Development Management Policies - Direction of ... - Islington Council
Development Management Policies - Direction of ... - Islington Council
Development Management Policies - Direction of ... - Islington Council
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www.islington.gov.uk<br />
<strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong> <strong>Policies</strong><br />
<strong>Direction</strong> <strong>of</strong> Travel Draft<br />
November 2010<br />
YOUR<br />
NEIGHBOURHOOD<br />
YOUR<br />
ISLINGTON<br />
Part <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Islington</strong>’s<br />
Local<br />
<strong>Development</strong><br />
Framework
Contents<br />
1 Introduction and Consultation Details 3<br />
1.1 The Policy Context 4<br />
1.2 Sustainable <strong>Development</strong> 6<br />
2 Design and Heritage 10<br />
3 Managing Environmental Resources 24<br />
4 Transport 43<br />
5 Housing 57<br />
6 Employment 74<br />
7 Shops, Leisure and Services 78<br />
8 Healthy Living 100<br />
9 Infrastructure and Implementation 109<br />
10 Monitoring 112<br />
1 Appendix: Local Views 114<br />
2 Appendix: Primary & Secondary Retail Frontages 119<br />
3 Appendix: Local Shopping Parades 124<br />
4 Glossary 136<br />
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1 Introduction and Consultation Details<br />
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1 Introduction and Consultation Details<br />
1 Introduction and Consultation Details<br />
1.0.1 When completed, the <strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong> <strong>Policies</strong> <strong>Development</strong> Plan Document<br />
(DPD) will form part <strong>of</strong> the council's Local <strong>Development</strong> Framework (LDF). This is a set<br />
<strong>of</strong> planning policy documents. Together the LDF works alongside the London Plan and<br />
national policy.<br />
1.0.2 The main document in the LDF is the Core Strategy. The Core Strategy is currently being<br />
examined by the Secretary <strong>of</strong> State and if found sound it will become an adopted plan<br />
early in 2011. The <strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong> <strong>Policies</strong> develops the themes and broad<br />
policies in the Core Strategy.<br />
1.0.3 This <strong>Direction</strong> <strong>of</strong> Travel document follows on from the Issues and Options document that<br />
we consulted on in autumn 2009. The information we get from this consultation will be<br />
used to produce the final draft <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong> <strong>Policies</strong> later in 2011.<br />
Consultation Details<br />
It is important that we get as much input as possible at this stage, when there is most scope for<br />
change. Your input will help inform a final draft which will be consulted on in 2011. We will be<br />
running an extended ongoing consultation to seek input:<br />
from 8 November 2010 until 31 January 2011 we welcome any comments; and<br />
in February / March 2011 we will then hold workshops and discussions to discuss the main<br />
issues and how these can inform the final draft <strong>of</strong> the document.<br />
At the same time we are consulting on other LDF documents called Site Allocations DPD and<br />
the Bunhill and Clerkenwell Area Action Plan.<br />
You can view and comment on all the documents online at the following link:<br />
http://www.islington.gov.uk/planningpolicyconsultations.This means you can view everyone's<br />
comments as they are received and others will be able to see your comments.<br />
You can also respond in writing, by email to:LDF@islington.gov.uk or by post to:<br />
Freepost<br />
RSEA-CUHA-YYAS<br />
Planning Policy<br />
<strong>Islington</strong> <strong>Council</strong><br />
Upper Street<br />
London N1 1XR<br />
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1 Introduction and Consultation Details<br />
We will regularly update our webpage www.islington.gov.uk/LDF about progress and events. If<br />
you would like to be on our mailing list please email LDF@islington.gov.uk or phone 020 7527<br />
2618 / 020 7527 2720 .<br />
What is the <strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong> Document?<br />
1.0.4 '<strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong>' is a positive and proactive approach to shaping, considering,<br />
determining and delivering development proposals. The emphasis is on collaboration<br />
instead <strong>of</strong> negotiation; coming to a balanced agreement which solves problems rather<br />
than a compromise which doesn't meet everyone's objectives.<br />
1.0.5 The process is led by the local planning authority, working closely with those proposing<br />
developments and other stakeholders. It is undertaken in the spirit <strong>of</strong> partnership and<br />
inclusiveness, and supports the delivery <strong>of</strong> key priorities and outcomes. The <strong>Development</strong><br />
<strong>Management</strong> <strong>Policies</strong> do not just control land uses but positively promote sustainable<br />
development. <strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong> <strong>Policies</strong> help implement the Core Strategy.<br />
1.0.6 In line with Planning Policy Statement 12 (PPS 12), only policies which relate to the delivery<br />
<strong>of</strong> the Core Strategy objectives are included and repetition <strong>of</strong> national and London Plan<br />
policy is avoided. More use <strong>of</strong> national guidance (PPSs) and London Plan Policy for<br />
decision making is expected rather than having a policy to cover every potential<br />
development angle.<br />
1.0.7 Each policy section identifies the Core Strategy policy it helps implement. The draft<br />
<strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong> policies are followed by some explanatory text where necessary.<br />
1.1 The Policy Context<br />
1.1.1 The council makes decisions about land-use in the borough based on national, regional<br />
(London) and its own local policy. These decisions affect what can be built, where, and<br />
how buildings are used. These decisions also affect other matters including;<br />
the public realm (the accessible spaces in-between buildings such as streets)<br />
parks and nature conservation<br />
the energy used by buildings<br />
parking<br />
conservation<br />
the accessibility and inclusive design <strong>of</strong> the the environment<br />
1.1.2 These decisions are guided by the <strong>Development</strong> Plan; this is made up <strong>of</strong> a set <strong>of</strong> documents<br />
including this document. In the next few paragraphs we explain the local <strong>Development</strong><br />
Plan in more detail.<br />
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1.1.3 The government produces Planning Policy Statements and supporting guidance that set<br />
out a general framework for planning at the regional and local level. In London, the Mayor<br />
produces a development strategy for greater London, theLondon Plan. Our local policies<br />
have to be consistent with both national policy and the London Plan.<br />
1.1.4 The London Plan together with parts <strong>of</strong> the Local <strong>Development</strong> Framework form the local<br />
<strong>Development</strong> Plan (see Figure 1.1). <strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong> <strong>Policies</strong> will be part <strong>of</strong> the<br />
local <strong>Development</strong> Plan. The London Plan is currently being reviewed by the Mayor <strong>of</strong><br />
London, Boris Johnson. A draft <strong>of</strong> the new London Plan was published in autumn 2009<br />
with an examination <strong>of</strong> that plan taking place in the summer <strong>of</strong> 2010. The final version <strong>of</strong><br />
the plan is expected in 2011.<br />
Figure 1.1 Documents in the LDF and the <strong>Development</strong> Plan<br />
1.1.5 The council is producing a series <strong>of</strong> local planning documents which together form the<br />
Local <strong>Development</strong> Framework. The key document is the Core Strategyy which sets out<br />
the council's overall aims for what it wants planning to achieve for the borough.<br />
1.1.6 More information about planning is available from the planning portal<br />
http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/ and from our own Statement <strong>of</strong> Community Involvement.<br />
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1.2 Sustainable <strong>Development</strong><br />
1.2.1 Sustainable development is the core principle underpinning planning. At the heart <strong>of</strong><br />
sustainable development is the simple idea <strong>of</strong> ensuring a better quality <strong>of</strong> life for everyone,<br />
now and for future generations (1) .<br />
1.2.2 This means meeting the diverse and changing needs <strong>of</strong> all people in existing and future<br />
communities, promoting personal wellbeing and inclusion; creating equal opportunity for<br />
all and creating stability for effective community development and cohesion. Sustainable<br />
development recognises that to achieve this we must respect the limits <strong>of</strong> the planet’s<br />
environment, resources and biodiversity – both to improve our own environment and to<br />
ensure that the natural resources needed for life are unimpaired and remain so for future<br />
generations (2) .<br />
1.2.3 A holistic approach to sustainability requires the development <strong>of</strong> sustainable communities.<br />
Sustainable communities are places where people want, and are enabled to, live and<br />
work, now and in the future. They are sufficiently flexible and adaptable to meet the diverse<br />
needs <strong>of</strong> existing and future residents; are sensitive to their environment; and contribute<br />
to a high quality <strong>of</strong> life. They are safe and inclusive, well planned, built and run, and <strong>of</strong>fer<br />
equality <strong>of</strong> opportunity and good services for all. The diagram below (Figure 1.2) expresses<br />
the key components needed for achieving sustainable communities.<br />
1 Planning Policy Statement 1: Delivering Sustainable <strong>Development</strong>.<br />
2 Adapted from Securing the Future, UK Government Sustainable <strong>Development</strong> Strategy<br />
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Figure 1.2 The Components <strong>of</strong> Sustainable Communities (Urban Design<br />
Compendium 2, 2007)<br />
1.2.4 In <strong>Islington</strong>, building sustainable communities means developing the borough as a place<br />
which enables people to live healthy, sustainable lives; – a place where everyone:<br />
is involved in decision-making around planned changes to the built and natural<br />
environments or to local demographics<br />
has access to a range <strong>of</strong> affordable, flexible, quality homes which meet their needs<br />
at different stages <strong>of</strong> their lives<br />
can walk, cycle and use appropriate public transport options in a safe, accessible and<br />
attractive environment<br />
has access to high quality open space, including the experience <strong>of</strong> nature, within<br />
walking distance <strong>of</strong> their homes<br />
is enabled to conserve energy, water and other resources, to minimise the waste they<br />
produce and to recycle<br />
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has easy access to local services and facilities, including shops selling affordable,<br />
fresh food<br />
can access a range <strong>of</strong> education, training and employment options<br />
has an opportunity to realise their potential and improve their quality <strong>of</strong> life<br />
1.2.5 All planning policies in <strong>Islington</strong>’s Local <strong>Development</strong> Framework aim to achieve sustainable<br />
communities.<br />
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2 Design and Heritage<br />
Implementing Core Strategy Policy<br />
This chapter helps implement the following Core Strategy <strong>Policies</strong>:<br />
Policy 8 Enhancing <strong>Islington</strong>’s character, Policy 9 Protecting and Enhancing <strong>Islington</strong>'s Built<br />
and Historic Environment, Policy 10 Sustainable Design, Policy 12 Meeting the housing<br />
Challenge, Policy 14 Retail and Services, Policy 15 Open space and green infrastructure,<br />
Policy 16 Play space, and Policy 17 Sports and recreation provision<br />
2.0.1 The Core Strategy sets out the overarching strategy for urban design and the historic<br />
environment in <strong>Islington</strong> while the <strong>Islington</strong> Urban Design Guide (IUDG), (a Supplementary<br />
Planning Document (SPD)), provides more detailed guidance. The Core Strategy<br />
acknowledges <strong>Islington</strong>’s unique character and the need to conserve and enhance its<br />
historic urban fabric whilst not stifling contemporary architecture or innovation. Traditional<br />
street patterns and the perimeter block approach are encouraged as part <strong>of</strong> new<br />
development, which should also respect the importance <strong>of</strong> human scale.<br />
2.0.2 <strong>Islington</strong> aspires to the highest standards <strong>of</strong> architectural and urban design in London, to<br />
be at the forefront <strong>of</strong> sustainability and to preserve and enhance the borough’s built heritage<br />
and its settings. Innovation and tradition need to be complementary for successful physical<br />
regeneration and achievement <strong>of</strong> high quality inclusive public spaces. The following policies<br />
suggest ways <strong>Islington</strong> can achieve these aspirations.<br />
Policy DM 1<br />
Design Criteria<br />
A. All forms <strong>of</strong> development are required to be <strong>of</strong> high quality, incorporate inclusive<br />
design principles, and make a positive contribution to the character and local<br />
distinctiveness <strong>of</strong> an area.<br />
For a development proposal to be supported it is required to:<br />
i. be sustainable, durable and adaptable;<br />
ii. be safe and inclusive;<br />
iii. improve the quality, clarity and sense <strong>of</strong> spaces around or between buildings;<br />
iv. enhance legibility and have clear distinction between public and private spaces;<br />
v. sustain and reinforce a variety and mix <strong>of</strong> uses;<br />
vi. improve movement through and repair fragmented urban form;<br />
vii. respect the historic context, local vernacular, and locally distinctive patterns <strong>of</strong><br />
development and landscape;<br />
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viii. reinforce and complement local distinctiveness and create a positive sense <strong>of</strong> place;<br />
ix. not result in an adverse effect on the amenity <strong>of</strong> nearby occupants by noise impact,<br />
hours <strong>of</strong> operation, vibration, pollution, fumes between and within developments,<br />
overshadowing, loss <strong>of</strong> privacy, loss <strong>of</strong> direct sunlight and daylight, over dominance,<br />
creating undue sense <strong>of</strong> enclosure and poor outlook, and<br />
x. not prejudice the satisfactory development <strong>of</strong> adjoining land and/or the development<br />
<strong>of</strong> the surrounding area as a whole.<br />
B. <strong>Development</strong> proposals are required to demonstrate, through the use <strong>of</strong> detailed<br />
drawings and a written statement, how they have successfully addressed the elements<br />
<strong>of</strong> the site and its surroundings listed below. Greater onus for demonstrating this will be<br />
placed on major developments, and smaller developments on sites in prominent or<br />
sensitive locations.<br />
i. Historic context, such as distinctive local vernacular form, scale and details which<br />
contribute to its character as a place;<br />
ii. Urban form, such as building lines, frontages, plot sizes and patterns, building<br />
heights, storey heights and massing;<br />
iii. architectural quality, such as colour, type, source and texture <strong>of</strong> detailing and<br />
materials used;<br />
iv. Movement and spatial patterns, such as definition, scale, use, detailing and surface<br />
treatment <strong>of</strong> routes and spaces;<br />
v. natural features, such as topography, trees, boundary treatments, planting and<br />
biodiversity;<br />
vi. visual context, such as location and scale <strong>of</strong> landmarks, strategic and local and<br />
other site specific views, skylines and silhouettes, and scale and form <strong>of</strong> townscape<br />
set pieces or urban compositions, and<br />
vii. where appropriate, demonstrate an understanding <strong>of</strong> the significance <strong>of</strong> heritage<br />
assets that may be affected.<br />
Further detail on <strong>Islington</strong>'s design requirements are set out in the council's Supplementary<br />
Planning Documents (SPD) including the <strong>Islington</strong> Urban Design Guide SPD.<br />
2.0.3 <strong>Development</strong>s must be designed for the long-term and use the minimum necessary amount<br />
<strong>of</strong> resources over their lifetime. The materials used and building design will enable the<br />
development to be easily maintained and altered for different uses and respond to the<br />
different needs <strong>of</strong> its users over its lifetime.<br />
2.0.4 <strong>Development</strong>s must meet the principles set out in 'Safer Places' (ODPM, 2004) and<br />
'Secured by Design' through consultation with <strong>Islington</strong>'s crime prevention design advisor;<br />
and achieve Inclusive Design as set out in policy DM2.<br />
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2.0.5 Legible developments help people to find their way around both the development and the<br />
