efsa-opinion-chromium-food-drinking-water

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Chromium in food and drinking water Gargas ML, Norton RL, Paustenbach DJ and Finley BL, 1994. Urinary excretion of chromium by humans following ingestion of chromium picolinate. Implications for biomonitoring. Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 22, 522-529. Gatto NM, Kelsh MA, Ha Mai D, Suh M and Proctor DM, 2010. Occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium and cancers of the gastrointestinal tract: A meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiology, 34, 388-399. Gentile JM, Hyde K and Schubert J, 1981. Chromium genotoxicity as influenced by complexation and rate effects. Toxicology Letters, 7, 439-448. Goitre M, Bedello PG and Cane D, 1982. Chromium dermatitis and oral administration of the metal. Contact Dermatitis, 8, 208-209. Goldman M and Karotkin RH, 1935. Acute potassium bichromate poisoning. American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 189, 400-403. Goldoni M, Caglieri A, Poli D, Vettori MV, Corradi M, Apostoli P and Mutti A, 2006. Determination of hexavalent chromium in exhaled breath condensate and environmental air among chrome plating workers. Analytica Chimica Acta, 562, 229-235. Gomez-Arroyo S, Altamirano M and Villalobos-Pietrini R, 1981. Sister-chromatid exchanges induced by some chromium compounds in human lymphocytes in vitro. Mutation Research, 90, 425-431. Gomez V and Callao MP, 2006. Chromium determination and speciation since 2000. Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 25, 1006-1015. González Cid M, Loria D, Vilensky M, Miotti JL and Matos E, 1991. Leather tanning workers: Chromosomal aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes and micronuclei in exfoliated cells in urine. Mutation Research, 259, 197-201. Gonzalez-Vergara E, Gonzalez B, Hegenauer J and Saltman P, 1981. Israelian Journal of Chemistry, 21, 18-22. Goodgame DML and Joy MA, 1987. EPR study of the Cr(V) and radical species produced in the reduction of Cr(VI) by ascorbate. Inorganica Chimica Acta, 135, 115-118. Gornet MF, Burkus JK, Harper ML, Chan FW, Skipor AK and Jacobs JJ, 2013. Prospective study on serum metal levels in patients with metal-on-metal lumbar disc arthroplasty. European Spine Journal, 22, 741-746. Goullé JP, Saussereau E, Grosjean J, Doche C, Mahieu L, Thouret JM, Guerbet M and Lacroix C, 2012. Accidental potassium dichromate poisoning. Toxicokinetics of chromium by ICP-MS-CRC in biological fluids and in hair. Forensic Science International, 217, 8-12. Gray SJ and Sterling K, 1950. The tagging of red cells and plasma proteins with radioactive chromium. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 29, 1604-1613. Graf U and Wurgler FE, 1996. The somatic white-ivory eye spot test does not detect the same spectrum of genotoxic events as the wing somatic mutation and recombination test in Drosophila melanogaster. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 27, 219-226. Gu rin T, Chekri R, Vastel C, Sirot V, Volatier JL, Leblanc JC and Noël L, 2011. Determination of 20 trace elements in fish and other seafood from the French market. Food Chemistry, 127, 934-942. Gudi R, Slesinski RS, Clarke JJ and San RH, 2005. Chromium(III) picolinate does not produce chromosome damage in CHO cells. Mutation Research, 587, 140-146. Gul S and Safdar M, 2009. Proximate Composition and Mineral Analysis of Cinnamon. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 8, 1456-1460. Gumbleton M and Nicholls PJ, 1988. Dose-response and time-response biochemical and histological study of potassium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity in the rat. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 26, 37-44. EFSA Journal 2014;12(3):3595 142
