A Tour-Based Model of Travel Mode Choice - Civil Engineering ...
A Tour-Based Model of Travel Mode Choice - Civil Engineering ...
A Tour-Based Model of Travel Mode Choice - Civil Engineering ...
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10 th International Conference on <strong>Travel</strong> Behaviour Research<br />
August 10-15, 2003<br />
A random utility approach is adopted in this model to determine the choice among these options.<br />
The utility <strong>of</strong> person p choosing mode m for trip t on trip chain c, U(m,t,p), is:<br />
U(m,t,p) = V(m,t,p) + ε(m,t,p) t∈T(c,p); m∈f(t,p) [1]<br />
where:<br />
V(m,t,p)=<br />
ε(m,t,p)=<br />
T(c,p) =<br />
f(t,p) =<br />
systematic utility component <strong>of</strong> mode m for trip t for person p<br />
random utility component <strong>of</strong> mode m for trip t for person p<br />
set <strong>of</strong> trips on chain c for person p<br />
set <strong>of</strong> feasible modes for trip t for person p<br />
Further, we assume that the utility for a specific combination <strong>of</strong> chosen modes for the entire<br />
trip chain c, U(M,p) is simply the sum <strong>of</strong> the individual trip utilities:<br />
U(M,p) = ∑ t∈T(c,p) V(m(t),t,p) + ∑ t∈T(c,p) ε(m(t),t,p) M∈F(c,p) [2]<br />
where:<br />
M = one set <strong>of</strong> specific feasible modes for the trips on chain c for person p (the<br />
chain mode set)<br />
F(c,p) = set <strong>of</strong> chain mode sets for chain c for person p; this set is defined by both a<br />
priori trip constraints (e.g., trip distance too long to walk) and chain-based “contextual”<br />
constraints (e.g., can’t use auto-drive on return trip if it was not used on the outbound<br />
trip)<br />
A special case <strong>of</strong> M is the all-drive chain (D), for which equation [2] simplifies to:<br />
U(D,p) = ∑ t∈T(c,p) V(d,t,p) + ∑ t∈T(c,p) ε(d,t,p) [3]<br />
where d represents the drive trip mode.<br />
The other values <strong>of</strong> M involve the feasible combinations <strong>of</strong> individual trip-based mode<br />
choices (e.g., for a three-trip tour: transit-transit-transit; transit-walk-taxi; etc.) that define the<br />
NPV chain option. Since in the case <strong>of</strong> the NPV option the mode for each trip in the chain is<br />
chosen individually, equation [2] reduces to:<br />
U(NPV,p) = ∑ t∈T(c,p) MAX m∈f(t,p) [U(m,t,p)] [4]<br />
where U(NPV,p) is the optimal NPV chain mode set.<br />
Equation [2] represents a major assumption in the model design. It is essential to provide a<br />
consistent comparison between chain-based and trip-based modes, as well as to deal with<br />
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