ALCF Science 1 - Argonne National Laboratory

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EARLY SCIENCE PROGRAM Geophysics Using Multi-scale Dynamic Rupture Models to Improve Ground Motion Estimates Researchers will use Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) dynamic rupture simulation software to investigate high-frequency seismic energy generation. The relevant phenomena (frictional breakdown, shear heating, effective normal-stress fluctuations, material damage, etc.) controlling rupture are strongly interacting and span many orders of magnitude in spatial scale, requiring highresolution simulations that couple disparate physical processes (e.g., elastodynamics, thermal weakening, pore-fluid transport, and heat conduction). Compounding the computational challenge, natural faults are not planar but instead have roughness that can be approximated by power laws potentially leading to large, multiscale fluctuations in normal stress. The capacity to perform 3-D rupture simulations that couple these processes will provide guidance for constructing appropriate source models for high-frequency ground motion simulations. SCEC’s CyberShake system can calculate physics-based (3-D waveform modeling-based) probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) curves for California. Early Science Program Allocation: 7.5 Million Hours 32 On the next-generation Blue Gene, researchers, will calculate a 1Hz PSHA hazard map for California using improved rupture models from our multi-scale dynamic rupture simulations. They will calculate this high-resolution probabilistic seismic hazard map using the technique developed on the SCEC CyberShake project. This calculation will be done after integration of an improved pseudo-dynamic rupture generator into CyberShake system and production of a new and improved UCERF2.0-based Extended Rupture Forecast (ERF). The calculation will provide numerous important seismic hazard results, including a state-wide extended earthquake rupture forecast with rupture variations for all significant events, a synthetic seismogram catalog for thousands of scenario events, and more than 5,000 physicsbased seismic hazard curves for California. Contact Thomas Jordan University of Southern California | tjordan@usc.edu
argonne leadership computing facility η 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 Lattice Gauge Theory How Can We Better Understand the Basic Building Blocks of Nature? Scientists have long sought to understand the basic building blocks of nature. While the behavior of particles such as protons and neutrons is well understood, less is known about the interactions of quarks and gluons, which compose them, the even-smaller particles that make up protons and neutrons. Because they interact very differently than larger particles, the study of interactions between quarks and gluons, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), requires different methodology. With the help of supercomputers, scientists use a four-dimensional lattice representation of space-time to analyze QCD. This research aims to deepen the understanding of the interactions of quarks and gluons, the basic constituents of 99 percent of the visible matter in the universe. It will play a key role in ongoing efforts to develop a unified theory of the four fundamental forces of nature. Scientists conducting QCD research have logged over 300 million core hours on the Blue Gene/P at the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF). The scientists have generated gauge configurations with up, down, and strange quarks on lattices that are sufficiently fine-grained and have sufficiently small up and down quark masses to enable the extrapolation of key quantities to their physical values found in nature. The gauge configurations are being used to determine a wide range of important physical quantities in high energy and nuclear physics. With the use of the Blue Gene/P, the generation of gauge configurations has been accelerated in many cases by a factor of 5 to 10 over what was previously possible with other machines. S ψΚ S (φ,η)Κ 0.5 1.0 0.2 V ub DM s V cb 0.0 DM d -1.0 -0.5 0.0 ∈ Κ r The lattice QCD calculations performed of the decays and mixings of strongly interacting particles enable increasingly precise determinations of the parameters of the Standard Model of particle physics. This figure shows the bounds on the CP violating parameters rho and eta obtained from the mixings of K and B mesons with their antiparticles and from the decay of a B meson into a pion plus leptons. g a Domain-wall configuration ensembles of lattice spacings 0.114 femtometers (fm) and 0.086 fm have been completed on lattices of sizes 24 3 x64 and 32 3 x64, respectively. These are the largest domain-wall lattices ever attempted. For the staggered quarks, a set of runs with a lattice spacing of 0.06 and 0.045 fm have been completed. These are the most challenging staggered ensembles generated to date. These ensembles are currently being analyzed at the ALCF and elsewhere in studies of the decays and mixings of particles containing heavy quarks to enable major improvements in determining a number of elements of the CKM matrix. These calculations are enabling precise tests of the Standard Model, aiding in a deeper understanding of fundamental physics. Improved versions of both methods for lattice fermions are under way. For domain-wall fermions, a new method has been developed (the “AuxDet” method) that will permit a closer approach to the physical, light quark limit. For staggered fermions, an improved discretization method has been developed (“hisq” fermions) that substantially reduces discretization errors. New ensembles with the improved methods are expected soon. INCITE Allocation: 67 Million Hours INCITE PROGRAM 33 Contact Paul Mackenzie Fermilab | mackenzie@fnal.gov
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ALCF Science 1 - Argonne National Laboratory

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