IWMP 4 - Commissionerate of Rural Development Gujarat State

Table of Contents 

Chapter 1 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 

PROJECT BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 

1.1 Project Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 

Table no.1: Basic project information ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 

1.2 Need of Watershed Development Programme: ............................................................................................................................................................................ 9 

Table no.2: Weightage of the project ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 

Table no.3: Watershed information ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11 

Table no.4: Developmental programmes running in the project area: ..................................................................................................................................... 12 

Table no. 5: Previous Watershed programmes in the project area: ........................................................................................................................................... 13 

Chapter 2 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AGENCY ................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 

2.1 Project Implementing Agency ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 16 

2.2 District Watershed Development Unit, Surat .............................................................................................................................................................................. 16 

2.2.1 The Organization and its Objectives:- ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 

2.2.2 Programmes/project running in the district ............................................................................................................................................................................ 16 

2.3 SWOT Analysis of DWDU ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 17 

Table no. 6: PIA: .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 18 

Table no. 7: Staff at PIA level: .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 

Chapter 3 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20 

BASIC INFORMATION OF PROJECT AREA .............................................................................................................................................................................. 20 

3.1 Basic Information of Project Area:- ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 21 

Table no. 8: Land use pattern: ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21 

3.1.2 Soil and Topography .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22 

Table no. 9: Soil type and topography: .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 22 

Table no. 10: Flood and drought condition:......................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 

Table no. 11.1: Soil Erosion ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 23 

Table no. 11.2: Soil Salinity/Alkalinity (Salinity ingress) ............................................................................................................................................................... 24 

Table no. 11.3: Waterlogging Conditions .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 24 

3.2 Land and Agriculture:- .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 25 

Table no. 12: Climatic conditions:............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 25

IWMP 4: Mandan Project 2010-11 

Table no. 13: Physiography and relief.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26 

Table no. 14: Land ownership details .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26 

Table no. 15: Agriculture ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 27 

3.3 Irrigation .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 27 

Table no. 16: Irrigation ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 27 

Table no. 17: Crop details: .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28 

3.4 Livestock: ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 

Table no. 18: Livestock ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 31 

3.5 Drinking water facilities:- .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 

Table no. 19: Drinking water ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 

Table no. 20: Details of Common Property Resources .................................................................................................................................................................... 33 

3.6 Socio-Economic Profile ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 

Table no. 21: Demographic information ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 

Table no. 22: Literacy rate .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34 

3.7 Migration Pattern:- ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 35 

Table no. 23: Migration details ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 35 

3.8 Poverty ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 36 

Table no. 24: Poverty .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 36 

3.9 Infrastructure facilities ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 36 

Table no. 25: Village infrastructure ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 37 

Table no. 26: Facilities / HH assets ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 37 

3.10 Livelihood pattern:-............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 39 

Table no. 27: Income ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 39 

3.11 Dependence on Common Property Resource ........................................................................................................................................................................... 39 

Table no.28: Dependence on Forest/CPR ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 40 

Table no. 29: Livelihood pattern (Occupational distribution) ..................................................................................................................................................... 40 

Chapter 4 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 42 

WATERSHED ACTIVITIES ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 42 

District Watershed Development Unit, Surat 3


4.1 Watershed Activities ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 43 

Table no.31: Details of PRA Activities conducted in the project area ....................................................................................................................................... 52 

4.2 Institutional formation in watershed ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 57 

Table no. 32: Watershed Committee details ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 58 

4.2.2 Self Help group (SHG) ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 63 

Table no. 33: SHG detail ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 64 

4.2.3 User Group:- .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 66 

Table no. 34: UG detail ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 67 

4.3 Physical activities to be undertaken under Mandan project (IWMP-IV) .......................................................................................................................... 67 

Table no.35: Entry point activities (EPA) (All financial figures in lakh Rs.) ........................................................................................................................... 69 

4.4 Watershed Development Works: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 71 

4.4.1 Ridge Area Treatment ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 72 

4.4.2 Middle catchment area treatment ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 73 

Table no.36: Details of ridge line treatment / land based activities in watershed works* ............................................................................................... 75 

Table no.37: Activities related to Surface water resources in the project areas (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) .................................................. 78 

Table no.38: Activities related to recharging ground water resources in the project areas (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) ........................... 81 

Table no.39: Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises .............................................................................. 82 

Livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises model: .................................................................................................................................................... 89 

Table no. 40: Activities related to livelihoods by Self Help Groups (SHGs) in the project areas .................................................................................... 94 

Table no.42: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works .................................................................................................. 98 

Table no.43: Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas ........................................................................................................................................... 100 

Table no. 44: Capacity Building Institution: ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 102 

Table no. 45: Capacity Building plan: .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 103 

Table no.46: Information, Education and Communication Activities: ................................................................................................................................... 103 

Chapter 5 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................105 

BUDGETS ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................105 

Table no. 47: Budget at a glance for the project .............................................................................................................................................................................. 106 

Table no. 48: Village wise- component wise budget available under IWMP ....................................................................................................................... 106 



Table no.50: Details of Convergence of IWMP with other Schemes ........................................................................................................................................ 107 

Table no. 51: Public-Private Partnership in the IWMP projects ............................................................................................................................................... 112 

Chapter 6 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................113 

EXPECTED OUTCOMES ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................113 

6.1 Employment ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 114 

Table no. 52: Employment in Project area: ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 114 

6.2 Migration ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 115 

Table no. 53: Seasonal migration from Project area ..................................................................................................................................................................... 115 

6.3 Ground water table ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 116 

Table no. 54: Average ground water table depth in the project areas (in meters) ........................................................................................................... 116 

6.4 Drinking water ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 117 

Table no. 55: Status of Drinking water ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 117 

6.5 Crop ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 118 

Table no. 56: Crop area and yield in the project area ................................................................................................................................................................... 118 

Table no. 57: Area under horticulture ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 119 

6.6 Vegetative cover ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 119 

Table no. 58: Forest/vegetative cover ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 119 

6.7 Livestock ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 120 

Table no. 59: Details of livestock in the project areas .................................................................................................................................................................. 120 

6.8 Linkages ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 120 

Table no. 60: Backward-Forward linkages ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 122 

Chapter7 .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................125 

QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES ..............................................................................................................................................................................125 

7.1 Plans for Monitoring and Evaluation ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 126 

7.2 Plans for Project management: ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 127 

7.3 Watershed Development Fund: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 127 

7.4 User Charges: ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 127 

Chapter8 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 128 



Chapter8 .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................128 

MAPS ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................128 

Landuse/Landcover Map ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 129 

Groundwater Map ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 130 

River/Waterbody Map .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 131 

Soil Map ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 132 

Slope Map ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 133 

Action Plan Map ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 134 



Chapter 1 

PROJECT BACKGROUND 



1.1 Project Background 

Mandan (IWMP 4) project is located in Mangrol Taluka, Surat District of Gujarat State. The Project is a cluster of eight micro watersheds 

with 5C1A4a3b, 5C1A4a3d, 5C1A4a3f, 5C1B3b1e, 5C1B3b1g, 5C1B3b1h, 5C1B3b3a, 5C1B3b3b has their respective codes. The total project 

area of the watershed is about 8081.9 ha of which 3380 ha is proposed for treatment under Integrated Watershed Management Programme 

(IWMP). 

Villages 

Table no.1: Basic project information 

Area 

proposed to 

Total 

project 

Sl 

Gram 

Area of the 

Census 

No. 

Name 

Panchayats 

project 

code 

be treated cost 

1 Kevdi kund 1637200 Vad 464.1 49.8 5.98 

2 Kantvav 1637400 Kantvav 660.1 309.2 37.10 

3 Selarpur 1638000 Selarpur 619.1 303 36.36 

4 Name of Ghodbar 1638100 Ghodbar 946.6 483 57.96 

5 

Taluka District 

the project Mandan 1638200 Mandan 1689.8 94.3 11.32 

6 Vankal 1638300 Vankal 1080.7 775.7 93.08 

7 Jarani 1639300 Vankal 391.7 301.7 36.20 

8 Ongnisha 1634200 Ongnisha 467.1 260.9 31.31 

9 Sandhara 1637300 Ongnisha 552.1 243 29.16 

10 Ratoti 1635600 Ratoti 814.6 292 35.04 

11 Boria 1634200 Boria 396 267.4 32.09 

TOTAL 8081.9 3380.0 405.60 

Surat is the commercial capital of Gujarat and also the second-largest commercial hub of western India after Mumbai. The nearest 

Railway Station is Kosamba on Mumbai - Vadodara route which is around 22 km from the project area. All villages are well connected with 

pacca roads on SH 166. The project includes 11 villages of which largest village are the Mandan after which the project is named. All the villages 

are named after different water bodies which give the historical significance of water in the lives of the villagers. The project area is 

District Watershed Development Unit, Surat 8 

PIA


homogenously populated by tribes which include Chaudhari, Vasava, Gamit, and some Muslims communities. The livelihood of these people is 

primarily based on rainfed agriculture, animal husbandry, and wage labour. 

The area is very famous has industrial area due to its mining activity. GIPCL has huge power plant near Mangrol. Mining has resulted in 

an untold havoc on the area and its geography, disturbing rivers, canals and other water bodies. Mining has a detrimental effect on local 

vegetation. The excavated material is dumped covering huge productive tracts. These overburden dumps then erode into fertile lands making 

them unproductive, silt-up live water bodies. 

1.2 Need of Watershed Development Programme: 

Watershed Development Programme is selected on the basis of 13 parameters namely poverty index, percentage of ST population, 

actual wages, small & marginal farmers, ground water status, area under rain fed agriculture, drinking water, situation in the area, productivity 

potentials of the land continuity of another watershed that has already developed/treated. Based on these 13 parameter a composite ranking 

has been given to the watershed project as given in Table no. 2. The cumulative score is 82.5. 

The total number of families under BPL is 1102, which is less than 32 per cent of total households of the village. Hence a score of 7.5 is 

allotted. The percentages of SC/ST population in the cluster villages are greater than 95 per cent to the total population; hence a score of 10 is 

allotted. Rain fed agriculture forms the primary occupation of the village due to the fact that ground water is saline and hence unfit for usage. 

More than 50 per cent of the farmers are small and marginal by nature and the actual wages earned by the labour is equal to or higher than 

minimum wages hence a composite rank of 5 and 5 are allotted respectively. 

The rains in this area are comparatively good but due to geo-hydrological situation, the moisture index is low. Drinking water is not a 

major problem even though people are facing crises during summer season. WASMO has created a drinking water facility by constructing 

overhead tanks in the all villages. 



Project 

name 

IWMP 4 

Mandan 

Project 

Project 

type 

Other 

Area proposed to be treated 

Table no.2: Weightage of the project 

Weightage 

i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x xi xii xiii 

7.5 10 5 5 0 - 10 0 10 10 10 15 - 

Table no: 2.1 Criteria and weightage for selection of watershed 

S. 

Criteria Maximum 

Ranges & scores 

No. 

Score 

i Poverty index 

10 Above 80 % (10) 80 to 50 %(7.5) 50 to 20%(5) Below 20 

(% of poor to population) 

ii % of SC/ST population 10 More than 40%(10) 20 to 40%(5) Less than 20%(3) 

iii Actual wages 5 Actual wages are 

significantly lower than 

minimum wages (5) 

Actual wages are equal 

to or higher than 

minimum wages (0) 

iv % of small and marginal 10 More than 80%(10) 50 to 80%(5) Less than 50 %(3) 

farmers 

v Ground water status 5 Over exploited (5) Criteria (3) Sub critical (2) Safe (0) 

v Moisture index/DPAP 

/DDP Block 

15 -66.7 & Below (15) 

DDP Block 

-33.3 to -66.6(10) 

DPAP block 

0 to -33.2 (0) 

Non DPAP/DDP Block 

vi Area under rain-fed 

agriculture 

15 More than 90% (15) 80 to 90 %(10) 70 to 80% (5) Above 

70%(Reject) 

vii Drinking water 10 No Source (10) Problematic 

Village(7.5) 

Partially covered(5) Fully 

Covered(0) 

ix Degraded land 15 high-above 20%(15) Medium-10 to 20% 

(10) 

Low-less than 10% of TGA 

(5) 



x 

xi 

xii 

xiii 

Productivity Potential of 

the land 

Contiguity to another 

watershed that has 

already been 

developed/treated 

Cluster approach in the 

plains (more than one 

contiguous microwatersheds 

in the project) 

Cluster approach in the 

hills (more than one 

contiguous microwatersheds 

in the project) 

15 Land with low production 

&where productivity can be 

significantly enhanced with 

reasonable efforts (15) 

10 Contiguous to previously 

treated watershed & 

contiguity within the micro 

watersheds in the project 

(10) 

15 Above 6 micro –watersheds 

in cluster (15) 

15 Above 5 micro –watersheds 


Lands with moderate 

production & where 

productivity can be 

enhanced with 


Contiguity within the 

micro watersheds in 

the project but non 

contiguous to 

pre4ously treated 

watershed (5) 

4 to 6 micro 

watersheds in cluster 

(10) 

3 to 5 micro 

watersheds in cluster 

(10) 

Lands with high 

production & where 

productivity can be 

marginally enhanced with 


Neither contiguous to 

previously treated 

watershed nor contiguity 

within the micro 

watersheds in the project 

(0) 

2 to 4 micro watersheds 


2 to 3 micro watersheds 


Total 150 150 90 41 2.5 

Name of the project 


Mandan Project 

No. of watersheds 

to be treated 

8 

Project type: Hilly/desert/Other 

Table no.3: Watershed information 

Watershed code 

5C1A4a3b, 5C1A4a3d, 5C1A4a3f, 5C1B3b1e, 

5C1B3b1g, 5C1B3b1h, 5C1B3b3a, 5C1B3b3b 

Watershed regime/type/order 

Mini watershed 



Other Projects / Scheme running in the project area:- 

The following works have been taken up under the scheme during last two years. 

1. MGNREGS: Pond deepening and widening of road, farm pond, construction of road, percolation of tank works completed in all villages. 

2. Prehariyali/ Hariyali watershed programme: Under IWDP projects, total area of 5000 ha in total project area have been treated where 

activities related to soil and water conservation measures like Gabions, check wall, check dam, percolation tank, gully plug, dug well 

recharge and have been taken care. 

3. Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC): Total 2433 toilets in houses in total project villages have been constructed under TSC programme in the 

project area. 

4. Indira Awas Yojana: There are 442 houses have been constructed in the all villages of Project area under IAY. 

5. Sardar Awas Yojana: There are 486 houses have been constructed in the villages of Project are under SAY. 

6. WASMO/Sector reform: In the project villages 60 per cent of the houses get water by tap connection under WASMO programme. 

7. Swarnjayanti gram Swarojgar yojana (SGSY): 624 women savings group are linked with bank and internal loan. 

8. Sakhi Mandal: 77 women savings group are linked with bank and internal loan. 

Sl 

no 

Name of the 

programme/scheme 

Table no.4: Developmental programmes running in the project area: 

Sponsoring agency 

Objectives of the 

programme/scheme 

Year of 

commencement 

Villages 

covered 

Estimated 

number of 

beneficiaries 

1 TSC Rural Development Dept. Sanitation 2004-05 11 2433 

2 IAY Rural Development Dept. Housing 1992-93 11 442 

3 MGNREGS Rural Development Dept. Employment 2007-08 11 2914 

4 SAY Govt. of Gujarat Housing 1995-96 11 486 

5 WASMO Govt. of Gujarat Drinking water facility 2003-04 11 1792 

6 SGSY Govt. of Gujarat Livelihoods 2003-04 11 624 

7 Sakhi mandal Rural Development Dept. Women Empowerment 2008-09 11 77 



Table no. 5: Previous Watershed programmes in the project area: 

% 

financi 

al 

compl 

Sl 

no 

Project 

name 

Year 

starte 

d 

Name of 

Villages 

No. of 

micro 

watershed 

Watershe 

d codes 

Area 

under 

treatmen 

t 

Funding 

source 

Nodal 

agency PIA 

Total 

cost 

Expenditure 

incurred up 

to start of 

IWMP etion on 

1 

Kevdi kund 

5C1B3b3b 70 

4.2 3.44 82 95 

2 Kantvav 5C1B3b3a 55 3.3 2.73 83 96 

3 Selarpur 5C1B3b1h 90 5.4 4.45 82 96 

4 Hariyali Ghodbar 5C1A4a3d 125 7.5 6.21 83 96 

5 project Mandan 5C1B3b1h 730 Taluka 43.8 36.37 83 96 

2005- 

6 (Mangrol) Vankal 8 5C1B3b1e 305 DoLR DRDA Panchayat 18.3 15.24 83 97 

06 

7 Batch No. Jarani 5C1B3b1g 90 Mangrol 5.4 4.48 83 96 

8 11 

Ongnisha 5C1B3b1g 70 4.2 3.49 83 96 

9 Sandhara 5C1A4a3b 95 5.7 4.74 83 96 

10 Ratoti 5C1B3a3f 255 15.3 12.70 83 96 

11 Boria 5C1B3b1g 80 4.8 4.03 84 97 

TOTAL 1965 117.9 97.9 

% 

physi 

cal 

com 

pleti 



Developmental programmes running in the project area 



Chapter 2 

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AGENCY 



2.1 Project Implementing Agency 

The Project Implementing Agency (PIA) is being selected by an appropriate mechanism by State Level Nodal Agency (SLNA). PIAs would 

be responsible for implementation of watershed project. These PIAs may include relevant line departments, autonomous organizations under 

State/Central Governments, Government Institutes/Research bodies, Intermediate Panchayat, Voluntary Organizations (VOs). The PIA of 

Mandan Watershed Project is District Watershed Development Unit, Surat 

2.2 District Watershed Development Unit, Surat 

2.2.1 The Organization and its Objectives:- 

The District Watershed Development Unit (DWDU), Surat is a District level nodal agency and was established on 9 Dec, 2009 to oversee 

for the smooth implementation of watershed projects in the district. The District Development Officer (DDO) is the chairman of the DWDU. The 

DWDU have dedicated and experience staffs comprising one Project Manager (Deputation from Gujarat Forest Department) a technical expert 

(on contract basis) and multidisciplinary team of agriculture expert, community mobilization expert, civil engineer, surveyor, accountant, MIS 

coordinator, system analyst, computer operator and messenger (on contract basis) are recruited. The DWDU Surat staffs are temporarily sitting 

with the District Rural Development Agency (DRDA) at Bahumali building, Nanpura, Surat. The objective of the DWDU are supervising, 

planning, implementing, documenting and promoting watershed development project and related development activities in the district. 

Moreover, the DWDU Surat will work as a PIA for Mandan IWMP project. 

