KB prezent. angl - Komerční banka
KB prezent. angl - Komerční banka KB prezent. angl - Komerční banka
100 ➔101 Unconsolidated Financial Statements under CAS Products traded by the Bank The Bank trades the following products that carry an element of market risk: loans and deposits in the interbank market, currency transactions (spots, swaps, forwards), interest rate instruments (interest rate swaps, FRAs), treasury bills and Government bonds, corporate bonds and other specific products, such as bills of exchange/bill programs, cash management for selected clients, etc. The Bank does not conduct any proprietary option transactions, it only enters into back-to-back transactions with options. The Bank enters into transactions with financial derivative instruments for proprietary purposes as well as on clients’ accounts. In addition, the Bank uses derivative instruments to hedge positions that expose the Bank to market risk. In order to hedge its own positions, the Bank primarily uses interest rate swaps, FRAs and currency swaps. The Bank has also entered into a number of structured financial derivative transactions for its clients which are designed to meet the clients’ hedging needs. These products are measured using internal models; market risk is eliminated by closing the position through a back-to-back deal. Financial derivative instruments are traded only on over-the-counter markets. The Bank trades no stock exchange derivatives. Market risk in the Market Book In order to measure market risk inherent in the Market Book, the Bank uses, inter alia, the Value at Risk concept. Value at Risk is calculated using historical simulations and represents a maximum potential loss on the portfolio over a given time period (typically one trading day) with a confidence level of 99 percent. The Bank uses analyses of historical scenarios (“back testing”) to validate the correctness of Value at Risk. The actual results of the trading books are compared with the modelled value of Value at Risk and the Bank assesses the number of breaches of the confidence level. The Bank has also implemented daily analyses of shock scenarios (“stress testing”) of all open positions in the Market Book. The Bank has defined shock scenarios for principal groups of currencies. The Global Value at Risk over the holding period of one day with a confidence level of 99 percent was EUR (583,570) and EUR (289,993) as of 31 December 2003 and 2002, respectively. The average Global Value at Risk was EUR (417,072) and EUR (381,579) for the years ended 31 December 2003 and 2002, respectively. The Value at Risk limits were determined by management of the Bank for risk management. Market risk in the Structural Book The foreign exchange position is monitored on a daily basis in accordance with the CNB Regulation on capital adequacy of banks including credit and market risk. Within its Structural Book, the Bank manages foreign exchange risk so as to achieve minimum risk exposures. In order to achieve this, the foreign exchange position of the Structural Book is measured on a daily basis and subsequently hedged under established rules. For the purpose of hedging foreign exchange positions within the Structural Book, the Bank uses standard cross-currency instruments in the interbank market, such as cross-currency spots and forwards. Pursuant to regulatory requirements, the Bank reports, on a monthly basis, on its foreign currency and Czech crown position to the Czech National Bank. Interest rate risk within the Structural Book is monitored and measured using a static gap analysis, sensitivity of interest income to a parallel shift of the yield curve, and Earnings at Risk (“EaR”) for net interest income which is monitored separately for CZK, USD and EUR, and the sum of other foreign currencies. The EaR indicator shows the maximum departure of the planned net interest income over a one year period attributable to the movements in interest rates with a 99 percent confidence level from the initial value. EaR is set using stochastic simulations of random scenarios of interest rate developments and a change in interest income relative to the initial value is established for each scenario. The calculation of EaR to net interest income involves a stress-testing approach to interest rate risk within the Structural Book. In order to hedge interest rate risk within the Structural Book the Bank uses both standard derivative instruments available in the interbank market (such as FRAs and interest rate swaps) and appropriate investment in securities or selection of interest rate parameters of other assets and liabilities.
