Development of a Novel Mass Spectrometric ... - Jacobs University

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Results and Discussion my knowledge, no analyses or other kinds of monitoring activities have specifically utilized a precise analytical method to determine accurate data concerning the composition of the existing solid waste in uncontrolled dumps. Since these dumps are thought to be sources of hazardous complex mixtures and are hitherto unknown which components are present in these mixtures, I suggested to apply our current light shredder waste analytical methodology to such complex mixture of mixed solid waste in Lebanon. Samples were brought from ‘Garbage Mountain’ in the city of Saida. Two samples were taken from the garbage mountain at different intervals of time in May 2011 and July 2011. The samples were extracted, purified and measured in a similar fashion to the light shredder waste in Bremen. Sample 1 appears as in figure 3-60 to have a relatively higher mass distribution (m/z 200 to 800), but similar collection of signals compared to light shredder waste. The negative MS spectrum of the first sample was as well obtained. The mass spectrum observed in figure 3-61 demonstrated the presence of few polychlorinated biphenyls compounds. It included hexachlorobiphenyl at m/z 340.9, heptachlorobiphenyl at m/z 374.8 and octachlorobiphenyl at m/z 408.8 that were identified by the (-) APCI method. This shows that even with the different nature and source of the solid waste in Lebanon, the method can be beneficial in identifying PCBs elsewhere. The low relative abundance of the PCBs is related to the fact that the sample belongs to a heterogeneous and untreated waste dump. This finding gives an indication that the remaining series of PCBs can be present. Knowing that there is a wide range of toxic substances (e.g. tannery waste and paints) that arrive at the waste site on a daily basis, this can be the source of toxic PCBs pollutants. Regarding the second sample, the positive mass spectrum shown in figure 3-62, appears to have also an equal number of compounds as compared to light shredder waste. However the negative mass spectrum of this sample doesn’t contain any PCBs as far as shown in figure 3-63. The work done with waste samples from Lebanon is considered a remarkable groundwork study towards a critical 89
Results and Discussion assessment of the chemical content of the random solid waste dumps in Lebanon. This should raise the interest for alleviating waste problems by enhanced management supported by analytical research. Intens. [%] 100 307.2 397.4 369.3 +MS 80 60 257.2 285.3 453.4 481.5509.5537.5 663.5 40 20 729.8 771.8 0 200 300 400 500 600 700 800m/z Figure 3-60 Positive APCI mass spectrum of Lebanese waste sample 1 Intens. [%] 100 473.3 -MS 80 489.2 60 40 20 0 255.2 283.3 205.1 220.1 C 12 H 5 OCl 5 C12 H 4 OCl 6 314.1 340.8 408.3 374.8 423.3 456.3 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 m/z 529.4 Figure 3-61 Negative polarity APCI of Lebanese waste sample 1 90
Page 1 and 2:
Development of a Novel Mass Spectro
Page 3 and 4:
Declaration of Authorship I ,Nadim
Page 5 and 6:
This work has been carried out unde
Page 7 and 8:
Contents Contents Declaration of Au
Page 9 and 10:
List of Figures List of Figures Fig
Page 11 and 12:
List of Figures Figure 3-39 MS 2 fr
Page 13 and 14:
List of Tables List of Tables Table
Page 15 and 16:
Abbreviations Abbreviations APCI AP
Page 17 and 18:
Abbreviations UV VGOs VOCs VRs ultr
Page 19 and 20:
Introduction Analytical chemistry h
Page 21 and 22:
Introduction 1.2 Presence and Fate
Page 23 and 24:
Introduction aliphatic hydrocarbons
Page 25 and 26:
Introduction Figure 1-1 Examples of
Page 27 and 28:
Introduction Figure 1-2 Range of io
Page 29 and 30:
Introduction fractions. 42 Another
Page 31 and 32:
Introduction 1.3.5 APLI Other crude
Page 33 and 34:
Introduction products). Other molec
Page 35 and 36:
Introduction Other studies performe
Page 37 and 38:
Introduction APLI-FT ICR-MS Crude o
Page 39 and 40:
Introduction spectrometry in as muc
Page 41 and 42:
Introduction catalytic processing t
Page 43 and 44:
Introduction Figure 1-6 Kendrick ma
Page 45 and 46:
Introduction including determinatio
Page 47 and 48:
Introduction 1.5 Scope and Signific
Page 49 and 50:
Experimental e) Other model mixture
Page 51 and 52:
Experimental 2.2.2 Preparation of O
Page 53 and 54:
Experimental 2.4 Graphical Presenta
Page 55 and 56: Results and Discussion experiment.
Page 57 and 58: Results and Discussion Intens. [%]
Page 59 and 60: Results and Discussion common featu
Page 61 and 62: Results and Discussion 3.2 APCI-TOF
Page 63 and 64: Results and Discussion These compou
Page 67 and 68: Results and Discussion Ions were pr
Page 71 and 72: Results and Discussion procedure ba
Page 75 and 76: Results and Discussion to produce m
Page 77 and 78: Results and Discussion 519.5863 519
Page 79 and 80: Results and Discussion Higher mass
Page 87 and 88: Results and Discussion isolated fro
Page 93 and 94: Results and Discussion 3.4.5 Tandem
Page 97 and 98: Results and Discussion injected int
Page 101 and 102: Results and Discussion 3.4.8 Quanti
Page 103 and 104: Results and Discussion Int. x 10000
Page 105: Results and Discussion Table 3.6 Qu
Page 109 and 110: Results and Discussion hydrocarbons
Page 117 and 118: Results and Discussion of n-alkanes
Page 119 and 120: Results and Discussion flow (in I2)
Page 121 and 122: Results and Discussion Other intere
Page 123 and 124: Results and Discussion Figure 3-80
Page 125 and 126: Results and Discussion KMD 2.4 2.2
Page 127 and 128: Results and Discussion KMD 1.1 1 Le
Page 129 and 130: Results and Discussion 3.6.4 Asphal
Page 131 and 132: Conclusions In conclusion we could
Page 133 and 134: References References 1. Fay, R. M.
Page 135 and 136: References 23. Colavecchia, M. V.,
Page 137 and 138: References 47. Dzidic, I., Petersen
Page 139 and 140: References Hydroconversion Processe
Page 141 and 142: References 91. Golovlev, V. V., All
Page 143 and 144: Appendix Light shredder waste Meas.
Page 145 and 146: 419.4592 C 30 H 59 419.4611 4.6 421
Page 147 and 148: Liqui Moly car motor oil Meas. m/z
Page 149 and 150: 345.3511 C 25 H 45 345.3516 1.5 349
show all

Development of a Novel Mass Spectrometric ... - Jacobs University

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?