2.2.2 Programmes/project running in the district 

At present six IWMP projects have been sanctioned by Government of India for the Surat district. The entry point activities of all the six 

IWMP projects have been identified by DWDU as DWDU itself acting as a PIA for the entire project (IWMP-4 to 9) in the district. Apart from the 

running six IWMP projects, total three IWMP (2009-10) projects and 86 Hariyali projects (IWDP) has been sanctioned. Surat is also monitoring 



central government sponsored scheme on Artificial Recharge of Groundwater through Dugwells, Technology Development Extension and 

Training (TDET) scheme and 20 Point Programme in the District. 

2.3 SWOT Analysis of DWDU 

Strength:- 

1. Dedicated and experience staff and multidisciplinary team. 

2. Independent District Level Nodal Agency i.e. DWDU Surat. 

3. Strong linkages with national and state level institutions, Navsari Agriculture Universities, Krishi Vigyan Kendra and NGOs for capacity 

building technical guidance. 

4. Scientific plan in watershed project with the help of BISAG, Gandhinagar. 

5. District level monitoring, coordination and cooperation committee. 

6. Well establishment of PRIs for social audit. 

Weakness:- 

1. Insufficient funds for complete watershed project per hectare. 

2. No permanent staff. 

3. No permanent office building. 

4. Project area is located for away from District head quarter. 

Opportunities:- 

1. Sustainable livelihood generation landless and assetless. 

2. Improvement of socio economic status of poors. 

3. Awareness generation among the illiterate through IEC activities by usage of new ICT activities. 

4. Reduction of migration rate. 



5. Usage of new technologies of watershed modelling and GPS for monitoring the watershed activities. 

Threats:- 

1. Lack of sustainable agriculture development. 

2. Delay of releasing project fund from the higher authority. 

3. Lack of contribution and cooperation from local people. 

4. High level of insecurity in between farmer due to land acquisition. 

5. Mining and Quarrying has resulted in water diversion and natural drainage. 

6. Low literacy rate in the project area. 

Table no. 6: PIA: 

Sl. No. Names of project Details of PIA 

Sl 

no 

1 

District level: 



(i) Type of organization District Level Nodal Agency 

(ii) Name of organization District Watershed Development Unit 

(iii) Designation & Address Project Manager, DWDU, Surat 

(iv) Telephone 0261-2470211 

(v) Fax 0261-2470211 

(vi) E-mail surdwdu@gmail.com 

Table no. 7: Staff at PIA level: 

Name Age Sex Designation Qualification Experience Job assigned 

1 Mr. N. D. Chaudhari M 

2 Ms. Prajakta Rathod 24 F 

3 Shah Hardik D. M 

Project 

Manager 

Technical 

Expert 

MDT 

(Civil Engg.) 

Monthly 

remuneration 

B. Sc-Agri. 25 Year Project management 52000 

M. Tech 

(Agril. Engg.) 

Diploma in Civil 

Engg. 

1 Year Management and monitoring 25000 


2 Year 

Watershed development 

work 

15000


4 Lodhi Pravin A. M 

MDT 


B. E in Civil Engg. Fresher 

(Civil Engg.) 

work 

15000 

5 Rathod Punabhai N. 28 M 

Nodal Officer 

Agricultural development 

cum MDT 

MRS 

7.6 Year 

work 

(Agriculture) 

15000 

6 Patel Krutikaben A. 27 F 

MDT 

(C. M.) 

MSW 4.5 Year Community mobilization 15000 

7 Maisuria Hiren P. 27 M 

MIS 

Web-GIS data analysis & 

MCA 

3 Year 

Coordinator 

DPRs preparation 

15000 

8 Kaklotar Alpeshbhai B. M 

MDT 

(Accountant) 

M. Com 7 Year Accountancy 13750 

9 Vahora Rajakbhai A. 36 M 

MDT 

(Surveyor) 

Surveyor, CADE 10 Year Surveying 9000 

10 Gandhi Kishoriben S. 34 F 

Executive B. Com, Diploma in 

Executive and administrative 

11 Year 

Assistant commercial practice 

responsibilities 

7000 

11 Parekh Kinjal Rajiv 27 F 

MDT Diploma in Computer 

Data entry and letter inward- 

4.5 Year 

(D. E. O.) 

Engg. 

outward 

8000 

12 Sandis Nareshbhai V. 31 M Messenger Std. 12th 4 Year Work assigned by DWDU staff 3000 

PIA level: 

13 

Piyushbhai B. 

WDT (Civil 


28 M 

Diploma Civil.Engg 5 Years 

Chaudhari 

Engg.) 

work 

8000 

14 

Chaudhari Dilipkumar 

R. 

24 M WDT (Agri.) B.R.S/M.R.S 1 Years Agricultural development 10000 

15 Vaishaliben R. Vasava 25 F WDT (C. M.) B.R.S B. Ed 3 Years Community mobilization 8000 

Chaudhari N. 

WDT 

16 

33 M 

I.T.I Surveyor 5 Years Surveying 7000 

Ranchhodbhai 

(Surveyor) 

WDT 

17 Rana Binjalben R. 26 F 

M.Com 1 Years Accountancy 8000 

(Accountant) 

18 Niravsinh B. Vasava 28 M WDT (D. E. O.) PGDC Fresher Data entry 5000 



Chapter 3 

BASIC INFORMATION OF PROJECT AREA 



3.1 Basic Information of Project Area:- 

Mandan project is located in the district of Surat about 70 Kms from district head quarters. The area is having moderate rainfall and 

temperature. The total geographic area of the project is 8081.9 ha of which 3380 ha will be treated under IWMP. The area is having moderate 

to gentle slope. 

3.1.1 Land Use Pattern 

The net geographical area of Mandan watershed project is 8081.9 ha, out of which 32.9 % is forest area which is about 2692.1 ha. The 

area is having sparse vegetation due to over grazing. About 4513.5 ha land is under agriculture. 

Table no. 8: Land use pattern: 

S. No. 

Names of Geographical Area Forest Land under Rainfed Permanent 

Wasteland 

Villages of the Village Area agricultural use area pastures Cultivable Non-cultivable 

1 Kevdi kund 464.1 41.5 304.1 249.6 133.0 87.4 31.2 

2 Kantvav 660.1 246.1 337.7 321.8 106.9 56.3 20.1 

3 Selarpur 619.1 192.7 337.1 301.7 116.4 65.8 23.5 

4 Ghodbar 946.6 360.7 503.0 390.4 136.5 61.0 21.8 

5 Mandan 1689.8 1014.1 600.4 549.6 0.0 55.4 19.8 

6 Vankal 1080.7 96.9 894.9 849.8 199.8 65.5 23.4 

7 Jarani 391.7 130.4 179.6 149.1 87.1 60.2 21.5 

8 Ongnisha 467.1 60.1 351.5 315.6 93.6 40.9 14.6 

9 Sandhara 552.1 320.0 179.7 160.4 65.6 38.6 13.8 

10 Ratoli 814.6 218.2 523.8 484.0 132.1 53.5 19.1 

11 Boria 396.0 11.4 301.8 271.7 106.3 61.0 21.8 

TOTAL 8081.9 2692.1 4513.5 4043.6 1177.2 645.7 230.6 



3.1.2 Soil and Topography 

Mandan Watershed Project falls under South Gujarat Agro climatic zone. The soil is mainly deep black clayey soils. The surface soil is 

Reddish brown to dark in hilly area, very dark grayish brown to dark brown & dark to Yellowish brown. The depth of soil is about 0 to 25 cm 

(shallow to Moderate deep) in forest area especially in Mandan 45 to 150 cms (deep to very deeps) in predominant slope. The predominant 

texture of soil is heavy dominated by clay particles. The fertility of soil is poor with less Nitrogen while Phosphorus is medium, Potash is also 

medium. The order of soil is mainly Inceptisols, Vertisols, Entisols. The topography of the area is moderate ranging from 0-10% slope and 

undulating in the forest area. 

Table no. 9: Soil type and topography: 

Name of the Agro-climatic Area in 

Major soil types 

S. No. zone covers project area ha Names of the Villages 

a)Type 

b) Area in ha Topography 

1 

Kevdi kund Black Cotton and brown 49.8 Flat to moderate slope 

2 Kantvav Black Cotton and brown 309.2 Flat to moderate slope 

3 Selarpur Black Cotton and brown 303 Flat to moderate slope 

4 Ghodbar Black Cotton and brown 483 Flat to moderate slope 

5 Mandan Black Cotton and brown 94.3 Flat to moderate slope 

6 South Gujarat 3380 Vankal Black Cotton and brown 775.7 Flat to moderate slope 

7 Jarani Black Cotton and brown 301.7 Flat to moderate slope 

8 Ongnisha Black Cotton and brown 260.9 Flat to moderate slope 

9 Sandhara Black Cotton and brown 243 Flat to moderate slope 

10 Ratoti Black Cotton and brown 292 Flat to moderate slope 

11 Boria Black Cotton and brown 267.4 Flat to moderate slope 

# Flat, undulating, moderate slope, Steep slope 



Table no. 10: Flood and drought condition: 

Sl no Name of Village Flood (Incidence) Drought (Incidence) 

1 Kevdi kund 

2 Kantvav 

3 Selarpur 

4 Ghodbar 

5 Mandan 

6 Vankal 

NIL 

NIL 

7 Jarani 

8 Ongnisha 

9 Sandhara 

10 Ratoli 

11 Boria 

11. Edaphic Factors 

Table no. 11.1: Soil Erosion 

Run off 

Cause Type of erosion Area affected (ha) 

(mm/ year) Average soil loss (Tonnes/ ha/ year) 

Water erosion 

a Sheet 2535.0 262 - 

b Rill 753.7 349 21% 

c Gully 91.3 280 13% 

d Ravenous - 

Sub-Total 3380 

Wind erosion NA 25% 

Total 3380 



Table no. 11.2: Soil Salinity/Alkalinity (Salinity ingress) 

Sr. No. Name of the Village Survey Number Soil pH Type of Salinity (Inherent/Ingress) 

1 Kevdi kund 53 7.1 Neutral 

2 Kantvav 26 7.2 Neutral 

3 Selarpur 34 7.2 Neutral 

4 Ghodbar 10 6.9 Neutral 

5 Mandan 91 7.4 Neutral 

6 Vankal 11 7.6 Neutral 

7 Jarani 94 7.4 Neutral 

8 Ongnisha 32 6.9 Neutral 

9 Sandhara 57 7.1 Neutral 

10 Ratoli 46 7.7 Neutral 

11 Boria 29 7.8 Neutral 

Table no. 11.3: Waterlogging Conditions 

Sr. No. Name of the Village Survey Number Reasons 

1 Kevdi kund 

2 Kantvav 

3 Selarpur 

4 Ghodbar 

5 Mandan 

6 Vankal 

NIL - 

7 Jarani 

8 Ongnisha 

9 Sandhara 

10 Ratoli 

11 Boria 



3.2 Land and Agriculture:- 

The Project area lies in the zone of excessive rain and suitable agricultural climate on basis of the soil and Climatic features. Average 

rainfall during the last three years is 1450 mm Mangrol taluka have "Gorada" Soil. The soil testing analysis results have revealed that the 

project has adequate content of nitrogen content of phosphorous has also been found less. Content of potash has normally found 

adequate. There is a vast scope of organic farming in the area there is a need of proper IEC activity between farmers. 

Table no. 12: Climatic conditions: 

Name of project Average rainfall- last 5 years (mm) Average temperature 

Summer 



1450 

Winter 

Max Min Max Min 

40 25 23 15 

39 28 24 17 

38 24 22 16 

40 28 25 17 

42 30 25 19 

The project area receives ample amount of rainfall during monsoon but assess of surface water runoff has decreased sufficient base for 

irrigation as well as for drinking purpose. The average land holding is about 2.1 ha of which the land holding is ranging from 0.2 ha to 4 ha. The 

excess rainfall and lack of proper vegetative cover has resulted high rate of surface runoff of both soil and water. Paddy, Pulses (Pigeon pea, 

Green gram, Red gram and Black gram), Oilseeds and Cotton are 4 main kharif crops grown. Wheat, Sorghum and Sugarcane are 3 main rabi crops 

grown. Paddy is the main kharif crop covered 72 per cent area under the kharif crops. The land conservation measures, surface water recharge 

activities; drip irrigation system may help farmers to take up vegetable and other high value crops. 

Pasture development can also become a major resource for animal husbandry. By this productivity of dairy animal can be increase. 



Table no. 13: Physiography and relief 

Project name Elevation Slope range (%) Major streams 



0 -15 mts 0 – 10 % Bhukhi river 

Lack of check of surface water has decreased sufficient base for irrigation as well as for drinking purpose. The average land holding is 

about 2.1 ha for which the land holding is ranging from 0.2 to 4 ha. Lack of irrigation resulting into less agriculture productivity & the same 

forces landless people as well as some farmers to migrate to ensure their livelihood. This effect directly the demographic profile of the villages. 

The major crop cultivated by farmers is Jawar (Sorghum) and pulses in the project area. Some of the farmers cultivates groundnut and 

sugarcane those who has having irrigation facilities. The land conservation measures, surface water recharge activities; drip irrigation system 

may help farmers to take up rabi crop of ground nut, vegetable etc. Pasture development can also become a major resource for animal 

husbandry. By this productivity of dairy animal can be increase. 

Table no. 14: Land ownership details 

Sl 

Total owned land 

HHs giving HHs taking 

Village 

no 

Gen OBC SC ST land on lease land on lease 

1 Kevdi kund - - 0 141 6 6 

2 Kantvav - - 0 167 7 7 

3 Selarpur - - 0 188 8 8 

4 Ghodbar - - 1 179 7 7 

5 Mandan - - 0 394 16 16 

6 Vankal - - 13 612 25 25 

7 Jarani - - 0 161 6 6 

8 Ongnisha - - 0 294 12 12 

9 Sandhara - - 0 101 4 4 

10 Ratoli - - 0 184 7 7 



11 Boria - - 0 265 11 11 

Table no. 15: Agriculture 

Sl no 

Name of Village 

Net sown area 

One time Two times Three times 

1 Kevdi kund 304.1 54.5 6.1 

2 Kantvav 337.7 15.9 6.8 

3 Selarpur 337.1 35.4 6.7 

4 Ghodbar 503.0 112.6 10.1 

5 Mandan 600.4 50.8 12.0 

6 Vankal 894.9 45.1 17.9 

7 Jarani 179.6 30.5 3.6 

8 Ongnisha 351.5 35.9 7.0 

9 Sandhara 179.7 19.3 3.6 

10 Ratoli 523.8 39.8 10.5 

11 Boria 301.8 30.1 6.0 

3.3 Irrigation 

The irrigated area is 467 ha which is 10 per cent of the total agricultural area of the village. Main source of irrigation is from previously 

constructed pond, check dams ponds or wells/tubes. Farmers of project area get irrigation to their field by check dams and from earthen dams 

which were previously constructed by different departments. 

Table no. 16: Irrigation 

Source 1 : Canal Source 2 : Check dam / Pond Source 3 : Well 

Sl 

Village Availability 

Gross Availability 

Gross Availability 

Gross 

no 

Net area 

Net area 

Net area 

months 

area months 

area months 

area 

1 Kevdi kund - - - 6 Months 26.0 41.5 8 month 28.5 45.7 

2 Kantvav - - - 6 Months 7.6 12.1 8 month 8.3 13.3 



3 Selarpur - - - 6 Months 16.9 27.0 8 month 18.5 29.7 

4 Ghodbar - - - 6 Months 53.6 85.8 8 month 59.0 94.4 

5 Mandan - - - 6 Months 24.2 38.7 8 month 26.6 42.6 

6 Vankal - - - 6 Months 21.5 34.4 8 month 23.6 37.8 

7 Jarani - - - 6 Months 14.5 23.2 8 month 16.0 25.6 

8 Ongnisha - - - 6 Months 17.1 27.4 8 month 18.8 30.1 

9 Sandhara - - - 6 Months 9.2 14.7 8 month 10.1 16.2 

10 Ratoli - - - 6 Months 19.0 30.3 8 month 20.8 33.4 

11 Boria - - - 6 Months 14.3 22.9 8 month 15.8 25.2 

Crop details and Productivity: The productivity is low not because that the land is unproductive or the farmer's lack the skills to managing 

their crop but it is due lack of source of irrigation, salty water and scarcity of rain. 

The cluster villages come under draught prone zone. So farmers grow crop according to the rainfall. If they get good rainfall they generally 

grow high value crops as discussed above. In case of low rainfall they go for cotton, castor, and pearl millet. So we can say that monsoon decides 

cropping patterns of the project villages. 