wider areas, and understand how a place works. <strong>Development</strong>s that have clear distinction<br />
between public and privates spaces have clear public fronts and private backs <strong>of</strong> buildings,<br />
give clear indication <strong>of</strong> ownership and management responsibility for these spaces.<br />
2.0.6 <strong>Development</strong>s need to consider the surrounding and historic street and block pattern <strong>of</strong><br />
the site to design streets and spaces which enable people to move easily through an area.<br />
In some places in <strong>Islington</strong> older streets patterns have been disrupted by later development<br />
blocking routes and making it difficult to navigate and confusing to move around.<br />
2.0.7 The design and layout <strong>of</strong> buildings must enable sufficient sunlight and daylight to penetrate<br />
into, and between, buildings, and ensure that adjoining land or properties are protected<br />
from overshadowing. To protect privacy for residential developments and existing residential<br />
properties, there should be a minimum distance <strong>of</strong> 18 metres between windows <strong>of</strong> habitable<br />
rooms. This does not apply across the public highway.<br />
2.0.8 Adverse effects on the amenity <strong>of</strong> nearby occupants include any proposed development<br />
which prejudices renewable or low carbon energy supply (e.g. by detrimentally<br />
overshadowing solar panels or interfering with the flow <strong>of</strong> exhaust CHP gases). In such<br />
situations the proposed development should be redesigned to avoid the adverse impacts.<br />
Policy DM 2<br />
Landscape<br />
A. <strong>Development</strong> proposals are a required to take a holistic approach to landscape design<br />
and ensure it is considered as part <strong>of</strong> the whole development. For all developments full<br />
landscape details should be set out in a Landscape Plan submitted with the planning application<br />
(excluding householder applications, changes <strong>of</strong> use, extensions <strong>of</strong> less than 100m 2 and minor<br />
works, where there will be no new units, no intensification and no significant sustainable design<br />
and construction impacts).<br />
Also refer to Policy DM18 (Landscaping and Biodiversity) for detailed design requirements.<br />
Inclusive Design<br />
2.0.9 Inclusive environments derive from an understanding <strong>of</strong> the needs <strong>of</strong> our increasingly<br />
diverse communities and adapt to their different and evolving demands. Inclusive<br />
environments are easily adaptable and functional, they take into account the views<br />
expressed by users and consider the design and management <strong>of</strong> the environment<br />
inextricably linked. Where facilities and amenities are conveniently located, appropriate<br />
and accessible to all, sustainability is enhanced. Multiple and unwelcome, forced and/or<br />
premature moves are also reduced, promoting cohesion, stability and the capacity for local<br />
community development.<br />
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2.0.10 <strong>Islington</strong>’s Core Strategy has set out a clear commitment to Inclusive Design; an approach<br />
to design that, by placing people at the heart <strong>of</strong> the design process, enhances the quality<br />
<strong>of</strong> our spaces and places, ensures their continuing relevance and minimises the need for<br />
awkward, costly and unsightly alteration in the future.<br />
2.0.11 The council’s commitment to Inclusive Design is underpinned by its duties under the<br />
Equalities Act 2010 to:<br />
tackle prejudice and eliminate discrimination, harassment and victimisation;<br />
advance equality <strong>of</strong> opportunity;<br />
promote understanding and foster good community relations;<br />
remove or minimise disadvantages;<br />
take steps to meet relevant identified needs in appropriate ways; and<br />
encourage participation in public life or in any other activity in which their participation<br />
is disproportionately low.<br />
2.0.12 A requirement that all new developments adopt the principles <strong>of</strong> Inclusive Design is one<br />
way in which the council works towards meeting these duties, because, as a design<br />
philosophy, it takes into account and responds to the diversity <strong>of</strong>, and differences between,<br />
all community groups.<br />
2.0.13 Those groups are described in current equalities legislation as:<br />
age;<br />
disability (including mobility, visual and hearing impaired people and people with<br />
learning difficulties and or mental health problems);<br />
gender reassignment;<br />
marriage and civil partnership;<br />
pregnancy and maternity;<br />
race;<br />
religion or belief;<br />
sex;<br />
sexual orientation.<br />
Policy DM 3<br />
Inclusive Design<br />
A. All developments should demonstrate that they:<br />
i) provide for ease <strong>of</strong> and versatility in use;<br />
ii)<br />
iii)<br />
deliver safe, legible and logical environments;<br />
produce places and spaces that are convenient and enjoyable to use for everyone, and<br />
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iv) bring together the design and management <strong>of</strong> a development from the outset and over<br />
its lifetime.<br />
2.0.14 Ease <strong>of</strong> use and versatility are important features <strong>of</strong> an Inclusive Design. 'Ease <strong>of</strong> use'<br />
means that access to, and enjoyment <strong>of</strong>, an environment should require minimal strength,<br />
stress and effort and should be achievable in comfort; independently and/or with assistance<br />
delivered on the users’ terms. 'Versatility' suggests a lack <strong>of</strong> prescription in a design and,<br />
as a result, flexibility in use. Versatile solutions take into account diverse and evolving<br />
needs, whilst minimising the need for structural adaptation - an essential aspect <strong>of</strong><br />
sustainability.<br />
2.0.15 Logic, safety and legibility are essential aspects <strong>of</strong> an Inclusive Design because logical<br />
layouts and clear sight-lines enable spaces and places to be understood without recourse<br />
to excessive text based signage. They inspire a sense <strong>of</strong> security and promote confidence,<br />
minimising the need for active surveillance and/or personal support.<br />
2.0.16 Where barriers are designed out, and flexibility built in, places become attractive and<br />
enjoyable for all to use. The provision <strong>of</strong> accessible, essential and appropriate services<br />
to support a development will also provide for, and enhance, independence and contribute<br />
to the cohesion and sustainability <strong>of</strong> the community.<br />
2.0.17 The success <strong>of</strong> an Inclusive Design will <strong>of</strong>ten be affected as much by its management as<br />
by its physical form. Shortcomings in the latter frequently place unreasonable and<br />
unsustainable demands on the former, and vice versa. Implications for the management<br />
<strong>of</strong> spaces and places, particularly when considering diverse and changing needs, should<br />
be considered and resolved at the earliest design stages.<br />
2.0.18 To assist designers and developers to achieve these aims the council has produced a<br />
series <strong>of</strong> SPDs, which explore different aspects <strong>of</strong> our environment (housing and landscape<br />
are two examples). Those documents describe objectives, and design considerations and<br />
then suggest ways in which the objectives can be achieved. Designers and developers<br />
are also directed to relevant national design guidance documents, including British<br />
Standards and other specific advice. These documents can be found on the council's<br />
website.<br />
<strong>Islington</strong>'s Built Heritage<br />
2.0.19 <strong>Islington</strong>'s built heritage is a very important aspect <strong>of</strong> development management within<br />
the borough due to its extensive quantity and quality <strong>of</strong> historic buildings and spaces which<br />
contribute greatly to its character, economy and community pride. These are irreplaceable<br />
features which need careful protection and management. <strong>Islington</strong> currently has 40<br />
designated conservation areas covering around 50% <strong>of</strong> the total local authority area. There<br />
are also around 4,500 statutorily listed buildings in the borough and even more locally<br />
listed buildings.<br />
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2.0.20 Conservation areas, and statutorily and locally listed buildings, are referred to as heritage<br />
assets. Heritage assets are the valued components <strong>of</strong> the historic environment. A heritage<br />
asset can be a building, monument, site, place, area or landscape positively identified as<br />
having a degree <strong>of</strong> significance meriting consideration in planning decisions. They include<br />
designated heritage assets and assets identified by the local planning authority during the<br />
process <strong>of</strong> decision-making or through the plan-making process. Heritage asset holds<br />
meaning for society over and above its functional utility. It is this heritage significance that<br />
justifies a degree <strong>of</strong> protection in planning decisions.<br />
2.0.21 The council will be undertaking a programme <strong>of</strong> conservation area appraisals and<br />
management plans for specific conservation areas. These documents will provide<br />
fine-grained guidance on what forms <strong>of</strong> development are likely to be acceptable in different<br />
conservation areas, including what energy efficiency and renewable energy measures will<br />
be most suitable for different properties.<br />
2.0.22 The Bunhill and Clerkenwell Area Action Plan(AAP) identifies heritage assets in the south<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>Islington</strong> and provides specific policies for that area's unique heritage.<br />
Policy DM 4<br />
Heritage<br />
A. The architectural heritage <strong>of</strong> <strong>Islington</strong> is one <strong>of</strong> the borough's key assets and the council<br />
will continue to ensure its protection and improvement. The sections below set out how each<br />
element <strong>of</strong> the historic environment will be conserved and enhanced through a set <strong>of</strong> stated<br />
principles for managing development and council actions. Only development which makes a<br />
positive contribution to <strong>Islington</strong>'s heritage and supports these principles will be permitted.<br />
B. Conservation Areas:<br />
i) <strong>Development</strong>s are required to ensure the preservation or enhancement <strong>of</strong> the special<br />
character or appearance <strong>of</strong> <strong>Islington</strong>’s conservation areas and their settings;<br />
ii) There is a presumption in favour <strong>of</strong> the preservation <strong>of</strong> buildings and structures, both<br />
listed and unlisted, which make a positive contribution to the special character or appearance<br />
<strong>of</strong> conservation areas;<br />
iii) Spaces, street patterns, views, vistas, uses, trees and landscapes which contribute to<br />
the special character or appearance <strong>of</strong> a conservation area are required to be safeguarded;<br />
iv) The council will undertake a programme <strong>of</strong> conservation area appraisals and management<br />
plans and enhancement schemes to manage change. These documents will be Supplementary<br />
Planning Documents to guide development in those areas;<br />
v) Where up to date conservation area appraisals are not available, developers are required<br />
to submit character statements to demonstrate the impact <strong>of</strong> the development upon the<br />
character and appearance <strong>of</strong> the conservation area.<br />
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C. Listed buildings:<br />
i) There is a presumption in favour <strong>of</strong> the preservation <strong>of</strong> listed buildings and structures and<br />
their setting(s);<br />
ii) Alterations, extensions or change <strong>of</strong> use to listed buildings, or development in their vicinity,<br />
must not have an adverse impact on the special architectural or historic interest <strong>of</strong> such<br />
buildings or their settings, and<br />
iii) The council will take necessary measures to ensure that neglected listed buildings are<br />
appropriately repaired and re-used.<br />
D. Registered historic parks and gardens, London squares and other heritage landscapes:<br />
i) <strong>Development</strong>s must ensure the preservation or enhancement <strong>of</strong> historic parks and gardens<br />
/ London squares, and their settings;<br />
ii) The council will and development must safeguard features which form an integral part <strong>of</strong><br />
the special character or appearance <strong>of</strong> the park, garden or square;<br />
iii) <strong>Development</strong>s must not detract from the enjoyment, layout, design, character, appearance<br />
or setting <strong>of</strong> the park, garden or square, key views out from the landscape, or prejudice its<br />
future restoration; and<br />
iv) The council will undertake, to prepare conservation statements or management plans<br />
and the implementation <strong>of</strong> appropriate enhancement schemes for these spaces, or support<br />
relevant organisations to do so.<br />
E. Locally listed buildings:<br />
i) The council will continue to identify and compile a list <strong>of</strong> locally important buildings and<br />
structures which make a positive contribution to local distinctiveness, and ensure their<br />
protection, retention and re-use. These buildings need to be identified by developers early in<br />
their development design process and their retention should be incorporated into the proposed<br />
development. Clear justification must be provided as to why a locally listed building cannot<br />
be retained.<br />
F. Archaeology:<br />
i) The council will ensure the preservation <strong>of</strong> locally and nationally important archaeological<br />
remains and their settings within the borough, whether these are designated as 'Scheduled<br />
Ancient Monuments' or not. <strong>Development</strong>s must not adversely affect important archaeological<br />
remains or their settings;<br />
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ii) Archaeological Priority Areas are identified on the Proposals Map and all planning<br />
applications likely to affect important archaeological remains must be accompanied by an<br />
appropriate archaeological assessment. Archaeological assessment may be required for other<br />
development proposals where it is considered important archaeological remains may be<br />
present, and<br />
iii) There is a presumption in favour <strong>of</strong> physical preservation in situ <strong>of</strong> important archaeological<br />
remains. Where this cannot be achieved, measures must be taken to mitigate the impact <strong>of</strong><br />
proposals through archaeological fieldwork to investigate and record remains in advance <strong>of</strong><br />
works, and subsequent analysis, publication and dissemination <strong>of</strong> the findings.<br />
G. For heritage assets not specifically addressed above, the council will identify them in<br />
plan and decision-making, and in Supplementary Planning Documents. When determining<br />
whether something is a heritage asset the council will assess its significance based on its<br />
aesthetic, communal, historic and evidential value. This heritage value will be used to decide<br />
the most efficient and effective way <strong>of</strong> managing the heritage asset to sustain its overall value<br />
to society.<br />
Protected Views<br />
2.0.23 There are a number <strong>of</strong> views both within, and across, <strong>Islington</strong> which are currently protected<br />
from development obscuring them. The views across <strong>Islington</strong> towards St. Paul's Cathedral<br />
are managed by the Mayor <strong>of</strong> London and all development has to comply with the relevant<br />
London Plan policies and the Mayor's London Views <strong>Management</strong> Framework.<br />
Policy DM 5<br />
Protected View<br />
A. The Mayor <strong>of</strong> London's strategic views will be protected and enhanced and the council will<br />
implement the London Views <strong>Management</strong> Framework for the strategic views that cross<br />
<strong>Islington</strong>. These views will be shown on the proposals map.<br />
B . Within <strong>Islington</strong> there are local views <strong>of</strong> St. Paul's Cathedral and <strong>of</strong> St. Pancras Chambers<br />
and Station that the council will protect and enhance. These views will be shown on the<br />
proposals map. The local views protected are:<br />
LV1 View from Farringdon Lane/ Farringdon Road / Clerkenwell Road to St. Paul's Cathedral<br />
LV2 View from St. John Street to St. Paul's Cathedral<br />
LV3 View from the Angel to St. Paul's Cathedral<br />
LV4 View from Archway Road to St. Paul's Cathedral<br />
LV5 View from Archway Bridge to St. Paul's Cathedral<br />
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LV6 View from Amwell Street to St. Paul's Cathedral<br />
LV7 View from Dartmouth Park Hill to St. Paul's Cathedral<br />
LV8 View from Pentonville Road to St. Pancras Chambers and Station<br />
C. The council will produce management plans for all local views in a Supplementary Planing<br />
