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15. Dharmnath Sthavir Vimalvahan
16. Shantinath Rajarshi Dhanrath
17. Kunthunath Acharya Samvar
18. Arnath Muni Samvar
19. Mallinath Acharya Dharmaghosh
20. Munisuvrat Muni Nandan
21. Naminath Muni Sudarshan
22. Arishtanemi Acharya Shrisen
23. Parshvanath Tirthankar Jagannath
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24. Mahavir Acharya Pottil
(Trishashtishalaka Purush Charitra)
APPENDIX 10
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TIRTHANKAR AND OMNISCIENT (KEWALI)
Depending on mental alertness or dynamism of the practicer there are numerous levels of practicer, viz. Jinakalpi (solitary),
Abhigrahdhari (who gives emphasis on specific resolution), Pramatta (partially alert), Apramatta (absolutely alert), Saragi
(partially detached), Vitragi (absolutely detached) etc. The first step in this progression is Sadhu (ascetic) and the last is
Vitrag, Tirthankar and Kewal Jnani (omniscient). Although there is no difference in the level of knowledge of a Tirthankar and
an omniscient, the status of Tirthankar has its own importance. It has its own attributes and recognition. The difference
between these two states of highest purity is as follows-
1. In a Tirthankar there is a precipitation of Tirthankar-nam-karma. This is absent in case of common omniscient.
2. For two earlier births a Tirthankar necessarily acquires right-perception. It is not a rule for a common omniscient.
3. A Tirthankar while in the womb has Avadhi Jnan (all knowledge of the physical world). It is not a rule for a common
omniscient.
4. The mother of a Tirthankar has fourteen great dreams at the time of conception. It is not so in the case of a common
omniscient.
5. A Tirthankar is always
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a male, the case of Mallinath being a unique exception. For a common omniscient this rule does
not apply.
6. A Tirthankar is not breast-fed; whereas a common omniscient (Kewali) is.
7. A Tirthankar gives charity for one year immediately before Diksha, as a rule. A Kewali does not necessary.
8. A Tirthankar does not give discourse before attaining omniscience, he may, however, answer a question. A Kewali does
give discourses even as a common ascetic.
9. In a Tirthankar’s life there are five auspicious events. It is not so in case of a Kewali.
10. A Tirthankar acquires Manahparyav Jnan immediately after his Diksha. A Kewali does not.
11. A Tirthankar is self-enlightened. A Kewali is not necessarily.
12. Before his Diksha the gods formally ask a Tirthankar for that. For Kewali no god arrives.
13. A Tirthankar establishes the four pronged religious organization or ford; not a Kewali.
14. A Tirthankar has a religious order; not a Kewali.
15. The principal disciples of a Tirthankar are Ganadharas. A Kewali’s disciples are not.
16. A Tirthankar has eight auspicious attributes; not a Kewali.
17. A Tirthankar has thirty-four unique attributes; not a Kewali.
18. A Tirthankar’s speech has thirty-five unique attributes; not a Kewali’s.
19. A Tirthankar in his progression to purity does not touch the I, II, III, V and XI Gunasthanas (the specific stages on the path
of purity); whereas a Kewali may touch all Gunasthanas except the XI.
20. A Tirthankar does not have Kewali-Samudghat (a special process of spirito-physical transformation); a Kewali has.
21. A Tirthankar is born in the Kshatriya caste. A Kewali may be from any and all castes.
22. A Tirthankar has Sam-chaturasra Samsthan (one of the six types of anatomical structures). A Kewali may have any of the
six.
Amar Muni - Tirthankar Charitra - Surana # 55
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