Evaluation, Recommendations and Final Project Report

IST-2000-25394 Project Moby Dick 

D0603 

Evaluation, Recommendations and 

Final Project Report 

Contractual Date of Delivery to the CEC: 31 st January 2004 

Actual Date of Delivery to the CEC: February 2004 

Author(s): 

Partners of the Consortium 

Participant(s): 

Partners of the Consortium 

Work package: 

WP6 

Security: 

Public 

Nature: 

Report 

Version: 1.0 

Total number of pages: 44 

Abstract: 

This document gives an overview over the full duration of the project and the activities taken by the 

consortium. 

Keyword list: 

Moby Dick, Workpackages, Workplan, Summits, Concertation, Dissemination, Self Evaluation.

21. Near is thy forgetfulness of all things; and near the forgetfulness of thee by all. 

23. The universal nature out of the universal substance, as if it were wax, now moulds a horse, and when 

it has broken this up, it uses the material for a tree, then for a man, then for something else; and each of 

these things subsists for a very short time. But it is no hardship for the vessel to be broken up, just as there 

was none in its being fastened together. 

“Book Seven – The Meditations” 

By Marcus Aurelius 

Written 167 A.C.E. 

Translated by George Long 

Moby Dick WP4 2 / 44

WP6-D0603 Version 1.0 February 17, 2004 

Authors 

01 T-Nova 

Hans J. Einsiedler Phone: +49 (0)30 – 3497 3518 

Fax: +49 (0)30 – 3497 3519 

E-mail: hans.einsiedler@t-systems.com 

02 NEC 

Amardeo Sarma Phone: +49 (0)6221 – 90511 – 44 

Fax: +49 (0)6221 – 90511 – 55 

E-mail: mobile@ccrle.nec.de 

03 UC3M 

Jose Ignacio Moreno Phone: +34-916249183 

Fax: +34-916248749 

E-mail: jmoreno@it.uc3m.es 

04 ETHZ 

Burkhard Stiller Phone: +41-1-632 7016 

Fax: +41-1-632 1035 

E-mail: stiller@tik.ee.ethz.ch 

05 USTUTT 

Jürgen Jähnert Phone: +49 (0)711-685-4273 

Fax: +49 (0)711-678-8363 

E-mail: jaehnert@rus.uni-stuttgart.de 

06 GMD 

Davinder Pal Singh Phone: +49 (0)30-3463 7175 

Fax: +49-(0)30-3463 8175 

E-mail: singh@fokus.fraunhofer.de 

07 PTIn 

Victor Marques Phone: +351 234 403654 

Fax: +351 234 420722 

E-mail: victor-m-marques@ptinovacao.pt 

08 CRM 

Hong-Yon Lach Phone: +33 (0)1 69 35 25 36 

Fax: +33 (0)1 69 35 25 01 

E-mail: hong-yon.lach@crm.mot.com 

09 EURECOM 

Michelle Wetterwald Phone: +33 493.00.26.31 

Fax: +33 493.00.26.27 

E-mail: michelle.wetterwald@eurecom.fr 

10 UKR 

Piotr Pacyna Phone: +48 12 6345582 

Fax: +48 12 6342372 

E-mail: pacyna@kt.agh.edu.pl 

11 FTW 

Peter Reichl Phone: +43-1-505 28 30-31 

Fax: +43-1-505 28 30-99 

E-mail: reichl@ftw.at 



12 ICR 

Parijat Mishra Phone: +65-68709353 

Fax: +65-67795441 

E-mail: parijat@i2r.a-star.edu.sg 



Table of Contents 

1. OBJECTIVES AND WORKPLAN OF THE PROJECT ............................. 7 

1.1 Workpackage WP1 – Architecture and Applications..................................................................7 

1.2 Workpackage WP2 – Quality of Service.......................................................................................7 

1.3 Workpackage WP3 – Mobility.......................................................................................................7 

1.4 Workpackage WP4 – Authentication, Authorisation, Accounting and Charging ....................7 

1.5 Workpackage WP5 – Integration, Validation, Evaluation, and Trials ......................................8 

1.6 Workpackage WP6 – Project Management and External Liaison.............................................8 

2. OVERALL PLAN - DESCRIPTION OF THE WORKPACKAGES............. 8 

2.1 Workpackage/Workload Distribution ..........................................................................................8 

2.2 Planned Manpower Distribution ...................................................................................................9 

2.3 Overall Workpackage Description ..............................................................................................10 

2.4 Project Structure and Deliverable Schedule...............................................................................18 

2.5 Deliverable Overview....................................................................................................................20 

3. RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PROGRAMME........................................... 21 

3.1 Relationship to Other Projects and Clustering Activities .........................................................21 

4. MAJOR PROJECT RESULTS AND INPUT TO STANDARDISATION .. 21 

4.1 Major Project Result: Overall Architecture...............................................................................21 

4.2 Major Project Result: TD-CDMA Equipment...........................................................................22 

4.3 Major Project Result: QoS Architecture ....................................................................................23 

4.4 Major Project Result: Mobility Architecture.............................................................................23 

4.5 Major Project Result: A4C Architecture....................................................................................26 

4.6 Major Project Result: IP-Paging Architecture ..........................................................................27 

5. DISSEMINATION OF RESULTS............................................................. 29 

5.1 Publications ...................................................................................................................................29 

5.2 Presentations .................................................................................................................................33 

5.3 Journals .........................................................................................................................................35 

5.4 Technical Reports .........................................................................................................................36 



5.5 Standardisation .............................................................................................................................36 

5.6 Thesis .............................................................................................................................................37 

5.7 Press, Interviews, Broadcast, and Interviews.............................................................................37 

5.8 Moby Dick Summits .....................................................................................................................38 

5.9 Moby Dick Web-Site.....................................................................................................................42 

6. CONCLUSION, SELF ASSESSMENT, AND LESSONS LEARNT......... 43 



1. Objectives and Workplan of the project 

In order to evolve 3rd Generation mobile and wireless infrastructures further towards the Internet - 

targeting IST 2000 IV 5.2 "Terrestrial Wireless System and Networks", the project Moby Dick will 

define, implement, and evaluate an IPv6-based mobility-enabled end-to-end QoS architecture starting 

from the current IETF's QoS models, Mobile-IPv6, and AAA framework. A representative set of 

interactive and distributed multimedia applications will serve to derive system requirements for the 

verification, validation, and demonstration of the Moby Dick architecture in a testbed comprising UMTS, 

802.11 Wireless LANs and Ethernet. In the event of these existing applications or the underlying 

architectures not providing what is required, the necessary modification will be undertaken. The final testbed 

scenario is to provide Erasmus students exchanged between Spain and Germany with the mobilityenabled 

and wireless infrastructure to be able to follow lessons on the home university while being 

abroad. 

1.1 Workpackage WP1 – Architecture and Applications 

The objectives of this workpackage have been: 

• To define and specify the IPv6-based mobility-enabled end-to-end QoS Moby Dick architecture 

taking into account existing IETF QoS-, Mobile-IPv6- and AAA- standardization work. 

• To define functional requirements for the inter-working of ‘AAA and Charging’, QoS and Mobility. 

• To co-ordinate the technical work between WP2 (QoS), WP3 (Mobility) and WP4 (AAA) to 

guarantee a proper inter-working between these WPs. 

• To define set of interactive and distributive multimedia applications which are provided to WP5 to 

validate and verify the system concept and the application scenario. 

1.2 Workpackage WP2 – Quality of Service 


• To develop solution for QoS in a IPv6-based mobility-enabled network. 

• To provide support for QoS in a consistent way in heterogeneous wireless-wired network. 

• To allow QoS adaptation to wireless link and mobility. 

• To introduce bandwidth-broker concept. 

• To introduce schemes for admission control. 

• To provide guidelines for resource provisioning. 

• To evaluate signalling schemes for QoS. 

• To ensure tight inter-working with AAAC and mobility solutions. 

• To verify the QoS solution in a demonstrator. 

1.3 Workpackage WP3 – Mobility 


• To enable mobile differentiated (QoS) services for IP in the context of UMTS, while being able to 

authorise and charge users 

• To provide a unified mobile network architecture with a seamless mobility management for 

communication networks based on arbitrary heterogeneous access technologies, and to implement for 

this project specifically: 

• TD-CDMA (UMTS-TDD 1 ), 

• IEEE 802.11 (Wireless LAN) and 

• Ethernet (Wired LAN). 

1.4 Workpackage WP4 – Authentication, Authorisation, Accounting and 

Charging 


• To facilitate the deployment of a ubiquitous Mobile IPv6 infrastructure through a best-suited and 

pragmatic usage of an evolutionary AAAC architecture based on the IRTF AAA proposal, and 

• To contribute with our work to main standard bodies. 

1 In previous reports TD-CDMA was named as W-CDMA. This was a misunderstanding. Layer 1 and Layer 2 of 

UMTS-TDD are called TD-CDMA! 



1.5 Workpackage WP5 – Integration, Validation, Evaluation, and Trials 


• To propose and demonstrate a convergent and coherent all-IP(v6) network infrastructure able to 

federate heterogeneous wireless access networks. 

• To evaluate Moby Dick Architecture through a testbed including representative applications and 

access networks (efficiency, usability, utility). 

• To asses the commercial relevance and benefits (potential and actual). 

• To integrate and validate software and architecture provided by other workpackages in a specific trial 

scenario. 

• To trial the system in real life environment, providing end-users (students, operators, manufactures) 

views on exploitation conditions for the project results. 

• To create and operate the framework in which the evaluation process can gather the necessary data. 

1.6 Workpackage WP6 – Project Management and External Liaison 


• To provide scientific, technical, and overall project management and co-ordination. 

• To ensure the quality management and assurance. 

• To maintain the information flow between partners. 

• To provide administrative and financial control according to workplan. 

• To co-ordinate the dissemination and promotion activities and to present the project towards the 

European Commission. 

• To build up and keep contacts to other IST projects (e.g. BRAIN, WINE GLASS) and/or other 

activities, e.g. EURESCOM projects (”http://www.eurescom.de/”), and to standardisation bodies 

such as IETF, etc. 

• To install an IPv6 cluster or sub-cluster in the framework of the “system Beyond 3G”-cluster for 

IPv6 mobility issues. 

2. Overall Plan - Description of the Workpackages 

2.1 Workpackage/Workload Distribution 

Participant 

number 

P01 P02 P03 P04 P05 P06 P07 P08 P09 P10 P11 P12 

Org. T-Nova NEC UC3M ETHZ USTUTT GMD PTIN CRM EUR UKR FTW ICR 

Status: C P P P P P P P P P P P 

WP1 11 12 17 17 36 28 9 24 18 6 0 12 

WP2 9 0 24 16 17 0 28 42 18 20 6 26 

WP3 18 42 12 0 17 0 13 24 18 0 0 0 

WP4 12 0 12 36 24 56 0 0 0 0 6 10 

WP5 10 18 20 16 27 18 9 18 18 6 0 4 

WP6 27 0 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

total MM 87 72 91 88 121 102 59 108 72 32 12 52 

MM in 

CPF 

87,4 72 91 88,2 121 102 59 108 72 32 12 52 

Table 1: Workload distribution per partner and workpackage 

Remark: 

• WP6 covered only administrative management. This includes the overall co-ordination for the coordinator 

(P01) of the project and dissemination activities. Partner P03 (UC3M) was responsible for 

the organisation of the Erasmus students in Spain. Partner P04 (ETHZ) was not funded by the 

Commission because they are Swiss. Both partners have a bigger amount of administrative work, this 

is reflected in manpower in WP6. 