Document. Further policy and guidance for the management and protection <strong>of</strong> LV1 is provided<br />
in the Bunhill and Clerkenwell Area Action Plan<br />
D. Redevelopment <strong>of</strong> buildings which currently adversely impact on the local or strategic view<br />
are required to improve the view and not infringe on any part <strong>of</strong> the defined view.<br />
Details <strong>of</strong> the location and height <strong>of</strong> the local views are given in Appendix 1.<br />
2.0.24 The local views are <strong>of</strong> no lesser quality than the Mayor's strategic views and the council<br />
will give equal protection to both types <strong>of</strong> views. The protection <strong>of</strong> the views <strong>of</strong> St. Paul’s<br />
has implications for the control <strong>of</strong> building heights within the City <strong>of</strong> London, in front <strong>of</strong> and<br />
behind the view to the Cathedral, and also in the London Borough <strong>of</strong> Southwark, protecting<br />
the background. The co-operation <strong>of</strong> these two authorities will therefore be necessary.<br />
2.0.25 Within the defined local views the council will seek to protect the line <strong>of</strong> sight view from<br />
ground level at the viewpoint (or viewpoints), to a line drawn horizontally through the base<br />
<strong>of</strong> the drum <strong>of</strong> the cathedral (52.1 AOD). The historic and important view <strong>of</strong> St. Pancras<br />
along Pentonville Road will also be protected (LV8), and schemes which detract from this<br />
view will be refused permission.<br />
Landmarks<br />
2.0.26 <strong>Islington</strong> benefits from having many fine buildings, some <strong>of</strong> which are local landmarks<br />
providing a focus <strong>of</strong> interesting views and skylines. These buildings are key elements<br />
within <strong>Islington</strong>'s townscape and help create its local distinctiveness. A number <strong>of</strong> these<br />
landmarks are listed below, although this is not necessarily a comprehensive list and more<br />
could be added in the future.<br />
Policy DM 6<br />
Landmarks<br />
A. The <strong>Council</strong> will protect views <strong>of</strong> well known local landmarks and will exercise stringent<br />
controls over the height, location and design <strong>of</strong> any building which blocks or detracts from<br />
important or potentially important views. These landmarks will be shown on the proposals<br />
map.<br />
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B. The <strong>Council</strong> will produce management plans for the protection and enhancement <strong>of</strong> views<br />
<strong>of</strong> the local landmarks in Supplementary Planning Documents. These will identify the key<br />
public views <strong>of</strong> the landmark and provide guidance on managing development in the vicinity<br />
and advice on managing the public realm to protect and enhance these views.<br />
C. The landmarks protected are:<br />
Ref:<br />
LL1<br />
LL2<br />
LL3<br />
LL4<br />
LL5<br />
LL6<br />
LL7<br />
LL8<br />
LL9<br />
LL10<br />
LL11<br />
LL12<br />
LL13<br />
LL14<br />
LL15<br />
LL16<br />
LL17<br />
Note:<br />
Landmark<br />
St. Joseph’s RC Church, Highgate Hill<br />
St. Mary’s CE Church Tower and Spire, Ashley Road<br />
Boston Arms Dome, Junction Road/ Dartmouth Park Hill<br />
Camden Road New Church Tower and Spire, Camden Road<br />
Caledonian Market Tower, Market Road<br />
Union Chapel Tower and Spire, Compton Terrace<br />
St. Mary’s Church Tower and Spire, Upper Street<br />
St. John’s RC Church, Duncan Terrace<br />
Diespeker Chimney, 38 Graham Street<br />
Angel Corner House Dome, 1 <strong>Islington</strong> High Street<br />
The Cinema Tower, 7 <strong>Islington</strong> High Street<br />
Engine and Pump House, New River Head<br />
St. James’ Church Tower and Spire, Clerkenwell Close<br />
St. Luke’s Obelisk Spire, Old Street<br />
Leysian Mission Dome, City Road<br />
Lowndes House, 1 City Road<br />
Triton Court, Finsbury Square<br />
St. Pancras Station and Hotel (Chambers), in Camden, is also an<br />
important local landmark and views <strong>of</strong> it from <strong>Islington</strong> will be protected<br />
(Local view 8)<br />
New landmarks and local views<br />
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2.0.27 If there is strong local support for the designation <strong>of</strong> a new landmark or local view that<br />
contributes to local distinctiveness and has good public views the council may formally<br />
designate it and produce a management plan for it. This will be done through the production<br />
<strong>of</strong> a Supplementary Planning Document with public consultation.<br />
Advertisements<br />
Policy DM 7<br />
Advertisements<br />
A. Advertisements are required to be <strong>of</strong> the highest possible standards and contribute to a<br />
safe and attractive environment.<br />
B. Advertisements (including hoardings, illumination <strong>of</strong> hoardings, illuminated fascia signs,<br />
free-standing display panels, and estate agent boards) which require consent must not cause<br />
a public safety hazard, or contribute to clutter or a loss <strong>of</strong> amenity. Schemes submitted for<br />
approval should meet all <strong>of</strong> the following criteria:<br />
i) be <strong>of</strong> a high quality and sensitive to its visual appearance on the building on which it is<br />
to be sited and the surrounding street scene, especially in the case <strong>of</strong> listed buildings and<br />
conservation areas;<br />
ii)<br />
iii)<br />
iv)<br />
and<br />
not contribute to an unsightly proliferation or clutter <strong>of</strong> signage in the vicinity;<br />
not cause a hazard to pedestrians or road users;<br />
not cause visual intrusion by virtue <strong>of</strong> light pollution into adjoining residential properties,<br />
v) be appropriate and relevant to a business or premises.<br />
C. In conservation areas, the council will refuse planning permission for new advertising<br />
hoardings and boards, and will seek the removal <strong>of</strong> any erected without consent.<br />
2.0.28 Shop front signage is addressed in more detail in Policy DM 39.<br />
Telecommunications<br />
2.0.29 Good telecommunications infrastructure is an essential part in maintaining and developing<br />
a modern community. However, poorly designed and sited equipment can have a<br />
detrimental impact on the character and appearance <strong>of</strong> a building and the wider area. The<br />
following policy provides clear assessment criteria and guidance to applicants about where<br />
telecommunications equipment will be considered acceptable.<br />
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Policy DM 8<br />
Telecommunications<br />
A. Telecommunications equipment, including masts and satellite dishes, will only be permitted<br />
where:<br />
i) they are sited and designed to minimise their visual impact;<br />
ii) they do not have a detrimental effect upon the character or appearance <strong>of</strong> the building or<br />
area;<br />
iii) innovative design and technological solutions have been explored to minimise visual<br />
impact, and<br />
iv)<br />
there is no reasonable possibility <strong>of</strong> sharing facilities.<br />
B. Telecommunications equipment is considered inappropriate on listed buildings and within<br />
conservation areas.<br />
C. Mobile phone masts will not be permitted in close proximity to school and pre-school<br />
buildings or grounds.<br />
2.0.30 In general it is not acceptable to locate satellite dishes and other telecommunications<br />
equipment on the front <strong>of</strong> buildings and other locations where they are visible from the<br />
public realm. Satellite dishes on residential properties should be no more than 60cm in<br />
diameter to avoid being visually dominant. Close proximity to school and pre-school<br />
buildings or grounds is considered to be within 300m.<br />
Micro-generation<br />
2.0.31 Micro-generation is becoming an increasingly important and popular way for individual<br />
households to reduce their CO 2<br />
emissions and energy bills. Micro-generation technologies<br />
can be split into two main categories: technologies which generate electricity or heat from<br />
a renewable energy resource (such as wind or solar energy) and the technologies that<br />
can enhance the efficiency <strong>of</strong> energy generation and can be generated close to the<br />
consumer. The Energy Act 2004 defines ‘micro-generation’ as being the generation <strong>of</strong><br />
electricity or the production <strong>of</strong> heat in any plant which relies wholly or mainly on a source<br />
<strong>of</strong> energy or a technology listed below, and the capacity <strong>of</strong> which is less than 45 kilowatts<br />
(kW) <strong>of</strong> heat or 50kW <strong>of</strong> electricity. This generally includes: biomass, bi<strong>of</strong>uels, fuel cells,<br />
photovoltaics, water, wind, solar power, geothermal sources, combined heat and power<br />
sources and air source heat pumps. However, there are some types <strong>of</strong> technology that<br />
are not very effective or appropriate in <strong>Islington</strong> given its dense urban setting.<br />
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2.0.32 The council encourages everyone to minimise their use <strong>of</strong> fossil fuel and reduce their<br />
energy use (see chapter 3 for policies covering the requirements for CO 2<br />
and use <strong>of</strong><br />
renewable energy in developments). However, some micro-generation equipment can be<br />
visually intrusive and damage the character <strong>of</strong> a building and area. While there may be<br />
occasions when climate change objectives conflict with conservation <strong>of</strong> heritage assets,<br />
many opportunities exist for enhancing energy efficiency, use <strong>of</strong> renewable energy and<br />
improved adaptation to climate change in historic buildings without negatively impacting<br />
on their heritage value.<br />
Policy DM 9<br />
Micro-generation<br />
A. Installation <strong>of</strong> micro-generation equipment is required to:<br />
i) be designed sensitively to fit with the appearance <strong>of</strong> the existing building; and<br />
ii) avoid having a significant detrimental impact on the character or appearance <strong>of</strong> buildings<br />
and their surroundings, or conservation area or other heritage asset, and<br />
iii)<br />
not harm the historic fabric <strong>of</strong> listed building and the work be reversible.<br />
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3 Managing Environmental Resources<br />
3 Managing Environmental Resources<br />
3.0.1 The Core Strategy promotes environmentally sustainable design, including through zero<br />
carbon development, water efficiency, ecological enhancement, sustainable drainage,<br />
sustainable materials and the sustainable operation <strong>of</strong> developments. This section provides<br />
further details to supplement and implement the over-arching Core Strategy policy.<br />
3.0.2 The <strong>Council</strong>'s Sustainable Design SPD sets-out further detail regarding the operation <strong>of</strong><br />
the policies in this section.<br />
3.0.3 The council will review the requirements <strong>of</strong> the policies in this section and shall, where<br />
appropriate, up-date the requirements within a revised Sustainable Design SPD or other<br />
SPD.<br />
Implementing Core Strategy Policy<br />
This chapter helps implement the following Core Strategy <strong>Policies</strong>:<br />
Policy 10 Sustainable Design, Policy 15 Open Space and Green Infrastructure<br />
Policy DM 10<br />
Sustainable Design and Construction Statements<br />
A. <strong>Development</strong> proposals are required to integrate best practice sustainable design<br />
standards, during design, construction and operation <strong>of</strong> the development.<br />
B. Developers (excluding applications for those applications considered to have no significant<br />
sustainability implications - see note 1 ) are required to submit a Sustainable Design and<br />
Construction Statement. The Statement should clearly set out how the application complies<br />
with relevant local, regional and national sustainable design and construction policies and<br />
guidance. The Statement shall include, where relevant, an Energy Statement demonstrating<br />
how the application complies with Core Strategy CO 2<br />
reduction targets , and a BREEAM /<br />
Code for Sustainable Homes pre-assessment.<br />
C. Applications for those types <strong>of</strong> development excluded from Part B <strong>of</strong> this policy shall<br />
include details <strong>of</strong> sustainable design and construction considerations to a level <strong>of</strong> detail<br />
appropriate to the development.<br />
D. Applications for major developments are required to submit a Green Performance Plan<br />
detailing measurable outputs for the occupied building, particularly for energy consumption,<br />
CO 2<br />
emissions and water use, and should set out arrangements for monitoring the progress<br />
<strong>of</strong> the plan over the first years <strong>of</strong> occupancy, as well as arrangements for enforcement in the<br />
event that agreed objectives are not met.<br />
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E. Developers are required to support monitoring <strong>of</strong> the implementation <strong>of</strong> the Sustainable<br />
Design and Construction Statement, Green Performance Plan and/or other submitted details<br />
<strong>of</strong> sustainable design and construction considerations, by allowing council <strong>of</strong>ficers access to<br />
the development, submitting information to the council when requested, and through a financial<br />
contribution towards the council's monitoring costs.<br />
3.0.4 Note 1 : Policy DM10 B does not apply to those householder applications, minor changes<br />
<strong>of</strong> use, extensions <strong>of</strong> less than 100m 2 and minor works, where there will be no new units,<br />
no intensification and no significant sustainable design and construction impacts.<br />
3.0.5 The Sustainable Design and Construction Statement may be included within the Design<br />
and Access Statement, provided all necessary information is included and clearly stated,<br />
or it may be submitted as a separate document.<br />
3.0.6 Minimum information requirements for the Statement, including which documents within<br />
the Statement are relevant to specific application types, will be set out within the Sustainable<br />
Design Supplementary Planning Document (SPD) and adopted within the council’s local<br />
validation requirements. Information supplied should be proportional to the scale <strong>of</strong><br />
proposed development and allow the council to fully assess the proposals against relevant<br />
planning policies.<br />
3.0.7 Surveys <strong>of</strong> recently completed buildings reveal substantial gaps between client and design<br />
expectations and delivered performance, especially energy performance. To close this<br />
gap Policy DM10 requires that all major developments should provide a ‘Green Performance<br />
Plan’ developed in consultation with the council. Based on the model provided by the<br />
Green Travel Plan, the Green Performance Plan should specify measurable outputs for<br />
the occupied building, particularly for energy consumption, CO 2<br />
emissions and water use,<br />
and should set out arrangements for monitoring the progress <strong>of</strong> the plan over the first<br />
years <strong>of</strong> occupancy (e.g. using annual meter readings or Display Energy Certificates), as<br />
well as the arrangements for enforcement in the event that agreed objectives are not met.<br />
Further guidance on Green Performance Plans is provided in the Sustainable Design SPD.<br />
3.0.8 Monitoring costs will be based on <strong>of</strong>ficer time required to undertake the monitoring. Further<br />
details in relation to monitoring will be set out in the Sustainable Design SPD.<br />
Policy DM 11<br />
Sustainable materials, waste minimisation and construction impacts<br />
A. Applications for major developments are required to include a Green Procurement Plan<br />
detailing how materials have been selected to minimise environmental impacts over their<br />
lifecycle. <strong>Development</strong>s that involve significant use <strong>of</strong> concrete are required to submit an<br />
assessment <strong>of</strong> the feasibility <strong>of</strong> using low-impact forms <strong>of</strong> concrete, as part <strong>of</strong> the Green<br />
Procurement Plan.<br />
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B. Major developments are required to score a minimum number <strong>of</strong> BREEAM / Code for<br />
Sustainable Homes credits on materials and waste:<br />
i) Schemes assessed under BREEAM should achieve 2 out <strong>of</strong> 4 credits on Mat 1 (Materials<br />
Specification) and 1 out <strong>of</strong> 3 credits on Mat 5 (Responsible Sourcing) and 2 out <strong>of</strong> 4 credits<br />
(or 1 out <strong>of</strong> 4 credits in the case <strong>of</strong> major fit out schemes) on BREEAM Wst 1 (Waste).<br />
ii) Schemes assessed under the Code for Sustainable Homes should achieve 8 out <strong>of</strong> 15<br />
credits on Mat 1, and 3 out <strong>of</strong> 6 credits on Mat 2 (Responsible Sourcing <strong>of</strong> Materials – Basic<br />
Building Elements) and 1 out <strong>of</strong> 3 credits on Mat 3 (Responsible Sourcing <strong>of</strong> Materials –<br />
Finishing Elements) and 2 out <strong>of</strong> 2 credits on Code for Sustainable Homes Was 2 (Waste).<br />
