efsa-opinion-chromium-food-drinking-water

Chromium in food and bottled water
Table H6: Developmental and reproductive toxicity studies with Cr(VI) compounds (continued)
Study* NOAEL LOAEL Effect Reference
Female Swiss albino rats
Oral (drinking water) 0, 250, 500 and
750 mg potassium dichromate/L
treatment for 20 days
X untreated M
Sacrifice F on GD 19
Maternal
toxicity:
250 mg/L
31 mg
Cr(VI)/kg b.w.
per day
Doses: 0, 31, 60, 75 mg Cr(VI)/kg b.w. per
day (c)
Developmental
toxicity:
-
Maternal
Toxicity:
500 mg/L
60 mg
Cr(VI)/kg
b.w. per day
Developmental
toxicity:
250 mg/L
31 mg
Cr(VI)/kg
b.w. per day
Dams:
Dose-related lengthening of estrous cycles. (stat signif at HD).
Dose-related decrease mating and fertility indices.
Dose-related decrease maternal b.w. gain during gestation (stat signif
at 2 HD).
Litter data:
Dose-related decrease number corpora lutea, and implantations (stat
signif at 2 HD) and live fetuses/litter (all doses).
Dose-related increase resorption frequency (all doses), frequency of
pre- implantation loss (2 HD) and post-implantation loss (all doses).
Dose-related increase placental weights.
Fetuses:
No effect on fetal weight and CRL.
No gross visceral abnormalities.
Increase frequency gross abnormalities and skeletal anomalies at HD
(dermal hemorrhagic patches, kinky tail, short tail, reduced parietal
and inter-parietal ossification, reduced caudal ossification).
Reduced caudal ossification also seen at 500 mg/L.
Dose-related increase Cr concentrations in maternal blood, placenta
and fetal tissues.
Kanojia et al.
(1996)
EFSA Journal 2014;12(3):3595 216