• For all partners it was mandatory to participate in WP1 – the architectural workpackage – and in 

WP5 – test and trials. Only partner P11 (FTW) did not have to participate in these workpackages. 

They were participating with 10% funding and with a relative small amount of manpower. They were 

focusing on specific theoretical topic within WP2 – QoS – and WP4 – AAAC. 

• Partner P12 joined already the project last year (2002). The Amendment was confirmed in August 

2003. 

2.2 Planned Manpower Distribution 

140 

120 

Manpower in Manmonth 

100 

80 

60 

40 

20 

WP1 

WP2 

WP3 

WP4 

WP5 

WP6 

0 

P01 P02 P03 P04 P05 P06 P07 P08 P09 P10 P11 P12 

Partner 

Figure 1: Graph of the manpower distribution per partner and workpackage 



2.3 Overall Workpackage Description 

The following includes administrative technical information, including the deliverables. 

B1. Workpackage list 

WP 

No 

Workpackage title 

Lead 

contractor 

No., 

Responsible 

person 

Personmonths 

Startmonth 

Endmonth 

Deliverable No 

WP1 

Architectural Requirements 

and Applications 

P05 

Jürgen 

Jähnert 

190 1 30 D0101 

D0102 

D0103 

WP2 Quality of Service P08 

Hong-Yon 

Lach 

WP3 Mobility P02 

Amardeo 

Sarma 

206 5 28 D0201 

D0202 

144 5 28 D0301 

D0302 

D0303 

WP4 

Authentication, Authorisation, 

Accounting and Charging 

P04 

Burkhard 

Stiller 

156 5 28 D0401 

D0402 

WP5 

Integration, Validation, 

Evaluation and Trials 

P03 

José Ignacio 

Moreno 

Novella 

166 13 36 D0501 

D0502 

D0503 

D0504 

WP6 

Project Management and 

External Liaison 

P01 

Hans Joachim 

Einsiedler 

34 1 36 D0601 

D0602 

D0603 

TOTAL 894 



B3. Workpackage description 

Workpackage number : WP1 

Title: 

Architecture and Applications 

Start date or starting event: Month 1/ Year 1 

Participant number: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Sum 

Person-months per participant: 11 12 17 17 36 28 9 24 18 6 0 12 190 

Objectives 

• To define and specify the IPv6-based mobility-enabled end-to-end QoS Moby Dick architecture taking into 

account existing IETF QoS-, Mobile-IPv6- and AAA- standards work. 

• To define functional requirements for the inter-working of ‘AAA and Charging’, QoS and Mobility. 

• To co-ordinate the technical work between WP2 (QoS), WP3 (Mobility) and WP4 (AAA) to guarantee a 

proper inter-working between these WPs. 

• To define set of interactive and distributive multimedia applications which are provided to WP5 to 

validate/verify the system concept and the application scenario. 

Description of work 

A0101: Applications 

• Select, possibly modify/enhance applications to challenge Moby Dick's technology and architectural 

solutions and to validate/verify the system concept and the application scenario ('ERASMUS students') in 

the field trials. 

A0102: Requirements of QoS Support 

• Specify general requirements of QoS support. Specify functional requirement, components and external 

interfaces for QoS. 

A0103: Requirements of Mobility Support 

• Specify general requirements of mobility support. Specify functional requirements, components and 

external interfaces for mobility support for both, the network infrastructure and the mobile node. 

A0104: Requirements of AAA Support 

• Specify general requirements for an AAA framework in control of all policies and mechanisms pertinent to 

Mobility and QoS. Specify functional requirement, components and external interfaces of the AAA . 

Deliverables 

D0101: Moby Dick Framework Specification 

D0102: Moby Dick Application Framework Specification 

D0103: Moby Dick Consolidated System Integration Plan 

Milestones and expected result 

M1.1: First version of D0101 at M4 

M1.2: D0101 final version at M10 (Appendix will include the first version of D0201, D0301, and D0401.) 


M1.4: First version of D0103 at M16 (Internal Report) 

M1.5: D0102 final version at M20 

M1.6: Second version of D0103 at M24 (Internal Report) 


Manpower Distribution for WP 1 – Partner per Activity 

Activity ID P01 P02 P03 P04 P05 P06 P07 P08 P09 P10 P11 P12 

A0101 3 2 9 3 8 5 2 4 4 2 0 4 

A0102 4 0 5 4 8 0 4 12 7 6 0 4 

A0103 2 10 2 0 8 8 3 8 7 0 0 0 

A0104 2 0 2 10 12 15 0 0 0 0 0 4 

The table specifies an estimation of the workload distribution and will be adapted during the runtime of 

the project. 




Workpackage number : 

WP2 

Title: 

Quality of Service 

Start date or starting event: Month 5 / Year 1 



Objectives 

This workpackage will 

Investigate the QoS support for the IPv6-based mobility-enabled end-to-end QoS architecture, and 

Develop the solutions in the Moby Dick testbed’s IP infrastructure and mobile nodes. 


Taking the architectural requirements from WP1, this workpackage will carry out the following activities: 

A0201: Admission control 

• Introduce admission control which is necessary to control the amount of traffic which is allowed for a 

given QoS class, in order to preserve the already provided QoS for other packets of the same class. 

• Study Bandwidth Broker to manage resources in a user domain according to its dynamic SLA, with RSVP 

as its signalling protocol with the mobile nodes, to support negotiation and re-negotiation of admission 

control in a time-critical manner. 

A0202: QoS provision 

• Investigate the use of IntServ/RSVP in the user domain to support per-flow QoS. Typically, the issues to 

be addressed include the QoS mapping at the IntServ/DiffServ domain boundary; definition of the optimal 

operation point between reservations of the IntServ model, SLAs and configuration of service classes 

(PHBs) of DiffServ; etc. 

• Investigate how to classify and mark the packets both in the user node and the edge routers. 

A0203: QoS adaptation to wireless link and mobility 

• Define a QoS API and its mapping to the underlying QoS support. Such QoS API will also be used for 

mobility support to allow the mobile device to switch to another network proactively. 

• Adapt the behaviour of the protocol stack, especially TCP, to wireless-link and mobility, to optimise its 

performance. 

• Enhance protocol operations by enhancing information exchange in the interfaces between protocol layers. 

A0204:Implementation and evaluation of the Moby Dick QoS components 

• Implement the Moby Dick QoS component according to the research results in A0201, A0202 and A0203. 

• Integrate the Moby Dick QoS components in the Moby Dick testbed and evaluate their performance. 

Deliverables 

D0201: Initial Design and Specification of the Moby Dick QoS Architecture 

D0202: Development and Implementation Report on the QoS Components for Moby Dick 


M2.1: First version of D0201 at M10 included in D0101 as an appendix of work in progress 


M2.3: Test and evaluation of the initial implementation of the QoS components at M20 

M2.4: Test and evaluation of the final implementation of the QoS components at M27 


Manpower Distribution for WP 2 


A0201 0 0 0 9 10 0 4 11 0 0 2 0 

A0202 0 0 10 0 0 0 10 0 0 10 2 10 

A0203 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 10 0 2 2 

A0204 0 0 14 7 7 0 14 20 8 10 0 14 


the project. 




Workpackage number : 

WP3 

Title: 

Mobility 




Objectives 

• To enable mobile differentiated (QoS) services for IP in the context of UMTS 

• To provide a unified mobile network architecture with a seamless mobility management for 

communication networks based on 

o TD-CDMA (UMTS), 

o IEEE 802.11 (Wireless LAN) and 

o Ethernet (Wired LAN). 


A0301 Specification 

• This activity will specify and integrate mobility architecture. 

A0302 Development 

• This activity will develop interfaces and modules for the specified mobility architecture. The specification 

will be adapted to real-world requirements and the capabilities within this project. It will in particular 

consider requirements from other workpackages to allow the provision of enhanced service qualities in a 

mobile environment. 

A0303 Implementation 

• This activity will implement the mobility architecture as specified in the previous activities. 

• The implemented prototype will provide fast and seamless mobility between different networks and 

administrative domains. It will also implement enhancements to IP mobility support, in order to support 

real-time VoIP traffic. 

• The technical basis for this work will come from both the telecommunication/UMTS and the Internet/IETF 

environments. In particular, real-time voice via QoS-enhanced Mobile Ipv6 over local and wide area 

networks – and seamless mobility between them – will be supported. 

Deliverables 

D0301: Initial Design and Specification of a Moby Dick Mobility Architecture 

D0302: Mobility Architecture Implementation Report 

D0303: Development and Implementation Report on the Mobility Components for Moby Dick 


M3.1: First version of D0301 at M10 included in D0101 as an appendix of work in progress 

M3.2: D0301 final version and implementation prototype LAN at M16 


M3.4: D0302 final version and implementation prototype WAN at M24 

M3.5: First version of the overall report D0303 at M26 

M3.6: D0303 final version and final prototype at M28 



A0301 6 11 4 0 4 0 4 6 4 0 0 0 

A0302 6 10 4 0 5 0 5 6 5 0 0 0 

A0303 6 21 4 0 8 0 4 12 9 0 0 0 


the project. 





Title: 

Authentication, Authorisation, Accounting and Charging 




Objectives 

• To facilitate the deployment of an ubiquitous Mobile IPv6 infrastructure through a best-suited and 

pragmatic usage of an evolutionary AAAC architecture based on the IRTF AAA proposal, and 

• To contribute with our work to main standard bodies. 


The task of this work package is to specify, develop, and implement a generic and scalable AAAC architecture 

in support of Mobile IPv6-based Quality-of-Service (QoS) aware services over a heterogeneous network 

infrastructure including integrated wired/wireless access aspects, multicast services, and multi-provider 

scenarios. 

A0401: Detailed Specification of an AAAC Architecture 

• The IETF's and IRTF's AAA architecture serves as the basis of this work, however, based on the dedicated 

services considered and designed, a major enlargement and detailing of this basis is necessary. These 

extensions are to be specified and integrated into the overall Moby Dick architecture. 

A0402: Implementation of the Specified AAAC Architecture 

• This activity will implement an AAAC server based on the specification of ACT 0401 and on the overall 

Moby Dick architecture. It will provide an open source reference implementation to the public domain. 

A0403: Authentication, Authorisation, and Auditing 

• Evaluate mobility scenarios and requirements for authentication and authorisation with respect to Mobile 

IPv6. Based on the support for configurability for service-specific and user-specific features by allowing 

for policy-based functions, the scenario given above is applied to the architecture. 

A0404: Accounting and Charging 

• Tasks to be performed include the investigation and definition of the relation between accounted for 

information and charging based on the services provided including mobile services and users (service level 

agreement definitions, parameter identification, mapping definition, and pricing model design). Based on 

investigations on the suitability of accounting for information in use of dynamic and static pricing models 

applying policy management, the design of an appropriate accounting and charging model for DiffServ 

backbones is performed. In addition, flow-based access networks and a transition to future QoS signalling 

methods in the local domain for mobile users are developed. Apply the given scenario above to the 

architecture and set up a test case and implementation. 