iii) As a minimum, 10% <strong>of</strong> the total value <strong>of</strong> materials used should derive from recycled and<br />
reused content in the products and materials selected.<br />
C. Applications for minor developments (excluding those considered to have no significant<br />
sustainability implications - see note 1 ) are required to include details <strong>of</strong> how materials have<br />
been selected to minimise environmental impacts over the lifecycle <strong>of</strong> the building and how<br />
construction waste has been minimised.<br />
D. All developments are required to comply with <strong>Islington</strong>'s Code <strong>of</strong> Practice for Construction<br />
Sites.<br />
3.0.9 Note 1 : Policy DM11 C does not apply to those householder applications, minor changes<br />
<strong>of</strong> use, extensions or less than 100m 2 and minor works, where there will be no new units,<br />
no intensification and no significant construction works.<br />
3.0.10 The principles <strong>of</strong> this policy have already been set out in CS Policy 10F which requires all<br />
development to minimise the environmental impact <strong>of</strong> materials, for example through use<br />
<strong>of</strong> sustainably-sourced, low impact and recycled materials, and to take all possible<br />
measures to minimise the impact <strong>of</strong> construction on the environment, including by<br />
minimising construction waste.<br />
3.0.11 The policy aims to ensure developments address the environmental impacts <strong>of</strong> material<br />
use. In order to avoid duplication the policy adopts the approach used by BREEAM and<br />
the Code for Sustainable Homes, requiring a certain number <strong>of</strong> credits under relevant<br />
parts to ensure a good practice approach. Low-impact forms <strong>of</strong> concrete such as those<br />
which incorporate slag cement or recycled aggregates are also promoted to reduce the<br />
significant environmental impact associated with this material. Minimum information<br />
requirements for the Green Procurement Plan will be set out within the Sustainable Design<br />
SPD.<br />
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Policy DM 12<br />
Carbon Dioxide reduction targets<br />
A. <strong>Development</strong>s are required to achieve best practice energy efficiency standards, in terms<br />
<strong>of</strong> design and specification.<br />
B. Minor new build residential developments <strong>of</strong> one unit or more are required to achieve an<br />
on-site reduction in regulated CO 2<br />
emissions <strong>of</strong> at least 25% in comparison with regulated<br />
emissions from a building which complies with Building Regulations Part L 2010 (equivalent<br />
to Code for Sustainable Homes level 4), unless it can be demonstrated that such provision is<br />
not feasible. From 2013 this target will be a 47% on-site reduction in regulated CO 2<br />
emissions<br />
in comparison with regulated emissions from a building which complies with Building<br />
Regulations Part L 2010, unless it can be demonstrated that such provision is not feasible.<br />
C. Minor non-residential developments (excluding those considered to have no significant<br />
sustainability implications - see note 1 ) are required to achieve an on-site reduction in regulated<br />
CO 2<br />
emissions <strong>of</strong> at least 16% in comparison with regulated emissions from a building which<br />
complies with Building Regulations Part L 2010, unless it can be demonstrated that such<br />
provision is not feasible. This requirement will be reviewed and revised in relation to the<br />
national zero-carbon trajectory.<br />
D. All remaining emissions from minor residential developments and all remaining regulated<br />
emissions from non-residential developments, not dealt with by on-site measures, (excluding<br />
those application types to which the above policies do not apply and conversions <strong>of</strong> existing<br />
buildings to residential) will be <strong>of</strong>f-set. <strong>Development</strong>s will be required to pay the full cost <strong>of</strong><br />
CO 2<br />
<strong>of</strong>f-setting, unless it can be demonstrated that this is not feasible, in which case the<br />
maximum feasible payment for <strong>of</strong>f-setting will be required.<br />
E. Minor conversions <strong>of</strong> existing buildings into residential flats and changes <strong>of</strong> use are required<br />
to deliver a significant improvement to energy efficiency, by incorporating the following energy<br />
efficiency measures:<br />
(i)<br />
where no significant works to the building fabric are proposed:<br />
- l<strong>of</strong>t insulation (where l<strong>of</strong>ts exist and 250mm <strong>of</strong> insulation is not currently present)<br />
- cavity wall insulation (where cavities exist and are not already filled)<br />
- heating controls upgrade (to provide a programmable timer, room thermostat and<br />
thermostatic radiator valves, where these are not already installed)<br />
- double or secondary glazing<br />
- provision <strong>of</strong> A-rated boilers (where existing boilers are D-rated, or lower, and where new<br />
and/or additional boilers are required)<br />
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- other minor measures, such as draft pro<strong>of</strong>ing and energy efficient lighting<br />
(ii) where the scheme involves substantial works to the existing building, such as the external<br />
fabric:<br />
- all <strong>of</strong> the above measures, and<br />
- solid wall insulation (where no cavities exist)<br />
F. Proposals not covered by the above policies, including householder applications and<br />
other minor extensions <strong>of</strong> less than 100m 2 , will be encouraged to apply cost-effective energy<br />
efficiency measures to the existing property, where practical, in addition to requirements<br />
applicable to the extension itself.<br />
3.0.12 Note 1 : Policy DM 12 C does not apply to those minor changes <strong>of</strong> use, extensions <strong>of</strong> less<br />
than 100m 2 and minor works, where there will be no new units, no intensification and no<br />
significant construction works or changes to the building fabric.<br />
3.0.13 The cumulative impact <strong>of</strong> minor schemes on climate change is likely to be significant. This<br />
policy will ensure minor schemes maximise levels <strong>of</strong> energy efficiency and achieve the<br />
highest viable levels <strong>of</strong> CO 2<br />
reduction.<br />
3.0.14 The design <strong>of</strong> proposals is required to take account <strong>of</strong> a range <strong>of</strong> factors, including building<br />
shape, orientation, insulation, glazing, air-tightness, ventilation, heating and lighting. Best<br />
practice standards to be achieved will be set out in the Sustainable Design SPD and any<br />
amendment to and / or replacement <strong>of</strong> this document, and in any additional guidance<br />
issued.<br />
3.0.15 Parts B and C <strong>of</strong> the policy establish standards considered to be viable in minor schemes,<br />
following detailed feasibility testing. In cases where compliance with CO 2<br />
emissions targets<br />
is argued not to be feasible, this will be assessed based upon a range <strong>of</strong> factors, including<br />
technical considerations and financial viability. All remaining emissions are required to<br />
be <strong>of</strong>f set: this includes the remaining regulated CO 2<br />
emissions not eliminated through<br />
on-site measures, all unregulated emissions for minor residential schemes and unregulated<br />
emissions for minor non-residential schemes. The <strong>of</strong>f-setting <strong>of</strong> regulated emissions only<br />
for non-residential schemes is due to the energy usage <strong>of</strong> many non-residential uses and<br />
the viability <strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong>f-setting, based on the policy evidence base.<br />
3.0.16 Conversions <strong>of</strong> properties to residential flats and some changes <strong>of</strong> use result in an<br />
increased carbon footprint due to increased occupancy. Part E <strong>of</strong> this policy will minimise<br />
the impact <strong>of</strong> conversions in terms <strong>of</strong> CO 2<br />
and energy use, without a significant impact on<br />
development viability.<br />
3.0.17 Extensions to properties result in an increased carbon footprint, due to the increased<br />
surface area <strong>of</strong> the property, increased heating and lighting requirements, and the ability<br />
<strong>of</strong> the property to accommodate a greater number <strong>of</strong> occupants. Part F <strong>of</strong> this policy seeks<br />
to minimise the impact <strong>of</strong> extensions and to achieve as close to zero carbon as possible,<br />
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without imposing undue cost burdens on applicants. In addition to high sustainable building<br />
standards for the extension, applying measures to the existing building is a cost-effective<br />
means to reduce carbon emissions.<br />
3.0.18 The council will recommend energy efficiency measures for extensions, which can be<br />
applied to existing properties to mitigate the impact <strong>of</strong> extensions, within the Sustainable<br />
Design SPD. These measures will have a pay-back period <strong>of</strong> no more than 5 years and<br />
will cost no more than 5% <strong>of</strong> the build costs <strong>of</strong> the proposed extension.<br />
Policy DM 13<br />
Decentralised Energy<br />
A. All major developments are required to be designed to be able to connect to a Decentralised<br />
Energy Network (DEN). Minor developments should be designed to be able to connect wherever<br />
reasonably possible.<br />
B. Major developments located within 500 metres <strong>of</strong> an existing DEN, and minor<br />
developments located within 100 metres, will be required to connect to that network, including<br />
provision <strong>of</strong> the means to connect to that network and a reasonable financial contribution to<br />
the connection charge, unless a feasibility assessment demonstrates that connection is not<br />
reasonably possible.<br />
C. Major developments located within 500 metres <strong>of</strong> a safeguarded future DEN, which is<br />
considered by the council likely to be operational within 3 years <strong>of</strong> a grant <strong>of</strong> planning<br />
permission, will be required to provide a means to connect to that network and developers<br />
shall provide a reasonable financial contribution for the future cost <strong>of</strong> connection and a<br />
commitment to connect via a legal agreement or contract, unless a feasibility assessment<br />
demonstrates that connection is not reasonably possible.<br />
D. Where connection to an existing or future DEN is not possible, as per the criteria above<br />
and within the supporting text, major developments should develop and/or connect to a Shared<br />
Heating Network (SHN) linking neighbouring developments and/or existing buildings, and/or<br />
a Combined Heat and Power plant (CHP), unless it can be demonstrated that this is not<br />
reasonably possible.<br />
E. Where developments connect to a DEN or SHN, the network shall be used as the main<br />
energy source for the lifetime <strong>of</strong> the development.<br />
F. Where connection to an existing or future DEN is deemed possible under the above policy,<br />
major developments are required to detail a preferred energy strategy and an alternative<br />
energy strategy within their Energy Statements. The preferred energy strategy shall be based<br />
on connection to a Decentralised Energy Network, and detail at least a 50% reduction in CO 2<br />
,<br />
compared with total emissions from a building that complies with 2006 Building Regulations<br />
Part L. The alternative energy strategy shall detail at least a 40% reduction, and is based on<br />
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no connection to a Decentralised Energy Network. The preferred energy strategy shall be<br />
enacted, unless it is not reasonably possible to connect to a Decentralised Energy Network,<br />
in which case the alternative energy strategy shall be enacted.<br />
3.0.19 Part A <strong>of</strong> the policy requires developments to have the ability to connect to a DEN, which<br />
means that developments have the ability to be connected to a network if/when such a<br />
network becomes available in the future, rather than necessarily connecting at the time<br />
<strong>of</strong> construction. Whether minor developments can reasonably be designed to be able to<br />
connect to a DEN will be assessed by the council, taking into account a range <strong>of</strong> factors,<br />
including size, location, use and design <strong>of</strong> the development. Specific design standards<br />
to enable connection and future connection will be set out in the Sustainable Design SPD.<br />
3.0.20 All developments within 500 metres <strong>of</strong> an existing or planned DEN, or minor developments<br />
within 100 metres <strong>of</strong> an existing network, are required to submit a feasibility assessment<br />
<strong>of</strong> connection to that network, to determine whether connection is reasonably possible.<br />
The council, or relevant Energy Service Company, will provide relevant information to<br />
inform the feasibility assessment, including an assessment <strong>of</strong> the approximate cost <strong>of</strong><br />
connection. Where connection is not considered technically possible or is not considered<br />
possible for non-technical reasons, including financial viability, the alternative energy<br />
strategy is required to be enacted. Feasibility assessments should consider a range <strong>of</strong><br />
factors, including:<br />
d. the size <strong>of</strong> the development, and the heat load and energy demands;<br />
e. the distance to network pipes;<br />
f. physical barriers e.g. roads and railways, and<br />
g. other developments in the vicinity that may also be required to connect to the network.<br />
3.0.21 Where connection to a network is deemed to be reasonably possible, the anticipated CO 2<br />
reductions to be achieved by connection to the network shall contribute to the total CO 2<br />
reduction target, which shall be at least 50%, compared with total emissions from a building<br />
that complies with 2006 Building Regulations Part L. The CO 2<br />
reductions anticipated from<br />
connection shall be assessed and agreed by the council. Other measures proposed to<br />
contribute to the relevant CO 2<br />
reduction target shall be complementary with network<br />
connection technologies and/or with SHN and/or CHP technologies, in order to achieve<br />
maximum reasonable carbon dioxide reductions.<br />
3.0.22 Where connection is not considered reasonably possible, due to technical or non-technical<br />
reasons, including financial viability, an alternative energy strategy is required to be enacted.<br />
This strategy should achieve at least a 40% reduction in CO 2<br />
emissions, compared with<br />
total emissions from a building that complies with 2006 Building Regulations Part L.<br />
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3.0.23 The Core Strategy evidence base includes an assessment <strong>of</strong> the financial viability <strong>of</strong><br />
achieving a 40% reduction in CO 2<br />
emissions without connection as well as a 50% reduction<br />
in CO 2<br />
emissions with connection. This research found that both scenarios are likely to<br />
be financially viable; however, where it can be demonstrated that the cost <strong>of</strong> an energy<br />
strategy involving connection to a network to achieve a 50% reduction in CO 2<br />
emissions<br />
significantly exceeds the cost <strong>of</strong> achieving a 40% CO 2<br />
reduction without connection and<br />
that this presents issues with financial viability, this will be taken into account in assessing<br />
the feasibility <strong>of</strong> network connection.<br />
3.0.24 Where connection is feasible to an existing or future DEN, developers are required to<br />
commit to connection via a legal agreement; this will include provision for a financial<br />
payment to the council to enable connection. Within the legal agreement a cut-<strong>of</strong>f point<br />
will be defined, which will be the latest point at which a decision can be made in relation<br />
to network connection, and which shall be specified in the Sustainable Design SPD. If at<br />
this time it is not possible to agree connection to a network, due to the network being<br />
incomplete, the alternative energy strategy will be enacted.<br />
3.0.25 Where connection to an existing or planned decentralised energy network is not possible,<br />
all major developments should fully explore any opportunities to support the establishment<br />
<strong>of</strong> new decentralised energy networks through developing SHN with neighbouring existing<br />
buildings or new developments and take action to deliver these wherever feasible. Such<br />
shared networks are likely to be more efficient and may enable use <strong>of</strong> low or zero carbon<br />
technologies, such as CHP.<br />
3.0.26 Whether development <strong>of</strong> or connection to a SHN and/or CHP is reasonably possible will<br />
be assessed by the council, based on a range <strong>of</strong> factors, including:<br />
1. the size and nature <strong>of</strong> the heat load within the development and neighbouring<br />
communally heated sites;<br />
2. the distance between the sites;<br />
3. any physical barriers e.g. roads and railways;<br />
4. the practicality <strong>of</strong> connection, including willingness <strong>of</strong> existing building owners, timing<br />
