MEHE KODU ON MAAILM, NAISE MAAILM ON KODU? - Tartu Ülikool

KULTUURIASUTUSTES KÄIMINE VISITING OF CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS
hours) of the day for women and 14% (more than three hours) for men. Active leisure time, which
takes a bit less than three hours a day for men and more than 3.5 hours for women a day, ranks
as third. Active leisure time activities are generally more common in case of women, except for
sports-related leisure time, in which men are slightly more active. This is followed by work
activities, which take approximately three hours (or 12%) per day for men and a bit less time i.e.
less than 2.5 hours (10%) per day for women. Studies hold the last position with an average of
2% per day, i.e. less than half an hour. Yet men spend slightly more time on studying than
women. Such average indicators concern all people aged 10 years or older regardless of whether
they are employed, unemployed or inactive. The average value is calculated based on both
working days and holidays. However, there might be rather great variance when viewed
individually or by age group or by labour status, because school-aged people dedicate more time
to their studies, whereas people of working age spend more time on working, etc. (Figure 2)
One parameter for measuring cultural activeness is whether the respondent has, within the last
12 months, attended at least one cultural event or visited at least one cultural institution or venue.
Or, more specifically – attended at least once the theatre, cinema, concert, visited museum, art
exhibition, library, castle, church, cultural monument, or attended any other cultural event.
When comparing people who had attended a culture event for at least once within the last
12 months and those who had not attended any culture event at all, differences are noticeable
already in case of lower frequency of visiting cultural institutions. Men attending culture events
and visiting cultural institutions work on average over three hours, while men who do not attend
culture events, work on average less than two hours. This difference is even threefold in case of
women. Females who do not visit cultural institutions, work on average for one hour; whereas
females who have visited a cultural institution for at least once, work for almost three hours a day.
This average concerns all days of the week, both workdays and holidays. As the calculation of
the average involves both employed and unemployed people, this indicator may seem low in
comparison with official working time. In view of this calculation method, however, it is
inappropriate to compare it with the official eight-hour working day. The frequency of attending
cultural events and visiting cultural institutions increases along with the average number of
working hours, but only to a certain point, where it begins to decrease again. For men, the
highest number of working hours is reported in the group that attends cultural events 7 to
12 times a year, for women such number of working hours is found in the group who attends
cultural events 4 to 6 times a year. In both cases the average number of working hours is slightly
lower for people actively involved in cultural activities, but the number is still close to the overall
average (including both employed and unemployed people, and both workdays and holidays). A
small decline in the number of working hours of culturally highly active people can be explained
by the fact that people who have more time to visit cultural institutions are either of school age or
retired who are more frequently also subject to discounts (in case of paid services). The group of
people who have never enjoyed culture overlaps to a significant extent with the group of people
who are either unemployed or have lower income, i.e. they have fewer opportunities to enjoy
culture due to their economic status (when ignoring the fact that several cultural services, such as
visiting the library or cultural monuments can be done free of charge).
Age-specific differences in the time spent on work activities by women
and men
When comparing the daily time dedicated to work activities by age group, it should definitely be
remembered that middle-aged people are at their prime working age. At a younger age, on the
other hand, people dedicate themselves more to studies. At an older age, retiring is naturally
accompanied by a decreasing average number of hours dedicated to work activities in a day.
(Figures 3 and 4)
Both for men and women in all age groups, there is a noticeable difference between people who
had visited some cultural institution at least once within the 12 months preceding the survey and
the people who had not visited any cultural institutions during that time. These diagrams do not
MEHE KODU ON MAAILM, NAISE MAAILM ON KODU? MAN’S HOME IS THE WORLD, WOMAN’S WORLD IS HER HOME? 95