Table no. 17: Crop details: 

Kharif (Monsoon) 

Sl Name of 

Crop 1 (Paddy) Crop 2 (Sorghum) Crop 3 (Pigeon Pea) 

no Village Area, 

Ha 

Production, 

Kg 

Productivity, 

Kg 

Area, 

Ha 

Production, 

Kg 

Productivity, 

Kg 

Area, 

Ha 

Production, 

Kg 

Productivity, 

Kg 

1 Kevdi kund 243.3 413535 547326 36.5 67504 78450 24.3 29191 37705 

2 Kantvav 270.1 459204 607770 40.5 74958 87114 27.0 32414 41869 

3 Selarpur 269.7 458442 606762 40.5 74834 86969 27.0 32361 41799 

4 Ghodbar 402.4 684107 905436 60.4 111670 129779 40.2 48290 62374 

5 Mandan 480.3 816571 1080756 72.1 133293 154908 48.0 57640 74452 

6 Vankal 715.9 1217037 1610784 107.4 198663 230879 71.6 85908 110965 



7 Jarani 143.7 244229 323244 21.5 39867 46332 14.4 17240 22268 

8 Ongnisha 281.2 478081 632754 42.2 78040 90695 28.1 33747 43590 

9 Sandhara 143.8 244392 323460 21.6 39893 46363 14.4 17251 22283 

10 Ratoli 419.0 712382 942858 62.9 116286 135143 41.9 50286 64952 

11 Boria 241.4 410380 543150 36.2 66989 77852 24.1 28968 37417 

Rabi (Winter) 


Crop 1 (Wheat) Crop 2 (Sorghum) Crop 3 (Pigeon Pea) 


Ha 

Production, 

Kg 

Productivity, 

Kg 

Area, 

Ha 

Production, 

Kg 

Productivity, 

Kg 

Area, 

Ha 

Production, 

Kg 

Productivity 

, Kg 

1 Kevdi kund 43.6 109000 113360 6.5 8829 10137 4.4 7194 9374 

2 Kantvav 12.7 31800 33072 1.9 2576 2957 1.3 2099 2735 

3 Selarpur 28.3 70800 73632 4.2 5735 6584 2.8 4673 6089 

4 Ghodbar 90.1 225200 234208 13.5 18241 20944 9.0 14863 19367 

5 Mandan 40.6 101600 105664 6.1 8230 9449 4.1 6706 8738 

6 Vankal 36.1 90200 93808 5.4 7306 8389 3.6 5953 7757 

7 Jarani 24.4 61000 63440 3.7 4941 5673 2.4 4026 5246 

8 Ongnisha 28.7 71800 74672 4.3 5816 6677 2.9 4739 6175 

9 Sandhara 15.4 38600 40144 2.3 3127 3590 1.5 2548 3320 

10 Ratoli 31.8 79600 82784 4.8 6448 7403 3.2 5254 6846 

11 Boria 24.1 60200 57792 3.6 4876 5599 2.4 3973 5177 

Zaid (Summer) 


Crop 1 (Ground nut) Crop 2 (Fodder) Crop 3 


Ha 

Production, 

Kg 

Productivity, 

Kg 

Area, 

Ha 

Production, 

Kg 

Productivity, 

Kg 

Area, 

Ha 

Production, 

Kg 

Productivity, 

Kg 

1 Kevdi kund 4.9 3162 3406 1.2 912 1010 0.0 0 0 

2 Kantvav 5.4 3512 3782 1.4 1013 1121 0.0 0 0 



3 Selarpur 5.4 3506 3775 1.3 1011 1119 0.0 0 0 

4 Ghodbar 8.0 5231 5634 2.0 1509 1670 0.0 0 0 

5 Mandan 9.6 6244 6725 2.4 1801 1993 0.0 0 0 

6 Vankal 14.3 9307 10023 3.6 2685 2971 0.0 0 0 

7 Jarani 2.9 1868 2011 0.7 539 596 0.0 0 0 

8 Ongnisha 5.6 3656 3937 1.4 1055 1167 0.0 0 0 

9 Sandhara 2.9 1869 2013 0.7 539 597 0.0 0 0 

10 Ratoli 8.4 5448 5867 2.1 1571 1739 0.0 0 0 

11 Boria 4.8 3138 3380 1.2 905 1002 0.0 0 0 

Reasons of Low productivity of various crops 

1. Quality of Soil: Over a period of time by continuous usage of fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides, there is deterioration in the quality of 

soil particularly reduction of carbon content and increase of salinity. One of the reasons ascribed to low response of bio-fertilizers in dry 

lands is their low status of soil organic matter. Rejuvenation of soil characteristics is an important area to tackle, with specific emphasis on 

recovery of its nutritional value. More thrust need to be given on adopting methods such as multi-cropping, rotation of crops and organic 

farming. Organic farming, nutrient management continues to be a focal issue in dry lands as the fertilizer use is not likely to pick up 

significantly unless water supply is assured. Soil fertility in dry lands can be sustained only through maintenance of organic matter and 

achieving better fertilizer-use efficiency through integration of moisture-conservation practices along with soil-fertility management. 

2. Quality of Seeds: Good quality seed, fertilizer and pesticide are important factor in agriculture productivity. The use of good quality leads to higher 

land productivity. In project villages, however, there are two limitations in the use of fertilizer. First these fertilizers are most useful in 

irrigated condition. The agricultural land of the cluster villages however totally depend on rainfall. In villages mostly farmers use 

nitrogenous fertilizers especially urea. This has resulted in disproportionate use of fertilizer depleting the quality of land. 

3. Traditional farming methods: This is the factor that leads low productivity. There is lot of ignorance about the use of new farming 

methods and technologies such as multiple cropping. 



4. Erratic rainfall: The Villagers mainly depend on monsoon. Without monsoon they cannot get any crop because irrigation water is salty .Water is 

essential input in agriculture. Due to the absence of proper irrigation facility, 100 per cent of the total cultivated area depends on the uncertain 

monsoon. Therefore the success or failure of the monsoon determines the success or failure of agriculture production. The rains, as a source 

of irrigation, are unreliable due to two factors; 

Untimely Rainfall: The rains are sometimes received when the crops are ready for harvesting. The ready crop may be ruined due to untimely rain. 

5. Lack of Rural Credit: Farmers face so many problems for rural credit and it leads to low agricultural productivity. Farmers need credit mainly 

for the purchase of various inputs such as seed, fertilizers, and pesticides and for repair of implements. They use long term credit for buying 

land, and for investment to improve the quality of land, buying the new implements and improving irrigation facilities. 

3.4 Livestock: 

The project area has 1705 cows and 3499 buffaloes while the other domestic animals include 1563 bullocks, 575 goats and 6606 hens. 

This show there is an ample potential for producing organic manures and promote organic farming in this area. But there is need to make 

farmer understand the advantages of using organic manures and practice organic farming. The need for integrating the animal husbandry with 

promotion of organic farming needs to be given high priority. The productivity of milk is so less due to lack of availability of good quality of 

fodder due to less per capita land availability. 

Table no. 18: Livestock 

Sl Name of Buffalo Cow Total Milk 

Goat 

no Village No milk No Milk (Buffalo+Cow) No Milk 

Sheep Bullock Hen Others 

1 Kevdi kund 215 1075 138 826 1901 46 46 0 122 459 31 

2 Kantvav 244 1220 110 659 1879 37 37 0 98 366 24 

3 Selarpur 214 1070 96 578 1648 32 32 0 86 321 21 

4 Ghodbar 367 1835 95 572 2407 36 36 0 85 318 21 

5 Mandan 412 2060 185 1112 3172 62 62 0 165 618 41 

6 Vankal 521 2605 218 1308 3913 75 75 0 241 1650 32 



7 Jarani 324 1620 146 875 2495 49 49 0 130 486 32 

8 Ongnisha 362 1810 163 977 2787 54 54 0 145 543 36 

9 Sandhara 156 780 70 421 1201 23 23 0 62 234 16 

10 Ratoli 219 1095 187 1123 2218 62 62 0 166 624 42 

11 Boria 465 2325 296 1777 4102 99 99 0 263 987 66 

3.5 Drinking water facilities:- 

All 12 month drinking water facilities available in all the villages in Mandan project area. The main sources of drinking water availability 

are tube well and open wells. The groundwater level decreases from mid of March upto end of June. Quality of drinking water is slightly saline. 

Table no. 19: Drinking water 

Sl no Name of Village 

Ground water table Source of drinking water Availability in months 

(mt) 

Tube well Well Tube well Well 

Quality 

1 Kevdi kund 8 10 2 

2 Kantvav 9 16 3 

3 Selarpur 12 12 3 

4 Ghodbar 11 19 4 

5 Mandan 9 32 7 

6 Vankal 8 39 15 12 month 8 month Slightly saline 

7 Jarani 10 12 2 

8 Ongnisha 9 21 4 

9 Sandhara 11 16 3 

10 Ratoli 7 18 5 

11 Boria 10 15 2 



S. 

No. 

1 

Names 

of 

project 


Mandan 

Project 

CPR 

Particulars 

Table no. 20: Details of Common Property Resources 

Total Area (ha) 

Area owned/ In possession of 

Govt. 

Any other 

Pvt. persons (specify PRI (Pl. 

dept.) 

Specify) 

Area available for treatment (ha) 

Pvt. 

persons 

Govt. 

(specify 

dept.) 

Wasteland/ degraded land 645.7 645.7 

Pastures 1177.2 1177.2 

Orchards 36.3 

Village Woodlot 

Forest 2692.1 

Village Ponds/ Tanks 12.3 

Community Buildings 123.5 

Weekly Markets 1.5 

Permanent markets 0.0 

Temples/ Places of worship 6.9 

Others (Pl. specify) 

PRI 

Any other 

(Pl. 

Specify) 

3.6 Socio-Economic Profile 

Mandan project area is a cluster of 11 villages with 3669 households. There are 15504 persons in the project villages (From baseline 

survey report), out of which 7798 male and 7706 female members. The sex ratio is 988 females to 1000 males. The average family size is 6.16t. 

The project area is homogenously populated by SC population which is more than 97 per cent of the total population. There are six major caste 

prevail in the village namely Vasava, Gamit, Darbar, Kodi patel, Prajapati and Muslim. Majority of population is involved in agriculture and 

animal husbandry. 

Sl 

no 


Village 

Table no. 21: Demographic information 

Population SC ST 

Total Male Female Total Male Female % Total Male Female % 



1 Kevdi kund 758 379 379 0 0 0 0.0 758 379 379 100.0 

2 Kantvav 570 277 293 0 0 0 0.0 570 277 293 100.0 

3 Selarpur 1150 586 564 0 0 0 0.0 1150 586 564 100.0 

4 Ghodbar 2129 1082 1047 4 2 2 0.2 2125 1080 1045 99.8 

5 Mandan 1556 795 761 0 0 0 0.0 1556 795 761 100.0 

6 Vankal 4017 2009 2008 99 46 53 2.5 3918 1963 1955 97.5 

7 Jarani 662 331 331 0 0 0 0.0 662 331 331 100.0 

8 Ongnisha 1686 863 823 0 0 0 0.0 1686 863 823 100.0 

9 Sandhara 348 160 188 0 0 0 0.0 348 160 188 100.0 

10 Ratoli 1127 571 556 0 0 0 0.0 1127 571 556 100.0 

11 Boria 1501 745 756 0 0 0 0.0 1501 745 756 100.0 

Table no. 22: Literacy rate 


Literacy Literacy % Literacy % 

Total % Male % Female % above age 14 below age 14 

1 Kevdi kund 569 75.1 306 80.8 263 69.4 228 342 

2 Kantvav 417 73.2 220 79.6 197 67.2 167 250 

3 Selarpur 828 72.0 460 78.5 368 65.3 331 497 

4 Ghodbar 1497 70.3 835 77.2 662 63.2 599 898 

5 Mandan 1121 72.0 599 75.3 522 68.6 448 672 

6 Vankal 3377 84.1 1773 88.3 1604 79.9 1351 2026 

7 Jarani 470 71.1 249 75.1 222 67.0 188 282 

8 Ongnisha 1186 70.3 658 76.2 528 64.2 474 712 

9 Sandhara 246 70.7 121 75.8 125 66.3 98 148 

10 Ratoli 792 70.3 428 74.9 364 65.5 317 475 

11 Boria 1103 73.5 583 78.2 521 68.9 441 662 



3.7 Migration Pattern:- 

The declining yield and product, steady erosion of soil fertility and diminishing returns to the farmers and almost zero investment 

on land development has set in motion a dynamic problem of degradation. Many small and marginal seek alternate livelihood means and 

work as wage labour in nearby areas. Mining and quarrying activity have further worsen this has resulted in degradation of the fertile farm 

land of the farmers by erosion of the unfertile mass of soil dumped by these mines. Lack of employment opportunity in village has created 

migration resulting in daily wage labour in these mines and quarries. 

Sl 

no 

Village 

Total 

population 

Table no. 23: Migration details 

Migration 

Migration by months 

Total Male Female 

Up to 3 

months 

3-6 

months 

More than 

6 months 

1 Kevdi kund 758 253 202 51 93 159 0 

2 Kantvav 570 187 148 39 69 118 0 

3 Selarpur 1150 388 313 75 143 244 0 

4 Ghodbar 2129 717 577 140 265 452 0 

5 Mandan 1556 525 424 101 194 331 0 

6 Vankal 4017 1339 1071 268 496 844 0 

7 Jarani 662 221 177 44 82 139 0 

8 Ongnisha 1686 570 460 110 211 359 0 

9 Sandhara 348 110 85 25 41 70 0 

10 Ratoli 1127 379 305 74 140 239 0 

11 Boria 1501 498 397 101 184 314 0 

Main 

reason for 

migration 

1. 

Harvesting 

of Sugarcane 

2. Daily 

wage 

employment 

Income 

during 

migration / 

month 

Rs. 5000/ 

month 



3.8 Poverty 

The villages have very poor population due to lack opportunity to the villagers. Nearly 30 per cent of the total households are poor of 

which 31 per cent lies 0-16 while other 69 per cent are in 16-20. There is ample opportunity for various livelihood actives to increase the 

opportunities. 

Table no. 24: Poverty 

Sl no Village Total Household 

BPL 

% of land less 

% of BPL HH Total Land less HH 

0-16 16-20 Total 

HH 

1 Kevdi kund 178 26 90 116 65.2 37 20.8 

2 Kantvav 187 5 17 22 11.8 20 10.7 

3 Selarpur 241 18 69 87 36.1 53 22.0 

4 Ghodbar 257 39 78 117 45.5 77 30.0 

5 Mandan 527 10 102 112 21.3 133 25.2 

6 Vankal 1056 135 218 353 33.4 431 40.8 

7 Jarani 176 19 42 61 34.7 15 8.5 

8 Ongnisha 315 43 84 127 40.3 21 6.7 

9 Sandhara 123 26 28 54 43.9 22 17.9 

10 Ratoli 264 8 12 20 7.6 80 30.3 

11 Boria 345 14 19 33 9.6 80 23.2 

3.9 Infrastructure facilities 

All watershed villages are well connected with others villages within the taluka as well as adjoining talukas like Mandvi, Umarpada and 

Valiya taluka with pucca roads. Each village has electricity connectivity under Jyotigram Yojana of the State Government. Nearly 90% of 

households in the villages have their personal electric meters. The villages have primary school with all facilities like personal computers. For 

middle and higher secondary education, the students have to go to Vankal and Jhankhvav village. Out of 11 villages, 9 villages are having 

separate gram panchayat with panchayat office. 



Sl 

no 

Village 

Pucca 

road 

to the 

Village 

(Y/N) 

Schools 

LP UP HS 

Table no. 25: Village infrastructure 

Distance 

Post 

from 

Colleges 

Banks 

Office 

nearest 

(Number) 

(Number) 

(Distance) 

market 

yard 

Milk 

collection 

centre 

(Number) 

Milk 

cooperative 

(Number) 

Other 

cooperatives 

/ CBIs 

(Number) 

Any other 

institution 

1 Kevdi kund Y Y N N N 10 10 10 Y N - - 

2 Kantvav Y Y N N N 5 5 5 Y N - - 

3 Selarpur Y Y N N N 6 6 6 Y N - - 

4 Ghodbar Y Y N N N 7 7 7 Y N - - 

5 Mandan Y Y N N N 4 4 4 Y N - - 

6 Vankal Y Y N Y Y 0 0 0 Y Y - ITI 

7 Jarani Y Y N N N 3 3 3 Y N - - 

8 Ongnisha Y Y N N N 6 6 6 Y N - - 

9 Sandhara Y Y N N N 7 7 7 Y N - - 

10 Ratoli Y Y N N N 7 7 7 Y N - - 

11 Boria Y Y N N N 2 2 2 Y N - - 

Sl 

no 

Village 

HHs with 

electricity 

HHs with 

safety 

latrines 

Table no. 26: Facilities / HH assets 

HHs with phones HHs with vehicle 

Land line Mobile 2-wheeler 4-wheeler 

HHs with 

TV set 

HHs with 

cooking 

gas 

HHs with 

Drinking 

water 

1 Kevdi kund 178 51 9 196 51 4 17 20 178 5 

2 Kantvav 187 58 9 206 75 8 24 34 187 14 

3 Selarpur 241 69 12 265 76 7 27 27 241 7 

4 Ghodbar 257 61 13 283 103 10 51 56 257 18 

5 Mandan 527 96 26 580 113 6 52 58 527 16 

6 Vankal 1056 598 348 1479 697 68 876 793 1056 623 

HHs 

with 

freedge 



7 Jarani 176 50 9 194 43 4 28 29 176 5 

8 Ongnisha 315 75 16 347 74 5 31 35 315 9 

9 Sandhara 123 35 6 135 49 2 12 14 123 4 

10 Ratoli 264 75 13 290 64 5 26 29 264 8 

11 Boria 345 78 17 380 138 7 49 38 345 12 

Village Infrastructure 



3.10 Livelihood pattern:- 

The villagers earn their livelihood from agriculture and animal husbandry. During lean seasons they go as daily wage labourers at sugar 

field of Kim and industries of Surat, Ankleshwer and Bharuch. People also collect Mahuva flowers as apart time wage earning. 

Table no. 27: Income 


Agriculture Animal husbandry Casual labour Others Total income 

(lack/year) 

(lack/year) (lack/year) (lack/year) (lack/year) 

1 Kevdi kund 21.5 94.8 1.9 6.9 119.7 

2 Kantvav 21.2 96.5 1.0 18.7 132.0 

3 Selarpur 22.3 84.6 2.9 12.5 116.7 

4 Ghodbar 36.9 128.4 3.8 21.8 181.8 

5 Mandan 39.1 162.9 5.3 20.6 218.0 

6 Vankal 56.4 206.6 32.9 137.3 419.2 

7 Jarani 12.6 128.1 1.9 9.4 148.8 

8 Ongnisha 23.2 143.1 2.9 12.3 175.7 

9 Sandhara 11.9 61.7 3.8 4.7 79.1 

10 Ratoli 33.8 107.7 3.8 10.3 147.2 

11 Boria 19.9 204.5 5.8 13.5 238.7 

3.11 Dependence on Common Property Resource 

The vast majority of the denizens of this region depend on Common property resources. Most of them continue to live a virtually handto-mouth 

existence. Their pathetic poverty seems, in fact, to have further worsened in recent years, as their traditional pasture lands have been 

rapidly depleting due to over-grazing and encroachments. Excessive mining and quarrying in the area has also resulted in depletion of the 

fertile land due to deposition of unfertile land mass and erosion of these deposits to fertile lands. This has also resulted in diversion of the 

natural drains and disturbing the natural hydrology of the area. 