Deliverables 

D0401: Design and Specification of an AAAC Architecture Draft on administrative, heterogeneous, multiprovider, 

and mobile IPv6 Subnets 

D0402: Development and Implementation Report an AAAC Components for Moby Dick 


M4.1: First Version of AAAC architecture at M10, included in D0101 as an appendix of work in progress 


M4.3: Test and evaluation of the components developed in this work package, at M20 

M4.4: Open source AAAC server implementation provided to public domain, at M24 




A0401 4 0 4 8 4 8 0 0 0 0 2 0 

A0402 2 0 2 18 12 28 0 0 0 0 0 10 

A0403 3 0 3 4 3 10 0 0 0 0 2 0 

A0404 3 0 3 6 5 10 0 0 0 0 2 0 

The table specifies an estimation of the workload distribution and will be adapted during the 

runtime of the project. 





Title: 

Integration, Validation, Evaluation and Trials 




Objectives 

• To propose and demonstrate a convergent and coherent all-IP(v6) network infrastructure able to federate 

heterogeneous wireless access networks. 

• To evaluate Moby Dick Architecture through a testbed including representative applications and access 

networks (efficiency, usability, utility). 

• To integrate and validate software and architecture provide by others workpackages in a specific trial 

scenario. 

• To trial the system in real life environment, providing end-users (students, operators, manufactures) views 

on exploitation conditions for the project results. 

• To create and operate the framework in which the evaluation process can gather the necessary data. 


Moby Dick will perform international trials at two different sites: Madrid/Spain and Stuttgart/Germany using 

real users: SOCRATES-ERASMUS students located in these cities. These trials will be deployed over the 

Moby Dick framework specified in WP1 and will provide a comprehensive technical-economical evaluation of 

it. Each trial will be based on a three stage process: define trials and experiments, perform the experiments and 

evaluate them. Based on trials evaluation, WP5 will provide appropriate feedback to WP1-4. 

A0501: Definition of Moby Dick Trial Scenarios. 

• In this activity, a detail definition of trials will be done based on the work done in WP1-4. Trials will test 

two different scenarios based on synchronous (real-time) and asynchronous applications (non real time). 

Synchronous applications will be based on VoIP and telelearning, which will permit exchange information 

between ERASMUS students and their home university (faculty, co-students) and even to attend remote 

conferences, lectures and presentations in real time. Asynchronous applications will be based on remote 

access and will provide ERASMUS information, digital libraries, etc. Based on these trials, the objective of 

the project will be evaluated in a real scenario. 

A0502: First Test and Evaluation Report 

• In this activity the first Trial will be carried out. This trial will focus on local test of Moby Dick prototype 

without external users and will allow to fit all the local equipment of the trials sites and will provide 

feedback for the WP1-4. 

A0503: Second Test and Evaluation Report 

• The second trial will include unicast applications based on VoIP, telelearning and database access and will 

be conducted by real users, SOCRATES-ERASMUS students located in the trial sites (Madrid/Spain and 

Stuttgart/Germany) 

A0504: Trial and Evaluation Report 

• Final trials will include unicast and multicast applications. Both of them will be based on SOCRATES- 

ERASMUS student in a real life environment. As a conclusion of the trial, a comprehensive technicaleconomical 

evaluation of Moby Dick framework will be provided. 

Deliverables 

D0501: Definition of Moby Dick Trial Scenarios. 

D0502: First Test and Evaluation Report 

D0503: Second Test and Evaluation Report 

D0504: Trial and Evaluation Report 



M5.2: Evaluation workshop in M15 










A0501 1 2 2 2 3 2 1 2 2 1 0 0 

A0502 1 2 4 2 3 3 1 2 2 0 0 2 

A0503 2 4 4 4 6 5 2 4 4 2 0 2 

A0504 6 10 12 8 15 8 5 10 10 3 0 0 


the project. 





Title: 

Project Management and External Liaison 




Objectives 

• To provide scientific, technical and overall project management and co-ordination. 

• To ensure the quality management and assurance. 

• To maintain the information flow between partners. 

• To provide administrative and financial control according to workplan. 

• To co-ordinate the dissemination and promotion activities and to present the project towards the European 

Commission. 

• To build up and keep contacts to other IST projects (e.g. BRAIN, WINE CLASS) and/or other activities, 

e.g. EURESCOM projects (”http://www.eurescom.de/”), and to standardisation bodies such as IETF, etc. 


The objectives outlined are split up into the following activities: 

A0601: Administrative Work and IST Activities 

• Supervision of workpackages according to the contract/workplan. 

• Financial controlling and management of resources. 

• Controlling of formal reporting with respect to the contract (management reports). 

• Preparation of IST reports (Annual Project reports). 

A0602: External Liaison 

• Participation in the concertation mechanisms, clusters, and pushing the co-operation between related 

projects on the regional, cross-regional and European level. 

• Proactive dissemination of information to the public. 

• Co-ordination and controlling of each partners’ results in order to allow for effective and efficient internal 

information delivery (e.g. deliverables). 

A0603: Dissemination 

• Analysis and verification of business opportunities, exploitation, and use plans. 

Deliverables 

D0601 Dissemination and Use Plan 

D0602 Exploitation Plan 

D0603 Evaluation, Recommendation, and Final Project Report 


Monthly Management Reports to the Commission 

M6.1: Dissemination and Use Plan at M7. 

M6.2: Annual Project Report for the first year at M12 

M6.3: Annual Project Report for the second year at M24 

M6.4: Annual Project Report for the third year, D0601 and D602 at M37 



A0601 18 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

A0602 5 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

A0603 9 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

The table specifies an estimation of the workload distribution and will be adapted during the 

runtime of the project. 



2.4 Project Structure and Deliverable Schedule 

The results of all workpackages have been manifested in 17 deliverables. 

WP1 

WP2 

WP3 

WP4 

WP5 

WP6 

2001 

0 

2002 2003 2004 

months 

6 12 18 24 30 36 

Deliverables 

D0101 

D0102 

D0103 

D0201 

D0202 

D0301 

D0302 

D0303 

D0401 

D0402 

D0501 

D0502 

D0503 

D0504 

D0601 

D0602 

D0603 

Figure 2: Time Schedule of the Workpackages and the Deliverables 

The results of the implementation workpackages (WP2, WP3, and WP4) have been tested at the same 

time in workpackage WP5. The project has defined three steps of testing. WP5.1 has done local tests. 

WP5.2 has done interoperability in at least two locations connected via the European Commission 

Research backbone. In WP5.3, the project has successfully performed the tests, which than led to the trial. 



WP2 WP3 WP4 

WP1 

WP5.1 

time 

WP5.2 

WP5.3 

WP6 

Figure 3:Organisation and Functional Structure of the Project 

Figure 3 shows the interdependence of the workpackages. WP6 covers all other workpackages. WP1 

accompanies the implementation workpackages (WP2, WP3, and WP4) and the first two parts of the test 

and trial workpackage (WP5.1 and WP5.2). WP1 closed when the trial has started. However, the full 

support of the trial was given within WP5.3. 



2.5 Deliverable Overview. 

Deliverables list 

Del. No. Deliverable name WP 

no. 

Del. 

type* 

Security** 

D0101 Moby Dick Framework Specification 2 1 R Pub. 

D0102 Moby Dick Application Framework Specification 1 R Pub. 

D0103 Moby Dick Consolidated System Integration Plan 1 R Pub. 

D0201 

D0202 

D0301 

Initial Design and Specification of the Moby Dick QoS 

Architecture 

Development and Implementation Report on the QoS 

Components for Moby Dick 

Initial Design and Specification of the Moby Dick Mobility 

Architecture 

2 R Int. 

2 P Pub. 

3 R Int. 

D0302 Mobility Architecture Implementation Report 3 R Pub. 

D0303 

D0401 

D0402 

Development and Implementation Report on the Mobility 


Design and Specification of an AAAC Architecture Draft on 

administrative, heterogeneous, multi-provider, and mobile 

IPv6 sub-networks 

Development and Implementation Report on AAAC 


3 P Pub. 

4 R Pub. 

4 P Pub. 

D0501 Definition of Moby Dick Test and Trial Methodology 5 R Pub. 

D0502 First Test and Evaluation Report 5 R Int. 

D0503 Second Test and Evaluation Report 5 R Int. 

D0504 Trial and Evaluation Report 5 R Pub. 

D0601 Dissemination and Use Plan 6 R Pub 

D0602 Exploitation Plan 6 R Int. 

D0603 Evaluation, Recommendations and Final Project Report 6 R Pub. 

* A short, self-evident description e.g. report, demonstration, conference, specification, prototype… 

** Int. Internal circulation within project (and Commission Project Officer if requested) 

Rest. Restricted circulation list (specify in footnote) and Commission PO only 

IST Circulation within IST Programme participants 

FP5 Circulation within Framework Programme participants 

Pub. Public document 

Table 2: Deliverable Titles 

2 The deliverable D0101 will include the first versions of D0201 (M2.1), D0301(M3.1) and D0401 (M4.1) as working documents in 

the appendix. 



3. Relationship with the Programme 

The number of Internet connected handsets or mobile hosts have exceeded the number of fixed to the 

Internet connected hosts in 2003. At the same time, an increasing number of mobile and portable hosts 

will require and eventually have integrated interfaces to connect various kinds of access networks, such as 

cellular networks, wireless LANs, and wired LANs, to be engaged in communications with various 

desired QoS. In addition to horizontal handover mechanisms (roaming in different cells) established in 

cellular networks, this multi-access network scenario requires vertical (connection to different types of 

access networks) handover solutions. To meet these requirements, Moby Dick has developed its uniform 

IP-convergence architecture for ubiquitous Internet access. IPv6, MIPv6, and AAA are key ingredients of 

Moby Dick's approach to mobility. QoS and AAA are extremely well suited to provide the European 

Community an added value and to contribute to policies of the European Commission. IPv6, QoS, 

mobility and AAA are considered – both at the European level and within the IETF – to be the 

technologies necessary for ubiquitous access for the next-generation Internet. In addition, they are the 

technical areas where Europe has a competitive edge over the US – both with respect to influence in the 

relevant standardisation bodies and with regard to products. Within this context, Moby Dick will 

contribute to and promote the IST Programme Objectives in several ways: 

• By establishing a new, IPv6-based convergence architecture for uniform ubiquitous usage of existing 

and next generation of heterogeneous wired, wireless, and mobile access technologies to the Internet. 

• By introducing a selected user community to use the trial infrastructure and to evaluate the 

importance of the services enabled by this architecture – thus increasing user demands for the 

services and the capability of suppliers to meet these demands. 

• By leveraging the European success in mobile technology and the related infrastructure deployment, 

thereby enhancing acceptance of IPv6 and maintaining European leadership in the next generation of 

mobile and wireless systems, their development and deployment. 

3.1 Relationship to Other Projects and Clustering Activities 

Within the IST-Programme, the project participated in the “System Beyond 3G”-cluster 

(http://www.cordis.lu/ist/ka4/mobile/beyond3g.htm). It was planned in the beginning to set-up an IPv6 

sub-cluster in the framework of the “System beyond 3G”-cluster. The activity was not started, since the 

focus of the cluster went into more Internet compliant interests and so it was not necessary to double the 

work. In 2003 Moby Dick representative Hong-Yong Lach representing P08 (Motorola) headed the 

“System Beyond 3G”-cluster. 

The project invited other project to present their results as well the project was invited to present the 

results in other workshops, summits, etc. All workshops and summits are listed later in this report. 