<strong>of</strong> schemes and any other legal or management issues, and<br />
5. the carbon reduction likely from such a connection, including the feasibility <strong>of</strong> use <strong>of</strong><br />
low or zero carbon technologies, such as CHP.<br />
3.0.27 Where a SHN and/or CHP connection is created any CO 2<br />
reductions achieved by the<br />
development site, or by existing buildings which are connected to the network as a result<br />
<strong>of</strong> the development, shall contribute to the achievement <strong>of</strong> the development's minimum<br />
40% total CO 2<br />
reduction target, in comparison to a building which meets Part L Building<br />
Regulations 2006.<br />
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3.0.28 All financial sums shall be paid to the council and index-linked. Reasonable legal fees<br />
will also be payable.<br />
Policy DM 14<br />
Sustainable Design Standards<br />
A. New-build residential developments are required to achieve the following standards under<br />
the Code for Sustainable Homes, or equivalent:<br />
(i) up to 2012 - Level 4<br />
(ii) 2013 to 2015 - Level 5<br />
(iii) 2016 onwards - Level 6<br />
B. Major residential developments consisting <strong>of</strong> the refurbishment <strong>of</strong> existing buildings,<br />
including the conversion <strong>of</strong> existing buildings to form flats, are required to achieve EcoHomes<br />
Excellent, or equivalent.<br />
C. Major non-residential developments are required to achieve the following standards under<br />
the relevant BREEAM or equivalent scheme:<br />
(i)<br />
(ii)<br />
up to 2015 - Excellent<br />
2016 onwards - Outstanding<br />
3.0.29 The Code for Sustainable Homes (CsH) is the national standard for the sustainable design<br />
and construction <strong>of</strong> new homes. The Building Research Establishment Environmental<br />
Assessment Methodology (BREEAM) tools provide a nationally-recognised sustainable<br />
design standard for all other types <strong>of</strong> development, including refurbished homes which is<br />
covered by EcoHomes. These standards provide a widely recognised and well understood<br />
framework for the promotion <strong>of</strong> sustainable design, incorporating categories such as<br />
energy, CO2, water, materials, drainage, waste, pollution, health and well-being,<br />
management and ecology.<br />
3.0.30 The LDF evidence base demonstrates that CsH level 4 for all major and minor new build<br />
residential schemes and BREEAM Excellent for major non-residential schemes is currently<br />
achievable in the borough; in fact suggesting that energy standards above this level are<br />
already achievable for major schemes. It is therefore considered that target levels <strong>of</strong> these<br />
standards can be improved slightly ahead <strong>of</strong> the government's zero-carbon trajectory, as<br />
set out in the above policy. By 2016, the requirement <strong>of</strong> this policy for CSH will converge<br />
with those <strong>of</strong> the zero-carbon trajectory.<br />
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Policy DM 15<br />
Water efficiency standards for non residential developments<br />
A. Applications for non-residential developments are required to include information to<br />
demonstration that water efficiency has been maximised.<br />
B. Non-residential developments (excluding those considered to have no significant<br />
sustainability implications - see note 1 ) are required to achieve 3 out <strong>of</strong> 3 credits for water<br />
efficiency in the relevant BREEAM scheme and/or use less than 1.5m 3 <strong>of</strong> water per person<br />
per year unless it is demonstrated that this is not reasonably possible.<br />
C. Where it is demonstrated that (i) is not reasonably possible, developments (subject to<br />
the above exclusions) are required to achieve at least 2 out <strong>of</strong> 3 credits for water in the relevant<br />
BREEAM scheme, limit water use as much as reasonably possible and/or use less than 4.4m 3<br />
<strong>of</strong> water per person per year.<br />
Should BREEAM be replaced or amended during the lifetime <strong>of</strong> the plan, the replacement<br />
requirements will be applied by the council.<br />
3.0.31 Note 1 : Policy DM15 B does not apply to those changes <strong>of</strong> use, extensions <strong>of</strong> less than<br />
100m 2 and minor works, where there will be no new units, no intensification and no<br />
significant water consumption impacts.<br />
3.0.32 The Environment Agency has defined <strong>Islington</strong> as an area <strong>of</strong> serious water stress due to<br />
a combination <strong>of</strong> consumption rates, population forecasts and water availability. Additional<br />
growth in housing and non-residential floorspace will put significant additional pressure<br />
on water resources. <strong>Islington</strong> lies in an area which already has fewer water resources<br />
available in a dry year than the total household and non-household demand. Policy DM<br />
15 aims to set stretching but achievable standards which will minimise water use from<br />
non-residential developments and contribute to reduced demand from new development<br />
in <strong>Islington</strong>. Standards for residential developments are set out within the Core Strategy.<br />
Policy DM 16<br />
Heating and cooling<br />
A. Developers are required to demonstrate how the proposed design has maximised<br />
incorporation <strong>of</strong> passive design measures to control heat gain and to deliver passive cooling,<br />
following the cooling hierarchy, below:<br />
i) Passive design to minimise unwanted heat gain and manage heat<br />
ii)<br />
Passive/natural cooling<br />
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iii) Mixed-mode cooling, with local mechanical ventilation / cooling provided where required<br />
to supplement the above measures using (in order <strong>of</strong> preference) low energy mechanical<br />
cooling followed by air conditioning<br />
iv) Full-building mechanical ventilation / cooling systems using (in order <strong>of</strong> preference) low<br />
energy mechanical cooling followed by air conditioning<br />
B. Measures at the highest possible level <strong>of</strong> the above cooling hierarchy shall be utilised to<br />
the fullest extent possible before the next level <strong>of</strong> the hierarchy is utilised. Each successive<br />
level shall be utilised as fully as possible before the subsequent level is utilised. The use <strong>of</strong><br />
technologies from lower levels <strong>of</strong> the hierarchy shall not be supported unless evidence is<br />
provided that clearly demonstrates that technologies from higher levels <strong>of</strong> the hierarchy cannot<br />
deliver sufficient heat control.<br />
C. Applications for major developments and all developments above 100m 2 in the CAZ are<br />
required to include details <strong>of</strong> temperature modelling under projected increased future<br />
temperatures, and to demonstrate that the proposed design has maximised passive design<br />
and passive cooling measures.<br />
3.0.33 The UK Climate Impacts Programme 2009 projections suggest that by the 2080’s the UK<br />
is likely to experience summer temperatures that are up to 4.2°C higher than they are<br />
today. In dense urban areas such as <strong>Islington</strong>, the Urban Heat Island Effect<br />
3.0.34 The Urban Heat Island Effect(UHIE) could intensify these increases leading to temperatures<br />
that are as much as 9°C higher than the outskirts <strong>of</strong> London. Ensuring buildings are<br />
designed and constructed to be comfortable in higher temperatures, without resorting to<br />
energy intensive air conditioning, is crucial. This will be particularly important in the densest<br />
parts <strong>of</strong> <strong>Islington</strong> within the Central Activity Zone (CAZ).<br />
3.0.35 The hierarchy within the policy requires developments to incorporate measures which will<br />
ensure adaptation to rising summer temperatures, while minimising energy intensive<br />
cooling. Modelling <strong>of</strong> larger developments and those in the CAZ under predicted future<br />
temperatures is required to ensure buildings are fully adapted to the changing climate.<br />
Detailed requirements for modelling will be set out in the Sustainable Design SPD.<br />
3.0.36 Passive design may include building orientation, shading, high levels <strong>of</strong> thermal mass,<br />
and energy efficient lighting and appliances. Passive / natural cooling may include<br />
maximising cross-ventilation, use <strong>of</strong> passive stack ventilation, and night-time purging.<br />
3.0.37 Information submitted in relation to this policy may be submitted within the Design and<br />
Access Statement, or may be submitted within a separate Sustainable Design and<br />
Construction document.<br />
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Policy DM 17<br />
Sustainable Drainage<br />
A. Applications for major developments are required to include details to demonstrate that<br />
Sustainable Drainage Systems (SUDs) have been incorporated and meet the following design<br />
standards:<br />
i) Quantity: schemes should be designed to reduce flows to ‘greenfield rate’ <strong>of</strong> run-<strong>of</strong>f (8<br />
litres/second/hectare for <strong>Islington</strong>), where feasible. The volume <strong>of</strong> run-<strong>of</strong>f to be stored on site<br />
should be based on the nationally agreed return period value <strong>of</strong> a 1 in 100 years flood plus<br />
a 30% allowance for climate change for the worst storm duration. Where it is demonstrated<br />
that a greenfield run-<strong>of</strong>f rate is not feasible, run<strong>of</strong>f rates should be minimised as far as possible.<br />
The maximum permitted run<strong>of</strong>f rate will be 50 litres/second/hectare.<br />
ii) Quality: the design should follow the SUDS ‘management train’, maximise source control,<br />
provide the relevant number <strong>of</strong> ‘treatment stages’ and identify how the ‘first flush’ will be dealt<br />
with.<br />
iii) Amenity and biodiversity: the design must maximise amenity and biodiversity benefits,<br />
while ensuring flow and volumes <strong>of</strong> run-<strong>of</strong>f entering public open space are predictable and<br />
water at the surface is clean and safe. Schemes should maximise areas <strong>of</strong> landscaping and/or<br />
other permeable surfaces to support this.<br />
B. All minor developments are required to reduce existing run-<strong>of</strong>f levels as far as possible,<br />
and as a minimum maintain existing run-<strong>of</strong>f levels, including through the incorporation <strong>of</strong><br />
SUDS.<br />
C. <strong>Development</strong>s may be required to make contributions to addressing surface water flood<br />
risk, particularly where they are located in areas considered at high risk <strong>of</strong> surface water<br />
flooding and in exceptional cases where the SUDS quantity standards cannot be achieved<br />
on site.<br />
3.0.38 Sustainable Drainage Systems (SUDS) are an important tool in addressing <strong>Islington</strong>’s<br />
surface water flood risk, which is predicted to rise as climate change increases the<br />
frequency <strong>of</strong> heavy rainfall and as ongoing development and intensification <strong>of</strong> the borough<br />
increases the volume <strong>of</strong> waste and surface water draining to the combined sewer.<br />
3.0.39 SUDS manage run<strong>of</strong>f from development in an integrated way to reduce the quantity <strong>of</strong><br />
water entering drains, especially at peak periods, to improve the quality <strong>of</strong> run<strong>of</strong>f and<br />
promote amenity and biodiversity benefits from using water in the urban environment.<br />
SUDS also reduce the need for expensive conventional drainage systems, and thus can<br />
provide cost savings. Policy DM17 sets out the quantity, quality and amenity/biodiversity<br />
standards that SUDS are expected to achieve in the borough.<br />
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3.0.40 The policy aims to reduce run<strong>of</strong>f rates from all developments to limit flood risk, with a<br />
particular focus on major schemes where run<strong>of</strong>f rates should be restricted to a ‘greenfield<br />
rate’ <strong>of</strong> run<strong>of</strong>f. On sites where it can be demonstrated that this is not possible, a higher<br />
rate <strong>of</strong> run<strong>of</strong>f, as set out in the policy, may be agreed with the <strong>Council</strong> and regulators. It<br />
also sets out a required storage volume, which should be equivalent to the largest peak<br />
flow expected within a 1 in 100 year (plus 30% allowance for climate change) return period.<br />
3.0.41 Quality standards are based on a qualitative assessment <strong>of</strong> the SUDS ‘management train’,<br />
which sets out how run<strong>of</strong>f should be managed using a sequence <strong>of</strong> techniques that control<br />
and clean flow as it passes from one stage to the next. The SUDS management train<br />
involves prevention, source controls, site controls and regional controls. Source control is<br />
critical in an urban environment like <strong>Islington</strong> and should be incorporated on all schemes.<br />
Volumes that cannot be managed ‘at source’, flow slowly to storage or ‘site control’ features<br />
within the development.<br />
3.0.42 Amenity and biodiversity benefits, such as those listed below, should be maximised on all<br />
schemes:<br />
attractive, safe SUDS features which make use <strong>of</strong> clean water at the surface to<br />
enhance landscape design and create a sense <strong>of</strong> place<br />
provision <strong>of</strong> multi-functional spaces such as sport, recreational and wildlife areas<br />
creation <strong>of</strong> ecological habitats such as ponds, wetlands and other planted areas<br />
enhanced wellbeing and educational opportunities as the water cycle is made a part<br />
<strong>of</strong> people’s everyday lives<br />
water reuse opportunities, from naturally watered landscapes to rainwater recycling<br />
well designed SUDS details including rills, channels, canals, spouts, cascades and<br />
pools<br />
visually acceptable and safe inlets, outlets and control structures<br />
3.0.43 Minor schemes will be expected to show that they have utilised all available techniques<br />
to avoid increasing run<strong>of</strong>f and to reduce it as far as possible, this will include:<br />
maximising area <strong>of</strong> green ro<strong>of</strong>s, particularly on new buildings;<br />
maximising areas <strong>of</strong> s<strong>of</strong>t landscaping;<br />
ensuring all hard surfaces are permeable or drain into permeable features, and<br />
making use <strong>of</strong> other SUDS techniques as appropriate, for example swales and rain<br />
gardens.<br />
3.0.44 Treatment stages refers to improvements to water quality, by physical, chemical and / or<br />
biological means, to remove contaminants. First flush is the initial run-<strong>of</strong>f from the site,<br />
following a rainfall event. First flush can carry pollutants, which require treatment.<br />
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Policy DM 18<br />
Landscaping and Biodiversity<br />
A. <strong>Development</strong>s are required to maximise the provision <strong>of</strong> green ro<strong>of</strong>s and the greening<br />
<strong>of</strong> vertical surfaces as far as reasonably possible. New-build developments, and all major<br />
applications, are required to use all available ro<strong>of</strong> space for green ro<strong>of</strong>s, subject to other<br />
planning considerations.<br />
B. Green ro<strong>of</strong>s are required to maximise benefits for biodiversity, sustainable drainage and<br />
cooling. Green ro<strong>of</strong>s are required to have a substrate depth <strong>of</strong> 80-150mm, unless it can be<br />
demonstrated that this is not reasonably possible. The substrate depth should be varied within<br />
this range to maximise biodiversity benefits.<br />
C. <strong>Development</strong>s are required to contribute to and enhance the landscape, biodiversity<br />
value and growing conditions <strong>of</strong> the development site and surrounding area, including<br />
connectivity between habitats. All developments are required to maximise the provision <strong>of</strong><br />
s<strong>of</strong>t landscaping, including trees, shrubs and other vegetation, as far as reasonably possible<br />
and maximise biodiversity benefits, including through the incorporation <strong>of</strong> wildlife habitats that<br />
complement surrounding habitats and support the <strong>Council</strong>'s Biodiversity Action Plan. The<br />
Landscape Plan (see policy DM2) is required to demonstrate the following:<br />
i) the response to any locally specific guidance, including open space and public realm<br />
strategies, masterplans and any other relevant guidance;<br />
ii) the ecological benefits <strong>of</strong> the landscape design and species used for planting, which are<br />
required to ensure that biodiversity is maximised in response to the site context (including<br />
connectivity between habitats) and in accordance with any surveys undertaken and the council's<br />
Biodiversity Action Plan;<br />
iii) the response to the potential impacts <strong>of</strong> climate change, including how the landscape<br />
design and planting minimises water use and responds to projected future increases in<br />
temperatures;<br />
iv) the provision <strong>of</strong> artificial habitat, such as bird and bat boxes;<br />