Village 

Benefit type 1 (Fodder) 

Table no.28: Dependence on Forest/CPR 

Benefit type 2 (Fuel) 

Benefit type 3 

(Furniture + Medicine) 

Sl no 

Total income 

% sells Income % sells Income % sells Income 

1 Kevdi kund 38% 0.17 23% 0.10 2% 0.01 0.28 

2 Kantvav 53% 0.24 32% 0.14 7% 0.04 0.43 

3 Selarpur 50% 0.22 30% 0.13 6% 0.04 0.40 

4 Ghodbar 53% 0.24 32% 0.14 8% 0.05 0.42 

5 Mandan 60% 0.27 36% 0.16 12% 0.07 0.50 

6 Vankal 27% 0.12 16% 0.07 2% 0.01 0.21 

7 Jarani 56% 0.25 33% 0.15 7% 0.04 0.44 

8 Ongnisha 33% 0.15 20% 0.09 3% 0.02 0.25 

9 Sandhara 70% 0.31 42% 0.19 12% 0.07 0.57 

10 Ratoli 43% 0.19 26% 0.12 5% 0.03 0.34 

11 Boria 30% 0.13 18% 0.08 1% 0.00 0.22 

Table no. 29: Livelihood pattern (Occupational distribution) 

Sl Name of Total 

Animal Agriculture Casual 

Agriculture 

no Village workforce 

husbandry (AH) + AH labour 

Services Handicraft Others 

1 Kevdi kund 859 141 282 423 4 9 0 0 

2 Kantvav 926 167 283 450 2 24 0 0 

3 Selarpur 898 188 248 436 6 16 4 0 

4 Ghodbar 1138 180 370 550 8 28 3 0 

5 Mandan 1786 394 478 872 11 26 5 0 

6 Vankal 2688 625 591 1216 69 176 11 0 

7 Jarani 1091 161 376 537 4 12 2 0 

8 Ongnisha 1453 294 420 714 6 16 3 0 

9 Sandhara 580 101 181 282 8 6 2 0 



10 Ratoli 1042 184 325 509 8 13 3 0 

11 Boria 1780 265 609 874 12 17 3 0 



Chapter 4 

WATERSHED ACTIVITIES 



4.1 Watershed Activities 

Watershed management as a strategy is been adapted by government of India especially in the rain fed region of semi-arid tropics. 

These regions are characterized by low and undependable rain, low soil fertility, poor infrastructure development, law literacy and high 

incident of migration. The inheritant low fertility of crops results in high productivity of crops which have very law biological efficiency. 

Several studies have identified that there is a dire need of a systematic and scientific approach to deal with watershed development. 

The common guidelines generate a fresh and flexible framework for the next generation watershed development. 

4.1.1 Cluster Approach 

This envisages a broader vision of Geo-hydrological unit which involves treating a cluster of micro-watershed. The Mandan project 

consist of eight micro-watersheds namely 5C1B3b3b, 5C1B3b3a, 5C1B3b1h, 5C1A4a3d, 5C1B3b1e, 5C1B3b1g, 5C1B3a3b, 5C1B3a3f as their 

respective codes. Further Mandan watershed project is in continuation with other watershed programme namely IWDP. 

4.1.2 Baseline survey 

To access the impact of any watershed development programme a detailed baseline survey has to be constructed. This acts a 

benchmark for any intervention during and post implementation of any development programme. A detailed baseline survey was been 

undertaken which involved household census survey, Bio-physical survey and village level data collection from Talati-cum mantri. Household 

census survey includes a detailed questionnaire which was been filled by visiting each and every house-hold in the village. This gave in the 

details of the demographic profile of the village, the literacy percentage, SC/ST population, number of BPL household, cattle population, net 

consumption rate in the village, and average milk production of the castles and varies schemes running and their benefits. 

Bio-physical survey was been undertake to identify various natural resources available in the village. It included the soil typology, well 

in the area, crop taken in the field, cropping pattern, fertilizer used and various sources of irrigation in the field. 

a) Door to Door Survey: The primary data was generated through questionnaire surveys in all the villages. The questionnaire was structured 

so as to derive the information related to the objectives set forth. Mostly talked to 



• Head of the families 

• Mostly females (between 65% and 70%) 

• Mostly younger adults (Age group : 25 – 44) 

• High School education 

• Sarpanch and Talathi of respective Gram Panchayats. 

• Farmers, Agricultural labours, diamond polishing workers, handicraft unit workers, electric drum making units and workers of thresher 

units. 

• Cattle Breeders 

• Landless labour 

The questionnaire was divided into nine modules through which information is extracted pertaining to 

• Village details 

• Population details 

• Water supply details 

• Water source details 

• Questions about community engagement 

• Questions about Livelihood 

• Awareness about Specific programme: Watershed 

• Desire to do more activities related to occupation 

• Productivity of farms 

The secondary data was obtained through Census reports (2001). Data pertaining to social profile is also collected through Census 

reports. Secondary data related to different kinds of capital assets were collected from different departments of Government agencies such as 



Revenue Office, Primary Health Centre, District Rural development Agency initiative-SGSY Programme office, working on poverty alleviation, 

Village Panchyat, other NGOs and development societies etc. 

b) Field to field Survey: Field to field survey was also carried out in the farms, community land, pasture land and land under Gram Panchayat. 

It also includes the soil profiles, no of wells in the area, crop taken in the field, cropping pattern, fertilizer used and various sources of irrigation 

in the field. The details of agriculture as well as pasture lands of the village where the existing condition and structures to be proposed, were 

written down. Almost all the farmers of the village were there to support the survey team. The purpose of the survey was also to understand 

water availability, patterns of water use and peoples’ understanding & perceptions about both surface and groundwater resources in this area. 

Village agreements will be done on the basis of such detailed work. This also survey looked at the pattern of surface and groundwater use and 

the basic understanding of farmers regarding groundwater recharge and discharge. This understanding was expected to help in improved 

planning for any watershed programme and to develop longer-term protocols of groundwater management in respective areas. 

c) Demand survey: To know about the livelihood pattern of the village and the present status and practice capacities required are discussed. 

Quantitative involved also on possible micro enterprise development for sustainable development of village extensively for SC/ST and 

landless/migrated poor people. 

4.1.3 Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) 

The past experience of watershed has given tremendous input to focus on creating accountability of the stakeholders towards the 

program me. This has created an emphasis to include all the stakeholder communities and their local and indigenous Technological knowledge 

(ITK) while planning for any activity. Participatory approach Provide a new path for planning, implementing, monitoring and post-withdrawal 

activities with a complete accountability of the stakeholders. This decrease the effort of the ground staff i.e. WDT members and involves more 

of villagers as implementers. Various PRA techniques like resource mapping, social mapping, and season calendars were used to understand 

the physical and social orientation of the village in general and watershed in specific. These tools put the villagers ease than the complicated 



questionnaires. Various tools like matrix ranking, vane diagram were used to indentify various local vegetation (apt for a forestation), fodders 

crops, various institution and their significance in the life of the farmers. 

In order to understand the social, economic and political aspect of all the villages of the cluster, we conducted Participatory Rural 

Appraisal (PRA) exercise with the help of the villagers. It was really a useful tool to appreciate the village in its totality. We had the opportunity 

to interact with more than 600 numbers of people in each village. To reach a concrete conclusion we requested a few villagers for focused 

discussion and it was entertained. As per their convenience we conducted focused group discussion at the Community hall and Panchayat 

Bhavan ground. In majority of the discussion, we listened to them carefully and tried to appreciate the discussion. Output generated through 

these exercise is placed below. 

a) Resource Map: Through resource map we came to know about all the residential pattern of village, community pasture land, farm areas, 

about the river etc. It also gave us a fair idea about the pasture land, other land distribution pattern and different resources of the village. 

b) Social Map: After this exercise we came to know the approximate location of different institution of the village. During this exercise we also 

had informal discussions with the participants about the importance of these institutions. Important location pointed out during this 

exercise was Community Centre, Panchayat Bhavan, temple, Primary School etc. We cross checked all the location. 

c) Seasonal Diagram: With this exercise we came to know about the major engagements of villagers across the twelve months of the year. We 

found that rainfed agriculture and animal husbandry keep them busy at least for seven to eight months of the year. About drinking water 

they informed that, situation in the month of March to June is really difficult as they get water once in three days. 

d) Tree matrix: We came to know about different trees of the villages and their respective utilities as fruit, fuel, fodder, medicine, timber etc. 

Major trees pointed out by villagers under this exercise were Pipal, Neem, Bor, Lemon, Banyan and Pipara etc. Taking into consideration all 

the utilities it was found that the tree having maximum utility is Chiku and lemon. 



e) Crop Pattern: Agriculture is the primary source of livelihood for more than 70% household. After this exercise we came to know that there 

are two major cropping pattern kharif and partially in rabi. Under kharif cotton, ground nut and fodder crops and in rabi, major crops 

grown are wheat, cumin, gram and vegetables. 

f) Income-Expenditure Pot: Under this exercise we came to know about the different sources of income of villagers and how the money 

earned by the villagers is being spent under different heads. It was found that major source of earning among villagers are farming, dairy, 

service etc. Major expenditure component were food, fuel, fodder, schooling of children, medicines, festivals, relatives, and paan etc. 

One focussed group discussion was organised to understand the status of different Self help Group operating in the village. This discussion 

concentrated around the activities of SHG, terms and conditions of membership, working pattern of different SHG and their role in the 

development of society etc 

Another curiosity in our mind was about the political institution of the village. Apart from different institution discussion was 

concentrated about gram panchayat issue. Here the major discussion point was participation of women and deprived section of the society in 

the decision making process, their representation in the panchayat. How the panchayat facilitates the process of development and poverty 

alleviation. In this process its relation with different institution of village like dispensary, Aanganwari Kendra, Primary School and High school 

was also discussed. 

The whole purpose was to identify the employment opportunities available during the different seasons in a year, income, expenditure, 

crisis management, daily activities and time allotted to each activity, the leisure time of men and women, and market network for agricultural 

produce etc. In the gender analysis, an attempt was made to find out the gendered division of labour, the status of women in relation to the 

right to use, to own and sell different household properties, the means of production of the household, and the role and participation of women 

in decision-making at intra household and community levels. 



To identify different problems faced by villagers a separate focussed discussion was carried out. The villagers were grouped in to 

different types as shown below to know all the details of the village in a stipulated time. 

• Small and marginal farmers 

• Large farmers 

• Landless farmers 

• Women 

• Gram Panchayat members 

• Cattle grazing population 

• Business man and women 

Problems Identification 

After analysis the information collected during PRA exercise, the main problems identified as 

• Poor fertility of soil and low agricultural productivity 

• Soil Erosion from farm land 

• Improper crop rotation 

• Less use of bio-fertilizers 

• Almost negligible cultivation of arid fruits 

• Less cultivation of vegetables 

• Low milk production and rearing of non descript breeds 

• No use of vermi compost 

• Lack of value addition practices 



• Drinking Water 

• Less availability of fodder 

• Market (No nearby) 

• Migration 

• Sanitation Problems 

• Less Nutritional Level 

• Malnutrition in few farm families 

4.1.4 Use of GIS and Remote Sensing for planning 

Use of various high science tools has been promoted at various stages of watershed development. 

a) Prioritization: Geographical Information System (GIS) has been used for prioritization process. Various layer maps were created like Geomorphological, 

Soil, BPL population, ST/ST population, Ground water status, and Drinking water situation slope percent. These were all 

given proper weight ages according to the DoLR specification. This helped in prioritization of various watershed areas. 

b) Planning: A action plan matrix was been formulated by State Level Nodal Agency (SLNA) taking into account various features like the slope 

percent, soil depth, Soil Texture, Soil erosion in the area for wasteland, forest land and agriculture land. 

Global Positioning System (GPS) was used to identify each and every water conservation structures available in the project area. This will be 

used to create a map. Contour map of vertical interval of 1 meter at a scale of 1:8000 was used for identifying various location specific for soil 

and water conservation structures. 

c) Hydrological modelling: Hydrological modelling technique was being used for locating drainage, stream length, flow direction, sink, and 

Flow accumulation. This model overlaid over cadastral map hell to calculate the catchment area of each structures like the check dam etc. 

This has helped to remove the human error which generally occurring while calculating the catchment area of a check dam. 



Resource Map 

Women Daily Routine Activity 

Social Map 

Men Daily Routine Activity 



Table no. 30: Details of Scientific Planning and Inputs in IWMP projects 

S. No. Scientific criteria/ inputs used 

Whether scientific 

criteria was used 

(A) Planning 

Cluster approach 

Yes 

Whether technical back-stopping for the project has been arranged? If yes, mention the name of the Institute 

Yes 

Baseline survey 

Yes 

Hydro-geological survey 

Yes 

Contour mapping 

Yes 

Participatory Net Planning (PNP) 

Yes 

Remote sensing data-especially soil/ crop/ run-off cover - 

Ridge to Valley treatment 

Yes 

Online IT connecti4ty between 

(1) Project and DRDA cell/ZP Yes 

(2) DRDA and SLNA Yes 

(3) SLNA and DoLR Yes 

Availability of GIS layers 

1. Cadastral map Yes 

2. Village boundaries Yes 

3. Drainage Yes 

4. Soil (Soil nutrient status) Yes 

5. Land use Yes 

6. Ground water status Yes 

7. Watershed boundaries Yes 

8. Activity Yes 

Crop simulation models # 

Integrated coupled analyzer/ near infrared visible spectroscopy/ medium spectroscopy for high speed soil 

nutrient analysis 

Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)# 

Weather Station 



(B) Inputs 

1. Bio-pesticides Yes 

2. Organic manures Yes 

3. Vermicompost Yes 

4. Bio-fertilizer Yes 

5. Water saving devices Yes 

6. Mechanized tools/ implements Yes 

7. Bio-fencing Yes 

8. Nutrient budgeting Yes 

9. Automatic water level recorders & sediment samplers Yes 

Any other (please specify) 

#NDVI - Ratio of the differences of the response of vegetation in the near infrared & red regions of the electromagnetic spectrum 

Sr. 

No. 

Village 

Name 

1 Kevadi kund 

2 Kantvav 

Table no.31: Details of PRA Activities conducted in the project area 

Name of the PRA 

Number of 

Date 

Present Situation 

Activity / FGD 

people present 

Time Line 

1. Historical information of 

Daily Routine Map 

village about which 

thing happen at what 

Resource Map 

22/07/2011 31 

time, 

Wealth Ranking 

2. Drinking water problem, 

Seasonal Map 

3. Mapping of existing 

Transect Walk 

structure and 

Time Line 

determining number of 


working and nonworking 

physical assets, 

Resource Map 

21/09/2011 77 4. Migration problem, 


5. Ranking of people 

Seasonal Map 

according to wealth as 

Transect Walk 

poor, medium and rich, 

6. Cropping system (Single 

3 Selarpur Time Line 04/10/2011 32 

Problem Identification 

1. Poor fertility of soil and 

low agricultural 

productivity 

2. Soil Erosion from farm 

land 

3. Improper Crop Rotation 

4. Less use of bio-fertilizers 

5. Almost negligible 

cultivation of arid fruits 

6. Less cultivation of 

vegetables 

7. Low milk production and 

rearing of non descript 

breeds 

8. No use of vermi compost 



4 Ghodbar 

5 Mandan 

6 Vankal 

7 Jarani 


Resource Map 


Seasonal Map 

Transect Walk 

Time Line 


Resource Map 


Seasonal Map 

Transect Walk 

Time Line 


Resource Map 


Seasonal Map 

Transect Walk 

Time Line 


Resource Map 


Seasonal Map 

Transect Walk 

Time Line 


Resource Map 


03/09/2011 36 

25/08/2011 28 

03/10/2011 123 

04/10/2011 26 

cropping system) 

7. Poor productivity less, 

8. No horticulture crops, 

9. Existing structure 

mapping & analysis of 

current situation 

9. Lack of value addition 

practices 

10. Drinking Water 

11. Less availability of fodder 

12. Market (No nearby) 

13. Migration 

14. Sanitation Problems 

15. Less Nutritional Level 

16. Malnutrition in few farm 

families 



8 Ongisha 

9 Sandhara 

10 Ratoti 

11 Boria 

Seasonal Map 

Transect Walk 

Time Line 


Resource Map 


Seasonal Map 

Transect Walk 

Time Line 


Resource Map 


Seasonal Map 

Transect Walk 

Time Line 


Resource Map 


Seasonal Map 

Transect Walk 

Time Line 


Resource Map 


Seasonal Map 

Transect Walk 

28/09/2011 38 

05/10/2011 59 

20/09/2011 43 

07/06/2011 53 





Problem Identification in Project Area 





4.2 Institutional formation in watershed 

4.2.1 Watershed Committees (WC) 

These are the committees formed by gram sabha to implement the watershed project works within their village with technical support 

of WDTs’. These committees are to be registered under societies Registration Act-1860. Chairman & secretary of the committee are selected by 

gram sabha. Both the persons are from their villages. Capacity building training to watershed committee members was given by WDT 

members. 

Sl. 

No. 

1 

The watershed committee has pivotal role during various process like PRA & overall planning. 