4. Major Project Results and Input to Standardisation 

4.1 Major Project Result: Overall Architecture 

The Moby Dick architecture successfully integrated Mobility, QoS and AAA towards an IP dominated 

mobile Internet platform. The key result of the project is that Mobile IPv6 with the slight extensions as 

proposed in Moby Dick is able to provide QoA-aware and AAA-supported seamless mobility on 

heterogeneous network architecture. 

The Moby Dick architecture clearly showed that the Internet can become a mobile network which goes 

beyond the support for nomadic use only, as currently supported by WLAN/Mobile IP technologies. 

Inter-technology handover can be supported easily and though the profile concept of Moby Dick users 

can be de-coupled from end systems and user mobility concepts can be introduced into such a network 

without severe problems. 

A further result is that seamless mobility between administrative domains is still an open issue and was 

not the key focus of Moby Dick for the following reason: 

Moby Dick provides a network architecture which provides technical solutions to technical problems. The 

inter-domain scenario is rather an economical and contractual problem than a technical problem. Here the 

relation and in turn the business models describing the relationship between two operators are the more 

critical path and so, this topic is out of the scope of Moby Dick. 

Further open issues so far are, if the mobile operators really allow the Internet to become mobile and 

seamlessly available since the Internet lacks of a business model and so there exists no concept how to 

really earn money. So the Moby Dick consortium can handover this successor-problem to the economists 



in order to get feedback about the level of openness this infrastructure can stand in order to generate the 

revenue required. 

A further, very important aspect is the missing concept describing the relationship between the network 

operator and a third party operator creating a service to be consumed by the user. This relationship could 

bring new requirements to the AAA part of the Moby Dick architecture which has nod been considered so 

far. 

4.2 Major Project Result: TD-CDMA Equipment 

In the framework of the Moby Dick project, EURECOM's Radio Software Platform has been enhanced to 

provide the required RRC functionalities in addition to the former UMTS-TDD Layer 1 and Layer 2 

features. Through the http://www.wireless3g4free.com/ website, EURECOM will release its 

implementation of the UMTS/TDD (3GPP) Access Stratum and IPv4/v6 interconnect under a GNU GPL 

(i.e. for free) 

3.5G + WLAN 

Radio Access 

Next Generation Mobile 

Internet Technology (Mobile- 

IPv6, DiffServ) 

Open-Source 

Software (Linux, 

RTLinux, RTAI) 

Figure 1: Standardisation Relations 

Technical Information: 

Wireless3G4Free.com’s approach is based on the convergence of three technological trends: 

Collaborative wireless standards (e.g. 3GPP, 802.11), Next Generation Internet Technology (Mobile- 

IPv6, DiffServ, etc.) and open-source software. The components are combined to provide innovative, 

cost and spectrally efficient solutions for providing high-end Internet services to mobile users. 

Specifically, our approach allows for: 

Advanced signal processing techniques for ensuring high spectral efficiency: 

• smart antenna processing 

• iterative coding 

• multi-user scheduling 

• higher layers protocols & services (direct interconnection with IPv4 and IPv6 networks and WLAN 

systems) 

• Joint radio resource, mobility and QoS management across different radio access technologies 

The hardware/software platforms currently run under the RT-Linux real-time operating system using 

public-domain IPv4 and IPv6 protocol implementations. The software portion can be built from standard 

Red Hat 7.3 and 8.0 releases of the Linux operating system and currently runs on x86-based processing 

systems. Low-power embedded solutions are currently under development. 

The provided solutions cover the following operating modes 

• Real time processing for wideband signals (e.g. 3G Standards) in the RF Spectrum (currently 1.900 

to 1.920GHz) or at Intermediate Frequency (70 MHz) 

• Recording mode for off-line post-processing (measurement campaigns) 

• 3GPP Radio Access Network Simulation for Linux clusters 

The platform currently implements the 3GPP UMTS/TDD high chip rate (3.84 Mchip/s) access stratum 

protocols with an IP-based interconnection with off-the-shelf 802.11 WLAN solutions. 



4.3 Major Project Result: QoS Architecture 

The QoS Architecture major results can be structure along three main lines: 

a) The definition of an operator-driven service concept with practical usage for IP networks. In 

an operator environment, controlling effectively the resources that are free and what is being 

used by each user is essential from the Quality of Service point of view. Moreover, this 

control is also needed from a commercial and AAAC point of view – only paying users may 

access the network, with the QoS allowed by their profile. Therefore, WP2 developed a 

service concept that simultaneously allows practical resource control, while complying with 

the commercial view of a service. 

b) The definition of an integrated QoS framework, able to support QoS-aware mobility and 

AAAC interworking. For feasibility reasons, this framework had to be light, but with 

extensive flexibility, in order not to constrain the services to be provided by the operators. 

An IntServ-alike solution does not fit well with the scalability demanded by such an 

environment, where millions of terminals can be expected. On the other hand, a pure 

DiffServ approach does not have enough precision in resource control and QoS guarantees. 

The outcome of these considerations was the development of a scenario defining specific 

mobility and AAAC messages, and using distributed QoS Brokers to perform Call 

Admission Control (CAC) per user and per service and resource management. Some of the 

message flows defined can be found in the next section, and will not be repeated here. The 

overall control infrastructure will be easily scalable, with proper network design. 

c) The creation of a mobility-aware QoS-broker, with standard interfaces for AAAC systems, 

and operating on the basis of the “customer profile”. The QoS Broker developed is 

populated with several types of interfaces and functionalities, making it a flexible control 

tool, able to interoperate with different types of devices, and to support multiple resource 

management policy strategies: 

The QoS Broker developed followed distributed management IP-standards for communications, 

resorting to the COPS protocol for communication with other devices. The QoS broker is fully 

flexible, with a set of independent modules: 

• A QoS Broker engine, able to perform user and service admission control, and able to 

keep track of the resources under its domain and manage its QoS domain in an 

optimised way. The support of different management policies is done by the 

configuration/complexity of this entity. 

• A Virtual Router interface to provide to the QoS Broker engine a common interface, 

independent of the types of Access Router. Thus the QoS Broker can take decisions 

with simple generic models for the ARs. This interface is then able to map this generic 

model into the specifics of each AR. 

• A COPS interface for AR configuration and interoperation, able to handle mobility 

information messages, and to adequately configure the routers according with the QoS 

engine decisions. 

• A COPS interface with the AAAC system for reception of the user profiles and service 

definitions 

• A custom interface with other QoS Brokers, both for mobility management (using 

context transfer) and detailed network control. 

• A custom interface for data collecting to have information on the real network status. 

This framework and the QoS Broker have been successfully integrated in the Moby Dick infrastructure, 

and properly tested. 

4.4 Major Project Result: Mobility Architecture 

Fast hand-over prototype: A significant result of the project was the implementation of fast handover in 

the mobility and integrated prototypes towards seamless mobility. Using just MIPv6, there is quite some 

delay when the access point (access router) is changed, in the range of up to 10 seconds. This could be 

significantly reduced using Fast Handover, which uses the make-before-break approach compared to 

break-before-make of plain MIPv6. 

Before fast handover was implemented, Fast Handover was compared to using just Mobile IPv6, and it 

could be shown that it we could expect significant improvements. The following ns-2 simulations done in 

the project demonstrates the gains we get via Fast Handover regarding latency. 



Figure 2: Mobile IPv6 versus Fast Handover Mobile IPv6 

Further simulations showed that data loss could also almost be eliminated using Fast Handover. These 

simulation results led to Moby Dick using this technology for seamless handovers. 

The prototype confirmed our expectations regarding seamlessness. In addition, it turned out that Fast 

Handover could nicely be integrated with AAA and QoS to carry context data (user identity, QoS) from 

the old Access Router to the new Access Router, thus supporting context transfer. Though not yet 

officially taken up, such results have been discussed at IETF in the Seamoby group, and it such 

combinations will hopefully be taken up in future. 

The figure below shows how the message flows integrate context transfer in our implementation of Fast 

Handover. 

MN oAR nAR oQoS.f nQoS.f AAAC.f HA 

2 

1 

3 

* 

A 

C 

B 

5 

6 

7 

9 

8 

* if delay is an issue, it is an 

option to not wait for C and “roll 

back” in case of failure instead. 

10 

11 12 

13 

14 

X 

15 

Figure 3: Moby Dick fast intra-domain handover message flow (including AAA / QoS) 



No. Message Content / Parameters Remarks 

1 Router Advertisement Network prefix + x Indicates HO type - see below 

2 Router Solicitation for Proxy NARaddr, new CoA 

3 Handover Initiate SubSubProfile, key, new 

CoA 

CT info for AAA as bytestream 

conveyed 

A QoS message A NAR, oCoA Indication of nAR ID, oCoA 

B QoS message B HoA, nCoA, DSCP in use carry NVUP (HoA, nCoA, 

DSCP in use) 

C QoS message C Configuration data, result 

info (command and DAD 

check result) 

carries configuration data for 

nAR or info on ResReserv 

failure, indication on DAD 

result 

5 Handover Acknowledge SPI 

6 Proxy Router Advertisement SPI 

7 Handover Execute (FBU) 

8 Start Bicasting (& Timer) 

9 Handover Execute ACK 

10 Leaving old link 

11 Bicasting Timer expired (Forwarding still ‘active’ 

some more time) 

12 Accounting data CoA, DSCP, Time, In/Out 

Byte/Packet Counter 

13 Neighbour Advertisement 

X Accounting Start CoA, DSCP, Time Accounting Start requires 

context and is triggered on 

reception of 1st PDU 

14 Binding Update 

15 Binding ACK 

Table 1: Fast Handover Signal Flow Explanation 

The results here have resulted in a major step of our understanding: We may use Fast Handover to 

achieve the kind of functions in a pure IP-based environments regarding AAA and QoS that we so far 

only had in traditional circuit-switched networks. 

Driver and Wireless-LAN-cards: They are not optimised for fast hand-over. Future wireless networks 

will need to use the wireless LAN (802.11b) infrastructure mode to provide the kind of services that 

Moby Dick has prototyped. However, the available wireless LAN cards do not allow fast discovery (in 

infrastructure mode) of new access points while connected. In addition, the layer-2 latency was too high. 

For these reasons, the ad-hoc mode was chosen for the purposes of the project. The WLAN Linux driver 

was modified and enhanced to simulate the infrastructure mode. This solution allows the mobile terminal 

to receive and send data via the access point and, in the meanwhile, to process beacons advertised by 

other access points. The decision for handovers is based on the signal strength of the received router 

advertisement. It was the common understanding in the project, that the ad hoc mode is a temporary 

solution, and that future solutions would use the infrastructure mode provided the issues mentioned 

above, such as layer-2 latency, as solved by the WLAN card manufacturers. It is expected that upcoming 

solutions, such as offered by Moby Dick, will motivate WLAN vendors to tackle these problems, which 

may not be relevant for the current uses of the cards. The solution could lie both in generally improving 

the functionality and performance of the cards, or by providing specialised WLAN cards for such 

purposes. 

MTNM: The MTNM is a prototype of what could be implemented in future multimode terminals (phones 

or PDAs). It handles user preferences and interactions as well as control access technologies, including 

handover management. It is also used to synchronise other functionalities on the terminal. 

The user interface part, the NCP, provides a set of information elements and interactions that should be 

implemented in a “ready to market” device. It becomes possible for the user to register on the Network 

and to define preferences in terms of Access Technology to use and handover management strategy. It 

also provides feedback on the networking conditions (signal levels for instance) and on the ability to 

trigger a handover manually if the user wants to choose the network to use. 

