An Approach to the Mystery of Water Based on Grander® Technology
An Approach to the Mystery of Water Based on Grander® Technology An Approach to the Mystery of Water Based on Grander® Technology
- Page 2 and 3: Contents 4 Microbiological Effects
- Page 4 and 5: Microbiological Effects of<
- Page 6 and 7: Distinguishing Features between Tin
- Page 8 and 9: Alteration of <str
- Page 10 and 11: The Significance of</strong
- Page 12 and 13: Bioluminescence Everyone is familia
- Page 14 and 15: Lead in Drinking Water</str
- Page 16 and 17: Cadmium in Drinking Water</
- Page 18 and 19: Grander® Technology Improves <stro
- Page 20 and 21: The Course of Colo
- Page 22 and 23: Colony Forming Units in Non-revital
- Page 24: 7/02 24
<str<strong>on</strong>g>An</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Approach</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Mystery</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Based</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>An</str<strong>on</strong>g> Interim Report by Dr. Horst Felsch<br />
© message (1), Dr. Horst Felsch (5)
C<strong>on</strong>tents<br />
4<br />
Microbiological Effects <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong><br />
Pin Point Formssati<strong>on</strong><br />
11<br />
Biological Method for Proving <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Positive Transformati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Heavy Metal<br />
Informati<strong>on</strong> in <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g>, Using Grander ® Revitalisati<strong>on</strong><br />
The Phosphorescent Bacteria Test<br />
18<br />
Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> Improves <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
The Preservati<strong>on</strong> Qualities <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Drinking <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
21<br />
How L<strong>on</strong>g Is Original Grander ® Revitalisati<strong>on</strong> Equipment Effective?<br />
The Active Life-Span <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® Revitalisers<br />
Published by: Uranus Verlagsges.m.b.H., Lange Gasse 48/5, A-1080 Vienna<br />
Tel.: 0043(0)1 403 91 11, fax: 0043(0)1 403 91 11 33, e-mail:uranus@uranus.at<br />
Resp<strong>on</strong>sible for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>tents: Dr. Horst Felsch, Academically Qualified Engineer, Schlossberg 25, A-6391 Fieberbrunn<br />
Tel.: 0043(0)5354 56 050, fax: 0043(0)5354 52 248, e-mail:h.felsch@tirol.com<br />
Producti<strong>on</strong>: message Medien & VerlagsGmbH, Diefenbachgasse 5, A-1150 Vienna<br />
Litho: Brüll & Schor, Pröllgasse 4, A-1130 Vienna<br />
Printing: Druckerei Berger, A-3580 Horn<br />
Copyright: All articles ©2000, Uranus Verlagsges.m.b.H.<br />
May be reprinted <strong>on</strong>ly with express permissi<strong>on</strong><br />
2
Preface<br />
“<str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> is a cosmic thing!” That was <strong>on</strong>e <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> things Johann Grander pressed up<strong>on</strong> me<br />
in 1993, when he entrusted me with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> task<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> testing his discovery with scientifically<br />
recognised methods. This resp<strong>on</strong>sibility was,<br />
for me, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> beginning <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a very exciting period<br />
and for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> first time I had <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> feeling<br />
that I was drawing closer <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phenomen<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> “water and life”. On <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> o<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r hand,<br />
I was very sceptical, because <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> relati<strong>on</strong>ship<br />
between “water and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> cosmos” meant<br />
little <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> me.<br />
The work got underway with a series <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> labora<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ry tests,<br />
with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> involvement <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Austrian university institutes. As a<br />
matter <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> principal, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> practical implementati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ®<br />
<strong>Technology</strong> in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> industrial field was undertaken <strong>on</strong>ly after<br />
water analysis had clearly defined <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> initial c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s. After<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> equipment was installed, chemical and bacteriological tests<br />
documented any changes. This resulted in an abundance <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
data, which dem<strong>on</strong>strated <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> following: <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> use <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ®<br />
<strong>Technology</strong> results in a lower demand for chemicals, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteriological<br />
quality <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water improves, and drinking water<br />
is preserved for years.<br />
So much for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> technical applicati<strong>on</strong>s. But what about <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
scientific side <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> things?<br />
Occasi<strong>on</strong>ally, during discussi<strong>on</strong>s I was c<strong>on</strong>fr<strong>on</strong>ted with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
argument: Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> may well be effective, but no<br />
<strong>on</strong>e really understands <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> principal <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> how it works, and ultimately<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> whole matter simply has <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be accepted <strong>on</strong> faith.<br />
In March 2000, Pr<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>essor Rachmanin and his colleague Pr<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>essor<br />
K<strong>on</strong>dra<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>v came <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> Austria in order <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> report pers<strong>on</strong>ally<br />
<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>ir findings at Jochberg in Tirol. <str<strong>on</strong>g>An</str<strong>on</strong>g>d <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re it was again:<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>necti<strong>on</strong> between water and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> cosmos. The scientists<br />
c<strong>on</strong>firmed that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> structure <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> water undergoes lasting change<br />
during Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong>. They supplied pro<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re<br />
is vertical compressi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> hexag<strong>on</strong>al units. Thus water that<br />
has underg<strong>on</strong>e Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong> has qualities that are<br />
comparable with those <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> “oscillating quartz”: <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> vertical<br />
structures act as antennas that pick up <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> special frequencies<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cosmic energy and transfer it (like a transmitter) <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> water<br />
that has not been revitalised.<br />
So Johann Grander is right: water is c<strong>on</strong>nected with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
cosmos.<br />
To me, it has been very interesting <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> observe <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> uncomplicated<br />
relati<strong>on</strong>ship that so-called “natural researchers” such as<br />
Vik<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>r Schauberger and Johann Grander have <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phenomen<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> water. They succeed in discovering relati<strong>on</strong>ships that are<br />
initially incomprehensible <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> “qualified” scientists. This is also<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> reas<strong>on</strong> why I want <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> dedicate <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> present work <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> Johann<br />
Grander. With his highly descriptive language he has helped me<br />
find an entirely new relati<strong>on</strong>ship <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> natural phenomena. Thus<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> investigati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> water as a “cosmic thing” is a matter that<br />
will c<strong>on</strong>tinue <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> fascinate me for a l<strong>on</strong>g time <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> come.<br />
Dr. Horst Felsch,<br />
Academically Qualified Engineer<br />
April 2000<br />
In order <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> invalidate this noti<strong>on</strong> that “faith” is required<br />
and also <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> give <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> users trust and c<strong>on</strong>fidence in Grander ®<br />
<strong>Technology</strong>, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> results presented in this brochure have been<br />
obtained using scientifically recognised test methods. Thus <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y<br />
can be checked by any properly equipped labora<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ry .<br />
In this regard, I would like <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> make <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> following important<br />
point: <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> studies described here were written primarily for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
“interested layman” ra<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r than for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> scientist. Despite <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
complicated c<strong>on</strong>text it was intended <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> keep <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> text universally<br />
comprehensible. The “complete versi<strong>on</strong>” <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se studies will<br />
be published next year in book form.<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>An</str<strong>on</strong>g>d <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> cosmic thing? Here as well, we have made c<strong>on</strong>siderable<br />
progress. In 1997, a research c<strong>on</strong>tract related <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> was awarded <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> vice president <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Russian Academy <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Natural Sciences, Pr<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>. Yuri Rachmanin.<br />
3
Microbiological Effects <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong><br />
Pin Point Formati<strong>on</strong><br />
First investigati<strong>on</strong>s have proved that <strong>Grander®</strong> <strong>Technology</strong> changes <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> cluster structure<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> water. Above all, this should effect bacteria, which have maintained a living<br />
relati<strong>on</strong>ship (biocoenosis) with water from time immemorial. Changes in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
cluster structure should <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> necessity also lead <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteriological changes.<br />
This was <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> basic premise for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> investigati<strong>on</strong>s that are described below.<br />
Pho<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>s: Dr. Felsch<br />
The expressi<strong>on</strong> “pin points” is taken from practical<br />
life and refers <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> size <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria. It is applied<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacterial col<strong>on</strong>ies that are particularly small,<br />
and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> size <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a pin-head is a well-chosen comparis<strong>on</strong>.<br />
Until <strong>on</strong>ly a few years ago <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> expressi<strong>on</strong> “pin points”<br />
was relatively little known in water research. Pin points were<br />
described in a dissertati<strong>on</strong> submitted in 1972 by an Iranian<br />
student, Khodaia Mohaled. The title <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> his dissertati<strong>on</strong> was<br />
Oligocarbophile: Micro-organisms in Plus Lake. The literal translati<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> name oligocarbophile bacteria implies that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y<br />
like <strong>on</strong>ly a small amount <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> carb<strong>on</strong>; thus <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y are typical<br />
water bacteria, which have adapted <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> very low levels<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> nutrients found in water. In flowing waters (i.e. streams)<br />
it is quite usual <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> find pin points within <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> spectrum <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> living col<strong>on</strong>ies <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria. This is seldom <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> case in<br />
drinking water.<br />
In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> meantime, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> expressi<strong>on</strong> “pin points” has been<br />
admitted <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> textbooks <strong>on</strong> microbiology, such as Hans<br />
G. Schlegel’s General Microbiology, published by Georg Thieme<br />
A page from <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> textbook General Microbiology, in which <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> expressi<strong>on</strong><br />
pin points is described. In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> illustrati<strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong>e can see large white col<strong>on</strong>ies<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> “wild” type – which is <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> original bacterium. The small white dots<br />
are pin points. The difference in size is quite apparent.<br />
Verlag in Stuttgart, Germany. It c<strong>on</strong>tains an illustrati<strong>on</strong><br />
that shows <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> difference in size between “wild” col<strong>on</strong>ies<br />
and pin point col<strong>on</strong>ies. In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> present report, I would like <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
use bacteriological methods <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> dem<strong>on</strong>strate that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> massive<br />
appearance <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points provides clear evidence <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ®<br />
revitalisati<strong>on</strong>.<br />
Pho<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> kind permissi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> publisher<br />
4
The Ability <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> Purify Itself<br />
Polluted water has usually lost many <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> qualities<br />
that unpolluted water still possesses, e.g. <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> ability <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
assimilate sufficient quantities <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> oxygen. O<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r qualities<br />
include freshness, taste and smell. Polluted water is <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten no<br />
l<strong>on</strong>ger capable <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> purifying itself. The bacteria in polluted<br />
waters are unable <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> break down <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> large quantity <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> nutrients<br />
found in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se waters. Usually <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> necessary oxygen<br />
is lacking, so that anaerobic processes are more likely <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
take place, creating unpleasant smells. Thus our wastewater<br />
treatment plants need huge quantities <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> oxygen from <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
air in order <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> stimulate micro-organisms in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> “revitalisati<strong>on</strong><br />
pool” <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> reduce <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> levels <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> polluti<strong>on</strong>.<br />
How Is <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Bacterial Count<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> Determined?<br />
For <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> determinati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacterial count, a method<br />
is used in which <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria are cultured <strong>on</strong> an artificial<br />
culture medium. Individual bacteria create larger col<strong>on</strong>ies<br />
that can be seen with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> naked eye and can thus be counted<br />