v) a consideration <strong>of</strong> the potential use <strong>of</strong> any open space for community food growing;<br />
vi) the relationship <strong>of</strong> landscaping with on-site play space, private outside space and public<br />
open space, where relevant;<br />
vii) the provision <strong>of</strong> large, shade providing tree species (including space for these trees to<br />
mature) and other landscape measures to reduce overheating <strong>of</strong> the development, subject to<br />
natural daylight considerations;<br />
viii) the incorporation <strong>of</strong> Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) within the landscape;<br />
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ix) the incorporation <strong>of</strong> inclusive landscape design, in accordance with the council's Inclusive<br />
Landscape Design SPD, and<br />
x) the incorporation <strong>of</strong> management and maintenance considerations for the lifetime <strong>of</strong> the<br />
development.<br />
D. Developers are required to submit a management and maintenance plan, for the lifetime<br />
<strong>of</strong> the development.<br />
E. Trees, shrubs and other vegetation <strong>of</strong> landscape and/or environmental significance are<br />
required to be considered holistically as part <strong>of</strong> the landscaping and biodiversity approach to<br />
development. The following requirements shall be adhered to:<br />
i) <strong>Development</strong>s are required to minimise any impacts on trees, shrubs and other significant<br />
vegetation and their future cultivation to acceptable levels, including through the provision <strong>of</strong><br />
sufficient space for the crowns and root systems <strong>of</strong> existing and proposed trees and their<br />
future growth.<br />
ii) Any loss <strong>of</strong> or damage to trees and shrubs and other significant vegetation, or adverse<br />
effects on their growing conditions, is required to be agreed with the council and compensated<br />
for by suitable re-provision. <strong>Development</strong>s within proximity <strong>of</strong> existing trees, shrubs and other<br />
significant vegetation are required to provide protection from any damage during development.<br />
iii) <strong>Development</strong> proposals likely to impact on mature trees and/or trees subject to a Tree<br />
Preservation Order (TPO) or within a conservation area are required to include an up-to-date<br />
Arboricultural Implications Assessment (AIA), which shall include a Tree Constraints Plan and<br />
Tree Survey. The AIA and associated documents shall include relevant trees within the vicinity<br />
<strong>of</strong> the development site.<br />
iv) The council will make Tree Preservation Orders to protect trees <strong>of</strong> value, ensuring they<br />
are not felled or pruned to the detriment <strong>of</strong> trees and environmental amenity.<br />
v) The council will refuse permission or consent for the removal <strong>of</strong> protected trees (TPO<br />
trees and trees within a conservation area) and for proposals that would have a detrimental<br />
impact on the health <strong>of</strong> protected trees on or within the vicinity <strong>of</strong> a site, including unnecessary<br />
pruning <strong>of</strong> crown and root systems. Where a protected tree is felled or adversely affected<br />
(which shall only be permitted, or given deemed consent in conservation areas, in exceptional<br />
circumstances) full compensation is required, in the form <strong>of</strong> suitable replacements and / or<br />
additional planting. Replacements and additional planting are required to re-provide equal<br />
canopy cover and / or equal environmental amenity value. Where on-site compensation<br />
cannot be provided, a financial contribution <strong>of</strong> the full cost <strong>of</strong> appropriate reprovision will be<br />
required.<br />
vi) <strong>Development</strong>s that would involve the removal <strong>of</strong> a local authority tree, or detrimental<br />
impacts upon a local authority tree, are required to clearly demonstrate that such works are<br />
necessary and that no alternative options are available. Such schemes will only be permitted<br />
where there are over-riding planning benefits. Where permitted, full compensation to the<br />
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council for the loss <strong>of</strong> or harm to trees will be required, in the form <strong>of</strong> suitable replacements<br />
and / or additional planting. Replacements and new planting are required to re-provide equal<br />
canopy cover and / or equal environmental amenity value. Where on-site compensation<br />
cannot be provided, a financial contribution <strong>of</strong> the full cost <strong>of</strong> appropriate reprovision will be<br />
required.<br />
vii) Major developments are required to provide a contribution to the council for the provision<br />
<strong>of</strong> additional trees within the public realm.<br />
F. <strong>Development</strong>s which may have an impact on biodiversity are required to carry out<br />
appropriate ecological surveys to determine the likely impact <strong>of</strong> their proposal on biodiversity,<br />
and submit these within any application. The recommendations arising from these surveys<br />
are required to be incorporated within the proposal.<br />
3.0.45 Further details on the design <strong>of</strong> landscape and biodiversity and in relation to ecological<br />
surveys will be provided in the Sustainable Design SPD.<br />
3.0.46 The level <strong>of</strong> green ro<strong>of</strong> provision required will be assessed based on consideration <strong>of</strong> a<br />
range <strong>of</strong> other planning considerations, which may affect the ability <strong>of</strong> the development to<br />
provide green ro<strong>of</strong> space.<br />
3.0.47 The greening <strong>of</strong> vertical surfaces refers to walls that have been intentionally covered, in<br />
whole or in part, in vegetation. This generally involves the use <strong>of</strong> climbing plants to create<br />
a living cladding system, which may use either climbing wall plants and/or container<br />
systems. Biodiversity benefits should be maximised and the approach should not be<br />
water-intensive.<br />
3.0.48 The council's Biodiversity Action Plan, 'Wild <strong>Islington</strong>' (BAP) (2010) is the borough’s<br />
contribution to achieving the targets identified in both the UK and London’s Biodiversity<br />
Action Plans. <strong>Islington</strong>’s BAP was put together by a biodiversity partnership, made up <strong>of</strong><br />
local businesses, organisations and groups, and members <strong>of</strong> the community. It identifies<br />
habitats and species important to <strong>Islington</strong> and London as a whole. For each <strong>of</strong> the habitats<br />
and species, the five year plan identifies relevant threats, and proposes actions and targets<br />
for the borough. Amendments, alterations and/or replacements to the BAP will be relevant<br />
to the policies in this document.<br />
3.0.49 Measures taken to minimise water use in landscape design and planting should include<br />
rainwater harvesting and low water planting.<br />
3.0.50 Trees, shrubs and other significant vegetation is <strong>of</strong> particular value in the borough, due to<br />
the borough's dense urban nature, limited amount <strong>of</strong> green space and the impacts on air<br />
quality from traffic congestion. Trees also have a cooling effect, which is important due<br />
to projected future temperature increases, as a result <strong>of</strong> climate change. The council will<br />
protect existing trees and shrubs and increase their number.<br />
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3.0.51 The impact <strong>of</strong> developments on trees will be assessed in accordance with the council's<br />
tree policy and strategy, A policy for trees in <strong>Islington</strong> (2009), and any replacements,<br />
alterations or additions to this document, and to all other statutory provisions and material<br />
considerations. Arboricultural Implications Assessments, Tree Constraints Plans and Tree<br />
Surveys are required to comply with BS5837:2005. This DM policy will also apply to any<br />
other policies, terminology and standards which may replace, amend or add to these<br />
requirements.<br />
3.0.52 Species <strong>of</strong> trees and shrubs planted, and the manner <strong>of</strong> their planting and subsequent<br />
maintenance is required to provide a high nature conservation value, long life and maximum<br />
impact. Local species should be planted, where appropriate.<br />
3.0.53 Developer contributions towards trees within the public realm will be dealt with by a legal<br />
agreement, unilateral undertaking or other relevant mechanism. The Planning Obligations<br />
(S106) SPD requires a contribution towards the public realm. This document, or any<br />
replacement addition or alteration, or any change to the national mechanism for developer<br />
contributions (such as the Community Infrastructure Levy) will apply to this DM policy.<br />
3.0.54 <strong>Development</strong>s are required to provide adequate and appropriate building foundations,<br />
which are a prerequisite for retaining trees and allowing for supplementary planting. The<br />
proposed foundation depths <strong>of</strong> new structures will therefore not be an acceptable reason<br />
for curtailing planting.<br />
3.0.55 Pruning <strong>of</strong> retained trees and shrubs on proposed development sites may be required, to<br />
facilitate the erection <strong>of</strong> scaffolding and protective hoardings. Where proposed pruning<br />
is satisfactory, this will be conditioned and agreed by specification prior to the<br />
commencement <strong>of</strong> any construction or site preparation works.<br />
3.0.56 Where TPO trees, or trees within a conservation area, are felled or pruned without the<br />
council's consent, or deemed consent conservation areas, enforcement action will be<br />
taken and suitable replacements will be required.<br />
3.0.57 With regards to part E <strong>of</strong> policy DM 18, all developments should comply with protected<br />
species legislation. In some circumstances a site survey will be required, the results <strong>of</strong><br />
which will be collated and forwarded by the council to Greenspace Information for<br />
Greater London GiGL. The Sustainable Design SPD will provide further information<br />
relating to the circumstances in which surveys are required. <strong>Development</strong>s that impact<br />
on identified biodiversity habitats will be required to mitigate these as far as possible, and<br />
provide appropriate mitigation and compensation, where appropriate and<br />
reasonable,(including habitat improvement and creation targets) in line with the council's<br />
Biodiversity Action Plan; this may include a specified contribution to biodiversity<br />
improvements.<br />
Policy DM 19<br />
Private Open Space<br />
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A. Private open space, amenity space, gardens and grounds will be protected from<br />
development. <strong>Development</strong> that would result in a significant loss <strong>of</strong> open space, biodiversity,<br />
cooling effect and/or flood alleviation effect will be refused planning permission.<br />
B. Residential garden space and undeveloped curtilage is considered greenfield land for<br />
the purposes <strong>of</strong> assessing planning applications.<br />
3.0.58 Open space, amenity space, gardens and grounds, are important for physical and mental<br />
health, air quality, drainage and biodiversity. This is particularly the case in <strong>Islington</strong>, due<br />
to the density <strong>of</strong> development and the population. Such spaces shall be retained unless<br />
there are exceptional circumstances justifying their development.<br />
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4 Transport<br />
4.0.1 The Core Strategy promotes sustainable transport choices in order to limit the impact <strong>of</strong><br />
developments on the environment, to respond to congestion affecting roads and public<br />
transport, and to promote healthier lifestyles. The transport section <strong>of</strong> this document<br />
provides a more detailed policy framework to implement the over-arching aims <strong>of</strong> the Core<br />
Strategy.<br />
Implementing Core Strategy Policy<br />
This chapter helps implement the following Core Strategy <strong>Policies</strong>:<br />
Policy 10 Sustainable Design, IMP 1 Delivery and Infrastructure<br />
Policy DM 20<br />
Movement hierarchy<br />
A. The design <strong>of</strong> developments, including building design and internal layout, site layout,<br />
public realm and the provision <strong>of</strong> transport infrastructure, is required to prioritise the transport<br />
needs <strong>of</strong> users according to the following movement hierarchy:<br />
i) pedestrians<br />
ii)<br />
cyclists<br />
iii) public transport<br />
iv) taxis, delivery and servicing needs<br />
v) private motorists and other road users<br />
B. Inclusive design for all users, including disabled people, shall be a key principle throughout<br />
the above movement hierarchy.<br />
4.0.2 The design <strong>of</strong> new development is required to provide good access for pedestrians and<br />
cyclists, and users <strong>of</strong> public transport. Providing for sustainable transport modes will help<br />
to meet wider objectives set out in the Core Strategy and the council's Local Implementation<br />
Plan (the Sustainable Transport Strategy).<br />
4.0.3 The needs <strong>of</strong> all users, including disabled people, are required to be a central consideration<br />
in the design <strong>of</strong> development in order to meet the council's policies and aims in relation<br />
to inclusive design. The Inclusive Landscape Design SPD provides further details.<br />
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4.0.4 Within category (v) <strong>of</strong> policy DM 20 (private motorists and other road users) the council<br />
will prioritise more environmentally friendly vehicles such as electric vehicles and other<br />
cleaner fuel vehicles. Scooters and motorcycles may also be more appropriate than other<br />
private motor vehicles given the lower space requirements.<br />
Policy DM 21<br />
Managing transport impacts<br />
A. <strong>Development</strong> proposals are required to meet the transport needs <strong>of</strong> the development and<br />
address its transport impacts in a sustainable manner and in accordance with best practice.<br />
Where a development is considered by the council likely to have a significant negative impact<br />
on the operation <strong>of</strong> walking and cycling infrastructure, public transport, the road network,<br />
and/or other transport infrastructure, and this impact cannot be satisfactorily mitigated, planning<br />
permission for the proposal will be refused. In order for developments to be considered<br />
acceptable, they are required to:<br />
i) provide equal access for all people, including inclusive access for disabled people;<br />
ii) maximise safe, convenient and inclusive accessibility to, from and within developments<br />
for pedestrians, cyclists and public transport users, in accordance with the council's movement<br />
hierarchy;<br />
iii) fully mitigate any pressure upon the capacity <strong>of</strong> existing transport infrastructure, including<br />
pavements and other walking routes, cycle routes, public transport and roads;<br />
iv) fully mitigate any adverse impacts on transport infrastructure, including for existing transport<br />
users not associated with the development;<br />
v) have no negative impacts from transport arrangements on the local and wider environment;<br />
vi) only provide vehicle parking for essential needs identified in Core Strategy Policy 10H and<br />
policy DM23 (Parking, Deliveries and Servicing);<br />
vii) have no negative impacts on the safe and efficient operation <strong>of</strong> transport infrastructure,<br />
and<br />
viii) address delivery, servicing and drop-<strong>of</strong>f requirements in accordance with policy DM24.<br />
B. <strong>Development</strong> proposals are required to include the submission <strong>of</strong> either a Transport<br />
Assessment and Travel Plan, or a Transport Statement and Travel Plan Statement, in<br />
accordance with the thresholds outlined within the council's Sustainable Transport Planning<br />
Guidance note and any addition, alteration or replacement <strong>of</strong> this document. The submitted<br />
information is required to be sufficiently detailed and accurate to enable the council to fully<br />
assess the development proposal.<br />
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4.0.5 All development introduces a level <strong>of</strong> change to the surrounding environment and new<br />
development will need to be well integrated with <strong>Islington</strong>'s transport environment so that<br />
the borough can accommodate growth in a sustainable manner. Transport Assessments<br />
are required so that the transport impacts <strong>of</strong> development proposals are identified and<br />
addressed.<br />
4.0.6 The Sustainable Transport Planning Guidance Note (PGN) details when a Transport<br />
Assessment and Travel Plan is required, and when a Transport Statement and Travel<br />
Plan Statement may be acceptable as an alternative. The PGN also provides detailed<br />
requirements. Any addition, alteration or replacement <strong>of</strong> this document will also apply to<br />
this policy.<br />
4.0.7 Transport Assessments are required to assess the impact <strong>of</strong> proposals on transport<br />