Names of 

WCs 

Ognisha 

watershed 

commnittee 

Table no. 32: Watershed Committee details 

Villages covered: Ognisha, Sandhara 

Date of 

Registration 

Educationa Functio 

as a Society 

l n/s 

(dd/mm/ 

Landless 

UG SHG GP other n d# 

Any qualificatio assigne 

yyyy) Name of Member Designation M/F SC ST SF MF LF 

Bagubhai M. Chaudhari President M √ √ √ std. 7th 

Under 

Progress 

Karshanbhai M. Chaudhari Secretary M √ √ S. S.C 

Piyushbhai B. Chaudhari WDT(Civil) M √ D. C. E 

Sandipbhai N. Chaudhari Member M √ √ std. 7th 

Kuntaben K. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ H. S.C 

Dhirubhai V. Chaudhari Member M √ √ std. 7th 

Arvindbhai J. Chaudhari Member M √ √ S. S.C 

Pratapbhai S. Chaudhari Member M √ √ S. S.C 

Girishbhai R. Chaudhari Member M √ √ H. S.C 

Manjuben V. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ S. S.C 

Arunaban J. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ H. S.C 



Dineshbhai H. Vasava Member M √ √ Std. 9th 

2 

3 

Ghodbar 

watershed 

commnittee 

Boriya 

watershed 

commnittee 

Under 

Progress 

Under 

Progress 

Villages covered: Ghodbar 

Vijaybhai N. Chaudhari President M √ √ √ S. S.C 

Girishbhai K. Chaudhari Secretary M √ √ H. S.C 


Shukkarbhai B. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Std. 7th 

Rameshbhai M. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Std. 2nd 

Sangitaben M. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ √ H. S. C 

Sunitaben R. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ H. S. C 

Janabhai D. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Std. 7th 

Ishwarbhai C. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Std. 5th 

Subhasbhai G. Chaudhari Member M √ √ H. S. C 

Mansighbhai P. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Std. 5th 

Jayotiben G. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ H.S.C 

Villages covered: Boriya 

Rangajibhai M. Chaudhari President M √ √ √ Std. 9th 

Parvinbhai S. Chaudhari Secretary M √ √ Std. 12th 


Nishaben K. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ H. S. C 

Kapilaben B. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ Std. 8th 

Saritaben D. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ √ Std .12th 

Sumanbhai D. Chaudhari Member M √ √ √ Std. 7th 

Hamanabhai V. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Illirate 

Rangitbhai D. Chaudhari Member M √ √ H. S. C 



4 

5 

Mandan 

watershed 

commnittee 

Selarpur 

watershed 

commnittee 

Under 

Progress 

Under 

Progress 

Koliyabhai V. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Illirate 

Ganeshbhai D. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Std. 7th 

Rangajibhai L. Chaudhari Member M √ √ S. S.C 

Villages covered: Mandan 

Sureshbhai S. Chaudhari President M √ √ H. S. C 

Motirambhai N. Chaudhari Secretary M √ √ Std .5th 


Mansukhbhai M. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Std. 4th 

Mashuben K. Vasava Member F √ √ √ Std. 5th 

Chayaben G. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ Std. 7th 

Banuben M. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ Std. 4th 

Jivanbhai V. Chaudhari Member M √ √ B. A 

Jitubhai J. Chaudhari Member M √ √ √ Std .4th 

Vanrajbhai K. Vasava Member M √ √ Std. 4th 

Nareshbhai S. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Std. 4th 

Motibhai J. Vasava Member M √ √ Std. 4th 

Villages covered: Selarpur 

Chandhubhai V. Chaudhari President M √ √ Std. 7th 

Naranbhai N.Chaudhari Secretary M √ √ √ Std. 7th 


Genubhai S. Chadhari Member M √ √ Std. 7th 

Champaben Z. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ Illiterate 

Manjibhai D. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Std. 7th 

Chetanbhai C. Chaudhari Member M √ √ S. S. C 



6 

7 

Kantavav 

watershed 

commnittee 

Kevadikund 

watershed 

commnittee 

Under 

Progress 

Under 

Progress 

Shankarbhai B. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Std. 7th 

Damentaben P. Chauhdhari Member F √ √ √ Illiterate 

Veljibhai A. Chaudhari Member M √ √ S. S. C 

Chotubhai D. Chaudhari Member M √ √ S. S. C 

Baguben N. Chaudhari Member F √ √ Illiterate 

Villages covered: Kantavav 

Rajendarbhai U. Chaudhari President M √ √ √ B. A 

Natvarbhai D. Chaudhari Secretary M √ √ B. A 


Tulshibhai V. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Std. 4th 

Naginbhai N. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Std. 7th 

Bhudhiyabhai D. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Illiterate 

Naginbhai C. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Illiterate 

Kamuben A. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ S. S. C 

Rekhaben R. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ Std. 5th 

Ravitaben V. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ Std. 5th 

Raghubhai S. Chaudhari Member M √ √ √ Std. 2th 

Villages covered: Kevadi kund 

Kishorbhai M. Vasava President M √ √ √ H. S. C 

Ratilalbhai S. Vasava Secretary M √ √ B. A 


Jasvantbhai D. Vasava Member M √ √ H. S. C 

Manshukhbhai M. Vasava Member M √ √ Std. 5th 

Lakshmanbhai R. Vasava Member M √ √ Illterate 



8 

9 

Ratoti 

watershed 

commnittee 

Vankal 

watershed 

commnittee 

Under 

Progress 

Under 

Progress 

Dhanksighbhai M. Vasava Member M √ √ Illetrate 

Rashikbhai S. Vasava Member M √ √ Std. 5th 

Champaben G. Vasava Member F √ √ √ Illterte 

Pintuben B. Vasava Member F √ √ √ S. S. C 

Villages covered: Ratoti 

Mukeshbhai V. Gamit President M √ √ √ S. S. C 

Parkashbhai A. Gamit Secretary M √ √ B. A 


Kailashbhai R. Gamit Member M √ √ B. A 

Tulshibhai H. Vasava Member M √ √ B. A 

Arvindbhai R. Gamit Member M √ √ B. A 

Vinubhai H. Chaudhari Member M √ √ H. S. C 

Manishaben G. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ S. S. C 

Iilaben A. Chaudhari Member F √ √ √ S. S. C 

Nayanaben J. Chaudhari Member F √ √ S. S. C 

Harishbhai J. Chaudhari Member M √ √ S. S. C 

Parvinbhai D. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Illiterate 

Villages covered: Vankal, Zarani 

Karshanbhai B. Gamit President M √ √ √ Std. 2nd 

Rajeshbhai A. Gamit Secretary M √ √ B. A 


Kavitaben G. Chaudhari Member F √ √ S. S.C 

Kapilaben M. Gamit Member F √ √ √ S. S.C 

Nanubhai C. Chaudhari Member M √ √ H. S.C 



Madhubhai P. Chaudhari Member M √ Std 4th 

Babubhai S. Chaudhari Member M √ √ √ H. S. C 

Jasvantbhai V. Chaudhari Member M √ √ H. S.C 

Rinaben Chaudhari Member F √ √ H. S.C 

Maheshbhai R. Chaudhari Member M √ √ S. S. C 

Champakbhai M. Chaudhari Member M √ √ Std. 8th 

# Only the letter assigned, as below, needs to be typed, except for `J’, where the type may be specifically mentioned. 

A. PNP and PRA B. Planning 

C. Maintenance of Accounts D. Signing of cheques and making payments 

E. Super4sion of construction acti4ties F. Cost Estimation 

G. Verification & Measurement H. Record of labour employed 

I. Social Audit J. Any other (please specify). 

4.2.2 Self Help group (SHG) 

Self Help group are motivated, small homogeneous group organised together through highly successful of credit and thrift activities. Self 

Help Group initiative especially for women to uplift their livelihood. Generally self help group includes landless and marginal sized farm 

women, BPL household, SC/ST women. 

SHG initiative in Mandan watershed was being organized by having a focused group discussion between various homogeneous 

communities of women based on their livelihood separately. Each group discussed their basic problems with their facilitators. The major 

problems identified are: 

a. Lack of proper credit facilities due to low intervention of formal financial credit institutes. 

b. Excessive exploitation of weaker section by money lenders. 

c. Lack of attitude of saving among poor people due to complex and rigid conventional financial institution structure. 

d. Lack of small micro- loans without collaterals and high interest rates. 



e. Lack of knowledge on credit, Thrift activity and banking. 

With a view point of these problems it was planned to organize these women group consisting of 12 to 20 to each groups and it was also 

proposed to have 8 groups. 

With detailed discussion with some of the local NGOs working in the area like SEWA, it was planned to have some capacity building 

training regarding SHG activities. It was also proposed to have some livelihood activities which will promote women empowerment this 

included spices packing, embroidery activities with forward and backward linkage. This will ultimately lead into a better human development 

in the village. 

S. 

No. 

With 

only 

Men 

Total no. of registered SHGs 

With 

only 

Women 

Table no. 33: SHG detail 

No. of members 

No. of SC/ST in each 

category 

No. of BPL in each 

category 


Village 

With 

both Total Categories M F Total M F Total M F Total 

(i)Landless 10 10 20 10 10 20 3 4 7 

1 

Kevdi 

(ii) SF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

1 1 0 2 

kund 

(iii) MF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 1 1 0 2 10 10 20 10 10 20 3 4 7 

(i)Landless 0 10 10 0 10 10 0 10 10 

2 Kantvav 0 2 0 2 

(ii) SF 0 15 15 0 15 15 0 0 0 

(iii) MF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 0 2 0 2 0 25 25 0 25 25 0 10 10 

3 Selarpur 0 1 0 1 

(i)Landless 0 7 7 0 7 7 0 6 6 

(ii) SF 0 8 8 0 8 8 0 0 0 

(iii) MF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 



(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 0 1 0 1 0 15 15 0 15 15 0 6 6 

(i)Landless 5 4 9 5 4 9 5 4 9 

4 Ghodbar 1 1 0 2 

(ii) SF 5 5 10 5 5 10 0 0 0 

(iii) MF 1 1 2 1 1 2 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 1 1 0 2 11 10 21 11 10 21 5 4 9 

(i)Landless 3 0 3 3 0 3 3 0 3 

5 Mandan 1 0 0 1 

(ii) SF 7 0 7 7 0 7 3 0 3 

(iii) MF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 1 0 0 1 10 0 10 10 0 10 6 0 6 

(i)Landless 0 10 10 0 10 10 0 8 8 

6 Vankal 0 1 0 1 

(ii) SF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

(iii) MF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 0 1 0 1 0 10 10 0 10 10 0 8 8 

(i)Landless 0 5 5 0 5 5 0 5 5 

7 Jarani 0 2 0 2 

(ii) SF 0 10 10 0 10 10 0 0 0 

(iii) MF 0 5 5 0 5 5 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 0 2 0 2 0 20 20 0 20 20 0 5 5 

(i)Landless 0 3 3 0 3 3 0 3 3 

8 Ongnisha 0 2 0 2 

(ii) SF 0 8 8 0 8 8 0 1 1 

(iii) MF 0 6 6 0 6 6 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 3 3 0 3 3 0 0 0 

Total 0 2 0 2 0 20 20 0 20 20 0 4 4 



(i)Landless 0 4 4 0 4 4 0 4 4 

9 Sandhara 0 2 0 2 

(ii) SF 0 5 5 0 5 5 0 4 4 

(iii) MF 0 6 6 0 6 6 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 5 5 0 5 5 0 0 

Total 0 2 0 2 0 20 20 0 20 20 0 8 8 

(i)Landless 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 

10 Ratoti 0 1 0 1 

(ii) SF 0 5 5 0 5 5 0 3 3 

(iii) MF 0 3 3 0 3 3 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 0 1 0 1 0 10 10 0 10 10 0 5 5 

(i)Landless 0 6 6 0 6 6 0 6 6 

11 Boria 0 2 0 2 

(ii) SF 0 12 12 0 12 12 0 4 4 

(iii) MF 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 0 0 

Total 0 2 0 2 0 22 22 0 22 22 0 10 10 

Grant Total 3 15 0 18 31 162 193 31 162 193 14 64 78 

4.2.3 User Group:- 

These are homogeneous group of persons having land holding within the watershed area. They are normally formed to manage an 

activity or asset on long term basis. The user group collect user charge from their members. Some of the points with were considered while 

forming a user group in Mandan. In case of check dam all the beneficiary of the individual check dam where involved as user group members. In 

case of Fodder bank all the individual beneficiaries of animal husbandry are considered as potential members. Membership was on voluntary 

and democratic. Focused group discussion was conducted to between the user groups to discuss the above conditions and to select potential 

members. It was advocated that each group to formulate certain internal rules and have a feeling of ownership with community spirit. 



S. 

No. 

With 

only 

Men 

Total no. of registered SHGs 

With 

only 

Women 

Table no. 34: UG detail 

No. of members 

No. of SC/ST in each 

category 

No. of BPL in each 

category 


Village 

With 

both Total Categories M F Total M F Total M F Total 

(i)Landless 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

1 

Kevdi 

(ii) SF 2 0 2 2 0 2 0 0 0 

3 0 0 3 

kund 

(iii) MF 2 0 2 2 0 2 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 3 0 0 3 4 0 4 4 0 4 0 0 0 

(i)Landless 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

2 Kantvav 7 0 0 7 

(ii) SF 3 0 3 3 0 3 3 0 3 

(iii) MF 7 0 7 7 0 7 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 7 0 0 7 10 0 10 10 0 10 3 0 3 

(i)Landless 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

3 Selarpur 8 0 0 8 

(ii) SF 5 0 5 5 0 5 5 0 5 

(iii) MF 6 0 6 6 0 6 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 8 0 0 8 11 0 11 11 0 11 5 0 5 

(i)Landless 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

4 Ghodbar 21 0 0 21 

(ii) SF 16 0 16 16 0 16 10 0 10 

(iii) MF 9 0 9 9 0 9 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 21 0 0 21 25 0 25 25 0 25 10 0 10 

5 Mandan 5 0 0 5 

(i)Landless 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

(ii) SF 3 0 3 3 0 3 3 0 3 



(iii) MF 3 0 3 3 0 3 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 5 0 0 5 6 0 6 6 0 6 3 0 3 

(i)Landless 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

6 Vankal 25 0 0 25 

(ii) SF 11 0 11 11 0 11 6 0 6 

(iii) MF 20 0 20 20 0 20 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 25 0 0 25 31 0 31 31 0 31 6 0 6 

(i)Landless 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

7 Jarani 10 0 0 10 

(ii) SF 5 0 5 5 0 5 3 0 3 

(iii) MF 8 0 8 8 0 8 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 2 0 2 2 0 2 0 0 0 

Total 10 0 0 10 15 0 15 15 0 15 3 0 3 

(i)Landless 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

8 Ongnisha 16 0 0 16 

(ii) SF 12 0 12 12 0 12 8 0 8 

(iii) MF 8 0 8 8 0 8 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 16 0 0 16 20 0 20 20 0 20 8 0 8 

(i)Landless 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

9 Sandhara 12 0 0 12 

(ii) SF 7 0 7 7 0 7 5 0 5 

(iii) MF 6 0 6 6 0 6 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 12 0 0 12 13 0 13 13 0 13 5 0 5 

(i)Landless 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

10 Ratoti 10 0 0 10 

(ii) SF 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 0 

(iii) MF 12 0 12 12 0 12 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 



Total 10 0 0 10 14 0 14 14 0 14 2 0 0 

(i)Landless 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

11 Boria 10 0 0 10 

(ii) SF 6 0 6 6 0 6 5 0 0 

(iii) MF 6 0 6 6 0 6 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 10 0 0 10 12 0 12 12 0 12 5 0 0 

Grant Total 117 0 0 117 149 0 149 149 0 149 45 0 43 

4.3 Physical activities to be undertaken under Mandan project (IWMP-IV) 

EPA activities are certain important works which are in urgent demand of the local community. This helps in establishment of 

credibility of watershed Development Team (WDT). It also acts as a rapport building activity of the village community. A group Discussion was 

conducted with watershed Development Committee regarding the EPA activity, it was conveyed to the amount of Rs. 0.24 in Kevdi kund, Rs. 

1.48 in Kantavav, Rs. 1.45 in Selarpur, Rs. 2.32 in Ghodbar, Rs. 0.45 in Mandan, Rs. 3.72 in Vankal, Rs. 1.45 in Jarani, Rs. 1.25 in Ognisha, Rs. 

1.17 in Sandhara, Rs. 1.40 in Ratoti and Rs. 1.40 in Boria was allotted for EPA activity, which was 4% of total allocated budget. The villagers 

discussed various activities which they felt is important but after a brief discussion it was conveyed to them that only those activities can 

taken, which revive the common natural resources and common benefits . It was also taken into priority and convergences with different 

departments were also proposed, which will result in sustainability of activities. 

S. No. 

Names of 

Villages 

Amount 

earmarked 

for EPA 

Table no.35: Entry point activities (EPA) (All financial figures in lakh Rs.) 

Entry Point Activities planned 

Estimated 

cost 

Expected outcome 

Providing drinking 

Kevadi 

Drinking water facility 

1 

0.24 

0.24 water facilities to 

kund 

(Motor repairing, New panel board and water pipeline repairing) 

different faliyas 

2 Kantvav 1.48 Protection wall 80 m 1.48 Control soil erosion 



3 Selarpur 1.45 


(5000 lit. syntax tank with platform and 100 m pipeline with two 

stand post, 1 HP electric motor) 

4 Ghodbar 2.32 Drainage line 150 m 2.32 

5 Mandan 0.45 

6 Vankal 3.72 

7 Jarani 1.45 

8 Ongnisha 1.25 

9 Sandhara 1.17 

10 Ratoli 1.4 


(2000 lit. syntax tank with platform and 20 m pipeline with one 

stand post) 


(5000 lit syntax tank with platform and 180 m pipeline with two 






(2000 lit. syntax tank with platform and 50 m pipeline with one 

stand post) 

1.45 

0.45 

1.22 

1.03 

0.63 

Check dam repairing 0.84 













1.45 

1.25 

1.17 

0.57 


water facilities to 


Disposal & control of 

sewages 




To increase 

groundwater recharge 






11 Boria 1.28 


(2 HP electric motor with 40 m pipeline with two stand post) 





0.83 

1.28 

Drainage line 

Check dam repairing 



4.4 Watershed Development Works: 

Watershed development works is to be done during implementation phase of watershed. Treatments begin from the highest point of the 

watershed and move progressively downwards (ridge to valley), starting with the smallest stream and culminating in the main river of the watershed. 

Work is location-specific, varying according to slope and geology as also the size of the stream being treated. The aim is to weave interventions into the 

contours of nature, not to seek mastery over it. A net budget of 50 percent is allotted for this work. 

4.4.1 Ridge Area Treatment 

In a watershed, the slopes falling from the ridge to the beginning of the plains are called ridge area. It is very important to treat the higher 

reaches of the ridge has this is where the major water resources originate. This involves mainly highly and forest region in the watershed. Various 

watershed managing structures should be build to arrest the erosion and degradation of forest with grasses in upper ridges. 

1. Contour Bund/trench 

2. Bench terraces 

3. Gully plugs 

4. Boulder Checks 

5. Grass seedling/plantations 

Staggered Contour Trenches: In medium rainfall areas with highly dissected topography, Staggered Contour Trenches are adopted. The 

length of the trenches is kept short around 2-3 m and the spacing between the rows may vary from 3-5 m. The chances of breaches of SCT are 

less as compared to CCT. 

Gully plugging Measures: Gullies are a symptom of functional disorder of the land, improper land use and are the most visible result of severe 

soil erosion. They are small drainage channels, which cannot be easily crossed by agricultural equipment. The gully plugging measures include 



vegetative plantings and brushwood check dams, boulder checks, earthen bunds or a combination of both and sand bag plugs etc. Gully plugs 

can be defined as stones placed across gullies or valleys, so as to capture nutrients, silt and moisture. Stones are often embedded into the upper 

surface of spillway aprons and wells to provide support for the next layer. The principle is to capture runoff from a broad catchment area, thus 

transferring low rainfall into utilizable soil moisture, and to pre-vent soil erosion. Slowing of the flow of water helps in settling down 

organically rich soil. A well maintained gully plug creates a flat, fertile and moist field, where high value crops and trees can be grown. 

4.4.2 Middle catchment area treatment 

1. Land leveling 

2. Farm bund 

3. Farm pond 

4. Waste weir 

5. Percolation tank 

Land Leveling: Land leveling is a process of smoothing and grading the land surface to provide a suit-able surface for efficient application of 

irrigation water and uniform leaching of salts. It may be defined as the process of changing the natural topography in such a way so as to 

control the movement of water on to or from the land surface. Land leveling could be considered under the two heads namely development of 

barren uncultivated lands and leveling of currently irrigated lands. Leveling is usually limited to lands, which can be graded economically to 

slopes, which do not ordinarily exceed 2 per cent. 

Farm Bund: Farm bunds are constructed on agricultural land with the aim of arresting soil erosion and improving the soil moisture profile. 

