Kyne & Simpfendorfer.. - Shark Specialist Group

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Class Chondrichthyes. Subclass Holocephali. Order Chimaeriformes. Modern Chimaeras. Family Rhinochimaeridae. Longnose Chimaeras. Harriotta haeckeli Karrer, 1972. Smallspine spookfish Patchy in the Southern Ocean and Eastern Atlantic. A record in the Northwest Atlantic requires confirmation. FAO Areas 21(?), 27, 34, 57, 81. Abyssal plains and deepsea troughs. 1114-2603m. Harriotta raleighana Goode & Bean, 1895. Narrownose or longnose chimaera, bentnose rabbitfish or bigspine spookfish Wide-ranging but patchy in the Indo-West Pacific and Atlantic. FAO Areas 21, 27, 34, 41, 47, 51, 57, 61, 71, 81. Upper to deep slope, abyssal plains and seamounts. 380-2600m. Neoharriotta carri Bullis & Carpenter, 1966. Dwarf sicklefin chimaera Western Central Pacific: southern Caribbean. FAO Area 31. Upper slope. 240-600m. Neoharriotta pinnata (Schnakenbeck, 1931). Sicklefin chimaera Eastern Central and Southeast Atlantic: West Africa. FAO Areas 34, 47. Outermost shelf and upper slope. 200-470m. Neoharriotta pumila Didier & Stehmann, 1996. Arabian sicklefin chimaera Western Indian: Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden. FAO Area 51. Outer shelf and upper to mid slope. 100-1120m. Rhinochimaera africana Compagno, Stehmann & Ebert, 1990. Paddlenose chimaera or spookfish Patchy in the Western Indian and Northwest Pacific. FAO Areas 51, 61. Upper to mid slope and seamounts. 500-1500m. Rhinochimaera atlantica Holt & Byrne, 1909. Spearnose chimaera or straightnose rabbitfish Wide-ranging in the Atlantic. FAO Areas 21, 27, 31, 34, 41, 47. Upper to mid slope. 500- 1500m. Rhinochimaera pacifica (Mitsukuri, 1895). Pacific spookfish or knifenose chimaera Patchy in the Indo-West Pacific and the Southeast Pacific. FAO Areas 57, 61, 71, 81, 87. Outermost shelf, upper to mid slope, deepsea troughs, deepsea plateaus and seamounts. 191- 1290m (mostly >700m). Rhinochimaera sp. A [Didier]. Dwarf spookfish Northwest Pacific: Japan. FAO Area 61. Family Chimaeridae. Shortnose Chimaeras. Chimaera cubana Howell-Rivero, 1936. Cuban chimaera Western Central Atlantic: Caribbean. FAO Area 31. Upper slope. 234-450m. Chimaera jordani Tanaka, 1905. Jordan's chimaera Confirmed from the Northwest Pacific (Japan) and Western Indian, but probably more wideranging. FAO Areas 51, 61. Upper to deep slope. 383-1600m. 18
Chimaera lignaria Didier, 2002. Giant, purple or carpenter's chimaera Primarily Southwest Pacific: southern Australia and New Zealand. FAO Areas 57, 81. Upper to deep slope, deepsea plateaus and seamounts. 400-1800m (mostly >800m). Includes Chimaera sp. D [Last & Stevens, 1994]. Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758. Rabbitfish Wide-ranging in the Northeast Atlantic including the Mediterranean. FAO Areas 27, 34, 37. Shelf and upper to mid slope. 50-1000m (mostly 300-500m). Chimaera owstoni Tanaka, 1905. Owston's chimaera Northwest Pacific: Japan. FAO Area 61. Upper to mid slope. 500-1200m. Chimaera panthera Didier, 1998. Leopard or roundfin chimaera Southwest Pacific: New Zealand. FAO Area 81. Upper to mid slope, deepsea rises, submarine ridges and seamounts. 327-1020m. Chimaera phantasma Jordan & Snyder, 1900. Silver chimaera Wide-ranging but patchy in the Western Pacific and Eastern Indian. FAO Areas 57, 61, 71, 81. Shelf and upper to mid slope. 20-962m. Includes the junior synonym Chimaera pseudomonstrosa Fang & Wang, 1932, and Chimaera sp. E [Last & Stevens, 1994]. Chimaera sp. A [Last & Stevens, 1994]. Southern chimaera Eastern Indian and Southwest Pacific: southern Australia. FAO Areas 57, 81. Upper to mid slope. 300-850m. Chimaera sp. B [Last & Stevens, 1994]. Shortspine or brown chimaera Western Pacific: Australia and New Zealand. FAO Areas 71, 81. Upper to mid slope. 450- 1000m. Chimaera sp. C [Last & Stevens, 1994]. Longspine chimaera Eastern Indian and Western Pacific: Australia and possibly New Zealand. FAO Areas 57, 71, 81. Upper to mid slope. 440-1300m. Chimaera cf. sp. E [Last & Stevens, 1994; White et al. 2006]. Lombok chimaera Eastern Indian: Lombok, Indonesia. FAO Area 57. Habitat not documented, but probably slope. Chimaera sp.? [not africana, Compagno et al., 1989; Didier]. Cape chimaera Southeast Atlantic: South Africa. FAO Area 47. Hydrolagus affinis (Capello, 1867). Atlantic chimaera or smalleyed rabbitfish Wide-ranging in the North Atlantic. FAO Areas 21, 27, 34. Upper to deep slope, abyssal plains and seamounts. 300-2410m (mostly >1000m). Hydrolagus africanus (Gilchrist, 1922). African chimaera Western Indian and probably Southeast Atlantic: southern Africa. FAO Areas 47(?), 51. Upper to mid slope. 300-1300m (mostly 421-750m). Hydrolagus alberti Bigelow & Schroeder, 1951. Gulf chimaera Western Central Atlantic: Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico. FAO Area 31. Upper to mid slope. 348-1100m. Hydrolagus alphus Quaranta, Didier, Long & Ebert, 2006. Whitespot ghostshark Southeast Pacific: Galapagos Islands. FAO Area 87. Upper to mid slope. 600-900m. 19
Page 1 and 2: A COLLATION AND SUMMARIZATION OF AV
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary
Page 5 and 6: Reproductive output in deepwater ch
Page 7 and 8: GENERAL INTRODUCTION THE CLASS CHON
Page 9 and 10: Leucoraja circularis, blonde skate
Page 11 and 12: SECTION I. BIODIVERSITY AND AN ANNO
Page 13 and 14: Table 1.1. The diversity of deepwat
Page 15 and 16: ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF EXTANT DEEPW
Page 17: Habitat zones broadly follow Compag
Page 21 and 22: Hydrolagus trolli Didier & Séret,
Page 23 and 24: Squalus melanurus Fourmanoir, 1979.