infrastructure, including the capacity <strong>of</strong> roads, public transport and walking and cycling<br />
infrastructure, and detail action to manage this impact. They are required to present<br />
qualitative and quantitative information about the anticipated transport and related<br />
environmental impacts before, during and after implementation <strong>of</strong> the proposed<br />
development, including details <strong>of</strong> the accessibility <strong>of</strong> the site by all transport modes and<br />
all users, including disabled people, and the likely modal split <strong>of</strong> journeys to and from the<br />
site.<br />
4.0.8 Developers are required to demonstrate that the Transport Assessment and Transport<br />
Statement have informed the design <strong>of</strong> the proposed development and the Travel Plan or<br />
Travel Plan Statement. <strong>Development</strong> proposals shall meet the identified needs and<br />
address anticipated impacts <strong>of</strong> the development through the design <strong>of</strong> the scheme, effective<br />
management, including through a Travel Plan where appropriate, and through mitigating<br />
any impacts <strong>of</strong> the scheme, including through planning obligations where appropriate.<br />
4.0.9 Travel Plans are the key management tool for implementing any transport solutions<br />
highlighted by the Transport Assessment, and are one <strong>of</strong> the primary tools for mitigating<br />
negative transport impacts <strong>of</strong> development proposals. Travel Plans are required to detail<br />
the developer's response to the Transport Assessment and deliver sustainable transport<br />
objectives with a package <strong>of</strong> measures to promote sustainable transport, including<br />
measures to achieve a modal shift to the most sustainable forms <strong>of</strong> transport: walking and<br />
cycling.<br />
4.0.10 The Travel Plan is required to set out the on-going management arrangements for the<br />
Plan, which shall normally include the appointment <strong>of</strong> a Travel Plan coordinator and a<br />
steering group, management company or community trust. A monitoring schedule and<br />
outline <strong>of</strong> the approach to monitoring is required within the Travel Plan; a monitoring period<br />
<strong>of</strong> at least 5 years will apply. Enforcement actions are required to be agreed prior to any<br />
grant <strong>of</strong> planning permission, to plan for any unimplemented or failed measures.<br />
4.0.11 Design and Access Statements are required to refer to the Travel Plan/Transport Statement<br />
explaining what inclusive or specific transport options area available to meet the needs <strong>of</strong><br />
all users, including disabled people.<br />
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4.0.12 Transport infrastructure includes pavements, walking routes and other walking infrastructure<br />
and facilities, cycle routes and other cycle infrastructure and facilities, public transport,<br />
roads, waterways and infrastructure and facilities in relation to all other forms <strong>of</strong> transport.<br />
Policy DM 22<br />
Walking and cycling infrastructure<br />
A. All development proposals (excluding householder applications, minor extensions below<br />
100m 2 and minor changes <strong>of</strong> use where there is no intensification) are required to provide<br />
good public connectivity for pedestrians and cyclists, and good permeability through the site<br />
where relevant. This shall include new and/or improved connections <strong>of</strong> the site to existing<br />
pedestrian and cycling infrastructure within the vicinity <strong>of</strong> the site and new and/or improved<br />
connections through and within the site, where relevant. Connections are required to be high<br />
quality and inclusive in accordance with best practice, including pedestrian and cycle routes<br />
segregated from traffic and each other, where appropriate.<br />
B. In addition, major development proposals are required to contribute to wider improvements<br />
to walking and cycling infrastructure, through planning obligations and other relevant<br />
mechanisms.<br />
4.0.13 The council will set out in the Local Implementation Plan 2011-2031 (the Sustainable<br />
Transport Strategy) a target mode share for cycling. It is anticipated that this will be a 6%<br />
mode share by 2026. The council wishes to promote walking and cycling due to<br />
environmental and health issues, including climate change, air quality and physical activity<br />
levels, and is also a response to a growing population whose travel needs cannot be fully<br />
accommodated by other modes <strong>of</strong> transport. Investment in walking and cycling<br />
infrastructure is a more cost-effective and sustainable means to increase transport capacity<br />
in the borough than other transport modes. A key way to increase borough walking and<br />
cycling levels is to make walking and cycling a more attractive transport option, by making<br />
it safer: investing in infrastructure will help to achieve this.<br />
4.0.14 <strong>Development</strong> sites shall be publicly accessible (open and permeable) where possible and<br />
appropriate, including through the provision <strong>of</strong> new or improved pedestrian and cycle<br />
routes within, through and in the vicinity <strong>of</strong> the site, and connections <strong>of</strong> the site to existing<br />
pedestrian and cycle routes. Public routes not within the council's control are required to<br />
have a management and maintenance plan.<br />
4.0.15 New and/or improved junctions, roads and other transport infrastructure provided as part<br />
<strong>of</strong> new developments are required to provide good, inclusive, facilities for pedestrians and<br />
cyclists and are required to assess pedestrian and cyclist requirements in detail, including<br />
through a walking and cycling safety audit and area action surveys as part <strong>of</strong> the Transport<br />
Assessment and Travel Plan, or the Transport Statement and Travel Plan Statement, as<br />
appropriate.<br />
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4.0.16 Inclusive signage and way-finding is required to aid legibility and shall be provided through<br />
planning obligations and/or provided on site where appropriate.<br />
4.0.17 Major developments are required to contribute towards improvements to the borough’s<br />
pedestrian and cycling infrastructure through a financial contribution for <strong>of</strong>f-site investment,<br />
including local and/or strategic improvements. This contribution forms part <strong>of</strong> the Transport<br />
and Public Realm contribution set out in the council’s Planning Obligations SPD. This<br />
SPD and any replacement or amendment defines the scope and quantity <strong>of</strong> this obligation.<br />
4.0.18 Transport Assessments submitted with applications shall be used to inform proposed new<br />
walking and cycling infrastructure and proposed improvements or investment in existing<br />
walking and cycling infrastructure.<br />
4.0.19 The borough cycle network is identified in Map 4.1. This network is the priority for any<br />
<strong>of</strong>f-site investment in cycling infrastructure, where this lies within the vicinity <strong>of</strong> the site.<br />
This network consists <strong>of</strong> strategic, major and local routes. This hierarchy is not indicative<br />
<strong>of</strong> higher or lower priorities for investment, but is an indication that different levels <strong>of</strong> the<br />
hierarchy may be more suitable for a different range <strong>of</strong> investment measures. The council<br />
will also invest in roads that are unallocated as cycle routes, to ensure that all roads are<br />
cyclable and have good facilities for pedestrians.<br />
4.0.20 The map also identifies borough Principal Roads, where these are not allocated as cycle<br />
routes. The council may wish to invest in making these more suitable for walking and<br />
cycling; however, they do not form part <strong>of</strong> the allocated cycle network at present. In<br />
addition, the Transport for London Road Network (TLRN) may also be suitable for<br />
investment and this will be considered on a site-by-site basis.<br />
4.0.21 Map 4.2 shows borough walking routes, which are a priority for <strong>of</strong>f-site investment in<br />
walking infrastructure, in addition to pavements and footpaths in the vicinity <strong>of</strong> the site.<br />
4.0.22 In addition, the council’s Local Implementation Plan (the Sustainable Transport Strategy)<br />
identifies investment priorities for walking and cycling.<br />
4.0.23 All pedestrian and cycling infrastructure and facilities are required to be designed to best<br />
practice standards. Current best practice guidance includes TfL’s London Cycling Design<br />
Standards, the council's Inclusive Landscape SPD, the Department <strong>of</strong> Transport document<br />
Inclusive Mobility, and the forthcoming SPD on streetscape design; however, best practice<br />
should be defined at the time <strong>of</strong> submission <strong>of</strong> the planning application, based on up-to-date<br />
guidance from recognised organisations.<br />
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Map 4.1 Borough cycle network and principal roads<br />
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Map 4.2 Borough walking routes<br />
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Policy DM 23<br />
Cycle parking and end-<strong>of</strong>-trip facilities<br />
A. <strong>Development</strong>s (excluding householder applications and those minor changes <strong>of</strong> use and<br />
minor extensions below 100m 2 , where there is no intensification) are required to provide<br />
secure, sheltered, integrated, conveniently located, adequately lit and accessible cycle parking<br />
in accordance with the minimum standards set out in Table 1, below. Cycle parking is required<br />
to be designed to best practice standards and to include an adequate element <strong>of</strong> cycle parking<br />
suitable for accessible bicycles and tricycles. Residential cycle parking is required to include<br />
provision for cycle parking for family use.<br />
B. <strong>Development</strong>s (excluding residential units, householder applications and those minor<br />
changes <strong>of</strong> use and minor extensions below 100m 2 , where there is no intensification) are<br />
required to provide end-<strong>of</strong>-trip facilities for pedestrians and cyclists in accordance with best<br />
practice. End-<strong>of</strong>-trip facilities are required to be provided at a level proportionate to the size<br />
<strong>of</strong> the development and the required level <strong>of</strong> cycle parking.<br />
C. Proposals for uses that are publicly accessible, including but not limited to A1, A2, A3<br />
and D1 Use Classes, are required to contribute financially to publicly-accessible cycle parking<br />
located in the public realm within the vicinity <strong>of</strong> the site. Such parking is intended to be used<br />
for visitors to the development, but shall be open to all members <strong>of</strong> the public to use.<br />
4.0.24 Table 1 Cycle Parking Standards<br />
Use<br />
Food and non-food<br />
retail<br />
Financial and<br />
pr<strong>of</strong>essional services<br />
Restaurants and cafés<br />
Drinking<br />
establishments<br />
Hot food take-aways<br />
Offices<br />
Research and<br />
development, high tech<br />
Number <strong>of</strong> spaces<br />
1 per 200m 2 for employees plus 1 per 10 peak time customers<br />
and no less than 1 space per 125m 2 overall<br />
1 per 10 employees plus 1 per 10 peak time customers and no<br />
less than 1 space per 125m 2 overall<br />
1 per 10 staff plus 1 per 10 peak time customers and no less<br />
than 1 space per 100m 2 overall<br />
1 per 10 staff plus 1 per 10 peak time customers and no less<br />
than 1 space per 100m 2 overall<br />
1 per 10 staff plus 1 per 10 peak time customers and no less<br />
than 1 space per 50m 2 overall<br />
1 per 190m 2 for employees plus 1 per 10 peak time visitors<br />
1 per 290m 2 for employees plus 1 per 10 peak time visitors and<br />
no less than 1 space per 250m 2 overall<br />
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Use<br />
Light industry<br />
General industry<br />
Storage and<br />
distribution<br />
Hotels<br />
Care homes<br />
Hospitals<br />
Housing<br />
Schools<br />
Universities / colleges<br />
Libraries<br />
Health facilities / clinics<br />
Cinemas<br />
Leisure facilities<br />
Number <strong>of</strong> spaces<br />
1 per 290m 2<br />
1 per 270m 2<br />
1 per 500m 2<br />
1 per 10 employees (based on 1 employee per 2 bedrooms)<br />
plus 1 per 20 peak time guests<br />
1 per 3 employees plus 1 per 10 visitors<br />
1 per 5 employees plus 1 per 10 visitors<br />
1 per person, based on bedroom size<br />
1 per 10 staff plus 1 per 10 students<br />
1 per 8 staff plus 1 per 8 peak time students<br />
1 per 10 staff plus 1 per 10 peak time visitors<br />
1 per 5 staff plus 1 per 10 visitors<br />
1 per 10 staff plus 1 per 25 seats<br />
1 per 10 staff plus 1 per 10 peak period visitors<br />
Floorspace refers to Gross Internal Area. Employee figures refer to Full Time Equivalent.<br />
The terms 'customers', 'visitors' and 'guests' are interchangeable. Proposals not individually<br />
covered by the above standards will be required to provide cycle parking in accordance<br />
with the most appropriate classification above. Staff parking is required to be located on<br />
site. An element <strong>of</strong> visitor parking may be appropriate in the public realm. Mixed-use<br />
developments shall adhere to the most stringent applicable requirements e.g. an application<br />
for flexible A1-A3 uses shall apply the highest cycle parking requirement within the A<br />
classes.<br />
Housing includes conventional housing, student housing and Houses in Multiple Occupation.<br />
Visitor parking needs will be assessed based on submitted information and with regard to<br />
operational factors such as the number <strong>of</strong> meeting rooms in <strong>of</strong>fices, the number <strong>of</strong> covers<br />
for café and restaurant uses, and the number <strong>of</strong> rooms for hotels. Comparisons with<br />
existing uses will be made to inform assessments <strong>of</strong> expected visitor numbers. Developers<br />
are required to submit sufficient information to enable the council to assess the required<br />
level <strong>of</strong> cycle parking. Retail uses will be required to submit information on expected<br />
customer numbers.<br />
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4.0.25 Cycling parking and end-<strong>of</strong>-trip facilities support <strong>Islington</strong>’s strategic target to achieve a<br />
6% modal share for cycling by 2026. In order to deliver the proposed modal share<br />
developments are required to provide a good level <strong>of</strong> cycle parking to allow for more<br />
journeys to be made by bicycle. Cycle parking will also support implementation <strong>of</strong> the<br />
council's car free policy. The car free policy will in turn support implementation <strong>of</strong> the cycle<br />
parking requirements, because there will be more space available on sites, which may<br />
under a different policy framework have been used for car parking.<br />
4.0.26 For publicly-accessible developments, cycle parking for the public may be provided either<br />
through on-site provision and/or through a financial contribution to allow the council to<br />
install <strong>of</strong>f-site parking in the public realm. The appropriate provision <strong>of</strong> cycling parking shall<br />
be discussed on a case-by-case basis and in accordance with the cycle parking standards,<br />
where the standards differentiate between parking for occupants and visitors. The amount<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong>f-site parking required will be related to the need for publicly-accessible parking and<br />
to site characteristics, with a requirement for all parking to be conveniently located for the<br />
intended users. Publicly-accessible cycle parking will be credited towards the minimum<br />
visitor parking requirement for the purposes <strong>of</strong> Part A <strong>of</strong> this policy.<br />
4.0.27 On-site cycle parking is required in addition to any minimum floorspace requirements. For<br />
example, any area to be used for cycle parking must be in addition to minimum residential<br />
space standards (including storage) and requirements for employment floorspace.<br />
4.0.28 End-<strong>of</strong>-trip facilities are required to include at least inclusive changing facilities, showers,<br />
lockers and clothes drying facilities and are required to be sufficient to meet the peak<br />
needs <strong>of</strong> the development, based on the occupancy <strong>of</strong> the development and the amount<br />
<strong>of</strong> cycle parking required.<br />
4.0.29 Cycle parking for disabled users shall include parking that can accommodate mobility<br />
bicycles and tricycles. This is required at a level appropriate to the scale <strong>of</strong> development<br />
and the users <strong>of</strong> the development. Residential schemes are required to provide disabled<br />
user accessible cycle parking at least for those residential units suitable for disabled<br />
people. Cycle parking suitable for families may include parking that can accommodate<br />
trailers for children, and is required at least in relation to family-sized units i.e. residential<br />
units with three or more bedrooms.<br />
4.0.30 Developers should consider a more intensive approach to meeting cycle parking standards<br />
