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This is the arrangement of he first enclosure. Arrangement of the Second and Third Enclosures The second enclosure is allotted to all types of animals (the five sensed ones). The third enclosure is allotted for parking of vehicles. Outside these enclosures there are crowds of animals, humans, as well as gods. Sometimes they come separately and sometimes all together. However, in spite of the crowd the movement is orderly and peaceful. There is hardly any rush or stampede or altercation. The Importance of Beholding the Samavasaran „±üü ¿¢¢Ý¢² ½±¼é J To behold the Samavasaran of a Tirthankar is such an important act that an ascetic who has not done so earlier is inspired to walk and come even if he is stationed twelve Yojan (approx.144 km) away. As it is a rule that any ascetic stationed within a distance of 144 km from the Samavasaran should come and join. One who ignores this for any reason should observe a four days fast as penitence. This is because his right perception is fret with faults of instability, shallowness and dilution. The appearances of the Tirthankar sitting in the Samavasaran is so breathtakingly beautiful that if all the gods join together and try to create that beauty in the dimension of a toe, it cannot surpass the beauty of the toe of the Tirthankar. In terms of the beauty of the form the list of people in order of descendence is as follows (The beauty of the earlier being infinitely more than the latter: Tirthankar, Ganadhar, Ascetics with normal human body, Anuttar Vaimanik gods, Navagraiveyaka, Achyut, Aaran, Pranat, Anat, Sahasrar, Mahashukra, Lantak, Brahmlok, Mahendra, Sanat Kumar, Ishan, Saudharma, Bhavanavasi, Jyotishka, Vanavyantar (all dimensions of gods), Chakravarti, Vasudev, Baldev and regional kings. The common kings and other people are further down on the scale with much larger gap. (The traditional reduction being-infinitely less in six attributes). The Acharyas have explained the purpose of this breathtaking beauty of the Tirthankar that appears due to the precipitation of the Tirthankar-karma. They say that this divine beauty of the Tirthankar inspires loose attending the Samavasaran to indulge in religious activity, all those who are earthly, beautiful ought to do so. The utterances of a divinely beautiful person are listened to with attention. The pride of the narcissists also shatters in presence of such an embodiment of pure beauty. These are the reasons that make the divine beauty of a Tirthankar praiseworthy. The Ideal of Humility Amar Muni - Tirthankar Charitra - Surana # 62 jainuniversity.org The first words the Tirthankar utters when he starts his discourse are - “Salutations to the ford of religion”. After this he begins his discourse in easily understandable words of the common man’s language, Ardha-Magadhi, with the specific purpose that every one present may understand and absorb the words and their meaning. As the status of Tirthankar is gained because of the establishment of Tirth (ford of religion), salutations are first of all offered to the Tirth. The cause of becoming revered is reverential even for the revered one. The religious only in the inhabited region; the Tirthankar recognizes this fact with due reverence. Another reason is that when such a lofty and endowed person as a Tirthankar displays such humility he sets an example for others to follow. The Volume of the Speech With the advancement of technology the capacity and scope of transmission of sound with the help of amplifiers, telephones, radios and satellites has increased manifold. However, the Tirthankar’s speech is naturally endowed with unique attributes. As such in the Samavasaran the voice of the Tirthankar reaches the eardrums or hearing organs of all five sensed beings. Everyone in the audience thus removes his doubts and ambiguities. The Tirthankar gives his discourse only in one language, but the assembly has the congregation of gods, humans and animals. How do they all understand this monolingual discourse? It is something like the single color water turning into a variety of colors depending on the soul it falls on; black, white, red or grey etc. One of the unique attributes of the Tirthankar’s speech is this capacity to automatically get translated into the language of the listener. In this age of advanced technology it is nothing to be astonished about. In the United Nations Organization there are representatives from almost all nations of the world. There is a multiplicity of languages, but the technology has made it possible that any speech in any language is immediately translated into the language of the listener. There are twelve types of congregations in the Samavasaran. If the preaching of the Tirthankar does not inspire any of the listeners to take a vow of any on of the four Samayiks (a specific spiritual practice), Sarvavirati (total renunciation), Deshvirati (partial renunciation), Samyaktva (right conduct), and Shruti-Samayik (listening to the scriptures), all this effort of construction of the Samavasaran and collecting such a large crowd would go waste. But it is not so. Once the Samavasaran is created, the Tirthankar does give his discourse. For once at least, his preachings make lasting impression on the psyche of the www.jainuniversity.org