The MTNM itself is a prototype of the kind of middleware that could be embedded in a commercial 

terminal. It controls the network drivers for each access technology, implements a handover algorithm to 

take decisions on when to perform the handover (based on access technology conditions, but also on user 



preferences, and Quality of Service feedbacks). It interacts with all other entities on the mobile terminal 

(AAA registration software, paging software, in the case of Moby Dick) to synchronize all of them. 

4.5 Major Project Result: A4C Architecture 

Metering to Accounting Adaptation: USTUTT developed an interface which enables an inter-working 

between the enhanced, IPv6-capable RTFM-based meter to the Diameter Attendant for the final charging 

purpose. This includes a metering session concept, which has been implemented based on the used meter. 

Finally, extensive tests have been undertaken proving the overall concept for the message flow from the 

Meter to the charging database. 

Charging: The charging process as developed by ETH calculates the price for a given service 

consumption based on accounting data and the SLA with all key tariff definitions. Within Moby Dick, 

charging supports the post paid business case and it is session-based. Within each session a user can 

employ services with different QoS and DSCPs and is able to roam in various domains. The tariff can be 

based on QoS, volume, session duration, and the domain where the service was consumed. The charging 

component features a convenient web interface – one for the operators and one for each customer. Users 

are able to login and view their accumulated charges after the provider has performed the charging 

process for a pre-defined period, such as a day, a month, or a week. The charges are presented in an 

aggregated and session-based manner, where all other details are hidden. Upon request, customers can 

view all accounted for charging details of each session, e.g., the consumed volume or the delivered QoS. 

The web interface for operators offers a login for several administration services, which customers cannot 

access. These include amongst others the start of the charging process for customers and sessions as well 

as the view of detailed customer information and their tariff definitions. Further research on prepaid and 

content-based charging will be addressed in the Daidalos project. 

Auditing: Within Moby Dick the concept of SLA (Service Level Agreement) Compliance Auditing has 

been developed by ETH. This concept goes beyond the proposed extension of the AAAC’s server tasks of 

simply logging capabilities. It allows a provider to determine whether the agreed service level guarantees 

are being held or violated. This approach and task will have a positive impact in the future of managing 

SLAs among providers as well as between providers and customers. The service level guarantees of 

interest, which have been defined and implemented within Moby Dick, include “Entity Availability 

Guarantee”, “Guarantee of Successful Registration”, and “Service Request”. In order to transfer the audit 

trails generated by different and remote loggers to a centralized auditing instance, mainly a provider’s or a 

third party’s location, a logging framework has been implemented by ETH. Further research on SLA 

Compliance Auditing will be further carried out by ETH and partners within the Daidalos Project. 

Profile Decoupling of an User from the Device: Moby Dick followed the key concept of user mobility. 

This means in contrary to the widely deployed terminal mobility a user and the users privileges and 

rights, which are generally reflected in a contract between user and operator, are not directly bound to a 

device or a SIM card inside a device as known in the 2G area. In Moby Dick any user can use any device 

and via a centralised profile management each user gets his individual access rights. This rights are 

described in the user profile and are communicated to the appropriate policy points which need the 

information for the service provisioning. Such a Profile concept has been designed and implemented. 

The AAA/Diameter framework of Moby Dick then transfers required elements of this profile to the 

appropriate network nodes. This implies the exchange of information also between administrative 

domains. Conceptually the user rights could change from administrative domain to administrative 

domain, however the current implementation does assume that the profile description is valid for all 

administrative domains involved. 

DIAMETER Open Source Implementation: The upcoming standard DIAMETER has been used for the 

support of AAAC functionality in this project. The use of DIAMETER in the project consolidates 

DIAMETER's position as the candidate for a future standard. Further, DIAMETER application for 

Mobile IPv6 was developed. This will be used as basis for further contributions to IETF drafts and RFC. 

A fully functional DAIMETER based AAA infrastructure was designed and implemented in this project. 

The following parts of the DIAMETER implementation will be released as open source: 

• Server functionality including accounting 

• Diameter base protocol 

• Diameter application for MIPv6 

Integration of WP4 and WP: The details of this integration were fixed. The MAQ (Mobile AAA QoS) 

model was respected and definitely defined. User and network level management was split between WP4 

(user level) and WP2 (network level) and the interactions between them refined. The NVUP part of the 

user profile and the exact profile transfer to the various identities, including QoSB and MN (for the 

purposes of MN DiffServ marking software adaptation to user profile) was fixed. Also the NetServices 

transfer from AAAAC.f to QoSB.f was implemented 



Integration of WP4 and WP3: The AAAAC context transfer when a FHO takes place was defined and 

implemented, along with the stopping of the diameter session in the oAR and the starting of a new 

diameter session in the nAR. 

Standards: The upcoming standard DIAMETER has been used for the support of AAAC functionality in 

this project. The use of DIAMETER in the project consolidates DIAMETER's position as the candidate 

for a future standard. 

4.6 Major Project Result: IP-Paging Architecture 

Within the framework of the IST Moby Dick project, a concept for IP-based paging support has been 

specified, implemented and tested. Based on some functional and non-functional requirements, the paging 

architecture components as well as protocol messages and parameters have been specified in 

consideration of the design goals. As a result, an IP paging concept has been specified, which integrates 

modularly with the Mobile-IPv6 platform without being dependent on it. The concept's framework has 

been discussed within the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet Research Task Force 

(IRTF). 

Based on the architecture and protocol concept, protocol message parameters have been specified to allow 

the integration and operation with the Moby Dick platform and associated access technologies 

(IEEE802.3, IEEE802.11 and TD-CDMA). 

A prototype of the paging components has been implemented, which is based on a dedicated Paging 

Agent node, paging attendant modules, which are to be integrated with individual Access Routers, and a 

paging module for the mobile terminal, which interfaces efficiently to the MTNM-module to synchronise 

with other functions (e.g. registration) and to retrieve access related information. 

Since one of the design goals was to integrate the paging architecture modularly without the need to 

change existing architecture and protocol components, but to make use of existing functions for the 

integration, the specification included the use of the Mobile-IPv6 protocol's alternate care-of-address 

(alt-CoA) registration. This registration support is part of the Mobile-IPv6 protocol specification, but was 

not available in the protocol implementation used in the Moby Dick project (implementation of Helsinki 

University of Technology). Hence, some parts of the Open Source Mobile-IPv6 implementation have 

been extended to implement the alt-CoA registration support. 

One function of the concept's paging attendants is to allow mapping of the technology independent 

paging protocol, which is used between the Paging Agent node and individual paging attendants, to 

technology specific paging on the access links served by individual Access Routers. Since the focus of 

paging related activities in Moby Dick was on the design of the framework and the common core protocol 

and less on technology specific paging functions and optimisation, support for integration of the Moby 

Dick access technologies has been specified for support on IP layer. Mapping to optimised technology 

specific dormant mode and paging support on access technologies' link-layer is allowed by the concept 

but is future work. However, efficient mapping and addressing on IP layer has been specified and 

implemented for IEEE802.3, IEEE802.11 and TD-CDMA. Since TD-CDMA support is integrated with a 

Radio Gateway, which is physically separated from the respective IP-subnet's associated Access Router, 

operation between the paging attendant and the Radio Gateway has been specified in a generic way 

without introducing proprietary protocol messages for control and management purposes. This allows 

smooth migration to a collocated architecture in the future, which has the Access Router and the TD- 

CDMA Radio Gateway functions integrated in one physical node representing a TD-CDMA Access 

Router. 



Illustration of how the paging concept integrates with the Mobile-IPv6 platform: 

1. Initial user-data packet(s) 

2. Forwarding to the explicitely registered DMA 

function. 

3. Buffering of user-data packet(s) and polling 

the paging attendants 

4. On-link paging 

5. Re-establishment of interface activity and 

routing information. 

Figure 4: Illustration of the IP paging architecture integrated with a Mobile IPv6 environment. 

Paging modules: The implementation of all paging components comes with one software package. Redefinition 

of some default settings in dedicated source files allows control on which functionality the 

compiled modules should implement. This allows compilation of a Paging Agent module, a paging 

attendant module or the mobile terminal's paging module. All functional modules have been implemented 

as kernel-modules. To allow flexible configuration of the paging related settings on individual nodes, a 

user-space configuration and start-up framework has been implemented, which allows convenient setting 

of configuration parameters in a configuration file and to run a configuration script, writing the 

configuration data to the dynamically loaded paging kernel-module through a dedicated device-driver 

interface. 

Alternate care-of-address registration support for the Mobile-IPv6 implementation: Following the 

Mobile-IPv6 protocol specification, the alternate CoA registration support has been implemented as an 

extension to the Open Source Mobile-IPv6 implementation of Helsinki University of Technology. This 

had to be done because this protocol function is specified for being used for the efficient integration of the 

paging concept into the Mobile-IPv6 platform, but is not yet available in official releases of the Mobile- 

IPv6 Open Source code. The extension for alt-CoA registration support has been made available as a 

patch to the officially available Mobile-IPv6 release used in Moby Dick. 

Integration and testing: The paging support is being integrated with the Moby Dick platform. Tests have 

been performed with regard to a mobile terminal entering dormant mode, moving inside the registered 

paging area and being paged to re-establish routing states in the network infrastructure to allow routing of 

data packets to the current location of the reactivated mobile terminal. Tests and enhancing the 

functionality with regard to the support of multiple paging areas, which allows a dormant mobile terminal 

to scan for current paging area information and to update the registration with its Paging Agent in case of 

entering a new paging area while keeping the dormant state, is ongoing and continued in future work. 

Input to standards organisations: The initial concept and framework for a paging architecture has been 

proposed to the IETF's Seamoby Working Group, which resulted in the group's decision to take the 

proposed architecture as base-line for activities in standardizing an IP paging protocol. Since some related 

work items and open issues for the specification of an IP-based paging architecture and protocol have 

been indicated to be solved first in the research area before being standardized, the work has been shifted 

to the Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) Micro-Mobility Routing Research Group. Here, we'll 

continue work by means of driving the activities to get remaining technical issues resolved and providing 

current and future research results as input. 



5. Dissemination of results 

5.1 Publications 

"The Moby Dick Project: A Mobile Heterogeneous ALL-IP Architecture" 

Hans Einsiedler (T-Nova Berkom), Rui Aguiar (Instituto de Telecomunicacoes,University of Aveiro), 

Jüergen Jähnert (University of Stuttgart), Karl Jonas (GMD Research Centre for Information 

Technologies), Marco Liebsch (NEC Network Laboratories Europe), Ralf Schmitz (NEC Network 

Laboratories Europe), Piotr Pacyna (AGH University of Technology), Janusz Gozdecki (AGH University 

of Technology), Zdzislaw Papir (AGH University of Technology), Jose Ignacio Moreno (Universidad 

Carlos III de Madrid), Ignacio Soto (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) 

Advanced Technologies, Applications and Market Strategies for 3G ATAMS 2001, Kraków, Poland, 

June 17-20, 2001, ISBN 83-88309-20-X, pp. 164-171. 

"Authentication, Authorization, Accounting and Charging for the Mobile Internet" 

Hasan (Computer Engineering and Network Laboratory TIK,Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH 

Zürich), Jürgen Jähnert (University of Stuttgart), Sebastian Zander (GMD Fokus), Burkhard Stiller 

(Computer Engineering and Network Laboratory TIK,Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich) 

IST Mobile Communications Summit 2001, Barcelona, Spain, September 9-12, 2001, pp. 923-928. 

