Development of a Novel Mass Spectrometric ... - Jacobs University

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Results and Discussion Intens. [%] 100 80 60 40 20 397.4 411.4 425.4 257.2 285.3 305.3 449.5 505.6 541.6 561.6 663.5 +MS 0 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 m/z Figure 3-21 APCI mass spectrum of waste sample extracted using n-heptane only Intens. [%] 60 40 347.3 (a) 349.3 351.3 352.3 353.3 355.3 357.3 359.3 361.3 363.3 +MS 365.3 20 348.3 350.3 354.3 356.4 358.2 360.3 362.3 364.3 0 348 350 352 354 356 358 360 362 364 m/z Intens. [%] 40 (b) +MS 355.3 357.4 30 353.3 365.3 351.3 359.3 363.3 349.3 20 347.3 361.3 356.3 358.4 10 354.3 352.3 350.3 360.3 364.3 348.3 362.3 0 348 350 352 354 356 358 360 362 364 m/z 55
Results and Discussion Intens. [%] 50 (c) 357.4 +MS 40 355.3 359.4 30 20 10 0 C 26 H 39 C 25 H 52 353.3 347.4 C 26 H 39 C 25 H 52 361.4 358.4 365.3 349.4 351.3 356.3 360.4 363.4 348.4 354.3 362.4 352.3 350.4 364.4 348 350 352 354 356 358 360 362 364 m/z Figure 3-22 Mass spectra of the waste sample purified by using 2 gs (a), 4 gs (b) and 6 gs (c) of florisil during purification. The altered light shredder waste fraction (hydrothermally treated) was analysed by APCI using N 2 gas as reagent. The mass spectrum in figure 3-20 shows ions for all components within the solid waste sample. The bulk of the sample, assuming ionisation without fragmentation as shown earlier, consists of hydrocarbons between 18 and 34 carbon atoms per molecule resulting in a mass envelope with almost Gaussian distribution centered around m/z 400. Examination of the waste spectrum reveals a MW distribution that spans over a mass range of m/z 200-700 Da. This could define a typical MW distribution of solid waste hydrocarbon content. Although the waste spectrum demonstrates a relatively low mass distribution range, it reflects a high degree of complexity characterized by the huge number of peaks found in the spectrum. Around 4000 resolved signals were observed by direct infusion using a (+) APCI-TOF/MS method. The enlarged mass spectrum in figure 3-23 exhibits two contrasting modes of ionisation for each analyte. Low intensity even mass ions accompany their respective high intensity odd mass ions. Even mass ions are most likely hydrocarbon molecular ions (or isotope peaks 2 H, 13 C) formed by a loss of an electron due to the role played by N 2 gas while odd mass ions are the significant ions corresponding to (M-1) + ions of hydrocarbons within the waste mixture. 56
Page 1 and 2:
Development of a Novel Mass Spectro
Page 3 and 4:
Declaration of Authorship I ,Nadim
Page 5 and 6:
This work has been carried out unde
Page 7 and 8:
Contents Contents Declaration of Au
Page 9 and 10:
List of Figures List of Figures Fig
Page 11 and 12:
List of Figures Figure 3-39 MS 2 fr
Page 13 and 14:
List of Tables List of Tables Table
Page 15 and 16:
Abbreviations Abbreviations APCI AP
Page 17 and 18:
Abbreviations UV VGOs VOCs VRs ultr
Page 19 and 20:
Introduction Analytical chemistry h
Page 21 and 22: Introduction 1.2 Presence and Fate
Page 23 and 24: Introduction aliphatic hydrocarbons
Page 25 and 26: Introduction Figure 1-1 Examples of
Page 27 and 28: Introduction Figure 1-2 Range of io
Page 29 and 30: Introduction fractions. 42 Another
Page 31 and 32: Introduction 1.3.5 APLI Other crude
Page 33 and 34: Introduction products). Other molec
Page 35 and 36: Introduction Other studies performe
Page 37 and 38: Introduction APLI-FT ICR-MS Crude o
Page 39 and 40: Introduction spectrometry in as muc
Page 41 and 42: Introduction catalytic processing t
Page 43 and 44: Introduction Figure 1-6 Kendrick ma
Page 45 and 46: Introduction including determinatio
Page 47 and 48: Introduction 1.5 Scope and Signific
Page 49 and 50: Experimental e) Other model mixture
Page 51 and 52: Experimental 2.2.2 Preparation of O
Page 53 and 54: Experimental 2.4 Graphical Presenta
Page 55 and 56: Results and Discussion experiment.
Page 57 and 58: Results and Discussion Intens. [%]
Page 59 and 60: Results and Discussion common featu
Page 61 and 62: Results and Discussion 3.2 APCI-TOF
Page 63 and 64: Results and Discussion These compou
Page 67 and 68: Results and Discussion Ions were pr
Page 71: Results and Discussion procedure ba
Page 75 and 76: Results and Discussion to produce m
Page 77 and 78: Results and Discussion 519.5863 519
Page 79 and 80: Results and Discussion Higher mass
Page 87 and 88: Results and Discussion isolated fro
Page 93 and 94: Results and Discussion 3.4.5 Tandem
Page 97 and 98: Results and Discussion injected int
Page 101 and 102: Results and Discussion 3.4.8 Quanti
Page 103 and 104: Results and Discussion Int. x 10000
Page 105 and 106: Results and Discussion Table 3.6 Qu
Page 107 and 108: Results and Discussion assessment o
Page 109 and 110: Results and Discussion hydrocarbons
Page 117 and 118: Results and Discussion of n-alkanes
Page 119 and 120: Results and Discussion flow (in I2)
Page 121 and 122: Results and Discussion Other intere
Page 123 and 124:
Results and Discussion Figure 3-80
Page 125 and 126:
Results and Discussion KMD 2.4 2.2
Page 127 and 128:
Results and Discussion KMD 1.1 1 Le
Page 129 and 130:
Results and Discussion 3.6.4 Asphal
Page 131 and 132:
Conclusions In conclusion we could
Page 133 and 134:
References References 1. Fay, R. M.
Page 135 and 136:
References 23. Colavecchia, M. V.,
Page 137 and 138:
References 47. Dzidic, I., Petersen
Page 139 and 140:
References Hydroconversion Processe
Page 141 and 142:
References 91. Golovlev, V. V., All
Page 143 and 144:
Appendix Light shredder waste Meas.
Page 145 and 146:
419.4592 C 30 H 59 419.4611 4.6 421
Page 147 and 148:
Liqui Moly car motor oil Meas. m/z
Page 149 and 150:
345.3511 C 25 H 45 345.3516 1.5 349
show all

Development of a Novel Mass Spectrometric ... - Jacobs University

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?