An Introduction to Early Welsh - Arthur Pendragon of Wales

17.] CONSONANT MUTATIONS. 17
vor across the sea]
trwy lewenyd through joy; uch benn above;
wrth Gynan to Cynan; y vynyd upwards; hyt galan Mei till
the first of May.
(k) After a negative in phrases like na wir it is not true
RB. 105 ;
na well it is not better RB. 61.
(1) After mor how, so and neu or, e.g. mor druan how
neu vuelyn or horn.
wretched;
(m) After interjections.
(a) The vocative is lenated after a, ha, oia, och, ub e.g. a
vorwyn O maiden ; oia wr hoi man ; och Ereint alas! Gereint;
ub wyr alack ! men. But without any preceding particle lenation
of the vocative is found, e.g.
dos vorwyn go, maiden.
(/?) After llyma, llyna, and nachaf, e.g. llyma luossogrwyd
yn ymlit see! there is a host following RB. II.
302 ; llyna uedru yn
drwc there is bad behaviour ; nachaf uarchawc yn dyuot behold! a
horseman was coming.
17. The pronoun
is lenated :
B. LENATION OF THE PRONOUN.
(a) As subject or object, or emphasizing
an infixed or suffixed
pronoun or possessive adjective, e.g. elwyf ui / might go, gallaf i /
can, ny buum drwc i / was not evil, y rodaf inneu / will give,
arhowch uiui wait for me, na chabla di uiui do not blame me, nyt
atwaenwn i didi / did not recognise thee, ath gud ditheu which
hides thee, ohonaf i,
ohonaf inneu by me, vy ysgwyd
i my shield, dy
grogi di thy hanging, dy lad ditheu thy slaying.
NOTE 1. But after final t t is usual, e,g. y rodeist ti thou hast given,
gan dy genyat ti with thy leave, dy vot titheu thy being.
(b) Sometimes in apposition, e.g. ni a awn ui a thi we will go, I
and thou, keisswn ninneu ui a thi let us seek, I and thou.
(c) After other lenating words, e.g. gwae vi woe to me, neu
vinneu or I, neu ditheu or thou.