efsa-opinion-chromium-food-drinking-water
efsa-opinion-chromium-food-drinking-water
efsa-opinion-chromium-food-drinking-water
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Chromium in <strong>food</strong> and bottled <strong>water</strong><br />
Table H5: Repeated dose toxicity studies with Cr(VI) compounds (continued)<br />
Study* NOAEL LOAEL Effect Reference<br />
9-week exposure Male and female Sprague-<br />
NTP (1996a, 1997)<br />
Dawley rats+ 8-week recovery<br />
Oral (diet)<br />
Potassium dichromate 0, 15, 50, 100 and<br />
400 mg/kg <strong>food</strong> corresponding to 0, 5.3, 17.7,<br />
35.3, 141 mg Cr(VI)/kg <strong>food</strong><br />
Doses:<br />
0, 0.4, 1.1, 2.3, 9.2 mg Cr(VI)/kg b.w. per<br />
day (a)<br />
100 mg/kg<br />
<strong>food</strong><br />
2.3 mg<br />
Cr(VI)/kg<br />
b.w. per day<br />
400 mg/kg<br />
<strong>food</strong><br />
9.2 mg<br />
Cr(VI)/kg<br />
b.w. per<br />
day<br />
3-month exposure<br />
M and F B6C3F1 mice<br />
Oral (<strong>drinking</strong> <strong>water</strong>)<br />
0, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 or 1000 mg sodium<br />
dichromate dihydrate/L, corresponding to 0,<br />
9, 15, 26, 45, and 80 mg sodium dichromate<br />
dihydrate /kg b.w. per day<br />
Doses:<br />
0, 3.1, 5.2, 9.1, 15.7, 27.9 mg Cr(VI)/kg b.w.<br />
per day (a) - 62.5 mg<br />
sodium<br />
dichromate<br />
dihydrate/<br />
L<br />
3.1 mg<br />
Cr(VI)/kg<br />
b.w. per<br />
day<br />
Changes in MCV and MCH values in M and F at 400 mg/kg <strong>food</strong>.<br />
No effect on testis, epididymus or spermatogenesis has been<br />
reported.<br />
Dose-dependent reduction of b.w. and <strong>water</strong> consumption from<br />
125 mg/L.<br />
Reduction of absolute liver weight in 2 upper doses, increased<br />
relative kidney weight in HD M, increase thymus weight and<br />
increase testis weight.<br />
Haematological changes: mycrocytic hypochromic anemia.<br />
Duodenum: increased incidence of epithelial hyperplasia in all<br />
exposed groups and of histiocytic cellular infiltration from<br />
125 mg/L.<br />
Mesenteric lymph node: histiocytic hyperplasia from 125 mg/L.<br />
Stomach lesions were observed in HD M and in F of the two HD<br />
dose group.<br />
No clinical chemistry or urinalysis were performed.<br />
NTP (2007)<br />
EFSA Journal 2014;12(3):3595 196