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13 Ibid., 1-2, q. 100, 3 and ad 1.<br />
14 Pope John Paul II, Encyclical Veritatis splendor, n. 13; the internal citation is<br />
from Vatican <strong>Council</strong> II Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern<br />
World Gaudium et spes, n. 22.<br />
15 Ibid., n. 13.<br />
16 St. Thomas Aquinas, Summa contra gentiles, 3.122.<br />
17 Grisez, Christian Moral Principles, p. 184.<br />
18 For a fuller discussion <strong>of</strong> these moral truths see Grisez, Christian Moral<br />
Principles, pp. 205-225; John Finnis, Natural Law and Natural Rights (Oxford:<br />
Oxford University Press, 1980), chapter 3; Finnis, Fundamentals <strong>of</strong> Ethics<br />
(Washington: Georgetown University Press, 1984), pp. 74-78; William E.<br />
May, An Introduction to Moral Theology (rev. ed.: Huntington, IN: Our Sunday<br />
Visitor, 1994), pp. 77-80.<br />
19 Vatican <strong>Council</strong> II, Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern<br />
World Gaudium et spes, n. 48.<br />
20 Ibid., nn. 48, 50. In his Encyclical Veritatis splendor Pope John Paul II<br />
explicitly includes “the communion <strong>of</strong> persons in marriage,” violated by<br />
adultery, among the goods <strong>of</strong> human persons (n. 13; see also nn. 48, 50, 67,<br />
78, 79). On marriage as a fundamental good <strong>of</strong> human persons, intrinsically<br />
good, see Germain Grisez, The Way <strong>of</strong> the Lord Jesus, Vol. 2, Living a Christian<br />
Life (Quincy, IL: Franciscan Press, 1993), pp. 555-584.<br />
21 John Finnis, “Personal Integrity, Sexual Morality, and Responsible<br />
Parenthood,” Anthropos: Rivista di studi sulla persona e la famiglia 1 (1985) 46,<br />
emphasis added. Anthropos is now called Anthropotes.<br />
22 The “nuptial meaning <strong>of</strong> the body” is developed by Pope John Paul II in<br />
many <strong>of</strong> his addresses on the “theology <strong>of</strong> the body” given at his Wednesday<br />
audiences, in particular those given between September 5, 1979 and May 6,<br />
1981. These addresses are found in Pope John Paul II, The Theology <strong>of</strong> the Body:<br />
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