Chromium in food and drinking water Hammer D, Nicolas M and Andrey D, 2005. Improved chromium determination in various food matrices using Dynamic Reaction Cell ICP-MS. Atomic Spectroscopy, 26, 6, 203-208. Hamamy HA, Al-Hakkak, ZS and Hussain AF, 1987. Chromosome aberrations in workers at a tannery in Iraq. Mutation Research, 189, 395-398. Hamilton JW and Wetterhahn KE, 1986. Chromium (VI)-induced DNA damage in chick-embryo liver and blood-cells in vivo. Carcinogenesis, 7, 2085-2088. Haworth S, Lawlor T, Mortelmans K, Speck W and Zeige E, 1983. Salmonella mutagenicity test results for 250 chemicals. Environmental Mutagenesis, 5, 1-142. Hanston P, Van Caenegem O, Decordier I, Haufroid V and Lison D, 2005. Hexavalent chromium ingestion: Biological markers of nephrotoxicity and genotoxicity. Clinical Toxicology, 43, 111- 112. Hasan A, 2007. A case report: Ammonium dichromate poisoning. Biomedical Research, 18, 35-37. Hayashi M, Sofuni T and Ishidate M Jr, 1982. High sensitivity in micronucleus induction in a mouse strain (MS). Mutation Research, 105, 253-256. Health Canada ,1986. Chromium. Environmental and Workplace Health, Health Canada. Available online: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/water-eau/chromium-chrome/index-eng.php Henderson RF, Rebar AH, Pickrell, JA and Newton GJ, 1979. Early damage indicators in the lung. III. Biochemical and cytological response of the lung to inhaled metal salts. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 50, 123-136. Hepburn DDD, Burney JM Woski SA and Vincent JB, 2003. The nutritional supplement chromium(III) picolinate generates oxidative DNA damage and peroxidized lipids in vivo. Polyhedron, 22, 455-463. Hepburn DDD and Vincent JB, 2002. In vivo distribution of chromium from chromium(III) picolinate in rats and implications for the safety of the dietary supplement. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 15, 93-100. Hill CH, 1975. Mineral interrelationships. In: Trace elements human health disease. Vol. 2. Ed Prasad AS. Academic, New York, p. 281-300. Hininger I, Benaraba R, Osman M, Faure H, Roussel A-M and Anderson RA, 2007. Safety of trivalent chromium complexes: No evidence for DNA damage in human HaCaT keratinocytes. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 42, 1759-1765. Holmes AL, Wise SS, Sandwick SJ and Wise JP Sr, 2006. The clastogenic effects of chronic exposure to particulate and soluble Cr(VI) in human lung cells. Mutation Research, 610, 8-13. Höhn P, 1979. Morphology and Morphogenesis of Experimentally Induced Small Intestinal Tumors. Current Topics in Pathology, 67, 69-144. Hopkins LL, 1965. Distribution in the rat of physiological amounts of injected Cr-51(3) with time. American Journal of Physiology, 209, 731-735. Hopkins LLJr and Schwarz K, 1964. Chromium(III) binding to serum proteins, specifically siderophilin. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 90, 4784-491. Huybrechts I, Sioen I, Boon PE, Ruprich J, Lafay L, Turrini A, Amiano P, Hirvonen T, De Neve M, Arcella D, Moschandreas J, Westerlund A, Ribas-Barba L, Hilbig A, Papoutsou S, Christensen T, Oltarzewski M, Virtanen S, Rehurkova I, Azpiri M, Sette S, Kersting M, Walkiewicz A, Serra- Majem L, Volatier JL, Trolle E, Tornaritis M, Busk L, Kafatos A, Fabiansson S, De Henauw S and Van Klaveren J, 2011. Dietary Exposure Assessments for Children in Europe (the EXPOCHI project): rationale, methods and design. Archives of Public Health, 69, 1-12. Hyland JL, Snoots TR and Balthis WL, 1998. Sediment quality of estuaries in the southeastern U.S. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 51, 331-343. EFSA Journal 2014;12(3):3595 143
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EFSA Journal 2014;12(3):3595 SCIENT
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Chromium in food and drinking water
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4.2.2.1. Data collection on food (e
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Sampling year Number of samples Chr
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Number of analtycal results Samplin
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4.2.4. Occurrence data by food cate
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7.2.1.4. Genotoxicity Chromium in f
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7.2.2.3. Developmental and reproduc
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