Ideally, bunds on farms should be made on the contour line. But this creates several problems for farmers. These bunds divide the field into 

irregular sections. In such a situation, it becomes inconvenient to maneuver bullocks for operations such as ploughing and line-sowing. 



Farm Pond: For many years farmers have been building ponds for irrigation and livestock. More will be needed in the future. The demand for 

water has increased tremendously in recent years, and ponds are one of the most reliable and economical sources of water. Ponds are now 

serving a variety of purposes, including water for livestock and for irrigation, fish production, field and orchard spraying, energy conservation, 

wildlife habitat, recreation, and landscape improvement. Harvesting of the water in pond, lakes, wells, tanks and reservoirs helps to pre-serve 

this water so that it can be put to varied uses later on. One of the most effective ways of water management is through pond. 

Waste Weir: Waste weirs are structures with regular openings (to dispose of excess runoff) placed in the path of the water. They may be 

permanent or temporary. They are generally located within the structure in case of permanent structures and away from the structure or at 

safe locations in temporary structures. These are constructed also for giving a safe passage to the excess runoff from the field and also store 

some amount of water in the field. The water stored in these structures is mostly confined in field and height is normally less than 0.5 m. and 

excess water is allowed to flow over the head wall. They are usually located at the lowest point of the field forming the inter-bund area. 

Rectangular, triangular and trapezoidal weirs are commonly used in soil and water-conservation structures. 

4.4.3 Lower catchment area treatment 

1. Gabion 

2. Earthen dam 

3. Check wall 

4. Check dam 

Gabion Structure: This is a kind of check dam being commonly constructed across small stream to conserve stream flows with practically low 

submergence beyond stream course with a catchment area of 30-150 ha. Small bund across the stream is made by putting locally available 



boulder in a mesh of steel of mesh wires. This is put up across the stream to make it as a small dam by anchoring it to the stream banks. This 

makes the structure strong and heavy. It acts as a single unit that can withstand a high velocity of runoff. The height of such structures is 

around 1 to 2 meter and is normally used in the streams with width of about 10 to 20 m. Gabion structures have a long life (20-25 years) almost 

similar to cement masonry permanent structures. 

Check Dam: It is an impermeable structure constructed across the drainage line having gentle slope and is feasible both in hard rock as well as 

alluvial formations for storage of water. To harness the maximum run off in the stream, series of such check dams can be constructed to have 

recharge on regional scale. While constructing a series of check dams on along stream course, the spacing between two check dams should be 

beyond their water spread. During the site selection for water harvesting structures under the watershed programmes, the cement masonry 

structures are usually preferred over the earthen structures. 

S. 

No. 

1 


Village 

Kevdi 

kund 

Table no.36: Details of ridge line treatment / land based activities in watershed works* 

Type of treatment Type of land Target 

Name of structures 

(i) 

Ridge (ii) 

area Drainage 

(R) line (D) 

(iii) 

Land 

dev. 

(L) 

(i) 

Private 

(P) 

(ii) 

Community 

(C) 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 


units 

(No./ 

cu.m./ 

rmt/ha) 

Estimated cost (Rs. in lakh) 

M W O T 

Expected 

month & 

year of 

completion 

(mm/yyyy) 

Staggered trench, Ha R D P 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 May-13 

Stone bunding, Mt L P 110 0.57 0.31 0.00 0.88 Jun-13 

Land Leveling, Ha L P 15 0.00 3.00 0.00 3.00 May-14 

Protection wall, Mt L P 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dec-13 

Total 0.57 3.31 0.00 3.88 

2 Kantvav Staggered trench, Ha R D P 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 May-13 






Total 3.31 5.77 0.00 9.08 


3 


Selarpur 



Total 0.32 6.17 0.00 6.50 


4 


Ghodbar 

Land Leveling, Ha L P 14.5 0.00 2.90 0.00 2.90 May-14 


Total 1.22 3.56 0.00 4.78 


5 


Mandan 



Total 0.08 0.04 0.00 0.12 


6 Vankal 


Land Leveling, Ha L P 35.5 0.00 7.10 0.00 7.10 May-14 


Total 1.57 7.94 0.00 9.51 

7 Jarani 







Total 0.59 2.52 0.00 3.10 



8 Ongnisha 



Total 0.60 0.32 0.00 0.93 



9 Sandhara 



Total 0.31 3.17 0.00 3.48 


10 Ratoti 




Total 0.78 0.42 0.00 1.20 

Staggered trench, Ha R D P 1.5 0.00 0.72 0.00 0.72 May-13 

11 Boria 




Total 1.14 5.34 0.00 6.48 

Grant Total 10.50 38.56 0.00 49.06 

(M – Materials, W- wages, O- others, T – Total) 



S. 

No. 

1 

Table no.37: Activities related to Surface water resources in the project areas (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) 

Proposed target 

Augmentation/ repair of existing 

structures Construction of new structures Total target 

Area to 

Area to 

Area to 

be 

Estima be Storage 

be 


irrigated Storage ted irrigate capacit Estimat irrigated Storage Estimated 

Village Type of structures No. (ha) capacity cost No. d (ha) y (lit.) ed cost (ha) capacity cost 

Farm pond 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Waste weir 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Gabion structure 8 0 0.00 2.29 0.00 0.00 2.29 

Kevdi 

Pacca nala plug 2 2 0.40 1.300 2.00 0.40 1.30 

kund 

Check wall 1 1.2 0.36 1.500 1.20 0.36 1.50 

Check dam 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Check dam repairing 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Total 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 3.20 0.76 5.09 3.20 0.76 5.09 

Farm pond 1 1 0.10 5 1.00 0.10 5.00 

Waste weir 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 



Check wall 4 4.8 1.44 8.000 4.80 1.44 8.00 

Check dam 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 


Total 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 17 7.80 1.94 16.55 7.80 1.94 16.55 

Farm pond 1 1 0.10 0.732 1.00 0.10 0.73 

Waste weir 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 


2 Kantvav 

3 Selarpur 




Check wall 3 3.6 1.08 7.500 3.60 1.08 7.50 

Check dam 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 


Total 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 8.60 1.98 13.54 8.60 1.98 13.54 

Farm pond 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Waste weir 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 


4 Ghodbar Pacca nala plug 15 15 3.00 8.250 15.00 3.00 8.25 

Check wall 5 6 1.80 9.800 6.00 1.80 9.80 

Check dam 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Check dam repairing 1 2 0.60 0.3 0 0.00 2.00 0.60 0.30 

Total 1 2.00 0.60 0.30 55 21.00 4.80 26.98 23.00 5.40 27.28 

Farm pond 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Waste weir 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 


5 Mandan Pacca nala plug 3 3 0.60 1.750 3.00 0.60 1.75 

Check wall 2 2.4 0.72 3.000 2.40 0.72 3.00 

Check dam 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Check dam repairing 13 26 7.80 21.2 0 0.00 26.00 7.80 21.20 

Total 13 26.00 7.80 21.20 20 5.40 1.32 8.52 31.40 9.12 29.72 

Farm pond 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Waste weir 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

6 Vankal 



Check wall 14 16.8 5.04 27.400 16.80 5.04 27.40 

Check dam 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 




Total 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 56 27.80 7.24 41.92 27.80 7.24 41.92 

Farm pond 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Waste weir 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 


7 Jarani Pacca nala plug 5 5 1.00 2.850 5.00 1.00 2.85 

Check wall 3 3.6 1.08 4.500 3.60 1.08 4.50 

Check dam 1 2.5 1.00 6.600 2.50 1.00 6.60 

Check dam repairing 1 0.5 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 

Total 1 0.00 0.00 0.50 19 11.10 3.08 16.27 11.10 3.08 16.77 

Farm pond 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Waste weir 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 


8 Ongnisha Pacca nala plug 12 12 2.40 7.820 12.00 2.40 7.82 

Check wall 4 4.8 1.44 8.300 4.80 1.44 8.30 

Check dam 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 


Total 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 34 16.80 3.84 20.72 16.80 3.84 20.72 

Farm pond 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Waste weir 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 


9 Sandhara Pacca nala plug 7 7 1.40 4.350 7.00 1.40 4.35 

Check wall 4 4.8 1.44 6.900 4.80 1.44 6.90 

Check dam 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 


Total 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 25 11.80 2.84 14.75 11.80 2.84 14.75 

10 Ratoti Farm pond 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 



Waste weir 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 



Check wall 8 9.6 2.88 12.200 9.60 2.88 12.20 

Check dam 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Check dam repairing 1 0.5 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 

Total 1 0.00 0.00 0.50 27 11.60 3.28 17.60 11.60 3.28 18.10 

Farm pond 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Waste weir 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 


11 Boria Pacca nala plug 6 6 1.20 3.280 6.00 1.20 3.28 

Check wall 4 4.8 1.44 6.000 4.80 1.44 6.00 

Check dam 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 


Total 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 17 10.80 2.64 11.00 10.80 2.64 11.00 

Grant Total 16 28.00 8.40 22.50 300 135.90 33.72 192.94 163.90 42.12 215.44 

(M – Materials, W- wages, O- others, T – Total) 

S. 

No. 

Table no.38: Activities related to recharging ground water resources in the project areas (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) 

Proposed target 

Augmentation/ repair of existing Construction of new recharging 

recharging structures 

structures 

Total target 

Area to be 

Area to be 

Area to be 


irrigated Estimated 

irrigated Estimated irrigated Estimated 

Villages Type of structures No. (ha) cost No. (ha) cost (ha) cost 

Recharge filter 1 1.2 0.15 1.20 0.15 

Total 0 0.00 0.00 1 1.20 0.15 1.20 0.15 

1 Kevdi kund 

2 Kantvav Recharge filter 2 2.4 0.3 2.40 0.30 



Total 0 0.00 0.00 2 2.40 0.30 2.40 0.30 

3 Selarpur 


Total 0 0.00 0.00 2 2.40 0.30 2.40 0.30 

4 Ghodbar 


Total 0 0.00 0.00 2 2.40 0.30 2.40 0.30 

5 Mandan 


Total 0 0.00 0.00 2 2.40 0.30 2.40 0.30 

6 Vankal 


Total 0 0.00 0.00 4 4.80 0.60 4.80 0.60 

7 Jarani 


Total 0 0.00 0.00 2 2.40 0.30 2.40 0.30 

8 Ongnisha 


Total 0 0.00 0.00 1 1.20 0.15 1.20 0.15 

9 Sandhara 


Total 0 0.00 0.00 2 2.40 0.30 2.40 0.30 

10 Ratoti 


Total 0 0.00 0.00 2 2.40 0.30 2.40 0.30 

11 Boria 


Total 0 0.00 0.00 3 3.60 0.45 3.60 0.45 

Grant Total 0 0.00 0.00 23 27.60 3.45 27.60 3.45 

S. 

No. 


Village 

Table no.39: Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises 

Executing 

Type of land 

agency 

(i) UG 

(iii) 

No. 

(i) (ii) Others (ii)SHG of Estimated 

Private Community (pl. (iii) Others Unit cost (Rs. 

Name of activity 

(P) (C) specify) (individual) (No.) in lakh) 

Target 

Expected 

month & year 

of completion 

(mm/yyyy) 



Horticulture (Mango plantation) P - - UG/individual 150 0.075 2013-14 

Vegetable nursery - C - SHGs 0 2013-14 

Agriculture development: SRI-Paddy P - - UG/individual 6 0.3 2014-15 

Agriculture development: Turmeric P - - UG/individual 0 2014-15 

Floriculture cultivations P - - UG/individual 2 0.2 2014-15 

Creeper vegetable P - - UG/individual 2 0.56 2014-15 

1 

Drip irrigation P - - UG/individual 0 2014-16 

Kevdi 

Animal husbandry P - - LL 0 2015-16 

kund 

Flour mill P - - SHGs/LL 0 2015-16 

Masala mill P - - SHGs/LL 0 2015-16 

Sugarcane juice machine P - - LL 0 2015-16 

Backyard poultry P - - SHGs/LL 20 0.6 2015-16 

Chaff cutter P - - LL 5 0.25 2015-16 

Milk collecting instruments P - - SHGs/LL 5 0.15 2015-16 

Stitching machine P - - SHGs 5 0.25 2015-16 

Total 2.39 




Agriculture development: Turmeric P - - UG/individual 4 0.24 2014-15 

Floriculture cultivations P - - UG/individual 0 2014-15 

2 Kantvav Creeper vegetable P - - UG/individual 5 1.4 2014-15 

Drip irrigation P - - UG/individual 2 0.4 2014-16 

Animal husbandry P - - LL 10 2.5 2015-16 

Flour mill P - - SHGs/LL 3 1.5 2015-16 


Sugarcane juice machine P - - LL 1 0.15 2015-16 







Total 9.60 




Agriculture development: Termaric P - - UG/individual 10 0.6 2014-15 




3 Selarpur Animal husbundry P - - LL 12 3 2015-16 








Total 7.71 



4 Ghodbar 








Animal husbandry P - - LL 20 5 2015-16 

Flour mill P - - SHGs/LL 2 1 2015-16 




Chaff cutter P - - LL 20 1 2015-16 



Total 13.41 


Vegetable nursery - C - SHGs 1 0.3 2013-14 





Drip irrigation P - - UG/individual 0 2014-16 

5 Mandan Animal husbandry P - - LL 0 2015-16 





Chaff cutter P - - LL 0 2015-16 



Total 4.80 

6 Vankal Horticulture (Mango plantation) P - - UG/individual 972 0.49 2013-14 











Masala mill P - - SHGs/LL 1 2.00 2015-16 






Total 18.49 






7 Jarani 













Total 8.63 








8 Ongnisha Animal husbandry P - - LL 5 1.25 2015-16 








Total 8.55 




9 Sandhara Agriculture development: Turmeric P - - UG/individual 3 0.18 2014-15 






Animal husbandry P - - LL 8 2 2015-16 








Total 7.15 








10 Ratoti Animal husbandry P - - LL 8 2 2015-16 








Total 8.10 

11 Boria 


















Total 8.70 

Grant Total 97.52 

Livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises model: 

Model 1: Cost estimation of creeper vegetables cultivation by mandva (trailis) systems in 10 guntha (0.1 ha) 

Sr. 

No. Details of item Qty Unit 

Rates 

(Rs.) 

Total cost 

(Rs.) 

Material 

cost (Rs.) 

Labour 

cost (Rs.) 

A Cost of construction 

1 Providing & fixing of bamboo pole at spacing of 3mt 100 Nos 200 20000 20000 310 

2 

3 

Providing & fixing of 15 guage galvanise wire on bamboo pole 

for making wire mandap 30 Kg 70 2100 1800 200 

Providing & fixing of 20 guage galvanise wire on bamboo pole 

for making wire mandap 45 Kg 70 3150 2700 200 



4 

Providing & fixing of rop for gap feeling between wire and 

hanging plant with wire on mandap 20 Kg 30 600 500 100 

Sub Total of A 25850 25000 810 

B Cost of Input 

1 Seeds (Bitter gourd/ bottle gourd/sponge gourd, etc. ) 250 gm 0.5 125 125 0 

2 Providing fertilizer like vermicompost or organic manure 290 Kg 4 1160 1200 0 

3 Pesticide/ fungicide 2 Dose 150 300 300 0 

Sub Total of B 1585 1625 0 

C Agronomical Practices 

1 Ploughing 1 Nos 100 100 0 100 

2 Sowing 1 Nos 100 100 0 100 

3 Irrigation 8 Nos 50 400 0 400 

4 Interculturing/spray of peasticides 2 Nos 50 100 0 100 

5 Weeding 2 Nos 100 200 0 200 

Sub Total of C 900 0 900 

Grant total (Rs.) 28335 26625 1710 

Total cost rounded off (Rs. ) 28000 

Model 2: Cost Estimate for Paddy Crop Demonstration by SRI technique 

Name of Crop: Paddy 

Area: 0.20 Ha. 

S. No. Description of Activity Unit Quantity Rate Material Labour Total Amount 

1 Preparation of Nursery Mandays 2 100 0 200 200 

2 Certified Seed + Sowing Kg. 2 40 80 100 180 

3 Preparation of the Field Mandays 2 100 0 200 200 

4 Fertilizers & manure 0 



a SSP Kg. 60 4 240 100 340 

b Urea Kg. 35 5 175 0 175 

c MoP Kg. 10 10 100 0 100 

d FYM/ Organic Manure Kg. 2000 1.5 3000 0 3000 

5 Bio fertilizer (Azato Bactor) Packet (100 gm) 1 10 10 0 10 

6 Transplanting Mandays 4 100 0 400 400 

7 Irrigation (Lump sum) 300 300 600 

8 pest Control (Lump sum) 500 0 500 

9 Weeding, after care etc. 500 500 

10 Miscellaneous 195 100 295 

Total 4600 1900 6500 

Model 3: Cost estimate of Floriculture (Rose) for One Year (Plot Size- 0.03 ha) 

S. No. Particular Unit Quantity Rate 

(Rs.) 

Amount 

(Rs.) 

Material 

Cost (Rs.) 

Labour 

Cost (Rs.) 

1 Land Preparation Mandays 2 100 200 0 200 

2 Flower plant/ stump 1mt.x1mt. spacing No 300 12 3600 3600 0 

3 Gap filling@ 10% No 30 6 180 180 0 

4 FYM (2 Kg / plant) Kg 600 2 1200 1200 0 

5 Urea @ 50 gm per plant Kg 15 5 75 75 0 

6 Super Phosphate @ 100 gm per plant Kg 30 4 120 120 0 

7 Muriate of Potash @ 50 gm per plant Kg 15 6 90 90 0 

8 Plantation and application of manure & fertilizers Mandays 5 100 500 0 500 

9 Pruning & other intercultural operations Mandays 5 100 500 0 500 

10 irrigation Mandays 10 100 1000 1000 0 

12 Pest & Disease Control Lump 

Sum 

500 400 100 



13 Miscellaneous Lump 

135 135 0 

Sum 

TOTAL 8100 6800 1300 

Model 4: Cost estimate of Floriculture (Marigold) (Plot Size- 0.03 ha) 

S. No. Particular Unit Quantity Rate 

(Rs.) 

Amount 

(Rs.) 

Material 

Cost (Rs.) 

Labour 

Cost (Rs.) 

