Development of a Novel Mass Spectrometric ... - Jacobs University

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Results and Discussion members of a homologous alkylation series. For example alkanes are sorted horizontally to the value of KMD=1 separated by number of alkyl (CH 2 ) groups whereas the other degraded compounds are appearing in a vertical arrangement according to their degrees of unsaturation (number of double bonds). Around 800 elemental compositions in a single waste extract in positive ion mass spectrum were rapidly distinguised in the plot. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time Kendrick plot is employed to display a nonpolar hydrocarbon content of a certain complex mixture. This 2D chemical sorting allowed tracing the biodegradation of the n-alkanes. The reduction in the number and amount of n- alkanes is greatly desired before the waste would be approved for final landfill. KMD 1.0 0.8 0.6 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 NKM Figure 3-74 Kendrick plot for the light shredder waste It is emphasized from the above graph that 90% of the components are hydrocarbons having a KMD around 1. The majority of the content appears as explained earlier to be degraded compounds varying by their doubly bond equivalents as their unsaturation degrees. The horizontal lines having different KMD values suggest a dehydrogenation process taking place during microbial processing. (M-1) + ions of n-alkanes are aligned horizontally at KMD = 0. (M-1) + ions of n-alkanes aligned at KMD=0, a line which is not shown in the plot because y-axis is enlarged for better screening of the set of data points. Molecular ions, M •+ 99
Results and Discussion of n-alkanes are aligned at KMD=0. Figure 3-75 shows a plot of measured mass of hydrocarbon components against double bond equivalence (DBE; degree of unsaturation). The graph clearly shows, similar to Kendrick plot, a pattern showing parallel horizontal lines expressing different degrees of unsaturation within the degraded hydrocarbons constituting the chemical content of the waste. 15 DBE RDB 10 5 0 200 300 400 500 600 700 Measured m/z Figure 3-75 Plot of DBE vs measured mass (m/z) for the hydrocarbon components of waste H/C 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0 5 10 15 20 DBE Figure 3-76 Plot of H/C ratio vs DBE of a light shredder waste sample 100
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Development of a Novel Mass Spectro
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Declaration of Authorship I ,Nadim
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This work has been carried out unde
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Contents Contents Declaration of Au
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List of Figures List of Figures Fig
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List of Figures Figure 3-39 MS 2 fr
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List of Tables List of Tables Table
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Abbreviations Abbreviations APCI AP
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Abbreviations UV VGOs VOCs VRs ultr
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Introduction Analytical chemistry h
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Introduction 1.2 Presence and Fate
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Introduction aliphatic hydrocarbons
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Introduction Figure 1-1 Examples of
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Introduction Figure 1-2 Range of io
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Introduction fractions. 42 Another
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Introduction 1.3.5 APLI Other crude
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Introduction products). Other molec
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Introduction Other studies performe
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Introduction APLI-FT ICR-MS Crude o
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Introduction spectrometry in as muc
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Introduction catalytic processing t
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Introduction Figure 1-6 Kendrick ma
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Introduction including determinatio
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Introduction 1.5 Scope and Signific
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Experimental e) Other model mixture
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Experimental 2.2.2 Preparation of O
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Experimental 2.4 Graphical Presenta
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Results and Discussion experiment.
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Results and Discussion Intens. [%]
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Results and Discussion common featu
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Results and Discussion 3.2 APCI-TOF
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Results and Discussion These compou
Page 65 and 66: Results and Discussion Intens. [%]
Page 67 and 68: Results and Discussion Ions were pr
Page 71 and 72: Results and Discussion procedure ba
Page 75 and 76: Results and Discussion to produce m
Page 77 and 78: Results and Discussion 519.5863 519
Page 79 and 80: Results and Discussion Higher mass
Page 87 and 88: Results and Discussion isolated fro
Page 93 and 94: Results and Discussion 3.4.5 Tandem
Page 97 and 98: Results and Discussion injected int
Page 101 and 102: Results and Discussion 3.4.8 Quanti
Page 103 and 104: Results and Discussion Int. x 10000
Page 105 and 106: Results and Discussion Table 3.6 Qu
Page 107 and 108: Results and Discussion assessment o
Page 109 and 110: Results and Discussion hydrocarbons
Page 115: Results and Discussion Intens. [%]
Page 119 and 120: Results and Discussion flow (in I2)
Page 121 and 122: Results and Discussion Other intere
Page 123 and 124: Results and Discussion Figure 3-80
Page 125 and 126: Results and Discussion KMD 2.4 2.2
Page 127 and 128: Results and Discussion KMD 1.1 1 Le
Page 129 and 130: Results and Discussion 3.6.4 Asphal
Page 131 and 132: Conclusions In conclusion we could
Page 133 and 134: References References 1. Fay, R. M.
Page 135 and 136: References 23. Colavecchia, M. V.,
Page 137 and 138: References 47. Dzidic, I., Petersen
Page 139 and 140: References Hydroconversion Processe
Page 141 and 142: References 91. Golovlev, V. V., All
Page 143 and 144: Appendix Light shredder waste Meas.
Page 145 and 146: 419.4592 C 30 H 59 419.4611 4.6 421
Page 147 and 148: Liqui Moly car motor oil Meas. m/z
Page 149 and 150: 345.3511 C 25 H 45 345.3516 1.5 349
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