without <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> use <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a microscope. The method for determining<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacterial count in drinking water has been standardised<br />
al<strong>on</strong>g with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> compositi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> culture media <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be<br />
used. In principal <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re are two methods for determining<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacterial count: <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> plate culture method and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> membrane<br />
filter method. All <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> investigati<strong>on</strong>s carried out by me<br />
were c<strong>on</strong>ducted using <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> membrane filter method. Thus I<br />
would like <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> explain <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> method in greater detail.<br />
In determining <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacterial count, 1 ml <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking<br />
water being tested (or 1 ml <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> an appropriate diluti<strong>on</strong>) is<br />
Robert Koch in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> year 1886. He was <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> first <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> succeed in growing<br />
bacteria <strong>on</strong> an “artificial” culture medium. He used meat soup as a medium<br />
in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> petri dishes that can be seen in this pho<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>graph. This allowed him<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> isolate and culture disease-causing agents (pathogens).<br />
drawn through a membrane filter under sterile c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s.<br />
The bacteria and fungi c<strong>on</strong>tained in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water are trapped<br />
by <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> filter, which is <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>n laid <strong>on</strong><str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> an artificial culture medium.<br />
The filter draws nutrients from <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> culture medium so<br />
that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria and fungi found <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> surface <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> filter<br />
easily grow and multiply. The bacteria multiply in a c<strong>on</strong>centric<br />
pattern, ideally spreading from a single bacterium and<br />
forming col<strong>on</strong>ies that are visible <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> naked eye. The reas<strong>on</strong><br />
this happens is that some 100,000 bacteria can be generated<br />
from a single bacterium in a period <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong>ly 48 hours (depending<br />
<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> reproductive period). The formati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> visible<br />
col<strong>on</strong>ies makes it possible <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> take a bacteria count even without<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> assistance <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a microscope. The great advantage <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
this method is that <strong>on</strong>ly those bacteria and fungi capable <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
reproducing are counted, i.e. <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong>ly germs that represent<br />
a possible danger in drinking water.<br />
Pho<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>: Institut Pasteur, Paris<br />
What Causes Pin Points To Form?<br />
Pin points are created in o<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r<br />
ways besides <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> use <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ®<br />
<strong>Technology</strong>. Pin points can also<br />
form when a water sample is subjected<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> ultrasound over a l<strong>on</strong>ger<br />
period <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> time. Under <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> influence<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> very high frequency sound waves,<br />
bacteria “families” are fragmented<br />
and scattered. The individual col<strong>on</strong>ies<br />
thus formed <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten take <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> form <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
extremely tiny col<strong>on</strong>ies, thus becoming<br />
pin points.<br />
A sec<strong>on</strong>d possibility <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> producing<br />
pin points is <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> use <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> sub - lethal<br />
radiati<strong>on</strong> with ultraviolet light. Also<br />
in this case, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> introducti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> energy<br />
can tear apart <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> aggregati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria.<br />
Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> uses a completely<br />
different principle in inducing<br />
pin point formati<strong>on</strong>. It does not<br />
depend <strong>on</strong> massive doses <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> energy.<br />
Ra<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r, according <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> our present state<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> knowledge, by altering <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> cluster<br />
structure <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> behaviour<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> micro-organisms is fundamentally<br />
changed. Thus <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® pin<br />
points that form are a reacti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
structural change <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water and not<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> result <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> some process that leads<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> destructi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacterial<br />
aggregates.<br />
For this reas<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points that<br />
result from ultrasound influence are<br />
fundamentally different from Grander<br />
® pin points. If a water sample is<br />
subjected <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> ultrasound and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>n<br />
tested for bacteria, tiny col<strong>on</strong>ies can<br />
be found almost immediately, just<br />
as so<strong>on</strong> as <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y have had time <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
multiply.<br />
Following c<strong>on</strong>tact <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a water<br />
sample with Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> it<br />
takes at least two <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> three days before<br />
pin points are formed.<br />
5
Distinguishing Features between Tiny Col<strong>on</strong>ies, Created by <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Effects<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> UV Radiati<strong>on</strong> or Ultrasound, and Grander ® Pin Points:<br />
Pin point formati<strong>on</strong> due <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> Pin point formati<strong>on</strong> due <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ®<br />
ultrasound or UV radiati<strong>on</strong><br />
Pin point formati<strong>on</strong> induced by mechanical sound energy or heavy altered microbiological behaviour; no<br />
radiati<strong>on</strong>, causing splitting <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
splitting <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria aggregati<strong>on</strong>s in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
aggregati<strong>on</strong>s in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> individual bacteria individual parts, but alterati<strong>on</strong> in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
harmless but very active new forms<br />
Occurrence immediate not until 2 <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> 3 days after first<br />
c<strong>on</strong>tact with Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong><br />
Substrate utilisati<strong>on</strong> same as “wild” bacteria different utilisati<strong>on</strong> than<br />
“wild” bacteria<br />
Breakdown <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> carb<strong>on</strong> c<strong>on</strong>tent no increased breakdown and/or increased breakdown and lowering<br />
and lowering <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> AOC c<strong>on</strong>tent no lowering <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> AOC c<strong>on</strong>tent <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> AOC c<strong>on</strong>tent, resulting in<br />
(food c<strong>on</strong>tent)<br />
purificati<strong>on</strong> and improved water<br />
The Pin Point Formati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Bacteria,<br />
Using Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong><br />
The pin point formati<strong>on</strong> that gives revitalised water completely<br />
new qualities is <strong>on</strong>e <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> most fantastic phenomena<br />
related <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>. With amazing speed<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se pin points break down <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> organic c<strong>on</strong>tent dissolved<br />
in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water, thus purifying it. In this manner <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water<br />
loses its perishability and regains all those qualities that it<br />
had in an unpolluted state.<br />
The as<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>nishing thing about this phenomen<strong>on</strong> is that<br />
water that has <strong>on</strong>ce been revitalised by <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® method<br />
always retains <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se qualities. If a bottle <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ®<br />
water is polluted, for example, by adding a drop <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a sterile,<br />
artificial culture medium, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points increases<br />
within <strong>on</strong>ly a few hours. They quickly break down <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
source <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> carb<strong>on</strong>, thus purifying <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water <strong>on</strong>ce again.<br />
With regard <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin point formati<strong>on</strong> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong><br />
is highly specific. I have tested many <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water systems<br />
available <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> market. They promise water activati<strong>on</strong> or<br />
similar effects, but not a single <strong>on</strong>e <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se technologies was<br />
able <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> promote pin point formati<strong>on</strong> in Johann Grander’s<br />
sense.<br />
Because I c<strong>on</strong>tinue <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> refer <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> high number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin<br />
points, I should point out <strong>on</strong>ce again <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> harmlessness<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se pin points. The changes <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y undergo makes<br />
pin points lose <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> qualities <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> resistance that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> “wild”<br />
bacteria <strong>on</strong>ce had. It is hardly possible for pin points <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
“Determinati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Microbes Capable <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Reproducti<strong>on</strong>, Using <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Membrane Filter Method”<br />
This procedure is described in DIN<br />
38411-K5. The membrane filters c<strong>on</strong>sist<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> chemically modified cellulose and<br />
have a pore size <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 0.45 µm. These pores<br />
are thus <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>o small for most bacteria <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
pass through so that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y are trapped<br />
<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> surface <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> filter. In each test,<br />
1 ml <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> sample liquid is drawn through<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> membrane filter, which is <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>n laid<br />
<strong>on</strong><str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a standard culture medium.<br />
Membrane filter (diameter 50 mm, thickness<br />
.01 mm) with a printed grid for counting. Because<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>ir size, bacteria and fungi cannot<br />
pass through <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pores and are trapped by <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
filter. After 24, 48 and 96 hours <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> col<strong>on</strong>ies<br />
that have formed are counted.<br />
After <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> sample has been drawn through <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
membrane filter, it is “rolled” <strong>on</strong><str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> surface<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a sterile culture medium. During <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> incubati<strong>on</strong><br />
period <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria found <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> filter are<br />
nourished by <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> culture medium, enabling<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>m <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> reproduce and form col<strong>on</strong>ies.<br />
6
Pro<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Effectiveness<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Revitalisati<strong>on</strong><br />
The completely different images<br />
shown here make <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> remarkable<br />
nature <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ®<br />
<strong>Technology</strong> with respect <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin<br />
point formati<strong>on</strong> perfectly clear.<br />
This discovery has made it possible<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> develop a comprehensible<br />
scientific procedure for<br />
determining <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> effectiveness<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> in<br />
water systems.<br />
Example <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> unrevitalised water with acceptable<br />
bacteria levels. In order <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> create more col<strong>on</strong>ies,<br />
50 ml was drawn through <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> filter, which was<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>n incubated <strong>on</strong> standard nutrient agar for<br />
72 hours at 22 degrees Celsius. The various<br />
sizes and shapes <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> col<strong>on</strong>ies are typical.<br />
Following revitalisati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> water from St Ulrich<br />
am Pillersee and two resting days, this typical<br />
image was formed after 72 hours <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> incubati<strong>on</strong><br />
at 22 degrees Celsius. Only a few “wild” col<strong>on</strong>ies<br />
remain. A large number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® pin points<br />
predominate.<br />
multiply at 37 degrees Celsius no matter how good <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
culture medium is. Thus we may be certain that drinking<br />
water can never have a harmful effect, no matter how many<br />
pin points it may c<strong>on</strong>tain, because both normal body<br />
temperature and s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>mach acid would kill <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se pin points<br />
immediately. In additi<strong>on</strong>, an increase in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin<br />
points does not imply an increase in disease germs (which<br />
are not permitted by law).<br />
Details <strong>on</strong> Grander ®<br />
Pin point Formati<strong>on</strong><br />
As early as 1993 I was able <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> establish that bacteria<br />
c<strong>on</strong>tained in water form pin points as a result <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ®<br />
<strong>Technology</strong>. If a sample <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking water, for example,<br />
comes in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>tact with Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>, <strong>on</strong>e<br />
can observe <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin point formati<strong>on</strong> taking place within<br />
about two <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> three days (that’s how l<strong>on</strong>g <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria<br />
take <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> change). The bacterial picture becomes uniform:<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re are no l<strong>on</strong>ger any large “wild” col<strong>on</strong>ies,<br />
but <strong>on</strong>ly small <strong>on</strong>es <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin-head size.<br />
This pin point formati<strong>on</strong>, which is typical <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander<br />
