design. We want to establish a reputation for design that inspires people to live and work in the National Park and enjoy it. Often good quality design is not achieved because of high short term costs, which are not considered against the long term economic benefits, gained over an extended lifetime and through improved robustness. Design is about more than how a building or place looks. We aim for development where inspirational design ensures it contributes to local identity and incorporates sustainable development principles. Our built environment is a central part of our cultural heritage, cultural landscape and sense of identity. The availability of local materials has been fundamental in creating the local vernacular. Whilst we are not suggesting that everything has to be built in stone, we are keen to maintain and strengthen these distinctive characteristics, and this relies on a reliable source of local material. We are therefore not basing our starting point for future mineral extraction purely on economics. 65
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Recent successes include:<br />
• Increasing public participation in the discovery and enjoyment of the historic environment<br />
of the NP through HLF funded projects Access to Archaeology and Ring cairns to<br />
Reservoirs.<br />
• Master planning – Bowness, Ambleside and Waterhead.<br />
• Enhancement of Public Realm – Keswick Market Square completed in 2006, Derwent<br />
Water Foreshore completed in 2009. Crescent Road, Windermere completed in 2008.<br />
• Improving the quality of design – North West Development Agency funded programme<br />
started in 2008 encouraging a new ‘design intelligence’ in the <strong>National</strong> <strong>Park</strong>. Good design<br />
can reduce building costs both during constructions and on-going operation.<br />
3.16.3 Opportunities<br />
<strong>The</strong> <strong>Lake</strong> <strong>District</strong> is one of the richest cultural landscapes in England, reflected as one of the<br />
<strong>National</strong> <strong>Park</strong>’s special qualities. <strong>The</strong> landscape, hand made over centuries by hill farmers,<br />
inspired Romantic poets and artists such as Wordsworth, Coleridge and Turner. Battles over<br />
its protection led directly to the development of the modern conservation movement and the<br />
<strong>National</strong> Trust. This gives the <strong>Lake</strong> <strong>District</strong> an international significance which is being<br />
addressed through the current bid for World Heritage Site inscription.<br />
<strong>The</strong> historic environment is fragile and requires management and protection to avoid damage.<br />
This must be based on sound information derived from survey and assessment, and the<br />
<strong>National</strong> <strong>Park</strong> Authority maintains the <strong>Lake</strong> <strong>District</strong> Historic Environment Record for this<br />
purpose. This also includes the results of the <strong>Lake</strong> <strong>District</strong> Historic Landscape<br />
Characterisation project.<br />
Bracken and scrub growth, animal damage, poor agricultural practice, mitigation of the effects<br />
of extreme weather events and conservation of industrial sites can be tackled through agrienvironment<br />
grant schemes and the Environmental Land Management Scheme where sites<br />
fall within agreement areas. Some issues may require joint action and funding with partners,<br />
including English Heritage, the <strong>National</strong> Trust, United Utilities, Forestry Commission and<br />
others.<br />
Development that is designed excellently, of the right type and in the right location, will add to<br />
the existing high quality natural and built environment. <strong>National</strong> and regional design policies,<br />
such as those in the Regional Development Principles, aim to secure high quality design. We<br />
want to establish a reputation for design that inspires people to live and work in the <strong>National</strong><br />
<strong>Park</strong> and enjoy it.<br />
Often good quality design is not achieved because of high short term costs, which are not<br />
considered against the long term economic benefits, gained over an extended lifetime and<br />
through improved robustness. Design is about more than how a building or place looks. We<br />
aim for development where inspirational design ensures it contributes to local identity and<br />
incorporates sustainable development principles.<br />
Our built environment is a central part of our cultural heritage, cultural landscape and sense of<br />
identity. <strong>The</strong> availability of local materials has been fundamental in creating the local<br />
vernacular. Whilst we are not suggesting that everything has to be built in stone, we are keen<br />
to maintain and strengthen these distinctive characteristics, and this relies on a reliable source<br />
of local material. We are therefore not basing our starting point for future mineral extraction<br />
purely on economics.<br />
65