"Mobility Support for a Future Communication Architecture" 

Hans Einsiedler (T-Nova Berkom), Karl Jonas (GMD Research Centre for Information Technologies), 

Jürgen Jähnert (University of Stuttgart), Ralf Schmitz (NEC Network Laboratories Europe), Marco 

Liebsch (NEC Network Laboratories Europe) 

IST Mobile Communications Summit 2001, Barcelona, Spain, September 9-12, 2001, pp. xx-xx. 

"Enabling IP QoS in Mobile Environments" 

Victor Marques (PT Invocao), Rui Aguiar (Instituto de Telecomunicacoes,University of Aveiro), 

Francisco Fontes (PT Invocao), Juergen Jaehnert (University of Stuttgart), Hans Einsiedler (T-Nova 

Berkom) 

IST Mobile Communications Summit 2001, Barcelona, Spain, September 9-12, 2001, pp. 300-305. 

Slides 

"An Heterogeneous Mobile IP QoS-aware Network" 

Victor Marques (PT Invocao), Rui Aguiar (Instituto de Telecomunicacoes,University of Aveiro), Jürgen 

Jähnert (University of Stuttgart), Karl Jonas (GMD Research Centre for Information Technologies), 

Marco Liebsch (NEC Network Laboratories Europe), Hans Einsiedler (T-Nova Berkom), Francisco 

Fontes (PT Invocao) 

Quarta Conferencia sobre Redes de Computadores - CRC'01, Covilha, Portugal, November 29-30, 2001. 

Slides 

"The Design of an Extended AAAC Architecture" 


Zürich), Davinder Singh, Sebastian Zander (GMD Fokus), Moritz Kulbach (T-Nova Berkom), Jürgen 

Jähnert (University of Stuttgart), Burkhard Stiller (Computer Engineering and Network Laboratory 

TIK,Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich) 

IST Mobile & Wireless Telecommunications Summit 2002, Thessaloniki, Greece, June 17-19, 2002, pp. 

36-40. 

"A MIPv6, FMIPv6 and HMIPv6 handover latency study: analytical approach" 

Hannes Hartenstein (NEC Network Laboratories Europe), Marco Liebsch (NEC Network Laboratories 

Europe), Xavier Péréz Costa (NEC Network Laboratories Europe), Ralf Schmitz (NEC Network 

Laboratories Europe) 


100-105. 

"An architecture supporting end-to-end QoS with user mobility for systems beyond 3rd 

generation" 



Victor Marques (PT Invocao), Rui Aguiar (Instituto de Telecomunicacoes,University of Aveiro), Piotr 

Pacyna (AGH Technical University), Janusz Gozdecki (AGH Technical University), Christophe Beaujean 

(Motorola Networking and Applications Lab), Nesrine Chaher (Motorola Networking and Applications 

Lab), Carlos García (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), José Ignacio Moreno (Universidad Carlos III de 

Madrid), Hans Einsiedler (T-Nova Berkom) 


858-862. 

"Diffserv como solución a la provisión de QoS en Internet" 

Jorge Escribano (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Carlos García (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) , 

José Ignacio Moreno (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Celia Sedas (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) 

II Congreso Iberoamericano de Telemática CITA'2002, Mérida, Venezuela, 11-13 September 2002, ISBN 

980-237-217-X 

"Solutions for IPv6-based mobility in the EU project Moby Dick" 

Marco Liebsch (NEC Network Laboratories Europe), Xavier Pérez Costa (NEC Network Laboratories 

Europe), Ralf Schmitz (NEC Network Laboratories Europe), Amardeo Sarma (NEC Network 

Laboratories Europe), Jürgen Jähnert (University of Stuttgart), Serge Tessier (T-Nova Berkom), Michelle 

Wetterwald (EURECOM), Ignacio Soto (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) 

World Teletraffic Congress, Paris, France, September 26th, 2002. 

"Avoiding DAD for Improving Real-Time Communication in MIPv6 Environments" 

Marcelo Bagnulo (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Ignacio Soto (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), 

Alberto García-Martinez (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Arturo Azcorra (Universidad Carlos III de 

Madrid) 

Joint International Workshop on Interactive Distributed Multimedia Systems/Protocols for Multimedia 

Systems IDMS-PROMS 2002, Coimbra, Portugal, November 26-29, 2002. 

"Los pilares de las redes 4G: QoS, AAA y Movilidad" 

Antonio Cuevas Casado (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Carlos García (Universidad Carlos III de 

Madrid), José Ignacio Moreno (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Ignacio Soto (Universidad Carlos III 

de Madrid) 

TelecomI+D 2002, Madrid, Spain, November 19th, 2002. 

"Armonización de direcciones en entornos de VoIP mediante ENUM" 

M. Carmen Bartolomé (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Raquel Panadero (Universidad Carlos III de 

Madrid), José Ignacio Moreno (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), David Fernández (Universidad 

Politécnica de Madrid) 

Jornadas Telecom I+D 2002, Madrid, Spain, November 19-21, 2002. 

"Delay Bounds for a Network of Guaranteed Rate Servers with FIFO Aggregation" 

Yuming Jiang (Institute for Communications Research) 

Computer Networks, Elsevier Science, Vol. 40, No. 6, pp. 683-694, 2002. 

"Impact of FIFO Aggregation on Delay Performance of a Differentiated Services Network" 

Yuming Jiang (Institute for Communications Research), Qi Yao (Institute for Communications Research) 

The International Conference on Information Networking ICOIN 2003, Jeju Island, Korea, February 12- 

14, 2003. 

"A Simple QoS service provision framework for beyond 3rd generation scenarios" 

Victor Marques (Portugal Telecom Inovacao), Rui L. Aguiar (University of Aveiro/Instituto de 

Telecomunicacoes) , Antonio Cuevas Casado (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid),José Ignacio Moreno 

(Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Nesrine Chaher (Motorola Labs) 

10th International Conference on Telecommunications ICT'2003, Papeete, French Polynesia, February 

23-28, 2003. 

"An IP QoS architecture for 4G networks" 

Janusz Gozdecki (AGH University of Technology), Piotr Pacyna (AGH University of Technology), 

Victor Marques (Portugal Telecom Inovaçao), Rui L. Aguiar (Instituto de 

Telecomunicacoes/Universidade de Aveiro), Carlos Garcia (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Jose 



Ignacio Moreno (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Christophe Beaujean (Motorola Labs), Eric Melin 

(Motorola Labs), Marco Liebsch (NEC Laboratories) 

Architectures for Quality of Service in the Internet Art-QoS 2003 and Final Aquila IST seminar, Warsaw, 

Poland, March 24-25, 2003, pp. 9-20. 

Proceedings also in: W.Burakowski, B.Koch and A.Beben (eds.): Architectures for Quality of Service in 

the Internet, Springer-Verlag, LNCS Series, volume No 2698, 2003 

"QoS Provisioning for VoIP Traffic by Deploying Admission Control" 

Hung Tuan Tran (Telecommunications Research Center, FTW), Thomas Ziegler (Telecommunications 

Research Center, FTW), Fabio Ricciato (University of Rome "La Sapienza") 

Architectures for Quality of Service in the Internet Art-QoS 2003 and Final Aquila IST seminar, Warsaw, 

Poland, March 24-25, 2003. 

"Simulation Study of IEEE 802.11e EDCF" 

He Dajiang (Institute for Communications Research), Charles Shen (Institute for Communications 

Research) 

The 57th Semiannual Vehicular Technology Conference VTC 2003-Spring, Jeju, Korea, April 22-25, 

2003. 

"Design and Evaluation of a Handover Decision Strategy for 4th Generation Mobile Networks" 

Wenhui Zhang (University of Stuttgart), Juergen Jaehnert (University of Stuttgart), Klaus Dolzer 

(University of Stuttgart) 

The 57th Semiannual Vehicular Technology Conference VTC 2003-Spring, Jeju, Korea, April 22-25, 

2003. 

Slides 

"Quality of Service in IP networks" 

Janusz Gozdecki (AGH University of Science and Technology), Rafal Stankiewicz (AGH University of 

Science and Technology) 

Workshop on Multimedia Communications and Services MCS'03, Kielce, Poland, 23-25 April, 2003. 

"A Performance study of Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 from a System Perspective" 

Xavier Pérez Costa (NEC), Marc Torrent-Moreno (NEC) 

International Conference on Communications, ICC 2003, Anchorage, AK, USA, 11-15 May, 2003. 

"Implementation and Evaluation of an End-to-End IP QoS Architecture for Networks Beyond 3rd 

Generation" 

Christophe Beaujean (Motorola Labs), Nesrine Chaher (Motorola Labs), Victor Marques (Portugal 

Telecom) , Rui L. Aguiar (Instituto de Telecomunicacoes/Universidade de Aveiro), Carlos García 

(Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), José Ignacio Moreno (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Michelle 

Wetterwald (Eurecom), Thomas Ziegler (Telecommunications Research Center, FTW) 

IST Mobile and Wireless Communications Summit, Aveiro, Portugal, 15-18 June, 2003. 

"Auditing Architecture for SLA Violation Detection in QoS-Supporting Mobile Internet" 


Zürich), Burkhard Stiller (Computer Engineering and Network Laboratory TIK, Swiss Federal Institute of 

Technology ETH Zürich and Information Systems Laboratory IIS, University of the Federal Armed 

Forces Munich) 

IST Mobile and Wireless Communications Summit, Aveiro, Portugal, 15-18 June, 2003 Vol. 1, pp. 241- 

245. 

"Modeling of WLAN Beacon Signal Strength Measured in an Indoor Environment" 

Wenhui Zhang (University of Stuttgart) 

The 2003 International Conference on Wireless Networks ICWN'03, June 23th - 26th, 2003, Las Vegas, 

Nevada, USA. 

"An Analytical RED Function Design Guaranteeing Stable System Behaviour" - pre-final version 

Erich Plasser (Telecommunications Research Center, FTW), Thomas Ziegler 

The Eighth Symposium on Computers and Communications ISCC 2003, Kemer-Antalya, Turkey, June 

30 - July 3, 2003. 



"Engineering Solution of a CAC Mechanism for Voice Traffic over IP Networks" 

H.T. Tran (FTW), T. Ziegler (FTW) 

6th IEEE International Conference on High Speed Networks and Multimedia Communications, 

HSNMC'03, Estoril, Portugal, July 23-25, 2003. 

"Explicit Loss Notification to improve TCP Performance over Wireless Networks" 

G. Buchholcz (FTW), A. Gricser (FTW), T. Ziegler (FTW), Tien V. Do (FTW) 

6th IEEE International Conference on High Speed Networks and Multimedia Communications, 

HSNMC'03, Estoril, Portugal, July 23-25, 2003. 

"Mechanisms for AAA and QoS Interaction" 

Antonio Cuevas (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), José Ignacio Moreno (Universidad Carlos III de 

Madrid), Rui Aguiar (University of Aveiro), Victor Marques (Portugal Telecom), Carlos García 

(Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Ignacio Soto (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) 

3rd Workshop on Application and Services in Wireless Networks, Bern, Switzerland, July 2003, ISBN: 3- 

9522719-0-X. 

"Providing Throughput Guarantees in IEEE 802.11e Wireless LANs" 

Xavier Pérez-Costa (NEC Network Laboratories Europe) 

18th International Teletraffic Congress ITC, Berlin, Germany, August 31 - September 5, 2003. 