1 Land Preparation Mandays 1 100 100 0 100 

2 Seed gm 25 10 250 250 0 

3 Nursery raising Mandays 1 100 100 0 100 

4 Transplanting in main Plot Mandays 2 100 200 0 200 

5 Organic Manure (@ 20 tones/ ha) Kg 600 1 600 600 0 

6 Urea (@ 150 Kg N / ha) Kg 10 5 50 50 0 

7 Super Phosphate (@ 60 Kg P2O5 / ha) Kg 12 4 48 48 0 

8 Muriate of Potash (@ 60 Kg P2O5 / ha) Kg 3 6 18 18 0 

9 Application of manure & fertilizers Mandays 1 100 100 0 100 

10 Pinching, Weeding & other Intercultural Operations Mandays 2 100 200 0 200 

11 Irrigation Mandays 3 100 300 0 300 

12 Pest & Disease Control Lump 

500 400 100 

Sum 

13 Flower Picking Mandays 4 100 400 0 400 

14 Miscellaneous Lump 

0 0 0 

Sum 

TOTAL 2866 1366 1500 

Say Rs. 2900 1400 1500 

Avg. Yield of Marigold in one hectare = 120 qt 



Model 5: Cost Estimation of Animal Husbandry 

Sr No. Particulars Total expenditure 

1 Invest of 10 nos. of Buffallows = 10 x 30000 300000 

Total 300000 

Monthly Expenditure 

1 10kg cattle food per buffalows per day 

10kg x 10 buffalow's x 30 per day= 3000 kg requirement of 

cattle food per month ( 43 x 525 ) 22575 

2 Per day per buffallow, green grass = 20 kg 

Total expenditure = 20kg x 10 buf. X 30 days = 6000 kg 

( 6000 x 0.40 ) 2400 

Veterinary charges ( 200 x 10 ) 2000 

Total 26975 

Monthly Income 

1 Per day buffallow total production = 12 lit. 

12 lit x 10 buf. X 30 day = 3600 lit. 

Per lit = 24 Rs /- ( 3600 x 24 ) 86400 

2 Production of dung per Animal = 1 ton 

Per 10 Animal = 1 x 10 = 10 ton 

( 10 X 4000 ) 4000 

3 Empty begs ( 40 x 10 ) 400 

Total 90800 

Total income of milk production 184400 x 10 :- 908000 

Total expenditure ( 12 * 26975 ):- 323700 

Net Profit 584300 

Annual income 58430 

Monthly income per animal 5843 



Model 6: Cost Economics of Simple, pipe framed net house (low cost net house) ( 100 m 2 ) 

Sl. No Item of work Unit Quantity Rate / unit (Rs) Total amount (Rs) 

1 G.I. Pipe 25 mm dia.’B Class m 60 65 3900 

2 G.I. Pipe 15 mm dia. ’B Class m 175 25 4375 

3 M.S.Flat 19x3mm Size kg 80 16.5 1320 

4 M.S.L angle 19x19x3mm Size kg 20 17.5 350 

5 UV stabilised film m2 175 20 3500 

6 Plastic beading m 150 4 600 

7 Mesh 40-60 size all round m2 65 22 1430 

8 Door frame and fitting L. S 425 

9 Labour cost L. S 650 

10 Bolts, nuts and welding rods L. S 400 

11 Earth work and concreting of foundation L. S 550 

12 Water tank (1000lits) L. S 4000 

13 mist spray system 2000 

14 fertiliser application 5000 

Total 28500 

Average cost per square metre Rs. 285.00 

S. No. Names of Villages 

1 Kevdi kund 

Table no. 40: Activities related to livelihoods by Self Help Groups (SHGs) in the project areas 

Major activities of the SHGs 

Name of activity 

No. of SHGs involved 

Average annual income 

from activity per SHG 

Backyard poultry 2(20) 5.00 

Stitching machine 1(5) 1.50 



Total 4 6.50 

Flour mill 1(3) 0.60 

2 Kantvav Backyard poultry 5(50) 12.50 


Total 8 14.60 

3 Selarpur 

Backyard poultry 3 (30) 7.50 


Total 0 8.70 

Flour mill 1(2) 1.20 

4 Ghodbar Backyard poultry 5(50) 12.50 


Total 0 15.50 

Vegetable nursery 1 0.50 

5 Mandan Backyard poultry 6(60) 15.00 

Stitching machine 5 1.50 

Total 13 17.00 


6 Vankal Backyard poultry 2(20) 5.00 


Total 4 10.00 


7 Jarani 

Flour mill 1 0.60 


Stitching machine 8 2.40 

Total 13 11.00 

8 Ongnisha 






Total 7 14.90 


9 Sandhara Backyard poultry 3(30) 7.50 


Total 5 9.30 

10 Ratoti 



Total 6 9.65 


11 Boria Backyard poultry 5(50) 12.50 


Total 8 15.40 

Grant Total 68 132.55 

S. 

No. 


Project 


activity 

Table no. 41: Linkages developed at Village level 

Forward/Backward linkage Linkage with Outcome 


Mandan 

Project 

Horticulture 

(Mango 

plantation) 

Vegetable 

nursery 

Backward linkage: Training at Agriculture university & KVK, 

Sapling from nursery, Drip irrigation, Vermi compost 

Forward linkage: Marketing at weekly market (small basis) & 

APMC, Surat Sardar market (large basis), Products made from 

mangos (Pulp/Juice, Pickle, Jam, Mukhavas, candies, etc.) 


Sapling from nursery, Vermi compost 

Forward linkage: Selling to livelihood & individual 

beneficiaries 

KVK, Agriculture 

University, APMC, 

Mango product 

companies 


University 

Generating 

remunerative self 

employment among 

small & marginal 

farmers 

Produce good quality 

of saplings at village 

level 



Creeper 

vegetables 


Sapling from nursery, Vermi compost 


Surat Sardar market, APMC (large basis) 



Surat Sardar 

Market 

Increase more 

income per unit area 

than grains/pulses 

Agriculture 

development 


Seeds from Agri business centre, Vermi compost, drip 

irrigation 


APMC (large basis) 


University, APMC 

Provide certified 

seeds to increase per 

capita income 

Floriculture 

cultivations 


Sapling from nursery, Drip irrigation, Vermi compost 


APMC, Surat Sardar market (large basis), Products made from 

flowers (Bukes, Garland, wreath for braid, Gulkand) 



Surat Sardar 

Market 

Generating 



small & marginal 

farmers 

Backyard 

poultry 

Backward linkage: Animal husbandry dept. (Ghanishta 

Marga Uchher Kendra) 

Forward linkage: Product from Hen (Egg, Chicken) 

Animal husbandry 

dept. (Ghanishta 

Marga Uchher 

Kendra) 

Generating 



landless 

Animal 

husbandry 

Backward linkage: Training at Animal husbandry dept. 

(Ghanishta Marga Uchher Kendra), Fodder unit 

Forward linkage: Selling milk at village level milk collection 

centre/ milk co-operatives, Products made from animals 

(Sweet milk, Paneer, Ghee, Butter milk, Sweets, Butter) 

Animal husbandry 

dept., Sumul dairy 

Provide income 

opportunity for 

landless 




Backward and Forward Linkages


S. 

No. 

1 


Village 

Kevdi 

kund 

2 Kantvav 

3 Selarpur 

4 Ghodbar 

5 Mandan 

6 Vankal 

7 Jarani 


structure/ 

work 

Table no.42: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works 

Type of treatment 

(i) 

Ridge 

area 

(R) 

(ii) 

Draina 

ge line 

(D) 

(iii) 

Land 

dev. 

(L) 

(i) 

Priv 

ate 

(P) 

Type of land 

(ii) 

Comm 

unity 

© 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

Executing 

agency 

(i) UG 

(ii)SHG 

Target 

Estimate 

d cost 

(Rs. In 

lakh) 

Expected 

month & 

year of 

completion 

(mm/ yyyy) 

(iii) Others 

(pl. specify) 

Area 

(ha) 


plants 

Afforestation R L P UG 1 1000 0.030 Jun-13 

Agro-forestry L 0 0 0.000 Jun-13 

Total 1 1000 0.030 


Agro-forestry L 2.13 85 0.004 Jun-13 

Total 3.13 1085 0.034 



Total 2.73 1069 0.033 



Total 20.8 2750 0.098 


Agro-forestry L 0 0 0.000 Jun-13 

Total 0.00 0 0.000 



Total 21.5 2781 0.099 





8 Ongnisha 

9 Sandhara 

10 Ratoti 

11 Boria 

Total 22.1 2805 0.100 



Total 3.25 1090 0.035 



Total 10.8 1392 0.050 



Total 4.8 1152 0.038 



Total 5.65 1186 0.039 

Grant Total 95.8 16310 0.5555 

Table no.43: Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas 

Target 

S. No. 


Village CPR particulars Activity proposed 

Target area under the 

activity (ha) 

Estimated 

expenditure (Rs.) 

Expected no. of 

beneficiaries 

Waste land Afforestation 1.0 0.030 4 

1 Kevdi kund Forest land Agro forestry 0.0 0.000 0 

Total for Village 1.0 0.030 4 


2 Kantvav Forest land Agro forestry 2.1 0.004 2 


3 Selarpur 


Forest land Agro forestry 1.7 0.003 2 



4 Ghodbar 

5 Mandan 

6 Vankal 

7 Jarani 

8 Ongnisha 

9 Sandhara 

10 Ratoti 

11 Boria 









Forest land Agro forestry 19.5 0.039 

















Grant Total 95.75 0.556 116 



S. 

No. 

1 

2 

Name of the 

Training 

Institute 

Krishi Vigyan 

Kendra, 

Navsari 

Agricultural 

university, 

Navsari 

3 AKRSP 

4 SPIPA 

5 BISAG 

Full Address with contact no., website 

& e-mail 

KVK, NAU, Gujarat (India) (02637)- 

282008,282009, 9725006012 email: 

kvknavsari@yahoo.com, 

navsarikvk@yahoo.in 

NAU, Navsari-396450, Gujarat (India) 

Phone: 02637/ 282823 Fax: 02637/ 

293804 website: www.nau.in email: 

registrarnau@yahoo.co.in 

AKRSP (I) Netrang, Dist. Bharuch 

website: akrsp.org.pk 

SPIPA, Opp. "ISRO", Satellite Road, 

Ahmedabad-380 015. Phone No. 

26747612, 26747636, 26741879, 

26741999 Fax No. (079) 26749048 

website: www.spipa.gujarat.gov.in 

BISAG, Near CH '0' Circle, Indulal 

Yagnik Marg, Gandhinagar-382 007, 

Gujarat Phone No.: +91 79 

23213081/82/90 Fax: +91 79 

23213091 Website: 

www.bisag.gujarat.gov.in email: 

info@bisag.gujarat.gov.in 

Table no. 44: Capacity Building Institution: 

Type of 

Institute# 

Research 

institute 

University 

NGO 

Training 

institution 

Space 

application 

Area(s) of 

specialization$ 

Agriculture/ 

Horticulture/ 

Animal 

Husbandry 

Agriculture/ 

Horticulture/ 

Animal 

Husbandry 

Capacity 

building 

Rural 

development 

Remote 

sensing 

Accreditati 

on details 

GOI 

GOI 

Society 

Reg. Act 

Referenc 

e Year 

2012- 

2014 

2012- 

2014 

2011- 

2014 

Trainings 


trainings 

assigned 


trainees to 

be trained 

7 35 

5 35 

13 40 

GOG 2012-14 3 6 

GOG 2011-15 3 6 



6 DWDU 

7 CSWCRTI 

District Watershed Development Unit, 

5th floor, 'C' block, Bahumali building, 

Nanpura, Surat 395 001. Phone No. 

0261-2470211 Email: 

surdwdu@gmail.com 

Central Soil and Water Conservation 

Research and Training, VASAD - 


Developme 

nt Dept. 

Research 

institute 


development 


development 

GOG 2012-14 10 6 

GOG 2012-14 1 10 

388306, (Gujarat) 

# Central govt. Dept./ State govt. Dept./ Autonomous Body/ Research Institutes/ Universities/ Others (pl. specify) 

$ Capacity Building/ Agriculture/ Horticulture/ Animal Husbandry/ Pisciculture/ Remote Sensing/ Water conservation/ Ground water/ 

Forestry/ livelihoods/ entrepreneurship development/ others (pl. specify) 

Table no. 45: Capacity Building plan: 

S. No. District Project Stakeholders 

Total no. of No. of persons to be No. of training 

persons 

trained 

programmes 

Estimated cost 

PIA 1 1 22 0.19 

WDTs 6 6 22 1.12 

UGs 117 - - 

1 Surat 

SHGs 193 36 5 1.53 

WCs 104 20 6 1.02 

GPs 17 - - 

Community - - - 

Others (Pl. specify) - - - 

Table no.46: Information, Education and Communication Activities: 

S. 

Estimated expenditure 

Outcome 

Activity 

Executing agency 

No. 

(Rs.) 

(may quantify, wherever possible) 

1 Street plays Local drama group 30000 Awareness generation and making 

2 Video shows DWDU, Surat 50000 beneficiaries accountable for sustainable 

3 Wall paintings/ Focussed Group discussion DWDU,Surat 70000 

development 



4 Pamphlets and posters DWDU,Surat 20000 

5 Banners and hoardings DWDU, Surat 50000 



Chapter 5 

BUDGETS 



Table no. 47: Budget at a glance for the project 

Sl no Budget component Cost requirement 

1 Administrative costs 10 % 40.56 

2 Monitoring 1 % 4.06 

3 Evaluation 1 % 4.06 

4 Entry Point activity 4 % 16.22 

5 Institution and Capacity Building 5 % 20.28 

6 Detailed Project Report 1 % 4.06 

7 Watershed Development Works 56% 227.14 

8 Livelihood acti4ties for asset less 9 % 36.50 

9 Production systems and micro-enterprises 10 % 40.56 

10 Consolidation phase 3 % 12.17 

TOTAL 100 % 405.60 

Table no. 48: Village wise- component wise budget available under IWMP 


Activity 

no Village EPA Institution DPR Watershed Livelihood Production system Consolidation Total 

and CB 

development Work for asset less and Microenterprises 

1 Kevdi kund 0.24 0.30 0.06 3.35 0.54 0.60 0.18 5.98 

2 Kantvav 1.48 1.86 0.37 20.78 3.34 3.71 1.11 37.10 

3 Selarpur 1.45 1.82 0.36 20.36 3.27 3.64 1.09 36.36 

4 Ghodbar 2.32 2.90 0.58 32.46 5.22 5.80 1.74 57.96 

5 Mandan 0.45 0.57 0.11 6.34 1.02 1.13 0.34 11.32 

6 Vankal 3.72 4.65 0.93 52.13 8.38 9.31 2.79 93.08 

7 Jarani 1.45 1.81 0.36 20.27 3.26 3.62 1.09 36.20 

8 Ongnisha 1.25 1.57 0.31 17.53 2.82 3.13 0.94 31.31 

9 Sandhara 1.17 1.46 0.29 16.33 2.62 2.92 0.87 29.16 

10 Ratoti 1.40 1.75 0.35 19.62 3.15 3.50 1.05 35.04 



11 Boria 1.28 1.60 0.32 17.97 2.89 3.21 0.96 32.09 

TOTAL 16.22 20.28 4.06 227.14 36.50 40.56 12.17 405.60 

Table no. 49: Village wise gap in funds requirement 

Sl no Name of Village Total cost requirement Total funds available under IWMP Gap in funds requirement 

1 Kevdi kund 11.53 4.48 7.05 

2 Kantvav 35.58 27.83 7.75 

3 Selarpur 28.07 27.27 0.80 

4 Ghodbar 45.87 43.47 2.40 

5 Mandan 34.94 8.49 26.45 

6 Vankal 70.61 69.81 0.80 

7 Jarani 28.90 27.15 1.75 

8 Ongnisha 30.38 23.48 6.90 

9 Sandhara 25.73 21.87 3.86 

10 Ratoti 27.72 26.28 1.44 

11 Boria 26.67 24.07 2.60 

TOTAL 366.01 304.21 61.80 

S. No. 

1 


Village 

Kevdi 

kund 

Table no.50: Details of Convergence of IWMP with other Schemes 

Fund made 

available to Scheme with 

IWMP due to which 

Activity to be convergence convergence 

Phase/ Type of work* 

carried out (Rs. in lakh) took place 

Watershed development work/ Soil & 

moisture conservation 

Reference no. 

of activity/ 

task/ structure 

in DPR 

Level at which 

decision for 

convergence 

was taken 

Land leveling 3.000 MGNREGA Table no. 36 District level 

Watershed development work/ Water Pacca nala plug 1.300 MGNREGA Table no. 37 District level 



harvesting structures 

Watershed development work/ Water 


livelihood, production system and microenterprises/ 

Livestock development 




Minor activities 



Check wall 1.500 MGNREGA Table no. 37 District level 

Backyard 

poultry 

0.600 

Chaff cutter 0.250 

Milk collecting 

instrument 

Stitching 

machine 

Animal 

husbandry dept. 

Animal 


Table no. 39 

Table no. 39 

District level 


0.150 DIC Table no. 39 District level 


Total 7.050 






Protection wall 1.600 MGNREGA Table no. 36 District level 

2 Kantvav 






Minor activites 


Minor activites 

Backyard 

poultry 

1.500 



instrument 

Stitching 

machine 

Total 7.750 

Animal 


Animal 


Table no. 39 

Table no. 39 







3 Selarpur 







instrument 

Total 0.800 

4 Ghodbar 









Backyard 

poultry 

Animal 


Table no. 39 



0.500 



instrument 

Stitching 

machine 

Animal 


Animal 


Table no. 39 

Table no. 39 





Total 2.400 



Pacca nala plug 1.100 MGNREGA Table no. 37 District level 




5 Mandan 









CW/ CD 

repairing 

Backyard 

poultry 


instrument 

Stitching 

machine 

21.200 MGNREGA Table no. 37 District level 

1.800 

Total 26.450 

Animal 


Table no. 39 






6 Vankal 

7 Jarani 







instrument 

Total 0.800 







Backyard 

poultry 


instrument 

Stitching 

machine 

Animal 


Table no. 39 



0.900 

Total 1.750 

8 Ongnisha 













Gabion 

structure 

Animal 


Table no. 39 




1.000 MGNREGA Table no. 37 District level 


Backyard 

poultry 

1.500 



instrument 

Stitching 

machine 

Animal 


Animal 


Table no. 39 

Table no. 39 





Total 6.900 

9 Sandhara 






10 Ratoti 

11 Boria 









Backyard 

poultry 

0.900 



instrument 

Stitching 

machine 

Total 3.860 







Backyard 

poultry 


instrument 

Stitching 

machine 

Animal 


Animal 


Table no. 39 

Table no. 39 





1.050 

Total 1.440 









Backyard 

poultry 

Animal 


Table no. 39 




1.500 



instrument 

Stitching 

machine 

Total 2.600 

Grant Total 61.800 

*Phase/Type of work: EPA, Land base, Surface water, Ground water, Livelihood 

Animal 


Animal 


Table no. 39 

Table no. 39 







S. 