® <strong>Technology</strong>, has meanwhile also become <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> most<br />
important method for dem<strong>on</strong>strating <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> effectiveness<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>.<br />
Since 1993 I have c<strong>on</strong>ducted tests <strong>on</strong> some 2,000 water<br />
samples and found c<strong>on</strong>firmati<strong>on</strong> time and time again<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin point formati<strong>on</strong> caused by Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>.<br />
This pin point formati<strong>on</strong> has also been c<strong>on</strong>firmed<br />
After an incubati<strong>on</strong> period <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 96 hours, col<strong>on</strong>ies<br />
are formed that can be seen with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> naked eye<br />
and thus can be counted. This drinking water<br />
had 30 CFU/ml (CFU = col<strong>on</strong>y forming units).<br />
The guideline that may not be exceeded under<br />
Austrian regulati<strong>on</strong>s sets a limit <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 100 CFU/ml.<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalised using Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong><br />
shows typical pin point formati<strong>on</strong> (<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se are<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> very small white col<strong>on</strong>ies). The unrevitalised<br />
col<strong>on</strong>ies = “wild” or mo<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r col<strong>on</strong>ies are substantially<br />
larger and have been coloured red by<br />
a dye in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> culture medium.<br />
When <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water has been completely revitalised<br />
by Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>, <strong>on</strong>ly pin points<br />
are found <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> membrane filter. No “wild”<br />
col<strong>on</strong>ies are <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be seen.<br />
7
Alterati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Col<strong>on</strong>y Image<br />
by <strong>Grander®</strong> Revitalisati<strong>on</strong><br />
First, unrevitalised drinking water was incubated for 96<br />
hours at 22 degrees Celsius. After revitalisati<strong>on</strong>, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> col<strong>on</strong>y<br />
image clearly changed, as may be seen in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pho<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>graphs<br />
taken after 5, 10, 15 days and 4 weeks.<br />
5 ml <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> unrevitalised drinking water<br />
was drawn through <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> membrane<br />
filter and incubated for 96 hours at<br />
22 degrees Celsius. One can see <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
diverse nature <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> col<strong>on</strong>y formati<strong>on</strong>, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
varying colour (because <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a colorant<br />
added <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> culture medium) and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
varying size <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> col<strong>on</strong>ies. This water<br />
afterwards was revitalised with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
help <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>.<br />
Five days after <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> start <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalisati<strong>on</strong>,<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteriological picture has<br />
already changed. The size <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> col<strong>on</strong>y<br />
formati<strong>on</strong>s no l<strong>on</strong>ger varies, and<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> colours have become uniform.<br />
Ten days after <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> start <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalisati<strong>on</strong>,<br />
countless pin points have formed.<br />
The col<strong>on</strong>ies are so close <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ge<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r<br />
that <strong>on</strong>ly <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> outer edge <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> thick<br />
growth is capable <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> accepting dye.<br />
There is very thick growth at <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> interior<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> filter area.<br />
Fifteen days after <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> start <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalisati<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points becomes<br />
smaller. This is a sign that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> food supply<br />
has almost been exhausted and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
bacteriological purificati<strong>on</strong> has for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
most part been completed.<br />
by o<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r university institutes and by Pr<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>. Dr. Rachmanin,<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> man resp<strong>on</strong>sible for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> purity <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Moscow’s city water<br />
supply.<br />
What Qualities Are To Be Found<br />
in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Pin Points Resulting from<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Use <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>?<br />
It is truly fascinating how <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points<br />
increases sharply within just a few days <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalisati<strong>on</strong> with<br />
Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>. One might easily assume that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
pin points I describe are <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> result <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> some externally caused<br />
infecti<strong>on</strong> or c<strong>on</strong>taminati<strong>on</strong>. But this assumpti<strong>on</strong> can be<br />
refuted in a very simple experiment:<br />
A sealed bottle, made <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> glass or plastic and c<strong>on</strong>taining<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be tested, is placed for two <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> three days next<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a bottle <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Original Grander ® <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g>. Bacteriological<br />
examinati<strong>on</strong> after an appropriate period <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> incubati<strong>on</strong><br />
reveals <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin point formati<strong>on</strong> described here. A blind test<br />
with a sec<strong>on</strong>d bottle filled under <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> same c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s but<br />
with no c<strong>on</strong>tact with Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> dem<strong>on</strong>strates<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> difference: <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re is no formati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points. The<br />
<strong>on</strong>ly case in which pin points are not formed is if <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
water has been str<strong>on</strong>gly chlorinated and thus was bacteriologically<br />
dead when <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> sample was taken. In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> membrane<br />
filter method, if <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points form very slowly<br />
<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> agar plate, i.e. <strong>on</strong>ly after 96 hours <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> incubati<strong>on</strong>,<br />
this is always an indicati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> presence <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> inhibiting<br />
chemicals in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water, such as disinfectants or unusually<br />
high c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> heavy metals.<br />
Thus <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> formati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points using Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong><br />
cannot be explained as a bacterial infecti<strong>on</strong>. Ra<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re is alterati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> micro - organisms, giving <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>m<br />
completely new qualities with respect <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>ir heightened<br />
ability <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> break down <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacterial nutrients c<strong>on</strong>tained in<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water.<br />
Alterati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Qualities<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Resistance <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Pin Points<br />
Four weeks after <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> start <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalisati<strong>on</strong><br />
using Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
food supplies have been completely<br />
exhausted. The pin points have died.<br />
The water is biologically pure. Because<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> sharply lower levels <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> assimilable<br />
organic carb<strong>on</strong> (AOC), bacteria can<br />
no l<strong>on</strong>ger reproduce (below 10 µg org.<br />
Celsius/ml).<br />
Evidently, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points resulting from Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong><br />
also lose <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> qualities <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> resistance that characterised<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> original “wild” col<strong>on</strong>y. I was able <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> establish this myself<br />
in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> case <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> an 80,000 - litre closed heating system in<br />
a hospital. The system operated at a primary temperature<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 55 degrees Celsius and a return - flow temperature <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 48<br />
degrees Celsius. These are temperatures at which aquatic<br />
pseudom<strong>on</strong>ads cannot survive. Never<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>less, a very high<br />
level <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> microbe c<strong>on</strong>taminati<strong>on</strong> was found in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> circulating<br />
water. Apparently, high selecti<strong>on</strong> pressures had result-<br />
8
ed in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> development <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> temperature-resistant plasmids<br />
(small, circular DNA-molecules), permitting survival at<br />
temperatures <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> around 50 degrees Celsius. The system was<br />
revitalised using Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>. Six weeks later no<br />
bacteria were <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be found in this closed heating system. (A<br />
sec<strong>on</strong>d bacteriological institute, which was asked <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> become<br />
involved in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> experiment as a result <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> insurance issues,<br />
arrived at <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> same results.) Evidently <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> temperature<br />
resistance <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> “wild” bacteria was lost when <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y were<br />
transformed in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points. Fundamentally, pin points<br />
formed as a result <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> show a striking<br />
sensitivity <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> temperature. When water that has been revitalised<br />
using this technology is examined and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> culture<br />
medium has been incubated at 37 <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> 40 degrees Celsius, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re<br />
is no col<strong>on</strong>y formati<strong>on</strong>. However, at room temperature<br />
pin points develop <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> culture medium in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> usual<br />
form after 24 hours.<br />
The Utilisati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Substrates by<br />
Grander ® Pin Points<br />
Of particular interest is <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> ability <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points created<br />
through <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> use <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> find new sources<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> nourishment. In <strong>on</strong>e example, Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong><br />
has been used for many years <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> improve closed cooling<br />
systems that are operated ei<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r with pure water or with<br />
hydrocarb<strong>on</strong> coolants – mineral-oil products.<br />
One user <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> such hydrocarb<strong>on</strong> coolants had <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> idea<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalising a supply barrel <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> readymade hydrocarb<strong>on</strong><br />
coolant in order <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> see what <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> effect would be. Grander ®<br />
revitalisati<strong>on</strong> equipment was suspended in a sealable 200-litre<br />
steel drum c<strong>on</strong>taining 180 litres <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> coolant emulsi<strong>on</strong>, and<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> drum was closed. It was <strong>on</strong>ly opened, when necessary, <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
take samples for bacteriological examinati<strong>on</strong>. The revitalisati<strong>on</strong><br />
process followed <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> expected bacteriological course:<br />
within <strong>on</strong>ly a short time after <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong><br />
revitalisati<strong>on</strong> began, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re were a large number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points.<br />
A peak was reached after four weeks. After six weeks <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
number began <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> fall, reaching a minimum after eight weeks.<br />
I came <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>clusi<strong>on</strong> that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> easily utilised sources <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
carb<strong>on</strong> had been exhausted.<br />
After 10 weeks, however, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points<br />
began rising again. From this point <strong>on</strong>, my labora<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ry<br />
tests provided <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> interesting informati<strong>on</strong> that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
mineral-oil c<strong>on</strong>tent <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> emulsi<strong>on</strong>, which had earlier<br />
been .8 per cent, was steadily decreasing. Evidently, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
pin points, as <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>ir primary source <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> nourishment was<br />
becoming exhausted, had learned <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> crack <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> more<br />
complex carb<strong>on</strong> chain structures and use <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>m as substrates.<br />
The explanati<strong>on</strong> for this is that, in c<strong>on</strong>trast <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> usual circula<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ry cooling systems in which nutrients<br />
are c<strong>on</strong>stantly being added, in this drum <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re was a<br />
limited food supply, and as it became exhausted, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin<br />
points began using <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> oil as a food source.<br />
For many years now in my labora<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ry I have been<br />
checking closed cooling systems equipped with Grander ®<br />
<strong>Technology</strong>. In practice, pin point formati<strong>on</strong> does not<br />
lead <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> an undesirable breakdown <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> oily comp<strong>on</strong>ents.<br />
This is because <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pump circulati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> cooling system<br />
provides sufficient sources <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> food that can easily be<br />
broken down.<br />
The Nutrient C<strong>on</strong>tent<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> Is Lowered by<br />
Grander ® Pin Points<br />
If bacteria is <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> remain alive in drinking water, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water<br />
must also c<strong>on</strong>tain nutrients. In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> 1990s, Dutch scientists<br />
set out <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> determine <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> necessary nutrient supply in water<br />