(C) Financial derivatives The Bank operates a system of market risk and counterparty limits which are designed to restrict inadequate exposure to movements in market prices and counterparty concentrations. The Bank also monitors adherence to all limits on a daily basis and follows up on any breaches of these limits and takes corrective action to reduce the risk exposure. The following tables set out notional and fair values of financial derivative instruments categorised as held for trading and hedging. Financial derivative instruments designated as held for trading derivatives: CZK million Notional value Notional value Notional value 2003 2003 2002 2002 2001 2001 Assets Liabilities Assets Liabilities Assets Liabilities Interest rate instruments Interest rate swaps 83,477 83,477 66,307 66,307 60,509 60,509 Forward rate agreements 159,693 159,693 150,841 150,841 135,051 135,051 Options 1,400 1,400 5,600 5,600 4,400 4,400 Total 244,570244,570222,748 222,748 199,960199,960 Foreign currency instruments Currency swaps 42,690 42,578 80,158 80,021 82,884 82,266 Cross currency swaps 10,005 7,672 18,212 14,997 22,279 21,372 Currency forwards 3,843 3,805 4,003 3,944 4,513 4,435 Call options 3,545 3,567 2,213 2,238 1,231 1,344 Put options 3,567 3,545 2,237 2,213 986 872 Total 63,650 61,167 106,823 103,413 111,893 110,289 Other instruments Credit options 11 11 14,758 14,758 20,506 20,506 Forwards on debt securities 1,025 1,025 1,139 1,139 1,813 1,813 Forwards on equities 2 2 0 0 0 0 Equity options 9 9 0 0 0 0 Total 1,047 1,047 15,897 15,897 22,319 22,319 TOTAL 309,267 306,784 345,468 342,058 334,172 332,568 CZK million Fair value Fair value Fair value 2003 2003 2002 2002 2001 2001 Positive Negative Positive Negative Positive Negative Interest rate instruments Interest rate swaps 1,635 1,731 2,662 2,709 1,873 1,847 Forward rate agreements 62 64 267 333 512 488 Options 11 7 216 227 94 89 Total 1,708 1,802 3,145 3,269 2,479 2,424 Foreign currency instruments Currency swaps 876 827 2,431 2,308 2,203 1,634 Cross currency swaps 2,400 56 3,374 166 993 110 Currency forwards 73 33 87 30 89 24 Call options 43 0 37 0 26 0 Put options 0 43 0 36 0 26 Total 3,392 959 5,929 2,5403,311 1,794 Other instruments Credit options 0 0 0 0 0 0 Forwards on debt securities 1 0 1 3 0 0 Forwards on equities 0 0 0 0 0 0 Equity options 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 1 0 1 3 0 0 TOTAL 5,101 2,761 9,075 5,812 5,790 4,218
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100 ➔101<br />
Unconsolidated Financial Statements<br />
under CAS<br />
Products traded by the Bank<br />
The Bank trades the following products that carry an element of market risk: loans and deposits in the interbank market, currency<br />
transactions (spots, swaps, forwards), interest rate instruments (interest rate swaps, FRAs), treasury bills and Government bonds,<br />
corporate bonds and other specific products, such as bills of exchange/bill programs, cash management for selected clients, etc.<br />
The Bank does not conduct any proprietary option transactions, it only enters into back-to-back transactions with options.<br />
The Bank enters into transactions with financial derivative instruments for proprietary purposes as well as on clients’ accounts.<br />
In addition, the Bank uses derivative instruments to hedge positions that expose the Bank to market risk.<br />
In order to hedge its own positions, the Bank primarily uses interest rate swaps, FRAs and currency swaps.<br />
The Bank has also entered into a number of structured financial derivative transactions for its clients which are designed to meet the<br />
clients’ hedging needs. These products are measured using internal models; market risk is eliminated by closing the position through<br />
a back-to-back deal.<br />
Financial derivative instruments are traded only on over-the-counter markets. The Bank trades no stock exchange derivatives.<br />
Market risk in the Market Book<br />
In order to measure market risk inherent in the Market Book, the Bank uses, inter alia, the Value at Risk concept. Value at Risk is<br />
calculated using historical simulations and represents a maximum potential loss on the portfolio over a given time period (typically<br />
one trading day) with a confidence level of 99 percent. The Bank uses analyses of historical scenarios (“back testing”) to validate the<br />
correctness of Value at Risk. The actual results of the trading books are compared with the modelled value of Value at Risk and the<br />
Bank assesses the number of breaches of the confidence level.<br />
The Bank has also implemented daily analyses of shock scenarios (“stress testing”) of all open positions in the Market Book.<br />
The Bank has defined shock scenarios for principal groups of currencies.<br />
The Global Value at Risk over the holding period of one day with a confidence level of 99 percent was EUR (583,570) and<br />
EUR (289,993) as of 31 December 2003 and 2002, respectively. The average Global Value at Risk was EUR (417,072) and EUR (381,579)<br />
for the years ended 31 December 2003 and 2002, respectively. The Value at Risk limits were determined by management of the Bank<br />
for risk management.<br />
Market risk in the Structural Book<br />
The foreign exchange position is monitored on a daily basis in accordance with the CNB Regulation on capital adequacy of banks<br />
including credit and market risk. Within its Structural Book, the Bank manages foreign exchange risk so as to achieve minimum risk<br />
exposures. In order to achieve this, the foreign exchange position of the Structural Book is measured on a daily basis and<br />
subsequently hedged under established rules. For the purpose of hedging foreign exchange positions within the Structural Book, the<br />
Bank uses standard cross-currency instruments in the interbank market, such as cross-currency spots and forwards. Pursuant to<br />
regulatory requirements, the Bank reports, on a monthly basis, on its foreign currency and Czech crown position to the Czech<br />
National Bank.<br />
Interest rate risk within the Structural Book is monitored and measured using a static gap analysis, sensitivity of interest income to<br />
a parallel shift of the yield curve, and Earnings at Risk (“EaR”) for net interest income which is monitored separately for CZK, USD and<br />
EUR, and the sum of other foreign currencies. The EaR indicator shows the maximum departure of the planned net interest income<br />
over a one year period attributable to the movements in interest rates with a 99 percent confidence level from the initial value. EaR is<br />
set using stochastic simulations of random scenarios of interest rate developments and a change in interest income relative to the<br />
initial value is established for each scenario. The calculation of EaR to net interest income involves a stress-testing approach to<br />
interest rate risk within the Structural Book.<br />
In order to hedge interest rate risk within the Structural Book the Bank uses both standard derivative instruments available in the<br />
interbank market (such as FRAs and interest rate swaps) and appropriate investment in securities or selection of interest rate<br />
parameters of other assets and liabilities.