Giant Molecules from Smaller Building Blocks Cells link monomers ...
Giant Molecules from Smaller Building Blocks Cells link monomers ...
Giant Molecules from Smaller Building Blocks Cells link monomers ...
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Cellulose<br />
Cellulose is the most abundant organic compound on Earth.<br />
Cellulose is also a polymer of glucose units, but<br />
the glucose <strong>monomers</strong> are <strong>link</strong>ed together in different<br />
orientation.<br />
a Glucose<br />
a and b glucose ring structures<br />
b Glucose<br />
Cell walls<br />
Cellulose microfibrils<br />
in a plant cell wall<br />
Microfibril<br />
Starch: 1–4 <strong>link</strong>age of a glucose <strong>monomers</strong>.<br />
Cellulose: 1–4 <strong>link</strong>age of b glucose <strong>monomers</strong>.<br />
b Glucose<br />
monomer<br />
Cellulose<br />
molecules<br />
•Enzymes that digest starch by hydrolyzing alpha <strong>link</strong>ages can’t<br />
hydrolyze beta <strong>link</strong>ages in cellulose<br />
Carbohydrates are hydrophilic (hydro=water; philic=loving) biological molecules.<br />
In contrast to carbohydrates and other biological molecules,lipids do not mix with water.<br />
Lipids are hydrophobic (hydro = water) (phobic=fearing)<br />
Lipids<br />
Examples of lipids are:<br />
Fats<br />
Dietary fats consist of the molecule triglyceride.<br />
The triglyceride is made of a molecule of glycerol joined with<br />
3 molecules of fatty acids.<br />
Like the hydrocarbons in gasoline, the long hydrocarbon<br />
chain of the fatty acid in a triglyceride stores a large<br />
amount of energy.<br />
A pound of fat packs more than twice as much energy as<br />
a pound of carbohydrates.
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