(primarily in drinking water). This nutrient package is called<br />
assimilable organic carb<strong>on</strong> (AOC) and is expressed in µg<br />
carb<strong>on</strong> equivalent per litre.<br />
The lower limit required for bacterial growth has been<br />
determined <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be an AOC <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 10 µg per litre. What does this<br />
mean in practice? If drinking water c<strong>on</strong>tains less than 10<br />
µg AOC per litre, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re are not enough nutrients. Over <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
course <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> time <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria living in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water will simply<br />
starve. In practice it has been determined that drinking<br />
water with an AOC c<strong>on</strong>tent <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 10 <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> around 50 µg/l may be<br />
classified as good, having <strong>on</strong>ly a small tendency <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> support<br />
bacterial growth.<br />
At <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Department <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Hydraulic Engineering, Industrial<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> Management and Preventi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> Polluti<strong>on</strong>,<br />
Agricultural University, Vienna, a bacteriological<br />
examinati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Original Grander ® <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> was recently<br />
c<strong>on</strong>ducted under <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> supervisi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Dr. Franziska Zibuschka.<br />
A water sample was bottled <strong>on</strong> January 17, 2000.<br />
This sample was tested <strong>on</strong> February 2, 2000. The examinati<strong>on</strong><br />
revealed an unheard-<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> AOC figure <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong>ly 1.8 µg<br />
carb<strong>on</strong> equivalent per litre, lower than ever before. Under<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s, bacterial growth is impossible and,<br />
as l<strong>on</strong>g as <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bottle is not opened, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water will keep<br />
virtually forever. The explanati<strong>on</strong> for this extremely low<br />
AOC figure is pin point formati<strong>on</strong> induced by revitalisati<strong>on</strong>.<br />
The pin points have c<strong>on</strong>sumed almost all <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> nutrients<br />
in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water, so that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bottled Original Grander ®<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> no l<strong>on</strong>ger tends <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>wards bacterial growth. The<br />
stability tests are now c<strong>on</strong>tinuing in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>ir sixth year.<br />
Original Grander ® water bottled in March 1994, although<br />
it has been kept at room temperature, remains bacteriologically<br />
pure, meeting all <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> parameters <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> chapter B<br />
17 <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> codex, “Table <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g>”.<br />
9
The Significance <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>Grander®</strong> Pin Point Formati<strong>on</strong> in Practical Applicati<strong>on</strong><br />
It is still impossible <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> foresee <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
ultimate significance <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ®<br />
pin point formati<strong>on</strong> in its final c<strong>on</strong>sequences.<br />
In any case, this technology<br />
makes it possible <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> bottle drinking water<br />
without <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> additi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> chemicals<br />
and <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>re it for years without loss<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> quality. Enormous drinking-water<br />
reservoirs, set aside for times <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> emergency,<br />
could be preserved in a bacteriologically<br />
stable state without <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> use<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> chemical additives. The same applies<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking-water supplies that<br />
are maintained for use aboard ships,<br />
planes, caravans or dining-cars.<br />
The implementati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander<br />
® <strong>Technology</strong> at public swimming-pools<br />
has dem<strong>on</strong>strated that<br />
pin points show substantially more<br />
sensitivity <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> chlorine than do “wild”<br />
bacteria. Thus it is possible <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> safely<br />
reduce <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> chlorine c<strong>on</strong>tent <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pool<br />
water <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> minimum limit <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> .3 mg<br />
chlorine per litre required by swimming-pool<br />
regulati<strong>on</strong>s.<br />
The implementati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> this technology<br />
in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> field <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> rainwater-recovery<br />
systems has led <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a reducti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fensive odours and <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> settling<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> particles suspended in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water.<br />
Above all, Grander ® pin points are<br />
highly capable <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> reducing unpleasant<br />
odours, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> cause <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> which is usually<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> activity <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> anaerobic bacteria.<br />
Evidently, oxygen c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s are improved<br />
by structural changes in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
water following revitalisati<strong>on</strong> with<br />
Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>, thus eliminating<br />
anaerobic c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s.<br />
In principle, a good source <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking water is also<br />
characterised by a low water temperature, which ideally<br />
lies between five and eight degrees Celsius. Because <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
this low temperature <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> few bacteria found in this water<br />
almost appear <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be dead. Of note is <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> sharp increase in<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>ir reproductive period, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> time a mo<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r cell takes <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
divide in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> two daughter cells. Under ideal circumstances<br />
– growing <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> best culture medium and at room temperature<br />
– this reproductive period takes about 20 minutes.<br />
In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> case <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking water at a temperature <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
six degrees Celsius <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> reproductive period increases <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
around 10 <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> 12 hours. The bacteria become more active<br />
<strong>on</strong>ly after <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water has been warmed <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> room temperature.<br />
The uniqueness <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Original Grander ® <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> lies in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
fact that it is possible <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>re this bottled water without<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> additi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> preservatives (i.e. carb<strong>on</strong>ic acid) for many<br />
years at room temperature, and it remains fit for c<strong>on</strong>sumpti<strong>on</strong>.<br />
C<strong>on</strong>tact Revitalisati<strong>on</strong> Using<br />
Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong><br />
Earlier we talked about a bottle c<strong>on</strong>taining Original<br />
Grander ® <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> being placed next <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a sealed bottle <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
water that had not been revitalised and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> fact that this<br />
c<strong>on</strong>tact brought about revitalisati<strong>on</strong> after <strong>on</strong>ly a few days.<br />
Pin point formati<strong>on</strong> was found in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water that had originally<br />
not been revitalised. Our experience is that c<strong>on</strong>tact<br />
with Original Grander ® <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> brings about revitalisati<strong>on</strong><br />
in a lessened, diluted form.<br />
This c<strong>on</strong>tact-revitalisati<strong>on</strong> represents <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> elemental<br />
and fundamental basic principle <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> mode <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> acti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong> equipment and all o<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r Grander ®<br />
products. Above all, bottling water using Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong><br />
equipment is far more effective in its functi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
transmitting informati<strong>on</strong> across wide distances and large<br />
surfaces. This high revitalisati<strong>on</strong> effect is also necessary,<br />
c<strong>on</strong>sidering that tap-water <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten passes through <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> equipment<br />
in <strong>on</strong>ly a fracti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a sec<strong>on</strong>d.<br />
For test purposes, we have removed Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong><br />
equipment from water lines, and with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> help<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin point method we tested how l<strong>on</strong>g it would take<br />
before <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> level <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalisati<strong>on</strong> dropped. Revitalisati<strong>on</strong><br />
slows down <strong>on</strong>ly after a period <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong>e <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> two m<strong>on</strong>ths.<br />
Evidently informati<strong>on</strong> is s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>red throughout <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> entire<br />
drinking-water system – a functi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> materials used<br />
in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pipework.<br />
This revitalisati<strong>on</strong> effect <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Original Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>,<br />
which also includes <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> surrounding area, sometimes<br />
creates difficulties in a research labora<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ry – especially if<br />
unrevitalised water is needed for purposes <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> comparis<strong>on</strong> and<br />
much <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> glass equipment being used has already been<br />
revitalised through c<strong>on</strong>tact.<br />
Summary<br />
The bacteriological tests that have been performed were intended<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> dem<strong>on</strong>strate that <strong>Grander®</strong> <strong>Technology</strong> brings<br />
about a bacteriological alterati<strong>on</strong> in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water. Evidently,<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> “wild” bacteria react <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> changed c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s brought<br />
about by <strong>Grander®</strong> <strong>Technology</strong> in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> form <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin<br />
point formati<strong>on</strong> described here and reduce <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> nutrient<br />
c<strong>on</strong>tent <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water. This leads <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a comprehensive palette<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> new and interesting qualities in water that has been<br />
revitalised with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> help <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>Grander®</strong> <strong>Technology</strong>.<br />
10
Biological Method for Proving <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Positive Alterati<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Heavy Metal Informati<strong>on</strong> in <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g>, Using <strong>Grander®</strong> Revitalisati<strong>on</strong><br />
The Phosphorescent<br />
Bacteria Test<br />
Johann Grander has said: “Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> works with natural energy. Because <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> this<br />
quality it is able <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> reverse <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> polarity <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> negative informati<strong>on</strong> so that it can no l<strong>on</strong>ger<br />
have a negative effect. It is possible <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> neutralise negative informati<strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong>ly by using energy<br />
and informati<strong>on</strong> that have come from nature itself.” The present work is an attempt <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
provide microbiological pro<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Johann Grander’s statement.<br />
In searching for biological test models <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> explain <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> positive<br />
alterati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pollutant informati<strong>on</strong> by Grander ®<br />
<strong>Technology</strong>, I c<strong>on</strong>centrated primarily <strong>on</strong> investigative<br />
methods that are generally accessible or whose procedures<br />
have been standardised. It was important <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> find a method<br />
that could be duplicated in any labora<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ry furnished with<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> proper equipment. This test report is an excerpt from a<br />
more comprehensive investigati<strong>on</strong>. Details <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> my testing<br />
methods may be obtained from me at any time.<br />
The American researcher A. A. Bulich established that<br />
phosphorescent bacteria are extremely sensitive. Even in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
presence <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> minute quantities <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>xic material <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent<br />
intensity is reduced. In 1979 it occurred <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> him that<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se bacteria might be used <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> determine <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>xicity <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> polluted<br />
water. He succeeded in measuring <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bioluminescence<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria.<br />
Summarised in a single paragraph, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> principle <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> measurement<br />
seems very “enlightening”: <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent<br />
bacterium radiates with full intensity when it is doing well. But<br />
in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> presence <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> even <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> smallest quantities <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>xic material<br />
it phosphoresces with diminished intensity. The difference in<br />
phosphorescent output can be measured.<br />
The Phosphorescent Bacteria Test<br />
– a Standardised Procedure<br />
In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> meantime, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent bacteria test has<br />
proved itself <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> such an extent that in 1991 <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> procedure was<br />
standardised. According <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> DIN 38412, Part 34, it is possible <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
test waste water using phosphorescent bacteria. Even though<br />
this norm was developed for pollutants in waste water, it is<br />
applicable <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> every o<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r kind <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> water as well, including<br />
drinking water, and even drainage water from dumps.<br />
Material and Method<br />
The phosphorescent bacteria used for testing were obtained<br />
