Fluorescent PET (Photoinduced Electron Transfer) sensors ... - Almac

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Fig. 6 (a,b) Sources of fluorescent PET sensors. Only the names of corresponding authors from the literature are given. The corresponding authors will be happy to receive evidence of errors and omissions so that future versions of the maps can be improved. need for monitoring the neurophysiology of Zn 2+ and its role in degenerative disease. 40,41,46 The extension of PET systems by adding an extra ‘spacer– receptor’ component can lead to improvements in FE values. 4,47 This is seen when we go from 5 to 6, 48,49 with the requirement that each receptor captures Zn 2+ . However, ethanol:water (1:1) was needed as the solvent. The hydrophobicity of the anthracene fluorophore would hamper the use of 5 for monitoring Zn 2+ in the cytosol. Hydrophobic PET sensors can localize in intracellular membranes and lose their ion-sensing ability. 12 Therefore, replacement of anthracene by hydrophilic heterocyclic fluorophores is logical, and is discussed in the very next paragraph. On the other hand, the hydrophobicity of 5 or its cousin 7 50 can be exploited for Zn 2+ measurement in nanospaces adjoining membranes. The fluorophore is expected to embed in detergent micelles with the more hydrophilic receptor being accessible to water neighbouring the membrane 51,52 and any Zn 2+ therein. In the event, a strong Zn 2+ - induced FE value of 7 is found for 7 in neutral Tween 20 micelles. 50 The mutation of 5 is easiest to see in 8, 53 where the tricyclic anthracene has become the tricyclic fluorescein. The chloro substituents serve to reduce 8’s response to H + in physiological conditions. 54 Sensor 8 gives a Zn 2+ -induced FE value of 2 in 2388 | Analyst, 2009, 134, 2385–2393 This journal is ª The Royal Society of Chemistry 2009
Fig. 7 (a) Structural formulae of the dipicolylamine-based sensors discussed in the case study. In all these cases, the R group represents the di(2-pyridylmethyl)amino moiety. (b) Structural formulae for the compounds highlighted from the past year. Following on from Fig. 2a and 2b, the following colour scheme is employed in both Fig. 7a and 7b: fluorophores in blue, spacers in red and receptors in green. When atoms in the fluorophore can also ligate to the analyte, these are shown in green. This journal is ª The Royal Society of Chemistry 2009 Analyst, 2009, 134, 2385–2393 | 2389
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Page 3: Fig. 4 De-excitation pathways open
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Fluorescent PET (Photoinduced Electron Transfer) sensors ... - Almac

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