efsa-opinion-chromium-food-drinking-water
efsa-opinion-chromium-food-drinking-water
efsa-opinion-chromium-food-drinking-water
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Chromium in <strong>food</strong> and <strong>drinking</strong> <strong>water</strong><br />
EN 13804:2013. Foodstuffs. Determination of elements and their chemical species. General<br />
considerations and specific requirements.<br />
EN ISO 11885:2009. Water Quality - Determination of selected elements by inductively coupled<br />
plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).<br />
EN ISO 15586:2004. Water Quality - Determination of trace elements using atomic absorption<br />
spectrometry with graphite furnace.<br />
EN ISO 17294-2:2003. Water Quality - Application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry<br />
(ICP-MS) - Part 2: Determination of 62 elements.<br />
EN ISO 18412:2006. Water Quality - Determination of <strong>chromium</strong>(VI) – Photometric method for<br />
weakly contaminated <strong>water</strong>.<br />
EN ISO 23913:2006. Water Quality - Determination of <strong>chromium</strong>(VI) – Method using flow analysis<br />
(FIA and CFA) and spectrometric detection.<br />
EN ISO 5667-1:2007. Water quality - Sampling. Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling<br />
programmes and sampling techniques.<br />
EN ISO 5667-3:2012. Water quality - Sampling. Part 3: Preservation and handling of <strong>water</strong> samples.<br />
EN ISO 5667-5:2006. Water quality – Sampling. Part 5: Guidance on sampling of <strong>drinking</strong> <strong>water</strong> from<br />
treatment works and piped distribution systems.<br />
Environment Canada, 1985. National <strong>water</strong> quality data bank (NAQUADAT). Data Systems Section,<br />
Water Quality Branch, Environment Canada. Available online:<br />
http://books.google.it/books/about/NAQUADAT.html?id=VNSRGwAACAAJ&redir_esc=y<br />
Esber H, Moreno V and Loveday KS, 1997. Evaluation of <strong>chromium</strong>(III) picolinate in the Ames and<br />
the rat in vivo of chromosomal aberration assays. Mutation Research, 379, S89 [Abstract No.<br />
PXII.15].<br />
Estlander T, Jolanki R and Kanerva L, 2000, Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from trivalent<br />
<strong>chromium</strong> in leather tanning. Contact Dermatitis, 43, 114.<br />
EVM (Expert Group on Vitamins and Minerals), 2003. Risk assessment: Chromium. In: Safe Upper<br />
Levels for Vitamins and Minerals. Report on the Expert Group on Vitamins and Minerals (EVM).<br />
U.K. Food Standards Agency (FSA), Committee on Nutrition (SACN), Expert Group on Vitamins<br />
and Minerals (EVM), London, England, p. 172-179. Available online:<br />
http://www.<strong>food</strong>.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/vitmin2003.pdf.<br />
EWG (Environmental Working Group), 2005. How PG&E’s Scientists-for-Hire Reversed Findings<br />
on Cancer Study. Environmental Working Group (Washington, D.C.). Available online:<br />
http://www.ewg.org/research/chrome-plated-fraud<br />
Febel H, Szegedi B and Huszar S, 2001. Absorption of inorganic, trivalent and hexavalent <strong>chromium</strong><br />
following oral and intrajejunal doses in rats. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica, 49, 203-209.<br />
Fendorf SE, 1995. Surface reactions of <strong>chromium</strong> in soils and <strong>water</strong>s. Geoderma, 67, 55-71.<br />
Feng W, 2007. The transport of <strong>chromium</strong>(III) in the body: Implications for function. In: The<br />
nutritional biochemistry of <strong>chromium</strong>(III). Ed Vincent JB. Elsevier, Amsterdam, p. 121-137.<br />
Feng W, Li B, Liu J, Chai Z, Zhang P, Gao Y and Zhao J, 2003. Study of <strong>chromium</strong> containing<br />
proteins in subcellular fractions of rat liver by enriched stable isotopic tracer technique and gel<br />
filtration chromatography. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemisry, 375, 363-368.<br />
Figuereido E, Elisa Soares M, Baptista P, Castro M and Lourdes Bastos M, 2007. Validation of an<br />
Electrothermal Atomization Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method for Quantification of Total<br />
Chromium and Chromium(VI) in Wild Mushrooms and Underlying Soils. Journal of Agriculture<br />
and Food Chemistry, 55, 7192-7198.<br />
EFSA Journal 2014;12(3):3595 140