from <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> firm Dr. Lange (where <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y are called LUMISmini).<br />
They are s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>red at a temperature <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> -18 degrees Celsius. With<br />
11
Bioluminescence<br />
Every<strong>on</strong>e is familiar with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> female firefly, who sets out<br />
at twilight <strong>on</strong> mild May evenings <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> attract male fireflies<br />
with her “lantern”. In some species, female fireflies<br />
(glow-worms) are incapable <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> flight. For that reas<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y<br />
climb <strong>on</strong><str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> blades <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> grass, sending out <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>ir characteristic<br />
greenish-yellow light. They do so in hope <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> attracting an<br />
airworthy male partner, who resp<strong>on</strong>ds with a light signal<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> his own.<br />
The aquatic phosphorescent bacteria <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> types called<br />
Pho<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>bacterium phosphoreum and Vibrio fischeri are found in<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> sea, where <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y broadcast a bluish fluorescent light<br />
with a wavelength <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 490 nanometres. This bioluminescence<br />
(light emissi<strong>on</strong> by an organism) is directly dependent<br />
<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> metabolic (variable) c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacterial<br />
cells. The emissi<strong>on</strong>s are particularly str<strong>on</strong>g when <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y<br />
are doing well.<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> reactivati<strong>on</strong> liquid, which is supplied at <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> same time,<br />
bacteria can be prepared for testing in <strong>on</strong>ly 15 minutes. Al<strong>on</strong>g<br />
with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se reactivated phosphorescent bacteria, tests are<br />
also performed <strong>on</strong> bacterial suspensi<strong>on</strong>s that are prepared<br />
in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> labora<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ry.<br />
This pho<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>graph <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent<br />
bacteria under a microscope shows<br />
that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re is luminescence outside<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> cell nucleus. The strength <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bioluminescence is a measure<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> positive metabolic c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria. Toxic substances reduce<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent output.<br />
In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> dark, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescence<br />
(bioluminescence) <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria<br />
can be observed particularly clearly<br />
with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> naked eye. With <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> additi<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> appropriate amount <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
salt, phosphorescent bacteria can<br />
be cultured <strong>on</strong> labora<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ry plates.<br />
That permits <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> producti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
fresh bacteria suspensi<strong>on</strong>s that<br />
show a particularly high sensitivity<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>xic substances.<br />
The Special Qualities <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Phosphorescent Bacteria<br />
• Bacteria in general, and marine bacteria in particular, are<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> oldest known living creatures, and yet <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y are evidently<br />
particularly sensitive <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> pollutant substances.<br />
• Phosphorescent bacteria usually react sensitively and<br />
quickly. This means that a measurement taken after <strong>on</strong>ly<br />
30 minutes <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten results in a definite c<strong>on</strong>clusi<strong>on</strong>.<br />
• Around <strong>on</strong>e milli<strong>on</strong> bacteria are used in a single phosphorescent<br />
bacteria test. This means <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> test examines <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
behaviour <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong>e milli<strong>on</strong> individual cells.<br />
• The phosphorescent bacteria test can be standardised<br />
using <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> methods <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> quality c<strong>on</strong>trol. This means that<br />
definite and comparable – and above all repeatable – results<br />
can be produced.<br />
Lab stati<strong>on</strong> for phosphorescent bacteria tests.<br />
In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> foreground are two LUMISmini pho<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>meters, behind <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>m a<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>rmoblock for maintaining <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> suspensi<strong>on</strong> at a fixed temperature.<br />
Measurements are taken in disposable glass bowls at<br />
15 degrees Celsius and at 21 degrees Celsius.<br />
The luminescence measurements are c<strong>on</strong>ducted using a<br />
measuring device from <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> firm Dr. Lange called LUMISmini<br />
Type LPG 298. Two kinds <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> measurement can be recorded<br />
with this device: <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> actual phosphorescent output, or <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
variati<strong>on</strong> (increase or reducti<strong>on</strong>) in phosphorescent output<br />
relative <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a pre-selected standard value. A single measurement<br />
takes about 10 sec<strong>on</strong>ds. In every experiment a standard<br />
sample c<strong>on</strong>sisting <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> unrevitalised natural drinking water<br />
c<strong>on</strong>taining 2 per cent sodium chloride is also tested.<br />
Detail <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a LUMISmeter with which <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent output<br />
(bioluminescence) <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a phosphorescent bacteria suspensi<strong>on</strong> can be<br />
measured. The instrument records <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> reducti<strong>on</strong> in phosphorescent<br />
output as a percentage compared with a standard value.<br />
12
The Test Method<br />
In this series <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> tests, unpolluted, n<strong>on</strong>-revitalised drinking<br />
water is c<strong>on</strong>taminated with heavy metals. Since <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se<br />
phosphorescent bacteria are marine creatures, it is necessary<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> add 2 per cent sodium <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water being tested. This<br />
water sample is <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>n divided in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> two equal parts. One part<br />
is revitalised by dipping a Grander ® Energy Rod in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> it for<br />
about 10 sec<strong>on</strong>ds; <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> sec<strong>on</strong>d part remains unrevitalised.<br />
Thus <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> compositi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> both water samples is completely<br />
identical. Revitalisati<strong>on</strong> with a Grander ® Energy Rod (filled<br />
with Grander ® Informati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g>) nei<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r adds anything<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water nor removes anything from it. Both water<br />
samples are <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>n subjected <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent bacteria<br />
test. The bacterial suspensi<strong>on</strong> used for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> test is distributed<br />
in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> same quantity and c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong> in both test series,<br />
and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent output is measured at <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> same<br />
temperature and after <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> same period <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> time. This is <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
basic c<strong>on</strong>cept for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> test series.<br />
Phosphorescent Bacteria Test <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> with Lead C<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
between .0625 and 1 mg/l<br />
N<strong>on</strong>-revitalised drinking water with a lead c<strong>on</strong>tent below<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> analytically detectable level <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 0.01 mg/l l was mixed in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
labora<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ry with lead salt (lead nitrate), so that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> following<br />
c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s were achieved: 0.0625 mg/l, 0.125 mg/l, 0.25<br />
mg/l, 0.5 mg/l and 1.0 mg/l.<br />
The highest c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong> permitted in drinking water<br />
lies at present at around 0.05 mg/l. Thus <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water samples<br />
tested here would have been, with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> excepti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> first<br />
sample, c<strong>on</strong>sidered unpotable.<br />
Results<br />
The beams below <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> 0%-line <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> ordinate represent<br />
inhibiti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent output, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> beams above<br />
an increase in phosphorescent output – a result <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ®<br />
revitalisati<strong>on</strong>. These increases in phosphorescent output occur<br />
in c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s below 0.25 mg lead per litre <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking water.<br />
Evidently, this is a catalytic effect <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> biological process<br />
resp<strong>on</strong>sible for phosphorescent output.<br />
The chart indicates <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> effect <strong>on</strong> n<strong>on</strong>-revitalised water<br />
after a period <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 30 minutes. A c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 0.0625 mg<br />
lead per litre <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking water experiences no significant<br />
reducti<strong>on</strong> in phosphorescent output. At a c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
0.125 mg lead per litre <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> reducti<strong>on</strong> is 6%, while at a c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 0.25 mg lead per litre <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re is a 10% reducti<strong>on</strong>. At<br />
c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 0.5 mg lead per litre <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> reducti<strong>on</strong> is 33%,<br />
and at a c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 1.0 mg lead per litre it is 52%.<br />
After a wait <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 60 minutes, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> comparative values are -3%,<br />
-5%, -19%, -43% and -62%.<br />
The chart also indicates <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> effect <strong>on</strong> Grander ® revitalised<br />
water after a period <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 30 minutes. At a c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 0.0625 mg per litre <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking water, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re is an actual<br />
increase in phosphorescent output <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 32%. At a c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 0.125 mg/l <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> increase is 14%, and at 0.25 mg/l<br />
Lead in Drinking <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
30-minute durati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> acti<strong>on</strong> – freshly cultured phosphorescent bacteria<br />
Grander ® revitalised<br />
unrevitalised<br />
reducti<strong>on</strong> or increase in %<br />
40%<br />
30%<br />
20%<br />
10%<br />
0%<br />
10%<br />
32%<br />
0%<br />
14%<br />
6%<br />
7%<br />
10%<br />
1%<br />
20%<br />
17%<br />
30%<br />
40%<br />
50%<br />
60%<br />
0.0625 mg/l 0.125 mg/l 0.25 mg/l 0.5 mg/l 1.0 mg/l<br />
33%<br />
52%<br />
C<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
13
Lead in Drinking <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
60-minute durati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> acti<strong>on</strong> – freshly cultured phosphorescent bacteria<br />
Grander ® revitalised<br />
unrevitalised<br />
reducti<strong>on</strong> or increase in %<br />
20%<br />
10%<br />
0%<br />
10%<br />
20%<br />
30%<br />
10%<br />
3%<br />
1%<br />
5% 5%<br />
19%<br />
15%<br />
40%<br />
50%<br />
60%<br />
70%<br />
43% 44%<br />
0.0625 mg/l 0.125 mg/l 0.25 mg/l 0.5 mg/l 1.0 mg/l<br />
62%<br />
C<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
around 7%. A small reducti<strong>on</strong> occurs at a lead c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 0.5 mg/l with -1%; at a c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 1.0 mg/l <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
reducti<strong>on</strong> is -17%.<br />
After a wait <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 60 minutes, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> comparative values are<br />
+10%, +1%, -5%, -15% and -44%<br />
Significant Differences<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> N<strong>on</strong>-revitalised <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
These test results show significant differences between<br />
water revitalised with Grander ® and n<strong>on</strong>-revitalised water<br />
when both c<strong>on</strong>tain similar c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> lead.<br />
The values reached after 30 minutes are particularly interesting,<br />
while those reached after 60 minutes do not represent<br />
as significant a difference. This, however, does not mean that<br />
Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> is less effective, but ra<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> effect<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pois<strong>on</strong> is time dependent.<br />
In lead-c<strong>on</strong>taining water that has been revitalised using<br />
Grander ® technology, after 30 minutes c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
up <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> 0.5 mg lead per litre <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking water show practically<br />
no reducti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent output. Not until a<br />
value <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 1.0 mg per litre is an effect <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> -17% recorded. In<br />
n<strong>on</strong>-revitalised water a reducti<strong>on</strong> is already recorded at a<br />
c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 0.125 mg per litre and reaches -52% at 1.0<br />
mg per litre.<br />
Phosphorescent Bacteria Tests<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> with Mercury C<strong>on</strong>tent<br />
between 0.0007 and 0.07 mg/l<br />
N<strong>on</strong>-revitalised drinking water with a mercury c<strong>on</strong>tent<br />
below <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> analytically detectable level <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> .0005 mg/l was<br />
mixed with a mercury salt (mercury II sulphate) so that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
following c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s were achieved: 0.0007 mg/l, 0.0035<br />
mg/l, 0.007 mg/l, 0.035 mg/l and 0.07 mg/l. The highest c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> mercury currently permitted in drinking water<br />
Results in Samples C<strong>on</strong>taining Mercury<br />
0.0007 mg Hg/l 0.0035 mg Hg/l 0.007 Hg/l 0.035 mg Hg/l 0.07 mg Hg/l<br />
unrevitalised 0% –10% –18% –51% –89%<br />
Grander ® revitalised -42% +28% +17% +13% –35%<br />
50-minute durati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> acti<strong>on</strong> – freshly cultured phosphorescent bacteria (1 ml sample + 0.4 ml bacterial suspensi<strong>on</strong>).<br />
14
Mercury in Drinking <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
50-minute durati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> acti<strong>on</strong> – freshly cultured phosphorescent bacteria<br />
Grander ® revitalised<br />
unrevitalised<br />
reducti<strong>on</strong> or increase in %<br />
60%<br />
40%<br />
20%<br />
0%<br />
20%<br />
40%<br />
42%<br />
0%<br />
28%<br />
10%<br />
17%<br />
18%<br />
13%<br />
35%<br />
60%<br />
51%<br />
80%<br />
100%<br />
0.0007 mg/l 0.0035 mg/l 0.007 mg/l 0.035 mg/l 0.07 mg/l<br />
89%<br />
C<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
is 0.001 mg/l. Thus <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water samples that were tested were,<br />
with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> excepti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> first sample, were n<strong>on</strong>potable.<br />
Results<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>An</str<strong>on</strong>g> increase in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent output <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® -<br />
