Wax Additives - Deuteron GmbH

Wax Additives
Improvement of the haptical, optical
and mechanical properties
INFO WA-0211/1E

Wax raw materials can be
split into the following
groups:
Waxes
Natural waxes
Semi-synthetic
waxes
Synthetic
waxes
The use of waxes in coatings introduces release and slip
properties. Waxes give the film surface a lower surface adhesion
and often results in a fine, uniform surface characteristic. The
main property improvements are:
Release properties
Dirt-repellent properties
Anti-blocking effect / stackability
Scratch resistance
Reduction of the static and dynamic friction
Surface smoothness
Haptic properties
Oxygen inhibition
Matting
Sanding properties
Anti-sedimentation
Wax as additive in coatings
Carnauba wax
Bee‘s wax
Montan wax
Paraffin
Modified montan wax
Amide wax
Polyethylene wax
Polypropylene wax
Fischer-Tropsch-paraffin
Preparation
via
emulsification
wet milling
micronising
precipitation
Wax additives offered by DEUTERON
GmbH are shown in GREEN.
The form used for coatings,
is normally ca. 1-25 µm in size.
DEUTERON-WAX A Micronised polyamide wax with excellent
resistance to heat and chemicals and high hardness. Matting
effect and improved sanding properties.
DEUTERON-WAX MPO Non-polar micronised polyolefin wax with
a good matting effect. It increases the mechanical and chemical
resistance of the coating surface and reduces the sedimentation
of pigments and fillers in pigmented systems.
DEUTERON-WAX PP Micronised polypropylene wax with a wide
range of uses.
DEUTERON-WAX TF Micronised PTFE modified polyolefin wax.
Polytetrafluoroethylene has the lowest friction coefficient of all
solid substances and hence has the highest slip and anti-blocking
values in organic coatings.
DEUTERON AP348 Polyethylene wax with high hardness in the
form of prills for incorporation via the melts, for example for
powder coatings: It reduces the gloss and improves the levelling.
DEUTERON UV RS20 Dispersion of high molecular weight PE
waxes in DPGDA for altering the surface smoothness in radical
curing UV systems. Moderate matting effect.
DEUTERON OG 250 Stabilised, aqueous paraffin dispersion of
low melting point as an additive for manufacturing water-based
soft-feel coatings. The product has a strong hydrophobic effect.
DEUTERON OG 330 Aqueous dispersion of a polyethylene wax,
PTFE modified. Improves surface smoothness, abrasion
resistance and scrub resistance of water-based coatings.
DEUTEROL Paraffindispersion Stabilised, aqueous dispersion
of a pure paraffin. Matting agent for systems that can be thinned
with water.

Matting
Waxes can in some cases be considered to be organic matting
agents and used as such. The most important types are
unmodified and modified polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP)
and polyamide (PA) waxes. Polyolefin waxes are the most suited
for use as matting agents or as auxiliary matting additives.
The following principle also holds for matting coating surfaces with
waxes: The larger the particles, the bigger the effect. In general
the wax particles orientate themselves on the coating surface. The
matting effect of waxes is however limited compared to the effect
of special matting agents. If instead of silky-gloss surfaces it is
desired to produce matt or dull surfaces, additional matting agents
must also be used. Suitable additional matting agents include all
organic matting agents (PMU - polymethyl urea) and inorganic
matting agents (silicas). In general spherical particles are less
efficient than irregularly shaped particles. This also applies for
DEUTERON matting agents based on polymethyl urea which
have an amorphous structure and show improved mechanical
values. The use of matting agents and the specific properties that
can be achieved with them depend on the nature of the wax and
also on the particle size. For use as a sanding additive, polyamide
waxes are generally the best suited.
Gloss comparison in a solvent-containing CN coating with a low
solids fraction of 22%
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Degree of gloss 60°
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Amount added %
Gloss comparison in a solvent-containing two-component acrylic
lacquer with a total binder content of 33%
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Degree of gloss 60°
2%
4%
Wachs A
Wax A Wax MPO Wax PP Wax TF No additive
Slip and haptic effects
Wax additives are used to improve the slip properties of the film
surface and hence also improve the scratch resistance,
anti-blocking effect, dirt-repellent properties and stackability. The
ability to lower the surface adhesion also gives these materials
release agent properties. Waxes are slip agents and have a
positive effect on the scratch resistance and blocking resistance,
by producing a sort of barrier at the surface which makes penetration
or scratching more difficult. This effect results in simulating a
higher hardness. The waxes concentrate mainly at the surface
and introduce effects there ranging from uniform silky-gloss to
matt.
The differences in density and the different polarities of the waxes
and coating system are responsible for the affinity of the wax to
the surface and the surface effects. In solvent-containing systems
this occurs largely due to convection. In aqueous systems this
occurs due to the hydrophobicity of the additives and their
incompatibility with the system.
Combinations of PTFE-PE (Teflon ® -polyethylene) give the highest
slip effects.
Comparison of friction values for a solvent-containing CN coating
with a low solids fraction of 22% containing different concentrations
of additive:
0,8
0,7
0,6
0,5
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
Coefficient of friction µ
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Amount added %
DEUTERON Wax PP
DEUTERON Wax A
DEUTERON Wax MPO
DEUTERON Wax TF
Solid line - Static friction
Dotted line - Dynamic friction

Product range of DEUTERON wax additves
DEUTERON Typ
Solid content Melting point d50 D90
% °C µm µm
Wax A Amide wax 100 approx. 140 6,0 14,4
Wax MPO Polyolefin wax 100 approx. 110 5,2 10,7
DEUTEROL
Paraffindispersion
* = For the part of wax
Oxygen inhibition
Wax PP Polypropylene wax 100 approx. 138 6,6 14,4
Wax TF PTFE-modified polyolefine wax 100 approx. 110* 4,9 10,6
Systems
Micronised
powder
AP 348 Polyethylene wax 100 85-90 n.a. n.a. Prills
OG 330 Polyethylene wax, PTFE-modified 50 approx. 110* 5,2 10,8
OG 250 Paraffin, Water approx. 20 approx. 60* 3,6 1,9
Paraffin, Water approx. 20 approx. 60* 3,4 1,8
UV RS20 Polyethylene wax in DPGDA approx. 25 115-120*