listener even if he does not accept any of the prescribed vows. The pure particles of Tirthankars speech are fast acting. As such, more often than not his speech does not go in vain. Men take at least one of the four types of vows mentioned above. The animals accept one out of three leaving aside the Sarvavirati. The gods as a rule accept the Samyaktva Samayik. In the Samavasaran, the Tirthankar gives discourse for the first quarter of the day (three hours). After this he comes out of the enclosure and goes into a small enclosure. Devachhandak situated in the second enclosure towards the east and rests comfortably. In the village or town near which the Samavasaran is created, a number of messengers are appointed for giving news about the movement of the Tirthankar. Some of them are honorary and others salaried. For this recurring expenditure the Chakravartis contribute 1.2 million gold coins. The regional kings contribute the same number in silver coins. Gods like Kuber, various landlords, merchants and other people contribute according to their capacity and devotion. „±üü ¿¢¢Ý¢² ½±¼é J How the Gods Work for Spread of <strong>Religion</strong>? The devoted gods too follow this practice. They distribute money to various people appointed for various jobs like security, maintenance and serving the masses. They also provide assistance to people in need as well as support to the newly initiated ones. They consider this to be the worship of the Tirthankar. As a result they acquire the Satavedaniya Karma (the pleasure causing Karma). They automatically become virtuous and promote the spread of religion. After the Tirthankar’s discourse the Ganadhars start their discourse. This is done during the second quarter of the day. The Position of the Ganadhars Ganadhars, the heads of groups of ascetics, give their discourse. This is done thorns presented by kings or the foot of the Tirthankar. The Ganadhars in their discourse narrate the stories about past and future. They also answer to the questions of the curious among the masses. As the Ganadhars answer to all and sundry questions it is not possible to call them ignorant or lacking in the unique virtues like Avadhi Jnana and others. Thus in the Samavasaran of a Tirthankar there are ample opportunities of hearing to the discourse of great souls, pondering, accepting vows, enhancing of right attitude, religious activities, worshiping and serving greatmen as well as masses. (For further reading see Abhidhan Rajendra Kosh, Vol. 7) 1 • • • jainuniversity.org Amar Muni - Tirthankar Charitra - Surana # 63 www.jainuniversity.org
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ILLUSTRATED TIRTHANKAR CHARITRA „
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Divine Earings ....................
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PUBLISHER’S NOTE Under our scheme
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1. The most important feature of th
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1. BHAVAGAN RISHABHDEV, THE FIRST T
Page 11 and 12: evolved martial arts and taught the
Page 13 and 14: After completing his age in the dim
Page 15 and 16: The queen asked, “Today you are l
Page 17 and 18: Sheetalnath was born on the Twelfth
Page 19 and 20: The falcon agreed to this proposal
Page 21 and 22: friends broke their fast, Mahabal w
Page 23 and 24: three hundred males and equal numbe
Page 25 and 26: Shrikrishna started the search for
Page 27 and 28: One-day prince Parshva was enjoying
Page 29 and 30: Innocent Nayasar waited looking at
Page 31 and 32: THE FIVE AUSPICIOUS EVENTS IN THE L
Page 33 and 34: and thirst experienced a divine fee
Page 35 and 36: 1. His parents gave Vardhaman - Thi
Page 37 and 38: Mahavir spent his first monsoon-sta
Page 39 and 40: Affliction by Kataputna It is an in
Page 41 and 42: Such inhuman torture to such a deli
Page 43 and 44: The great Dreams Once after some de
Page 45 and 46: Great scholars like Vyakta and Arya
Page 47 and 48: APPENDIX 1 IMPORTANT FACTS ABOUT TH
Page 49 and 50: APPENDIX 2 THE BASIS OF BECOMING A
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Page 53 and 54: * VXI Tirthankar 1. Kind Shrishen,
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