"Cost-efficient Metering and Accounting in 4G Networks" 

Juergen Jaehnert (University of Stuttgart) 

ITC 2003, Berlin, 31st August - 5th September 2003. 

"A Simulation Study on the Performance of Mobile IPv6" 

Xavier Pérez-Costa (NEC Network Laboratories Europe), M. Torrent-Moreno, Hannes Hartenstein (NEC 

Network Laboratories Europe) 

18th International Teletraffic Congress ITC, Berlin, Germany, August 31 - September 5, 2003. 

"QoS en Redes Móviles de Cuarta Generación" 

Carlos García (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Pedro Antonio Vico (Universidad Carlos III de 

Madrid), Antonio Cuevas (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Ignacio Soto (Universidad Carlos III de 

Madrid), Jose Ignacio Moreno (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) 

IV Jornadas de Ingenieria Telemática JITEL 2003, ISBN: 84-96131-38-6, Gran Canaria, 15-17 

September 2003. 

"Problem Statement: Metering and Accounting in the full-IP 4G environment" 

Juergen Jaehnert (University of Stuttgart) 

Third International Workshop on Internet Charging and QoS Technology ICQT 2003, Munich, 

September 16-19, 2003. 

"MobyDick FlowVis Using NeTraMet for distributed protocol analysis in a 4G network 

environment" 

Nevil Brownlee (University of Stuttgart), Paul Christ (University of Stuttgart), Juergen Jaehnert 

(University of Stuttgart), Yongzhen Liang (University of Stuttgart), Krishna Srinivasan (University of 

Stuttgart), Jie Zhou (University of Stuttgart) 

2003 IEEE Workshop on IP Operations and Management (IPOM 2003), Kansas City, Missouri, USA, 

October 1-3 2003. 

"Open Source Experimental B3G Networks Based on Software-Radio Technology" 

C. Bonnett (Institute Eurecom), H. Callewaert (Institute Eurecom), L. Gauthier (Institute Eurecom), R. 

Knopp (Institute Eurecom), A. Menouni (Institute Eurecom), Y. Moret (Institute Eurecom), Y. Moret 

(Institute Eurecom), D. Nussbaum (Institute Eurecom), I. Racunica (Institute Eurecom), M. Wetterwald 

(Institute Eurecom) 

Software Digital Radio SDR'03 conference, November 19-23, 2003, Orlando, USA 

Slides 



"A Performance Study of Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6" 

Marc Torrent-Moreno (NEC), Xavier Pérez Costa (NEC), Sebastian Sallent-Ribes (NEC) 

to appear in LCN, 2003. 

"Second-chance Auctions for Multimedia Session Pricing" 

Peter Reichl (FTW), S. Bessler (FTW), Burkhard Stiller (Computer Engineering and Network Laboratory 

TIK, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich and Information Systems Laboratory IIS, 

University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich) 

International Workshop on Multimedia Interactive Protocols and Systems MIPS 2003, Naples, Italy, 18- 

21 November 2003. 

"Moby Dick - Mobility And differentiated Services In A Future IP Network" 

Hans J. Einsiedler (T-Systems), supported by P. Pacyna (AGH) and Jüergen Jähnert (University of 

Stuttgart) 

Book: who is who in mobile solutions 1.0, page 92-93, whois verlags- & vertriebsgesellschaft, ISBN 3- 

934013-30-9 

"A generic IP Paging Architecture and Protocol" 

Marco Liebsch (NEC Network Labs Europe), Bernd Lamparter (NEC Network Labs Europe) 

Accepted for publication at European Wireless Conference 2004, Barcelona, February 24 - 27, 2004. 

"Interworking Security in Heterogeneous Wireless IP Networks" 


Accepted for publication at 3rd International Conference on Networking (ICN'04), February 29 - March 

4, 2004, Guadeloupe, French Caribbean. 

"Handover Decision Using Fuzzy MADM in Heterogeneous Networks" 


Accepted for publication at IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference 2004 (WCNC 

2004), 21-25 March 2004, Atlanta, USA. 

5.2 Presentations 

"Mobility and Differentiated Services in a Future IP Network" 

Hans Einsiedler (T-Nova Berkom) 

Presentation at Key Action Line IV Concertation meeting, Brussels, Belgium, March 13-14, 2001. 

"How does the Internet Will Survive the Mobility Shock" 

Paul Christ (University of Stuttgart), Jürgen Jähnert (University of Stuttgart) 

Presentation at MAIN workshop, T-Nova, Berlin, Germany, April 26th, 2001. 

"Authentication, Authorization, Accounting, and Charging for an IPv6-enabled Internet" 

Burkhard Stiller (Computer Engineering and Network Laboratory TIK,Swiss Federal Institute of 

Technology ETH Zürich) 

Presentation at "Deploying IPv6 Networks" event, Paris, France, November 22-23, 2001. 

"The WCDMA platform" 

Institut EURECOM and Deutsche Telekom 

Demonstration at IST Mobile Communications Summit 2001, Düsseldorf, Germany, December 3-5, 

2001. 

"Mobility and Differentiated Services in a Future IP Network" 


Demonstration at WINEGLASS workshop, Turin, Italy, January 24-25, 2002. 

"The Moby Dick project" 

Hong-Yon Lach (Motorola Networking and Applications Lab) 

Presentation at IPv6 cluster meeting, Madrid, Spain, March 12th, 2002. 

"DMHA Design Issues & Framework Discussion" 

Marco Liebsch (NEC Network Laboratories Europe) 



Presentation in IETF Seamoby WG, March xx, 2002. URL: 

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/02mar/slides/seamoby-1/index.html 


Hong-Yon Lach (Motorola Networking and Applications Lab) 

Presentation and chairing the System beyond 3G cluster meeting, Brussels, Belgium, April 10th, 2002. 

"The WCDMA platform" 

Institut EURECOM and Deutsche Telekom 

Presentation during FIFA drawing event, Frankfurt, Germany, April 15th, 2002. 

"Mobile Access to Internet Services - Architecture and Protocols" 

Burkhard Stiller (Computer Engineering and Network Laboratory TIK,Swiss Federal Institute of 

Technology ETH Zürich) 

Presentation in FTW and in Technical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, May 2nd, 2002 


Christian Bonnet (EURECOM) 

Presentation at Telecom Paris, Paris, France, May xx, 2002. 

"IP mobility applied to UMTS " 

Yan Moret (EURECOM) 

Presentation at Workshop on IP Mobility, France Telecom R&D, Rennes, France, June 6th, 2002. 

"New Architecture for 3G (and beyond) Systems" 


Presentation at Philips-Ceram Workshop, Sophia-Antipolis, France, June xx, 2002. 

"New Architecture for 3G (and beyond) Systems" 


Presentation at Lucent Workshop, Sophia-Antipolis, France, June 2002. 

"The Design of an Extended AAAC Architecture" 

Hans Einsiedler 

IST Mobile & Wireless Telecommunications Summit 2002, Thessaloniki, Greece, June 17-19, 2002. 

"A MIPv6, FMIPv6 and HMIPv6 handover latency study: analytical approach" 

Xavier Perez Costa 


"An architecture supporting end-to-end QoS with user mobility for systems beyond 3rd 

generation" 

Victor Marques 


Raymond Knopp (EURECOM) 

Presented Moby Dick at The Second European Colloquium on Reconfigurable Radio, Athens, Greece, 

June 20-22, 2002. 

"IP Paging & RRG Related Issues" 


Presentation in IRTF Routing Research Group, IETF #54, Japan, July xx, 2002. 

"The IST Moby Dick project - Overview and RRG related work" 


Presentation in IRTF Routing Research Group, IETF #54, Japan, July 15, 2002. 

"Moby Dick's IETF Activities IP-Paging and Random Generation of Address Identifiers" 


Presentation at Systems beyond 3G Cluster meeting, Brussels, Belgium, September 11, 2002. 



"Solutions for IPv6-based mobility in the EU project Moby Dick" 

Amardeo Sarma (NEC) 

presentation at "the 18th World Telecommunications Congress - WTC 2002" event, Paris, France, 26 

September 2002. 

"Premium IP: On the Road to Ambient Networking" 

Rui Aguiar (Instituto de Telecomunicacoes,University of Aveiro) 

Presentation at a panel discussion during the QofIS'02/ICQT'02 , the "Quality of future Internet Services" 

and "Internet Charging and QoS Technologies" conference, Zurich, Switzersland, October 17th, 2002. 

"Mobility-enabled QoS for IPv6-based Beyond-3G networking" 

Christophe Beaujean (Motorola) 

Presentation during 6th Hitachi-Eurecom-Motorola Symposium, Nice, 28th November 2002. 

"Lehrstuhl für Netzwerktechnologien und multimediale Teledienste" 

Hans Joahim Einsiedler (T-Systems) 

Presentation and a lecture, University of Potsdam/Germany, 28th May 2003. 

"PLATON: PLATe-forme pour les Nouvelles générations de communications mobiles" 

Christian Bonnet (Institut Eurécom) 

Presentation. Institut Eurécom, Sophia-Antipolis, 2nd July, 2003, France 

"PLATON: PLATe-forme pour les Nouvelles generations de communications mobiles" 

Michelle Wetterwald (Institut Eurécom) 

2nd July, 2003, Eurécom, Sophia-Antipolis, France. 

"IST Mobile Summit" 

Victor Marques, Rui L. Aguiar, (Portugal Telekom / University of Aveiro) 

Project presentation and demonstration during IST Mobile & Wireless Telecommunications Summit, 

Aveiro, Portugal, 15-18 June, 2003. 

"Moby Dick Summit in Stuttgart" 

Hans Joachim Einsiedler (T-Systems, Deutsche Telekom) 

Project presentation during Moby Dick 2nd International Project Summit, 16.05.2003. 

"Moby Dick" 

Jürgen Jähnert (University of Stuttgart) 

Presentation during Moby Dick 3rd International Project Summit, 6.11.2003. 

"Moby Dick: Mobility and Differentiated Services in a Future IP Network" 

Hans Joachim Einsiedler (T-Systems, Deutsche Telekom) 

Presentation during The Third International IST Workshop on Terrestrial Wireless Systems and Networks 

December 16-17, 2003, Singapore. 

"Wireless 3G For Free: A UMTS Software Radio Platform" 

Michelle Wetterwald (Institut Eurécom) 

Presentation during The Third International IST Workshop on Terrestrial Wireless Systems and Networks 

December 16-17, 2003, Singapore. 

5.3 Journals 

"Signalling in Voice over IP Networks" 

José Ignacio Moreno (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Ignacio Soto Campos (Universidad Carlos III 

de Madrid), David Larrabeiti (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) 

Informatik/Informatique, Magazine of the Swiss Informatics Society, Vol. 3, 2001, ISSN 1420-6579, pp. 

xx-xx, NOVATICA, No. 151, May/June 2001, ISSN: 0211-2124, pp. xx-xx, 

The European Online Magazine for the Information Technologies Professional Council of European 

Professional Informatics Societies, June 2001, http://www.upgrade-cepis.org 



"An All-IP software radio architecture under RT-Linux" 

Christian Bonnet (EURECOM), Lionel Gauthier (EURECOM), Pierre Humblet (EURECOM), Raymond 

Knopp (EURECOM), Aawatif Menouni-Hayar (EURECOM), Yan Moret (EURECOM), Alessandro 

Nordio (EURECOM), Dominique Nussbaum (EURECOM), Michelle Wetterwald (EURECOM) 

Annales des Telecommunications, Vol. 57, N°7-8, July-August 2002. 