revitalised water samples was found at low c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
lead and cadmium as well The chart shows <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> results after 50<br />
minutes. Compared with lead, mercury is substantially more<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>xic <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent bacteria, or <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> reverse <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> statement:<br />
phosphorescent bacteria are substantially more sensitive <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
mercury in soluti<strong>on</strong> than <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y are <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> lead.<br />
In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> sample that had underg<strong>on</strong>e Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong>,<br />
an increase in phosphorescent output was seen in c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> up <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> .035 mg/l. Not until c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
0.07 mg/l and higher was <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re a reducti<strong>on</strong> in phosphorescent<br />
output <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> around -35% in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalised sample as well.<br />
In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> unrevitalised water c<strong>on</strong>taining mercury <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re<br />
was a small reducti<strong>on</strong> already at 0.0035 mg/l. The biggest<br />
difference between <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® revitalised sample and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
unrevitalised sample was at a c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 0.035 mg/l.<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>An</str<strong>on</strong>g> increase in phosphorescent output <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> around +13% was<br />
seen in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalised sample; in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> unrevitalised sample <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
reducti<strong>on</strong> was -51%.<br />
Phosphorescent Bacteria Test<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> with Cadmium<br />
C<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s between<br />
0.005 and 0.25 mg/l<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>An</str<strong>on</strong>g>alogously <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> previous tests, cadmium-free drinking<br />
water was mixed with cadmium i<strong>on</strong>s in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> form <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cadmium<br />
chloride m<strong>on</strong>ohydrate, so that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s 0.005 mg/l,<br />
0.01 mg/l, 0.05 mg/l, 0.1 mg/l and 0.25 mg/l were reached. The<br />
present maximum permissible c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cadmium in<br />
drinking water is 0.005 mg/l.<br />
Results in Samples C<strong>on</strong>taining Cadmium<br />
0.005 mg Cd/l 0.01 mg Cd/l 0.05 Cd/l 0.1 mg Cd/l 0.25 mg Cd/l<br />
unrevitalised 11% –20% –31% –38% –53%<br />
Grander ® revitalised +21% +11% –7% –20% –47%<br />
60-minute durati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> acti<strong>on</strong> – freshly cultured phosphorescent bacteria (1 ml sample + 0.4 ml bacterial suspensi<strong>on</strong>).<br />
15
Cadmium in Drinking <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
60-minute durati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> acti<strong>on</strong> – freshly cultured phosphorescent bacteria<br />
Grander ® revitalised<br />
unrevitalised<br />
reducti<strong>on</strong> or increase in %<br />
30%<br />
20%<br />
10%<br />
0%<br />
10%<br />
20%<br />
21%<br />
11%<br />
11%<br />
20%<br />
7%<br />
20%<br />
30%<br />
40%<br />
31%<br />
38%<br />
50%<br />
60%<br />
0.005 mg/l 0.01 mg/l 0.05 mg/l 0.1 mg/l 0.25 mg/l<br />
47%<br />
53%<br />
C<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
Results<br />
The phosphorescent bacteria display a sensitivity <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
cadmium i<strong>on</strong>s that is greater than in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> case <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> lead i<strong>on</strong>s<br />
but not as high as in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> case <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> mercury i<strong>on</strong>s. The greatest<br />
difference between Grander ® -revitalised and unrevitalised<br />
water c<strong>on</strong>taining cadmium is evident at c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
0.005 mg/l, 0.01 mg/l and 0.05 mg/l. No significant difference<br />
between <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® -revitalised and unrevitalised<br />
samples was measured at 0.25 mg/l. This c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong> is<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>o high for Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> result in a reducti<strong>on</strong><br />
in <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>xicity <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent bacteria.<br />
The Statistics <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>An</str<strong>on</strong>g>alysis Method<br />
Ring tests reveal that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> coefficient <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> variati<strong>on</strong> –<br />
depending <strong>on</strong> what is being measured – varies between<br />
6% and 16%. In measuring <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> same heavy metals and in 10<br />
individual measurements under completely identical c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> deviati<strong>on</strong> was <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> order <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ±5%.<br />
In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent bacteria test it has become established<br />
practice that reducti<strong>on</strong>s amounting <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> less than 20%<br />
are not <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> subject <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> fur<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r discussi<strong>on</strong>. In such cases <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> test<br />
medium is c<strong>on</strong>sidered <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> low <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>xicity. This is also taken<br />
in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> account in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> test results presented here. Specifically:<br />
differences <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> less than 20% are not c<strong>on</strong>sidered <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be particularly<br />
meaningful.<br />
What Is <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Meaning <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Test Results and How Should<br />
They Be Used?<br />
The three “most hazardous” heavy metals in drinking<br />
water (lead, cadmium and mercury) were examined in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Reducti<strong>on</strong> in Phosphorescent Output according <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> Koller-Kreiml and Rodinger, 1987<br />
% <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> reducti<strong>on</strong> after 30 minutes durati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> acti<strong>on</strong> Assessment<br />
under 10%<br />
insignificant reducti<strong>on</strong><br />
10% - 40% moderately str<strong>on</strong>g reducti<strong>on</strong><br />
40% - 60% str<strong>on</strong>g reducti<strong>on</strong><br />
60% - 90% very str<strong>on</strong>g reducti<strong>on</strong><br />
over 90%<br />
complete eliminati<strong>on</strong><br />
16
phosphorescent bacteria test and significant reducti<strong>on</strong> differences<br />
between unrevitalised and Grander ® -revitalised water<br />
were established. After eliminati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> all sources <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> error,<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se differences were attributed <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a positive informati<strong>on</strong><br />
change caused by Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>.<br />
By no means should <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se first results be used <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
promote Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> as a method for lowering<br />
“heavy metal polluti<strong>on</strong>”. Since Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong><br />
equipment is used in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> field <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking water <strong>on</strong>ly when<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water is potable, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re is no fundamental reas<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> even<br />
c<strong>on</strong>sider it for such a use.<br />
The phosphorescent bacteria test is an interesting biological<br />
test model for establishing informati<strong>on</strong> changes. Many<br />
additi<strong>on</strong>al tests will be necessary in future. For when a positive<br />
informati<strong>on</strong> change has been established, this change will<br />
apply not <strong>on</strong>ly <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> heavy metal c<strong>on</strong>tent <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking<br />
water but will be generally applicable <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> all o<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r c<strong>on</strong>tents<br />
within a certain level <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>.<br />
For example, when nitrate c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> up <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> 500<br />
mg/l were tested, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent bacteria always reacted<br />
with an increase in phosphorescent output. Nitrates are evidently<br />
food sources for phosphorescent bacteria. Nitrates are<br />
also ubiqui<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>us in seawater. Thus this result should come as<br />
no surprise.<br />
Summary<br />
With <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> help <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> phosphorescent bacteria tests standardised<br />
according <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> DIN, this highly sensitive biological model<br />
was used for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> first time <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> examine <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> questi<strong>on</strong>:<br />
Can a positive alterati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pollutant informati<strong>on</strong> as a<br />
direct result <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> using Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> be scientifically<br />
established?<br />
In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> case <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking water samples that were artificially<br />
polluted with lead, mercury and cadmium, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> inhibiti<strong>on</strong><br />
was significantly smaller in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® -revitalised water<br />
at lower c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s than in unrevitalised water.<br />
Despite <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se results, however, Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong><br />
should not be used in an attempt <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> remove <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>xins from<br />
water c<strong>on</strong>taining heavy metals.<br />
The experiment c<strong>on</strong>firmed that phosphorescent bacteria<br />
are well suited for use in such examinati<strong>on</strong>s. The research<br />
work will be extended <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a large number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> o<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r pollutants<br />
found in drinking water in order <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> fur<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r c<strong>on</strong>firm<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> correctness <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> findings.<br />
Reference <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> Fur<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r Reading<br />
• Bulich, A. A. Use <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Luminescent Bacteria for Determining Toxicity in Aquatic Envir<strong>on</strong>ments, in: L. L. Marking, R. A. Kimerle: Aquatic Toxicology, ASTM STP, American Society for<br />
Testing and Materials, vol. 667, pages 98-106, (1979)<br />
• Dannenberg, R.: <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> - Waste <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g>, 135 no. 8, 475-480 (1994)<br />
• Kaiser, K. L., Palabrica, V. S., Pho<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>bacterium Phosphoreum Toxicity Data Index. <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> Polluti<strong>on</strong> Research Journal <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Canada, 26, 361-431 (1991)<br />
• Koller-Kreiml, V. and Rodinger, W., Aquatische Toxizität - ein wichtiges Kriterium zur Beurteilung v<strong>on</strong> Substanzen in Abwässern (Emissi<strong>on</strong>en) sowie zur Feststellung der <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>xischen<br />
Beeinträchtigung v<strong>on</strong> Oberflächengewässern (Immissi<strong>on</strong>en). Wasser und Abwasser 31 413-432 (1987)<br />
• Coleman R. M., Qureshi, A. A. Micro<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>x: Reserved and Spirillum Volutans Tests for Accessing Toxicity and Envir<strong>on</strong>mental Samples. B. Env. C<strong>on</strong>tam. and Tox. 35, 443-451 (1985)<br />
• Nohava, M. “Der Leuchtbakterientest in der Umweltk<strong>on</strong>trolle.” Untersuchungsbericht des Umweltbundesamtes UBA-1994-0909, February 1994, page 21.<br />
17
<strong>Grander®</strong> <strong>Technology</strong> Improves <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
The Preservati<strong>on</strong> Qualities<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Drinking <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
My article “<str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> for Eternity”, which was published in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander Journal, vol. 1, 1999,<br />
(pages 42-47), provides additi<strong>on</strong>al informati<strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong> this <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>pic. Here I present <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> most important<br />
findings <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> that report, al<strong>on</strong>g with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> most recent test results.<br />
Pho<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>s: Dr. Felsch<br />
Chapter B17 <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Austrian codex <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> food regulati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
pertains anytime drinking water is bottled and <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fered<br />
for sale in Austria. It establishes that a bottle<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> water has <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> meet <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> following guideline figures 12 hours<br />
after it has been freshly filled:<br />
• max. 100 CFU/ml at 22° Celsius / 72 hours incubati<strong>on</strong> time and<br />
• max. 20 CFU/ml at 37° Celsius / 24 hours incubati<strong>on</strong> time.<br />
The most important requirement, however, is that in a<br />
250 ml water sample <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re must be no microbes harmful <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
health (<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se are prohibited by law).This specifically relates<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> Escherichia coli, coliform bacteria, enterococcus bacteria,<br />
Pseudom<strong>on</strong>as aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. In additi<strong>on</strong>,<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> level <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> sulfite-reduced clostridia in 50 ml <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> water must<br />
be undetectable.<br />
These regulati<strong>on</strong>s establish requirements for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> quality<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> bottled table water; <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re are separate requirements<br />
for mineral water. Austrian law was adapted <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> European<br />
Uni<strong>on</strong> law in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Federal Law Gazette 309 <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 1999, which was<br />
published <strong>on</strong> January 13, 2000. A c<strong>on</strong>sumer, <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> course, almost<br />
never has a bottle that was filled <strong>on</strong>ly 12 hours earlier. Usually<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water has been <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> shelf for some time before it arrives<br />
<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>sumer’s table. What guidelines apply <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se<br />
water samples, which are usually somewhat older? Chapter<br />
B17 <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> codex has nothing <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> say about this. Publicati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
that address this field permit guideline figures <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> up <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> 1000<br />
CFU/ml if <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> microbes that are harmful <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> health, as menti<strong>on</strong>ed<br />
earlier, are absent. Here something clearly needs <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be<br />
d<strong>on</strong>e <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> protect c<strong>on</strong>sumers.<br />
The Problem <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Later Germinati<strong>on</strong><br />
As a reminder: for micro-organisms <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> survive in drinking<br />
water, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water must c<strong>on</strong>tain nutrients. This nutrient<br />
package is called AOC (assimilable organic carb<strong>on</strong>) and is<br />
expressed in µg carb<strong>on</strong> equivalent per litre. The lower limit<br />
needed for bacterial growth has been determined <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be an<br />
AOC <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 10 µg per litre; this is <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> AOC value below which<br />
bacteria cannot reproduce.<br />
In producing and bottling table water, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> germinati<strong>on</strong><br />
problem would be solved if <strong>on</strong>ly water samples with an AOC<br />
c<strong>on</strong>tent <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> less than 10 µg per litre were used. However, such<br />
water samples are ra<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r rare. Even very good drinking water<br />
usually has a higher AOC c<strong>on</strong>tent.<br />
What is d<strong>on</strong>e in practice <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> solve this problem? Carb<strong>on</strong>ic<br />
acid is added, which lowers <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pH <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> less than 5, thus inhib-<br />
18
iting <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> reproducti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> aquatic pseudom<strong>on</strong>ads. C<strong>on</strong>sumers<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten find that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> additi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> this preservative gives water a<br />
particularly tingling and refreshing taste. The actual taste <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water, however, is hardly discernible.<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> Is Less Perishable with<br />
Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong><br />
Countless tests have shown that Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>,<br />
without <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> use <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> additives or o<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r measures, is capable <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
stabilising and permanently preserving drinking water even<br />
at room temperature. Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong> leads <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a<br />
breakdown <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> organic nutrient sources in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water. One <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> effects <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> is that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> AOC c<strong>on</strong>tent<br />
in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water is quickly broken down, thus preventing <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
growth <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> microbes in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water.<br />
How Can <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Nutrient<br />
Breakdown Be Explained?<br />
It would appear that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> nutrients s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>red in n<strong>on</strong>-revitalised<br />
drinking water are less attractive <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria. Even if <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
temperature <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> source water is raised from eight degrees<br />
Celsius <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> 25 degrees Celsius, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria do not become<br />
substantially more active. A rise in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> microbe count from<br />
5 CFU/ml <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> 140 CFU/ml within a m<strong>on</strong>th had almost no effect<br />
<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> AOC c<strong>on</strong>tent.<br />
The Grander ® pin points, <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> o<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r hand, are substantially<br />
more active, and lower <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> AOC c<strong>on</strong>tent by 90%. Following<br />
proximity revitalisati<strong>on</strong> using Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>,<br />
micro-organisms c<strong>on</strong>tained in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water begin <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> alter <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>ir<br />
behaviour. Suddenly <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> food supply in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water appears <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
become very usable by <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points that have developed in<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> interim. The pin points react by multiplying sharply and<br />
c<strong>on</strong>suming all <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> available food. Thereafter, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points enter<br />
an inactive phase and assume <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> functi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a “surveillance<br />
Filled <strong>on</strong> March 13, 1994, this<br />
bottle is now six years old.<br />
Meanwhile, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> date <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> manufacture<br />
is being printed <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
bottles, with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> expiry date<br />
given as two years later, but this<br />
could be extended <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> six years.<br />
The advice “s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>re in a cool<br />
place” is no l<strong>on</strong>ger necessary.<br />
Breakdown <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Organic Food Sources<br />
The following experiment serves <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> explain <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> phenomen<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> rapid breakdown <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> AOC:<br />
Three samples were taken from a drinking-water<br />
source known <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> high quality:<br />
• The first sample (unrevitalised) was immediately sent in<br />
a cooled state <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a health institute in order <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> determine<br />
its bacteriological quality.<br />
• The sec<strong>on</strong>d sample (unrevitalised) was sent <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> ano<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r<br />
university institute, which was asked <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> determine its<br />
AOC c<strong>on</strong>tent.<br />
• The third sample was divided and placed in two sterilised<br />
glass bottles.<br />
• One glass bottle was s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>red in such a way that it did<br />
not come in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>tact with <strong>Grander®</strong> <strong>Technology</strong>.<br />
• The sec<strong>on</strong>d bottle was placed next <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a bottle <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Original<br />
<strong>Grander®</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> and c<strong>on</strong>tact-revitalised.<br />
These two samples underwent bacteriological testing at<br />
<strong>on</strong>e-week intervals and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> col<strong>on</strong>y forming<br />
units (CFU) was determined.<br />
After <strong>on</strong>e m<strong>on</strong>th all <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> test results were available:<br />
• First sample: <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> health institute found a <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>tal microbe<br />
level <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 5 CFU/ml after 72 hours at 22 degrees Celsius. At<br />
37 degrees Celsius <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> level <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> CFU/ml was undetectable.<br />
The tests <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> determine <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> level <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> harmful microbes<br />
found n<strong>on</strong>e at all.<br />
• Sec<strong>on</strong>d sample: <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> AOC c<strong>on</strong>tent was found <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be 125<br />
µg organic carb<strong>on</strong> per litre.<br />
• The unrevitalised sample s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>red at room temperature<br />
for <strong>on</strong>e m<strong>on</strong>th showed a microbe increase from<br />
5 CFU/ml (starting-point) <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> 140 CFU/ml.<br />
• In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> first week, massive pin point formati<strong>on</strong> was<br />
found in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>tact-revitalised <strong>Grander®</strong> sample.<br />
In <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> sec<strong>on</strong>d week, 1,500 pin points per ml were<br />
counted. Starting in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> third week, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> number <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin<br />
points began <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> fall. After four weeks fewer than 10 pin<br />
points were detected.<br />
AOC determinati<strong>on</strong>s were c<strong>on</strong>ducted again <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
revitalised and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> unrevitalised samples (both four weeks<br />
old) producing <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> following results:<br />
• Drinking water sample, unrevitalised, s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>red <strong>on</strong>e<br />
m<strong>on</strong>th at room temperature: AOC c<strong>on</strong>tent <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 120 µg/l<br />
– representing a drop <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 4%.<br />
• Drinking water, Grander ® -revitalised, s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>red <strong>on</strong>e m<strong>on</strong>th<br />
at room temperature: AOC c<strong>on</strong>tent <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 12 µg/l – representing<br />
a drop <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 90%.<br />
19
The Course <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Col<strong>on</strong>y Formati<strong>on</strong> in Revitalised and Unrevitalised <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
microbe count<br />
700<br />
600<br />
500<br />
400<br />
300<br />
200<br />
100<br />
0<br />
650<br />
390<br />
350<br />
200<br />
190<br />
210<br />
180<br />
160<br />
100<br />
25 14 10 5 0<br />
0<br />
Days 0 3 5 13 20 30<br />
mo<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r col<strong>on</strong>ies pin points unrevitalised water<br />
Let us look first at <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> red curve:<br />
The drinking water used in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> test had an initial value <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 25 CFU/ml. After <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water was<br />
allowed <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> stand for three days at room temperature, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>tal microbe count was 160.<br />
According <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking-water regulati<strong>on</strong>s, this water would be <strong>on</strong>ly c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>ally potable. The<br />
microbe count rose in two additi<strong>on</strong>al days <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> 200 and after 30 days <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>rage had reached<br />
210 CFU per ml. Thus in 30 days <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>tal microbe count in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> unrevitalised drinking water<br />
rose by a fac<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>r <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> eight.<br />
Let us look now at <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> blue and green curves:<br />
Part <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water menti<strong>on</strong>ed was subjected <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalisati<strong>on</strong> in a parallel revitalisati<strong>on</strong> experiment,<br />
in which <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> so-called Grander ® Energy Rod was placed for about 10 sec<strong>on</strong>ds in a<br />
volume <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 500 ml water and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>n removed. (The rod, <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> course, had been sterilised.)<br />
Five days after this revitalisati<strong>on</strong>, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> number <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points had risen <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> 650. The “wild”<br />
col<strong>on</strong>ies had dropped <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> 10. After this maximum, both <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> “wild”<br />
col<strong>on</strong>ies declined. After 20 days <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> “wild” col<strong>on</strong>ies had dropped <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> zero;<br />
after 30 days no pin points were detected.<br />
troop”. This troop immediately reactivates when nutrients<br />
appear. This is proved by <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> following experiment. A single<br />
drop <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> sterile bouill<strong>on</strong> soluti<strong>on</strong> is added <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® -revitalised<br />
drinking water with an AOC c<strong>on</strong>tent <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 12 µg/l. This soluti<strong>on</strong><br />
is s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>red for two days at room temperature. A microbe<br />
count will <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>n reveal <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> following results: about 12,000 pin<br />
points have formed <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> membrane filter after an incubati<strong>on</strong><br />
period <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 72 hours at 22 degrees Celsius. Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong><br />
and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> high activity <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se pin points thus guarantee<br />
complete natural purity <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water.<br />
Mode <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Acti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ®<br />
<strong>Technology</strong> in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Bacteriological<br />
Stabilisati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Drinking <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
The previous experiment was based <strong>on</strong> a closed system:<br />
for example, drinking water that has been bottled so that<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re can be no fur<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r additi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> nutrients or pollutants.<br />
Revitalisati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> water samples in closed systems will result<br />
in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> l<strong>on</strong>g-term stability, as described.<br />
But what is <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> situati<strong>on</strong> in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> case <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> open systems, such<br />
as drinking-water pipes? Here fresh quantities <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> water are<br />
flowing through <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalisati<strong>on</strong> equipment, c<strong>on</strong>stantly<br />
bringing new nutrient materials with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>m.<br />
Experience has shown that over <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> course <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> about two<br />
m<strong>on</strong>ths after Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> has been installed, an<br />
equilibrium is reached. The number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points settles<br />
down <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a value that is dependent <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> AOC c<strong>on</strong>tent <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
drinking water. As was already menti<strong>on</strong>ed in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> previous<br />
chapter <strong>on</strong> pin point formati<strong>on</strong>, within about two m<strong>on</strong>ths<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> installati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalisati<strong>on</strong> equipment in a drinkingwater<br />
pipe, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> entire system <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pipes will also have been<br />
revitalised. This is most likely a c<strong>on</strong>tributing fac<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>r <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
good revitalisati<strong>on</strong> results achieved in practice. In stagnant<br />
water <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> activity is <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten even more intense. More pin points<br />
are usually found <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re than in samples <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> flowing drinking<br />
water.<br />
Original Grander ® <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> -<br />
Found <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> Keep for Six Years<br />
The sample bottle <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Original Grander ® <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>cerned<br />
was bottled <strong>on</strong> March 13, 1994, and has been s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>redat room<br />
temperature for use in l<strong>on</strong>g-term stability tests.<br />