Page 25 and 26: Deania hystricosum (Garman, 1906).
Page 27 and 28: Etmopterus molleri (Whitley, 1939).
Page 29 and 30: Scymnodalatias sherwoodi (Archey, 1
Page 31 and 32: Squatina formosa Shen & Ting, 1972.
Page 33 and 34: Torpedo nobiliana Bonaparte, 1835.
Page 35 and 36: Bathyraja matsubarai (Ishiyama, 195
Page 37 and 38: Brochiraja spinifera (Garrick & Pau
Page 39 and 40: Amblyraja hyperborea (Collette, 187
Page 41 and 42: Dipturus mennii Gomes & Paragó, 20
Page 43 and 44: Fenestraja cubensis (Bigelow & Schr
Page 45 and 46: Okamejei sp. N [Last & Stevens, 199
Page 47 and 48: Family Anacanthobatidae. Legskates.
Page 49 and 50: Family Dasyatidae. Whiptail Stingra
Page 51 and 52: Apristurus kampae Taylor, 1972. Lon
Page 53 and 54: Apristurus sp. [Séret]. Western Ce
Page 55 and 56: Western Central Atlantic: Straits o
Page 57 and 58: Pentanchus profundicolus Smith & Ra
Page 59 and 60: Mustelus canis insularis (Mitchell,
Page 61: Musick, J.A., Harbin, M.M. and Comp
Page 64 and 65: efore relying on ovulated ova) and
Page 66 and 67: FAMILY LIFE HISTORY ACCOUNTS PART 1
Page 68 and 69:
Family Squalidae. Dogfish Sharks. T
Page 70 and 71:
often related to maternal size, lar
Page 72 and 73:
Table 2.3. Reproductive biology of
Page 74 and 75:
16 embryos (Table 2.5). Irvine (200
Page 76 and 77:
Table 2.6. Age and growth of etmopt
Page 78 and 79:
Table 2.7. Reproductive biology of
Page 80 and 81:
Gonzalez 2006). Daley et al. (2002)
Page 82 and 83:
and in the case of the crocodile sh
Page 84 and 85:
Balart et al. (2000) is 295mm TL fo
Page 86 and 87:
Table 2.11 (continued). Species Loc
Page 88 and 89:
PART 2. BATOIDS Order Rajiformes. B
Page 90 and 91:
years for females of all species ag
Page 92 and 93:
Ebert and Davis 2007). These are th
Page 94 and 95:
Table 2.15. Age and growth of rajid
Page 96 and 97:
PART 3. HOLOCEPHALANS Order Chimaer
Page 98 and 99:
SEGREGATION, MOVEMENT AND MIGRATION
Page 100 and 101:
PRODUCTIVITY OF DEEPWATER CHONDRICH
Page 102 and 103:
e slow to recover from overfishing.
Page 104 and 105:
0.16 0.14 Intrinsic rebound potenti
Page 106 and 107:
Bigelow, H.B. and Schroeder, W.C. 1
Page 108 and 109:
Conrath, C.L., Gelsleichter, J. and
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Squaliformes) in the southwestern e
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Hoenig, J.M. 1983. Empirical use of
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Lucifora, L.O., Valero, J.L. and Ga
Page 116 and 117:
Parsons, G.R., Ingram, G.W. Jr. and
Page 118 and 119:
Sulikowski, J.A., Elzey, S., Kneebo
Page 120 and 121:
K. (eds.). Indo-Pacific Fish Biolog
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deepwater species categories for ea
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Table 3.1. FAO FIGIS database categ
Page 126 and 127:
CASE STUDY 1. AUSTRALIAN SOUTHERN A
Page 128 and 129:
Table 3.2. Mid-slope deepwater shar
Page 130 and 131:
CASE STUDY 2. NORTHEAST ATLANTIC DE
Page 132 and 133:
CASE STUDY 3. AZORES KITEFIN SHARK
Page 134 and 135:
CASE STUDY 4. MALDIVES GULPER SHARK
Page 136 and 137:
SECTION III LITERATURE Adam, M.S.,
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