"A Simulation Study on the Performance of Mobile IPv6 in a WLAN-Based Cellular Network" 

Xavier Péréz Costa (NEC Network Laboratories Europe), Hannes Hartenstein (NEC Network 

Laboratories Europe) 

Computer Networks Special Issue on The New Internet Architecture, August 2002, pp. 191-204. 

"Towards a new Internet Architecture" 

Augusto Casca (INESC), A. Sarma (NEC Network Laboratories Europe) 

Editorial, Computer Networks Special Issue on The New Internet Architecture, August 2002, pp. 1-4. 

"An IP-based QoS architecture for 4G operator scenarios" 

Victor Marques (Portugal Telecom Inovacao), Rui L. Aguiar (University of Aveiro/Instituto de 

Telecomunicacoes), Carlos Garcia (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Jose Ignacio Moreno (Universidad 

Carlos III de Madrid), Christophe Beaujean (Motorola Labs Paris), Eric Melin (Motorola Labs Paris), 

Marco Liebsh (NEC Network Laboratories Europe) 

Special Issue of IEEE Wireless Communications magazine, xxx 2003, pp. xx-xx. 

5.4 Technical Reports 

"A Survey on AAA Mechanisms, Protocols, and Architectures and a Policy-based Approach 

beyond: A power x" 

Christoph Rensing (Computer Engineering and Network Laboratory TIK,Swiss Federal Institute of 

Technology ETH Zürich), Hasan (Computer Engineering and Network Laboratory TIK,Swiss Federal 

Institute of Technology ETH Zürich), Martin Karsten (Computer Engineering and Network Laboratory 

TIK,Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich), Burkhard Stiller (Computer Engineering and 

Network Laboratory TIK,Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich) 

TIK Report Nr. 111, ETH, Zürich, Switzerland, May 2001. 

"Authentication, Authorization, Accounting, and Charging for the Mobile Internet" 


Zürich), Jürgen Jähnert (University of Stuttgart), Sebastian Zander(GMD Fokus), Burkhard Stiller 

(Computer Engineering and Network Laboratory TIK,Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich) 

TIK Report Nr. 114, ETH, Zürich, Switzerland, June 2001. 

"IPv6 activities of the "Systems beyond 3G" cluster." 

Hong Yon LACH, IST Systems beyond 3G cluster, July 2002. 

5.5 Standardisation 

"Paging Concept for IP based Networks" 

Marco Liebsch (NEC Network Laboratories Europe), Gerrit Renker (NEC Network Laboratories Europe), 

Ralf Schmitz (NEC Network Laboratories Europe) 

Internet draft, draft-renker-paging-ipv6-01.txt, September 2001. 

"Random generation of interface identifiers" 

Marcelo Bagnulo (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Ignacio Soto (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), 

Alberto García-Martínez (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Arturo Azcorra (Universidad Carlos III de 

Madrid) 

Internet draft, draft-soto-mobileip-random-iids-00.txt, January 2002. 

"Cell-Search List Indications for Seamless Anticipative, Resource-Mindful Handovers" 

R. Jayaraj (ICR, NUS) 

Internet draft, May 2002. 

"Architecture and Protocol framework for Dormant Mode Host Alerting" 

Marco Liebsch (NEC Network Laboratories Europe), Yoshihiro Ohba, Tao Zhang editors 

Internet draft, draft-liebsch-dmha-framework-00.txt, September 2002. 



"Policy-Based Accounting" 

T. Zseby (Fraunhofer FOKUS), Sebastian Zander (Fraunhofer FOKUS), Georg Carle (Fraunhofer 

FOKUS) 

Internet RFC, October 2002. 

"Context Transfer and Fast Mobile IPv6 Interactions in a Layer-2 Source-Triggered Anticipative 

Handover" 

R.J.Jayabal (Institute for Infocomm Research I2R, A-STAR) 

Internet draft, March 2003. 

"Candidate Access Router Discovery" 

M. Liebsch (NEC), A. Singh (Motorola) - editors, H. Chaskar (Nokia), D. Funato (NTT DoCoMo USA), 

E. Shim (NEC) 

Internet draft, September 2003. 

5.6 Thesis 

"Simulative Performance Optimization of TCP over UMTS" 

Marcel Lötscher Masters Thesis at ETH Zurich, March 2003. 

5.7 Press, Interviews, Broadcast, and Interviews 

• TV interview by the project manager for the "Westdeutscher Rundfunk/Computer Club" and its 

broadcast,15th December 2001. Video stream. 

• Article in a Stuttart University newspaper, Pressmitteilung 26/2003, 9th May 2003. 

• Article in idw-online , 12th May 2003. 

• Article in Yahoo Germany News, 13th May 2003. 

• Moby Dick interview by University of Stuttgart, EURECOM and Deutsche Telekom regarding 

The Second Moby Dick Summit, German radio broadcast by Deutschlandfunk, 17.05.2003 

afternoon. 

• Moby Dick interview by University of Stuttgart regarding The Second Moby Dick Summit", 

German radio broadcast by Bayern 5, 25th May 2003 at 13:30. 

• TV News from Mobile Summit 2003, June 2003. 

• NEC announces a successful demo, November 2003. 

• Internationales Presse Colloquiuum with Moby Dick demonstration, 28-29 January 2003. 



5.8 Moby Dick Summits 

First Moby Dick International Project Summit in Madrid 2002 

The second audit took place together with an summit in Madrid. People from industry and academia in 

the European framework visited the summit. 

Presentations from FP5 project were given with Moby Dick presentations. 

Participants from academia: circa 40 

Participants from industry: circa 20 

Number of Moby Dick presentations including mobility, QoS, AAA, TD-CDMAdemonstration: 

5 

URL: 

http://www.it.uc3m.es/mobydick/ 



Second Moby Dick International Project Summit and Trial Kick-off in Stuttgart 2003 

The trial kick-off event took place together with a summit in Stuttgart. People from industry and 

academia in the European framework visited the summit. 

Presentations from Daimler Chrysler and the University of Stuttgart were given. 

Participants from academia: 35 

Participants from industry: 35 

Number of Moby Dick presentations including integrated Moby Dick and 6WinIT, 

TD-CDMA-demonstration: 3 

URL: http://www-ks.rus.uni-stuttgart.de/Events/030516_MobyDick-Summit/index.html 



Third Moby Dick International Project Summit in Stuttgart 2003 

The final audit took place together with a summit in Stuttgart. People from industry and academia in the 

European framework visited the summit. 

Overview: Presentation in the morning from closing FP5-project such as Moby Dick and in the afternoon 

from new starting Integrated Project were given. 



Number of Moby Dick presentations and the final demonstration of the Moby Dick 

architecture: 1 

URL: http://www-ks.rus.uni-stuttgart.de/Events/031106_MobyDick-Summit/index.html 



International Summit in Singapore 2003 

People from industry and academia in the Asian framework visited the summit. Presentations from Japan, 

South-Korea, and Taiwan were given. 

Overview: Technical presentations from Asia and from the FP5 (6WinIT, MIND, OverDrive) were given. 



Moby Dick presentation including the Stuttgart demonstration movie: 1 

URL: 

http://www.i2r.a-star.edu.sg/mobydick/ 



5.9 Moby Dick Web-Site 

The project set-up from the beginning a Web-page with its own domain identifier (ist-mobydick.org). All 

public activities were updated regularly here – including the public deliverables. 

URL: 

http://www.ist-mobydick.org/ 



6. Conclusion, Self Assessment, and Lessons Learnt 

General: 

Moby Dick had set itself the ambitious goal of pioneering the integration of mobility, QoS, and AAAC in 

the spirit of the Internet within a single framework, thereby integrating heterogeneous wired, wireless, 

and mobile technologies. Within this context Moby Dick considered both, inter-domain and intra-domain 

scenarios. The project further aimed to implement a demonstrator where this integration will be 

experimented with real users. The project has been progressing at an adequate rate, and has been able to 

draw increasingly the attention of the general research community. The increased interactions with IETF 

and IRTF, the proactive role inside IST – within the Systems Beyond 3G cluster. 

The project participated in several conferences within Europe and organised four Moby Dick summits in 

Madrid, Stuttgart and Singapore. Interviews in radio broadcast as well as newspaper articles visualised 

the project results. The partner from Singapore ensured also visibility in the Asian area. 

Technical Achievements: 

With the variety of independent activities in the mobility, QoS, and AAAC areas, as well as the different 

technical requirements of shared medium technologies such as 802.x and Ethernet on the one hand and 

TD-CDMA on the other, initial efforts were directed towards resolving conceptual and technological 

differences. Intense discussions finally resulted in harmonising the “traditional” connection-oriented 

approach of TD-CDMA and the packet-based, connectionless Internet approach. 

The independent activities were bundled in the integration phase to an integrated solution. 

It successfully proved its visibility in Europe by several public presentations, public demonstrations and 

publications. So the project has achieved a high degree of international visibility – also outside Europe. 

The business units of the involved partners have taken a strong interest in the results of the project. 

The project has been able to resolve a number of difficult issues: 

• A common, agreed architecture for the Mobile Terminal and the companion piece, the radio 

gateway, which is directly attached to the access router. 

• Redefinition and agreement on important scenarios, e.g. for registration, seamless hand-over for 

intra domain hand-over and Mobile IPv6 for inter-domain handover because of the delay for 

AAA and QoS messaging. 

• Definition of exemplary QoS classes based on the Differentiated Services approach to 

demonstrate the flexibility of the architecture with respect to services which will be supported. 

• Implementations for registration, intra-domain hand-over based on the seamless hand-over 

approach, inter-domain hand-over based on Mobile IPv6 including automatic registration, QoS 

Broker messaging, AAAC in including Auditing messaging, control and visualisation for the 

user as well for the operator of the billing information, IP paging on a basic strategy (database 

without any intelligence for the paging area identification). 

• The integration of all implementations was a huge challenge since the places of development 

were distributed over whole Europe and Singapore. However, it was successfully solved for 

most components. 

• Establish a good visibility and accepted expertise in the area of IP paging standardisation via 

partner P02 (NEC). 

In contrast to the original plans of the project, a full integration of TD-CDMA could not be achieved due 

to delays in the implementation of related hardware and software. While IP-based connectivity and 

mobility management were integrated, the QoS modules and the AAA functionality is not (yet) part of the 

TD-CDMA set-up. 

Security and privacy have been identified as very important open issues. These were not addressed in the 

project proposal and we relayed on existing open source implementations. The IP security infrastructure 

is not applicable for a mobile operator architecture. 

Time Schedule: 

The integration as well as the trial suffered on a huge delay since not all implementations could be 

finished in the time schedule. As already mentioned, the fact that the development of the modules was 

distributed over several locations, some delay were produced since partners had to travel for debugging to 

the trial sites, especially to Stuttgart/Germany. Some delay for the TD-CDMA-equipment occurred 

because of missing hardware components from third parties. 



However, the integration was completed successfully but delayed, with some impacts to the real user trial, 

which had to be shorter than expected. 

Lessons Learnt: 

The integration of different modules, although accounted for with manpower and time in the original 

project proposal, turned out to be a real challenge. This was taken into account in the specification of a 

successful follow-up project proposal (IP DAIDALOS in FP6), where integration will be considered as a 

major requirement from the beginning, and even more resources will be spent on this aspect.

Evaluation, Recommendations and Final Project Report

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