Only four weeks after <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bottle was filled – mid-April 1994<br />
– <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>tal microbe count <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water had fallen <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> an undetectable<br />
level, and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> microbe count has not changed <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> this day.<br />
Microbes harmful <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> health have never been present. Thus even<br />
after six years, this Original Grander ® <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> meets <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> standards<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> chapter B 17 <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Austrian codex <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> health regulati<strong>on</strong>s. In<br />
additi<strong>on</strong>, samples have been taken since 1994 <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> every batch in<br />
order <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> test its state <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> preservati<strong>on</strong>. This individual bottle is not<br />
unique in its capacity <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> keep for many years; this property has<br />
been c<strong>on</strong>firmed by many o<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r sample analyses.<br />
Summary<br />
This report is intended <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> dem<strong>on</strong>strate <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> significance<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> preservati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking<br />
water. With <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> excepti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong>, I am<br />
aware <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> no process that is capable <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> preserving drinking<br />
water without <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> additi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> chemicals or <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> implementati<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> physical measures. The preservati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking<br />
water is probably <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> most important task facing us in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
new millennium.<br />
20
How L<strong>on</strong>g Is Original Grander ® Revitalisati<strong>on</strong> Equipment Effective?<br />
The Active Life-Span <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Grander ® Revitalisers<br />
The product descripti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ® water revitalisati<strong>on</strong> equipment states <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> following: Grander<br />
® revitalisati<strong>on</strong> equipment operates with natural energy, without electricity,<br />
without additives and is maintenance and service free. This raises <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> questi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> how l<strong>on</strong>g<br />
Grander ® equipment, which has no replacement parts and is “<strong>on</strong>ly” filled with<br />
Grander ® Informati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g>, remains effective?<br />
To answer this questi<strong>on</strong>, an effectiveness test was performed<br />
<strong>on</strong> Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong> equipment, some<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> which was more than 10 years old. Pin point formati<strong>on</strong><br />
was chosen as a method <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> establishing pro<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>.<br />
One method for determining <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> effectiveness <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander<br />
® <strong>Technology</strong> is by m<strong>on</strong>i<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ring pin point formati<strong>on</strong>. The<br />
pin point method determines whe<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water structure<br />
altered by Grander ® <strong>Technology</strong> is capable <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> effecting “wild”<br />
col<strong>on</strong>ies in such a way that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>ir appearance changes <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> that<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points. The advantages <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> this method are tw<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>old:<br />
first, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalisati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> living organisms – namely, bacteria<br />
– can be measured; sec<strong>on</strong>d, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin point analysis can<br />
be c<strong>on</strong>ducted al<strong>on</strong>g <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> lines <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> standardised and generally<br />
recognised bacteriological methods.<br />
Pho<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>s: Dr. Felsch<br />
Up <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> now, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re has been no method capable <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> measuring<br />
informati<strong>on</strong> transmissi<strong>on</strong> directly. Thus it has not<br />
been possible <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> determine <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> effectiveness <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ®<br />
revitalisati<strong>on</strong> equipment using ei<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r electric or electr<strong>on</strong>ic<br />
instruments.<br />
The Developmental His<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ry <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Grander ® Revitalisati<strong>on</strong> Equipment<br />
The first equipment <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> this kind (1989-1993) c<strong>on</strong>sisted <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
b<strong>on</strong>ded plastic pipes suitable for drinking water with external<br />
brass cartridges filled with Grander ® Informati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g>.<br />
Since 1994 Original Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong> equipment<br />
has been manufactured in an integrated unit c<strong>on</strong>structi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
stainless steel. There are no l<strong>on</strong>ger external brass cartridges<br />
but ra<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r internal chambers filled with Original Grander ®<br />
Informati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g>.<br />
21
Col<strong>on</strong>y Forming<br />
Units in<br />
N<strong>on</strong>-revitalised <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
1 ml <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> undiluted liquid was<br />
drawn through a membrane<br />
filter impermeable <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria<br />
(pore size .45 µm, with counting<br />
grid). This was <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>n incubated<br />
<strong>on</strong> standard nutrient agar with<br />
added TTC at 22 degrees Celsius.<br />
N<strong>on</strong>-revitalised water from St Ulrich am Pillersee.<br />
Sample <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> March 22, 2000. 3 CFU/ml.<br />
After 48 hours <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> incubati<strong>on</strong>, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> “wild” col<strong>on</strong>ies<br />
have reached <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>ir full size. The water has not been<br />
revitalised (no pin points).<br />
Descripti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Effectiveness Test<br />
All <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> equipment tested had been used in practical<br />
applicati<strong>on</strong>s; that means that until its testing it was installed<br />
in drinking-water pipes. After being dismantled, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> equipment<br />
was brought <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> labora<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ry.<br />
• The test began <strong>on</strong> March 22, 2000.<br />
• The dismantled Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong> equipment was first<br />
rinsed with scalding hot, n<strong>on</strong>-revitalised water in order <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
cleanse it <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> any attached impurities and <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> remove any<br />
airborne microbes that might have entered <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> equipment<br />
pipes during dismantling or transport.<br />
• After <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> equipment had been cooled, n<strong>on</strong>-revitalised<br />
drinking water (from St Ulrich am Pillersee) was run through<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> equipment for 25 sec<strong>on</strong>ds at a rate <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 1 l/s.<br />
• Afterwards, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> equipment that had been filled with this<br />
water was allowed <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> stand for 15 minutes. This method was<br />
chosen because it reflects household practice and simulates<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> typical practice <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> water usage.<br />
• When <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> 15 minutes were over, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water that remained<br />
in each revitaliser was poured in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a sterilised 400-ml beaker<br />
where <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> volume was determined. The results were as<br />
follows:<br />
Revitalisers made in 1989, blue plastic pipe: 223 ml<br />
Revitalisers made in 1991, green plastic pipe: 225 ml<br />
Revitalisers made in 1997, stainless steel: 387 ml<br />
• These beakers were <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>n sealed and s<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>red in such a way<br />
that proximity revitalisati<strong>on</strong> by Grander ® equipment or<br />
Original Grander ® drinking water was impossible.<br />
• At <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> same time, in order <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> arrive at a base bacteriological<br />
value, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> n<strong>on</strong>-revitalised water from St Ulrich was subjected<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteriological examinati<strong>on</strong>. This n<strong>on</strong>-revitalised<br />
water was also poured in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a 400-ml beaker and allowed <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
stand.<br />
• The first bacteriological examinati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> individual beakers<br />
was made after 24 hours and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> sec<strong>on</strong>d after 48 hours<br />
(<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se are depicted above).<br />
Results <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Effective Period Tests<br />
When <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> results <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin point tests are compared, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
following c<strong>on</strong>clusi<strong>on</strong>s can be drawn:<br />
• In this test, all three revitalisers completely revitalised<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> drinking water from St Ulrich am Pillersee. After an<br />
incubati<strong>on</strong> period <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 48 hours at 22 degrees Celsius no “wild”<br />
col<strong>on</strong>ies (large mo<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r col<strong>on</strong>ies) were seen <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> filter.<br />
There were <strong>on</strong>ly pin points.<br />
22
• Comparing <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> revitalisati<strong>on</strong> equipment <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> first<br />
generati<strong>on</strong> made in 1989 (with blue plastic pipe) with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
modern integrated unit equipment <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> stainless steel (made<br />
in 1997) no significant difference in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> number <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin<br />
points could be determined. It should be pointed out that in<br />
bacteriological tests <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> results can vary by plus or minus<br />
15% <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> 20%.<br />
• The blind test results: <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> n<strong>on</strong>-revitalised drinking<br />
water from St Ulrich am Pillersee was filled in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> a 400ml<br />
c<strong>on</strong>tainer and after 48 hours <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria count determined.<br />
Result: two “wild col<strong>on</strong>ies” and 13 pin points. This shows,<br />
that in a labora<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ry, where <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re is extensive work with<br />
revitalised water, it is impossible <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> rule out some minimal<br />
“proximity revitalisati<strong>on</strong>”.<br />
Effectiveness Test <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Three<br />
Different <strong>Grander®</strong> Models<br />
The effectiveness <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> three older models <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Grander ®<br />
water revitalisers was tested with regard <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> formati<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin points.<br />
<strong>Grander®</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> Revitaliser Made in 1989<br />
As <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> illustrati<strong>on</strong> shows, producti<strong>on</strong><br />
checks were made as early as 1989. The<br />
revitalisati<strong>on</strong> equipment was subjected <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
a pressure <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> up <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> 12 bars and this was<br />
noted <strong>on</strong> a sticker with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> date (Oc<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ber<br />
25, 1989) and a signature. This permitted<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> age <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> equipment <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be determined<br />
exactly <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> day.<br />
After 48 hours<br />
incubati<strong>on</strong> at 22° C.<br />
No mo<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r col<strong>on</strong>ies,<br />
<strong>on</strong>ly pin point<br />
<strong>Grander®</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> Revitaliser Made in 1991<br />
Blind test: Bacterial result <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> n<strong>on</strong>-revitalised water<br />
Final Assessment<br />
The openings where <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Informati<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> was filled in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> cartridges were<br />
sealed, and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se seals have not been<br />
broken. The pressure-test sticker is missing<br />
from this equipment, but <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
brass cartridge itself a note has been<br />
made with a felt-tip pen: “Installed <strong>on</strong><br />
April 8, 1991”.<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Based</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se results, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>clusi<strong>on</strong> may be drawn that<br />
Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong> equipment keeps its powers <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
revitalisati<strong>on</strong> forever.<br />
After 48 hours:<br />
<strong>on</strong>ly pin points<br />
Since 1993 I have c<strong>on</strong>ducted about 2,000 water tests where<br />
Grander ® revitalisati<strong>on</strong> equipment was installed. At<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se installati<strong>on</strong>s, some <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> which were <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> an industrial<br />
nature, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re were dem<strong>on</strong>strable improvements in water<br />
quality and reducti<strong>on</strong> in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> use <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> chemicals and envir<strong>on</strong>mental<br />
damage. A positive pin point test always went<br />
hand in hand with a measurable alleviati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> existing<br />
water problems.<br />
In many <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se examinati<strong>on</strong>s, both internal company<br />
testing as well as external labora<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ries were involved.<br />
The technical measurements c<strong>on</strong>firmed both <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> existence<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> pin point formati<strong>on</strong> as well as an improvement<br />
in water quality.<br />
<strong>Grander®</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> Revitaliser Made in 1997<br />
Current equipment made <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> stainless<br />
steel has integrated chambers filled<br />
with Grander ® Informati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g>.<br />
In flowing through <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> equipment,<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> water <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be revitalised comes in<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
indirect c<strong>on</strong>tact with <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> Informati<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Water</str<strong>on</strong>g> in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> chambers.<br />
After 48 hours:<br />
countless pin points<br />
23
7/02<br />
24