Rebirth and the Western Buddhist - Khamkoo
Rebirth and the Western Buddhist - Khamkoo
Rebirth and the Western Buddhist - Khamkoo
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Logical 'Proofs': <strong>the</strong> Theory of <strong>Rebirth</strong> 35<br />
things that are in fact not findable on logical analysis, it is<br />
postulated that we are dealing with findable things. In<br />
many ways <strong>the</strong>se hypo<strong>the</strong>tical findable things behave<br />
much like things in <strong>the</strong> observed world, so <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>ory can<br />
still be useful. But just as <strong>the</strong> Newtonian <strong>the</strong>ory of dynamics,<br />
which assumes absolute time <strong>and</strong> space, breaks<br />
down when very high velocities are involved, so this<br />
<strong>the</strong>ory too may cease to apply in certain circumstances.<br />
While this postulate may appear to be about individual<br />
things, in practice it is taken to mean that each type of<br />
thing has numberless defining characteristics, which<br />
mark it off from every thing not of that type. This gives<br />
rise to <strong>the</strong> important concept of a homogene (rigs 'dra): a<br />
homogene of A is something that is of <strong>the</strong> same type as<br />
A.<br />
Pz: A person is a dependent imputation on <strong>the</strong><br />
aggregates. There is no person self-sufficient or<br />
st<strong>and</strong>ing up on its own. (LG 12-18, 100)<br />
These first two postulates are consistent with Sautrantika<br />
tenets. The next two form <strong>the</strong> basis of <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>ory of<br />
causation.<br />
PJ: Whatever result is produced must be preceded<br />
by <strong>the</strong> complete collection of however<br />
many causes it has. If any of <strong>the</strong>m is absent,<br />
<strong>the</strong>y are unfit; if one cause is incomplete, that<br />
result cannot arise. (LG 21)<br />
P3': Conversely, if <strong>the</strong> collection of causes is<br />
complete, <strong>the</strong> result must be produced. (LG<br />
56-57)<br />
P4: The complete collection of causes of any<br />
result includes (1) <strong>the</strong> substantial cause (upadana)<br />
<strong>and</strong> (2) co-operative conditions.<br />
"Substantial cause of result R" means "That which leaves