No. 


Private 

Sector 

Partner 

Agency 

a)MoU 

Table no. 51: Public-Private Partnership in the IWMP projects 

Financial 

contribution 

Type of agreement signed 

b)Contract 

c) Any other 

(pl. specify) 

IWMP 

Private 

sector 

Partnership 

Interventions 

Expected 

Outcomes 

Comments 



Chapter 6 

EXPECTED OUTCOMES 



6.1 Employment 

Employment has always been a problem in the village. The principal occupations of the people are dry land agriculture, animal 

husbandry and casual labour work. However, rain fall being very limited and erratic, agriculture suffers, i.e. at best they can take only a single 

crop, which keeps them partially engaged for about 4 months. Lack of fodder makes animal husbandry very difficult too. So, animal husbandry 

does not keep them engaged full time. Thus the people mainly depend mainly depend upon casual labour, either in the village itself or outside 

it. 

The project plans for creation of both wage employment and self employment opportunities. Wage employment would be created by 

engaging people in watershed physical works like construction of earthen bunds, farm bunds, farm bunds, village pond, plantation, etc. self 

employment would be created by providing the people with cash support in the form of direct livelihood activities like agriculture, animal 

husbandry and enterprise development. 

S. 

No. 


Village 

Table no. 52: Employment in Project area: 

Wage employment 

Self employment 

No. of mandays No. of beneficiaries No. of beneficiaries 

SC ST Others Women Total SC ST Others Women Total SC ST Others Women Total 

1 Kevdi kund 0 2000 0 811 2811 0 187 0 76 263 0 75 0 30 105 

2 Kantvav 0 2101 0 627 2728 0 196 0 59 255 0 79 0 23 102 

3 Selarpur 0 2708 0 1207 3915 0 253 0 113 366 0 101 0 45 146 

4 Ghodbar 0 2887 0 2241 5128 0 270 0 209 479 0 108 0 84 192 

5 Mandan 0 5921 0 1629 7549 0 553 0 152 706 0 221 0 61 282 

6 Vankal 460 11864 0 4297 16621 43 1109 0 402 1553 43 444 0 161 647 

7 Jarani 0 1977 0 708 2686 0 185 0 66 251 0 74 0 26 100 

8 Ongnisha 0 3539 0 1761 5300 0 331 0 165 495 0 132 0 66 198 



9 Sandhara 0 1382 0 402 1784 0 129 0 38 167 0 52 0 15 67 

10 Ratoti 0 2966 0 1190 4156 0 277 0 111 388 0 111 0 44 155 

11 Boria 0 3876 0 1618 5494 0 362 0 151 513 0 145 0 60 205 

6.2 Migration 

Main reason for migration is in search of employment opportunities for generating income for oneself and family. These clusters of 

villages have employment opportunities only during kharif season and which leaves them unemployed for both rabi and summer season. 

Implementation of watershed activities in these villages will open new avenues for employment in both kharif and Rabi seasons. Water 

stored in the water harvesting structures will be utilized in the offseason for agriculture purpose and also new technologies like drip irrigation, 

crop demonstration for improved crop production practices will alter the farming pattern and create huge employment opportunities in the 

rural areas. Water stored through the structures will give opportunity for cultivation of farm lands which were left barren past years. Hence the 

overall impact is there will be decrease in the rate of migration. 

Table no. 53: Seasonal migration from Project area 

No. of persons migrating 

No. of days per year of migration 

Sl. No. Name of Village 

Pre-project Expected post project Pre-project Expected post project 

1 Kevdi kund 253 114 115 55 

2 Kantvav 187 84 115 55 

3 Selarpur 388 174 115 55 

4 Ghodbar 717 323 115 55 

5 Mandan 525 236 115 55 

6 Vankal 1339 603 115 55 

7 Jarani 221 99 115 55 

8 Ongnisha 570 257 115 55 

9 Sandhara 110 50 115 55 



10 Ratoti 379 170 115 55 

11 Boria 498 224 115 55 

6.3 Ground water table 

The project area receives ample amount of rainfall during monsoon but assess of surface water runoff has decreased sufficient base for 

irrigation as well as for drinking purpose. The excess rainfall and lack of proper vegetative cover has resulted high rate of surface runoff of both 

soil and water. Several water harvesting structure are created like check dam, check wall, farm pond and recharge filter for recharge of ground 

water. The land conservation measures, surface water recharge activities; drip irrigation system may help farmers to take up vegetable and 

other high value crops. 

Table no. 54: Average ground water table depth in the project areas (in meters) 

S. No. Name of Village Sources Pre-Project level Expected Increase/decrease (Post- Project) 

1 Kevdi kund 

Open wells 10 13 

Bore wells 30 39 

2 Kantvav 



3 Selarpur 



4 Ghodbar 



5 Mandan 



6 Vankal 



7 Jarani Open wells 12 16 



8 Ongnisha 

9 Sandhara 

10 Ratoti 

11 Boria 










6.4 Drinking water 

People use tube well and open well for drinking purpose. These structures provide all 12 month water to the villagers regularly. In the 

summer season, water table goes down but villagers not face the problem. Water quality is also not good. After the project, villagers can get all 

over the year drinking water nearby house with good quality. 

Table no. 55: Status of Drinking water 

Availability of drinking water 

(no. of months in a year) 

Quality of drinking water 

S. No. Name of Village Pre-project Expected Post project Pre-project Expected Post project Comments 

1 Kevdi kund 12 month 12 month Saline water Portable - 

2 Kantvav 12 month 12 month Saline water Portable - 

3 Selarpur 12 month 12 month Saline water Portable - 

4 Ghodbar 12 month 12 month Saline water Portable - 

5 Mandan 12 month 12 month Saline water Portable - 

6 Vankal 12 month 12 month Saline water Portable - 

7 Jarani 12 month 12 month Saline water Portable - 



6.5 Crop 

8 Ongnisha 12 month 12 month Saline water Portable - 

9 Sandhara 12 month 12 month Saline water Portable - 

10 Ratoti 12 month 12 month Saline water Portable - 

11 Boria 12 month 12 month Saline water Portable - 

The major crops grown are Paddy, Sorghum, Wheat and Pigeon pea. This is due to scanty surface water for only 8 months. So, there is 

lack in water in the summer which adversely affects the crop production. All this can change with the integrated land and water management 

during the watershed project. The planned SMC works and irrigation works would prevent the water scarcity and preserve some moisture in 

the project area. This will help in additional area under cultivation and increasing productivity too. The farmer can take more than seasonal 

crops and have an income source. Different varieties of crops can be taken and market around. 

Table no. 56: Crop area and yield in the project area 

Pre-project 

Expected Post-project 

Sr. No. Name of crops 

Area (ha) Average Yield per ha. Area (ha) Average Yield per ha 

A Kharif 

1 Paddy 3610.8 1700 3610.8 2250 

2 Sorghum 541.6 1850 541.6 2150 

3 Pigeon pea 361.1 1200 361.1 1550 

B Rabi 

1 Wheat 375.9 2500 375.9 2587 

2 Sorghum 56.4 1350 56.4 1550 

3 Ground nut 37.6 1650 37.6 2150 

C Zaid 

1 Ground nut 72.2 650 72.2 700 

2 Fodder 18.1 750 18.1 830 

Total 5073.7 11650 5073.7 13767 



Table no. 57: Area under horticulture 

S. No. Name of Village Existing area under horticulture (ha) Area under horticulture proposed to be covered through IWMP 

1 Kevdi kund 3.0 1.5 

2 Kantvav 3.4 4.2 

3 Selarpur 3.4 5.0 

4 Ghodbar 5.0 7.9 

5 Mandan 6.0 2.2 

6 Vankal 8.9 0.0 

7 Jarani 1.8 3.0 

8 Ongnisha 3.5 5.0 

9 Sandhara 1.8 2.6 

10 Ratoti 5.2 2.8 

11 Boria 3.0 2.5 

6.6 Vegetative cover 

Project covers about 33 per cent area under vegetative cover. In the project area bamboo, subabool, neem, and teek can be seen 

anywhere. Project would cover 133 ha area through farm forestry, Afforestation and horticulture plantation. 

Table no. 58: Forest/vegetative cover 

S. No. Name of Village Existing area under tree cover (ha) Area under tree cover proposed 

1 Kevdi kund 132.0 1.0 

2 Kantvav 307.0 3.1 

3 Selarpur 248.5 2.7 

4 Ghodbar 382.9 20.8 

5 Mandan 1089.4 0.0 

6 Vankal 51.6 21.5 



7 Jarani 174.1 22.1 

8 Ongnisha 115.6 3.3 

9 Sandhara 372.4 10.8 

10 Ratoti 237.5 4.8 

11 Boria 59.2 5.7 

6.7 Livestock 

Project area covers milch animal like cow and buffaloes, drought animals, small ruminants and hens. Different activities like providing 

good quality cows and buffaloes, poultry farming, tie up with Sumul and Animal husbandry department to provide veterinary services and 

animal health camp, etc. It is expected that the post project period would see a substantial increase in livestock population and yield from them. 

Table no. 59: Details of livestock in the project areas 

(for fluids please mention in litres, for solids please mention in kgs. and income in Rs.) 

S. Name of 

Pre-Project 

Expected Post-project 

No. Village 

Type of Animal No. Yield Income No. Yield Income 

Milch-animals 282 345202 92.5 289 413576 111.7 

1 Kevdi kund Draught Purpose animals 122 0 0.0 122 0 0.0 

Animals for other purpose 230 45900 1.4 252 60588 1.8 

Total 634 391102 93.8 664 474164 113 

Milch-animals 283 344918 94.6 290 414866 112.0 

2 Kantvav Draught Purpose animals 98 0 0.0 98 0 0.0 


Total 564 381518 95.7 589 463178 113 

Milch-animals 248 302510 83.0 254 363858 98.2 

3 Selarpur Draught Purpose animals 86 0 0.0 86 0 0.0 


Remarks 



Total 494 334610 84.0 517 406230 100 

Milch-animals 370 448483 126.9 379 542210 146.4 

4 Ghodbar Draught Purpose animals 85 0 0.0 85 0 0.0 


Total 614 480283 127.8 639 584186 148 

Milch-animals 478 582403 159.8 490 700511 189.1 

5 Mandan Draught Purpose animals 165 0 0.0 165 0 0.0 


Total 952 644203 161.6 995 782087 192 

Milch-animals 591 719904 198.4 606 866551 234.0 

6 Vankal Draught Purpose animals 241 0 0.0 241 0 0.0 


Total 1657 884904 203.3 1754 1084351 241 

Milch-animals 376 458006 125.6 385 550887 148.7 

7 Jarani Draught Purpose animals 130 0 0.0 130 0 0.0 


Total 748 506606 127.1 782 615039 151 

Milch-animals 420 511723 140.4 430 615498 166.2 

8 Ongnisha Draught Purpose animals 145 0 0.0 145 0 0.0 


Total 836 566023 142.0 874 687174 168 

Milch-animals 181 220522 60.5 185 265242 71.6 

9 Sandhara Draught Purpose animals 62 0 0.0 62 0 0.0 


Total 360 243922 61.2 377 296130 73 

10 Ratoti 

Milch-animals 325 398938 104.6 333 476310 128.6 

Draught Purpose animals 166 0 0.0 166 0 0.0 




Total 803 461338 106.5 843 558678 131 

Milch-animals 609 744869 199.6 624 892466 241.0 

11 Boria Draught Purpose animals 263 0 0.0 263 0 0.0 


Total 1366 843569 202.5 1430 1022750 245 

Grant Total 9029 5738078 1406 9463 6973968 1674 

6.8 Linkages 

The direct livelihood activities need good forward and backward support. Without such support system the activities may fail to deliver 

the desired results. These linkages would involve credit, machinery, input supply, marketing, etc. 

Table no. 60: Backward-Forward linkages 

S. No. Project Type of Marketing Facility Pre-project (no.) During the project (no.) Post-project (no.) 

Backward linkages 

Seed certification Traditional seeds Certified seed Certified seed 


Seed supply system 

Fertilizer supply system 

Pesticide supply system 

Credit institutions Bank 

1 Mandan Water supply Furrow system Drip irrigation Drip irrigation 

Project Extension services KVK, NGOs KVK, NGOs 

Nurseries - Net house veg. nursery Net house veg. nursery 

Tools/machinery suppliers - Chaff cutter Chaff cutter 

Price Support system 

Labour Capacity building Capacity building 




Forward linkages 

Harvesting/threshing machinery - 

Storage (including cold storage) 

Road network 

Transport facilities 

Markets/ Mandis Weekly market 

Weekly market ( on small 

basis), Surat market (on 

large basis) 

Weekly market ( on small 

basis), Surat market (on 

large basis) 

Agro and other Industries 

Milk and other collection centres 

Labour Capacity building Capacity building 


Sumul dairy (health 

camp) 

Logical Framework Analysis 

Components Activities Outputs Effect Impact 

Village 

Institution 

Formation 

• Formation of Watershed 

Committee, User Group 

Strengthening 

Village 

Institutions 

• Organise training and awareness 

programme for Village 

institutions 

• Capacity building workshops and 

exposure visits User Group and 

Watershed Committee 

• Failitating and monitoring the 

functioning of UGs and WCs 

• Strengthen linkages between UGs 

• One Watershed Committee 

each village 

• Number of User group 

depending on the coverage 

of particular intervention 

• Awareness camps to be 

organized. 

• trainings and exposure 

visits UGs and WCs to be 

held 

• Capacity building 

workshops to be organised 

• 1 Federations of UGs and 

WC to be formed 

• Project can be implemented 

and managed in a democratic 

and participatory way 

ensuring equity. 

• Quality of management of 

common resources improved. 

• Quality of distribution of 

benefits between people 

improved. 

• Increased awareness 

amongst women about 

village resources. 

• Women participation 

Sumul dairy (health 

camp) 

• Unity and 

prosperity in the 

village 

management. 

• People's 

Participation and 

positive perception 

towards the 

programme 



Fund 

Management 

Ecological 

Restoration 

and WCs and Panchayat 

Institutions 

• Gender sensitisation of UGs and 

WCs to increase inclusiveness of 

samuh decision-making. 

• Sensitise village communities to 

involve children and youth in 

development. 

• Improve management and 

utilisation of UGs and WCs. 

• Prepare communities to explore 

other sources of income for UGs 

and WCs. 

• Protection, treatment and 

regeneration of common and 

private lands 

• Protection, treatment and 

regeneration of forest lands 

• Plantation of fruits and forest 

species 

• Impart trainings, conduct 

meetings and organise exposure 

visits for communities, village 

volunteers and staff to effectively 

plan, execute and monitor 

activities 

• Identification and promotion of 

non-timber forest produce based 

income generation activities. 

• UGs and WCs operating 

bank account and 

managing resources on 

their own 

• Common and private lands 

to be brought under new 

plantations and agro-hortiforestry 

like Neem, Adusa, 

prosopis, Banyan and 

Peepul 

• Forest lands to be brought 

under new plantations and 

protection 

• Trainings, exposure visits 

and meetings to be 

organised for 

communities, village 

volunteers and staff 

• Income generation 

intervention promoted 

enhanced in decision-making 

of GVCs. 

• Involvement of youth and 

children in village 

development increased. 

• Purpose, frequency and 

volume of use of the fund 

enhanced. 

• Volume of funds generated 

for UGs and WCs from other 

sources of income increased. 

• Fodder availability from 

common and private lands 

increased 

• Accessibility to common and 

forest lands increased with 

removal of encroachments 

and resolution of conflicts 

• Better Ecological 

order in the area 

• Increase in the 

proportion of 

households having 

more security of 

fodder 

• Reduction in 

drudgery of fodder 

and fuel collection, 

especially women 



Chapter7 

QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES 



Quality and Sustainability Issues 

7.1 Plans for Monitoring and Evaluation 

A Web-based GIS System is being developed for monitoring and evaluating the project in its planning & implementation phases. The 

system would be available on a public domain and can be accessed by all the stakeholders of the project. The system shows the entire state of 

Gujarat and all of those areas selected over the next 18 years. Filtering allows the user to zoom onto one particular project. Details related to 

soil type, Land-use classification, inhabitation etc., can be obtained village-wise. Furthermore, survey-number wise details related to 

ownership, irrigation source, yield etc., can also be accessed by the users of the system. This system is being used for pooling up the details 

obtained from the DPR. In other words, the DPR is made available online in the form of a database which will help the stakeholders know areas 

of importance viz., already treated areas/historical works in the area, proposed areas for treatment etc., for further treatment and planning. 

The system would also show the satellite imageries of various years from the project inception stage to the project closing stages. This allows 

the user to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment and thereby plan corrective measures for the project area. The system would serve as an 

aiding tool to the planners and evaluators for judging the efficacy of the project. 

Yet another component of the Web-based GIS system is the Mobile based Monitoring & Evaluation System, which will help the ground 

staff alias WDTs (Watershed Development Team) to transmit information from the ground level to the central server. Also, any higher-up 

official in charge of the project can obtain information regarding the project area on their mobile phone by means of an SMS. The system works 

in the following manner. The WDT equipped with a GPS instrument marks the latitude-longitude information of various treatment areas during 

the DPR. The probable sites are then transferred onto the central server. During the works phase, any progress in the treatment areas is 

reported to the server by means of an SMS by the WDT. Similarly, any nodal officer or higher-up official can view the progress in a project by 

means of summarized reports generated over frequent periods of time. 



7.2 Plans for Project management: 

The Project management of any watershed programme is very important. It mainly depends upon the community organization and the 

village level institutes. In Mandan project, watershed committee, various user groups and SHGs have been formulated for post project 

operation and maintenance of assets created during project period. Major emphasis will be on equity and sustainable benefit of the project 

even after implementation stage. A proper link-up will be built during project period with various institutes and capacity building organization. 

They will act as a major kingpin during post implementation for scaling up the successful experience during project. 

7.3 Watershed Development Fund: 

The major source of financial assistance after post implementation period is watershed Development Fund. The contribution of it will 

comes mainly fund the following: 

7.4 User Charges: 

Various user groups will be formed in village. These user groups will collect user charges according to the designated rules formed 

during the formation of user group. These funds will be transferred to the WDF funds as per these formulated rules. The secretary of watershed 

committee (WC) shall maintain the records of the following. 



Chapter8 

MAPS 



Landuse/Landcover Map 



Groundwater Map 



River/Waterbody Map 



Soil Map 



Slope Map 



Action Plan Map 

Name of Village: Kevadi Kund 



Name of Village:

IWMP 4 - Commissionerate of Rural Development Gujarat State

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