than single-storey parking. Two-tier cycle parking solutions are available and enable a<br />
more efficient use <strong>of</strong> land. In addition, there are a range <strong>of</strong> intelligent cycle storage<br />
solutions available and developers are required to demonstrate that all options have been<br />
investigated, where there are issues <strong>of</strong> compliance with the cycle parking requirements.<br />
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Policy DM 24<br />
Vehicle parking, delivery and servicing for new developments<br />
A. Provision for delivery and servicing is required to be provided <strong>of</strong>f-street at a level<br />
appropriate in scale to the use and size <strong>of</strong> the scheme, meeting delivery and servicing needs.<br />
Details shall be submitted to establish the delivery and servicing needs <strong>of</strong> developments.<br />
Delivery and servicing bays are required to be strictly controlled, clearly signed and only used<br />
for the specific agreed purpose. Where on-street servicing is proposed details must be<br />
submitted to demonstrate the need for on-street provision and to show that arrangements will<br />
be safe and will not cause a traffic obstruction or nuisance.<br />
B. No provision for vehicle parking or waiting will be allowed except that required for essential<br />
drop-<strong>of</strong>f and wheelchair-accessible parking. Provision will only be permitted where a need<br />
has been identified and only the minimum necessary provision shall be permitted. Provision<br />
is required to be <strong>of</strong>f-street and located to be accessible and convenient in relation to the<br />
development and to be accessible to disabled people. Where on-street drop-<strong>of</strong>f and/or<br />
wheelchair accessible parking is proposed details must be submitted to demonstrate the need<br />
for on-street provision and to show that arrangements will be safe and will not cause a traffic<br />
obstruction or nuisance.<br />
C. Wheelchair-accessible car parking is required to be provided in accordance with best<br />
practice standards, as set out in the council's Planning Obligations (S106) SPD, Accessible<br />
Housing SPD, BS8300:2009 and any subsequent addition, revision or replacement to these<br />
documents and standards. <strong>Development</strong>s are also required to provide adequate provision<br />
for mobility scooter storage and charging.<br />
D. Where it is demonstrated that required wheelchair-accessible car parking cannot be<br />
provided on site, and where the council considers this acceptable, a financial contribution will<br />
be required towards accessible transport initiatives in accordance with the council’s Planning<br />
Obligations SPD and any subsequent addition, revision or replacement.<br />
E. The council will support the provision <strong>of</strong> car clubs, including the provision <strong>of</strong> inclusive car<br />
club parking bays where appropriate. <strong>Development</strong>s will be required to contribute towards<br />
the provision <strong>of</strong> car clubs in the vicinity <strong>of</strong> the development.<br />
F. <strong>Development</strong> proposals for, or including, new public car parks (and other motor vehicle<br />
public parking) will be refused. <strong>Development</strong> proposals for the redevelopment <strong>of</strong> existing car<br />
parks for a different use shall be subject to the car-free restriction within this policy and the<br />
Core Strategy.<br />
G. Applications for car parking within the curtilage <strong>of</strong> existing residential properties will be<br />
refused.<br />
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4.0.31 Core Strategy Policy 10H establishes that developments will be car free, which means no<br />
car parking provision will be allowed on site and occupiers will have no ability to obtain<br />
car parking permits, except for required wheelchair accessible parking. However, delivery,<br />
servicing, drop-<strong>of</strong>f / collection and wheelchair accessible parking may be required. Transport<br />
Assessments are required to identify the needs <strong>of</strong> the development. This policy does not<br />
affect the ability <strong>of</strong> disabled people to apply for parking permits.<br />
4.0.32 Full details <strong>of</strong> servicing, including delivery hours and frequency, and service bay location<br />
and operation (including swept path analysis) is required in relation servicing arrangements,<br />
where relevant. The council will, where appropriate, control aspects <strong>of</strong> servicing by<br />
condition.<br />
4.0.33 Where on-street wheelchair accessible parking is required and appropriate the developer<br />
shall identify, negotiate and pay for the conversion <strong>of</strong> suitable bays.<br />
4.0.34 Accessible transport initiatives may include the provision <strong>of</strong> wheelchair accessible car<br />
parking, and a range <strong>of</strong> inclusive alternatives.<br />
4.0.35 Mobility scooters and charging points shall be located in an appropriate place within the<br />
development, such as a ground floor space, next to the lifts.<br />
4.0.36 Car clubs provide an alternative to car ownership that helps to reduce traffic and parking<br />
congestion, reduce air quality and climate change impacts from transport, allow more<br />
equitable and efficient use <strong>of</strong> public space and increases travel options for all social groups.<br />
Developer contributions are required to include a financial contribution towards car club<br />
infrastructure, such as car club parking bays, and other car club enabling measures, such<br />
as membership subsidy.<br />
4.0.37 The provision <strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong>f-street car club bays within developments as an alternative to on-street<br />
provision will only be accepted where it has been demonstrated by the developer, to the<br />
satisfaction <strong>of</strong> the council, that on-street parking is not appropriate or possible. Should<br />
the council accept the need for <strong>of</strong>f-street car-club parking bays instead <strong>of</strong> on-street bays<br />
these must be publicly accessible at all times (with no need for a key or other security<br />
measures) and located above ground in order to allow for convenient access and to allow<br />
a communication signal for on-board telematics.<br />
4.0.38 The redevelopment <strong>of</strong> existing car parks, for alternative uses, will be subject to the car<br />
free policy. The number <strong>of</strong> car parking spaces existing on-site will not be accepted as a<br />
justification to provide car parking in contravention to the car-free policy, or to provide<br />
delivery, servicing, drop-<strong>of</strong>f and wheelchair accessible parking above requirements identified<br />
in the submitted Transport Assessment.<br />
4.0.39 Car parking within the curtilage <strong>of</strong> residential properties has negative impacts on<br />
biodiversity, flood risk, visual amenity, healthy lifestyles, air quality, traffic congestion and<br />
highways safety. Applications will be normally be refused; however, the needs <strong>of</strong> disabled<br />
people will be taken into account and exceptions made where appropriate.<br />
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4.0.40 Any financial payments shall be made to the council, index-linked and provide for<br />
reasonable legal fees.<br />
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5 Housing<br />
Implementing Core Strategy Policy<br />
This chapter helps implement the following Core Strategy Objectives: securing a supply <strong>of</strong><br />
housing which encourages mixed communities, where mixed communities include, (but are<br />
not limited to) different tenures, household sizes, and ages (including families, older people<br />
and disabled people), and the following policies: Policy 12 Meeting the housing challenge,<br />
Policy 10 Sustainable Design, Policy 15 Open space and green infrastructure.<br />
5.0.1 <strong>Policies</strong> in the Core Strategy aim to meet the housing challenge in the borough. Achieving<br />
this requires high quality homes which meet the needs <strong>of</strong> residents. Issues such as<br />
accessibility, noise, vibration, unit size and mix are considered here. There are also policies<br />
on student accommodation and provision for Gypsies and travellers.<br />
5.0.2 Given the demands for new housing, employment growth and the existing built-up character<br />
<strong>of</strong> the borough, <strong>Islington</strong> will continue to be a borough <strong>of</strong> high density for the UK and<br />
London. Density can be measured in a variety <strong>of</strong> ways such as habitable rooms per hectare,<br />
people per hectare and dwellings per hectare. The London Plan includes a density matrix<br />
in Table 3A.2 which shows appropriate densities for development in three different urban<br />
character types for London (suburban, urban & central).<br />
5.0.3 The density that is considered acceptable for <strong>Islington</strong> is the 650 -1100 hr/ha range, the<br />
highest band <strong>of</strong> the density matrix. This is in line with recent housing scheme permissions<br />
in the borough, with some schemes exceeding this range. Increased density results in<br />
more people living in a particular location and increased pressure on amenities. The need<br />
to maintain and improve people’s quality <strong>of</strong> life, while building at high densities, has a<br />
number <strong>of</strong> implications for the management <strong>of</strong> future development. These include, amongst<br />
other things: requirements for private and public outside amenity space, internal space<br />
requirements for homes, providing accessible and adaptable housing, and providing new<br />
physical and social infrastructure.<br />
Residential space requirements<br />
5.0.4 Homes need to be sensibly planned and functional, designed to meet the demands <strong>of</strong><br />
everyday life. Homes should provide privacy, and sufficient space and facilities, including<br />
storage, to enable residents to live comfortably and conveniently. Homes should be<br />
adaptable to accommodate residents' changing needs and circumstances, such as mobility<br />
requirements, and the likely needs <strong>of</strong> diverse households over the life <strong>of</strong> the dwelling.<br />
5.0.5 The low level <strong>of</strong> public open space, and the high-density <strong>of</strong> built form in <strong>Islington</strong>, means<br />
that private outdoor space and internal space in the home are even more important to<br />
quality <strong>of</strong> life (including mental health) than in less densely populated areas. The home is<br />
<strong>of</strong>ten one <strong>of</strong> the few places residents can enjoy peace, quiet and privacy.<br />
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5.0.6 Overcrowding in <strong>Islington</strong> is significantly greater than the national average. It is comparable<br />
to Greater London (Housing Needs Assessment, 2008) and possibly amongst the worst<br />
in London.<br />
5.0.7 Building densities will remain high so that housing need can be met in <strong>Islington</strong>; however,<br />
special attention needs to be paid to the size <strong>of</strong> new homes and the design <strong>of</strong> high density<br />
developments. The current planning space standards in <strong>Islington</strong> (the 'Planning Standards<br />
Guidelines' SPG) are based on national standards developed in the 1960s. There are<br />
housing space standards, such as those set by the Interim London Housing Design Guide,<br />
which are considered more appropriate.<br />
5.0.8 There are no minimum ceiling heights in <strong>Islington</strong>’s current planning standards. Many<br />
modern homes have relatively low ceiling heights <strong>of</strong> 2.3m to 2.4m to maximise the number<br />
<strong>of</strong> floors built at a given building height. Increased ceiling heights provide a greater sense<br />
<strong>of</strong> space in a smaller room and help keep the room cool in summer months, conversely<br />
they require more energy to heat in the winter. Higher ceiling heights also allow for future<br />
adaptability.<br />
5.0.9 Larger room and unit sizes are needed to ensure that people can happily live over the<br />
long-term in high density environments thus maintaining sustainable communities. Larger<br />
units and room sizes can be used more flexibly as they are generally more adaptable.<br />
5.0.10 The council has developed its own set <strong>of</strong> standards for accessible homes which sets<br />
minimum dimensions for circulation spaces and access to essential facilities within the<br />
home. The standards are described in the Accessible Housing Supplementary Planning<br />
Document (SPD) (adopted March 2009) and apply to all new housing, whether new build<br />
or conversion. The housing space standards policy incorporates these accessibility<br />
standards.<br />
Policy DM 25<br />
Mix <strong>of</strong> Housing Sizes<br />
To ensure the range <strong>of</strong> housing sizes needed in the borough is provided, the housing mix<br />
required on all major developments will be based on <strong>Islington</strong>'s Housing Needs Assessment<br />
(2008). Future housing research may result in a different mix <strong>of</strong> housing sizes being required.<br />
The current housing size mix required for all major developments is set out in the table below.<br />
Housing Size Mix Required For Each Housing Tenure<br />
1-bed<br />
2-bed<br />
3-bed<br />
4-bed +<br />
Total<br />
Market<br />
10%<br />
75%<br />
15%<br />
0%<br />
100%<br />
Intermediate<br />
65%<br />
35%<br />
0%<br />
0%<br />
100%<br />
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1-bed<br />
2-bed<br />
3-bed<br />
4-bed +<br />
Total<br />
Social Rented<br />
0%<br />
20%<br />
30%<br />
50%<br />
100%<br />
5.0.11 The development <strong>of</strong> new homes forms a key aspect <strong>of</strong> delivering great places to live,<br />
creating choice through a mix <strong>of</strong> house types, and promoting mixed and integrated<br />
communities. The successful design <strong>of</strong> homes and communities means responding to<br />
location and context, including the natural and physical environment, promoting safety<br />
and security whilst supporting mixed tenure neighbourhoods which engender character,<br />
identity and amenity, including space for families and a sense <strong>of</strong> place.<br />
5.0.12 Because there is a significant housing need in the borough housing is regarded as a priority<br />
within <strong>Islington</strong>. The types <strong>of</strong> housing to be provided are as important as the quantity.<br />
Core Strategy Policy 12 (Meeting the Housing Challenge) sets out the strategic approach.<br />
The Core Strategy objectives about securing a supply <strong>of</strong> housing seeks to encourage<br />
mixed communities; where mixed communities include, (but are not limited to), different<br />
tenures, household sizes, and ages (including families, older people and disabled people).<br />
5.0.13 To create mixed and inclusive communities, the council will secure a range <strong>of</strong> self-contained<br />
homes <strong>of</strong> different sizes. The Housing Needs Study (2008) confirms the current housing<br />
stock in <strong>Islington</strong> is heavily skewed toward smaller dwelling types such as flats. The number<br />
<strong>of</strong> households who live in flats (81.0% <strong>of</strong> households) is significantly higher than the national<br />
average (16.7%) and <strong>Islington</strong> has nearly double the proportion <strong>of</strong> flats compared with<br />
Greater London (44.9%). Terrace housing accounts for the next highest proportion (16%).<br />
There are very low proportions <strong>of</strong> detached or semi-detached houses and bungalows in<br />
<strong>Islington</strong>.<br />
5.0.14 Survey data suggests that a high proportion <strong>of</strong> households in the borough (18.1%) are<br />
living in unsuitable housing. Of these households 70.6% would need to move to find<br />
suitable housing. However, many households cannot afford a suitable solution in the<br />
housing market without some form <strong>of</strong> subsidy, and are, therefore, considered to be in<br />
housing need.<br />
5.0.15 <strong>Development</strong> proposals should demonstrate how the mix <strong>of</strong> dwelling and the mix <strong>of</strong> tenures<br />
meet <strong>Islington</strong>'s housing targets and are appropriate to the location.<br />
5.0.16 The Housing Needs Assessment (2008) included a ‘Balancing Housing Markets’ (BHM)<br />
assessment which looked at the whole local housing market, considering the extent to<br />
which supply and demand are ‘balanced’ across tenure and property size. Appendix 3 in<br />
the Housing Needs Assessment shows show the detailed analysis for the six components<br />
contributing to the BHM analysis for <strong>Islington</strong>. By combining the total demand and total<br />
supply tables (A3.1 and A3.8) the overall housing need can be established for different<br />
size housing across all tenures. The table in Policy DM24 has been derived by converting<br />
the housing unit numbers into percentage values for each tenure type and rounded up or<br />
down to the nearest 5%).<br />
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5.0.17 The council is examining the characteristics (salary and size <strong>of</strong> housing) <strong>of</strong> the people<br />
accessed intermediate housing in <strong>Islington</strong> to determine if this form <strong>of</strong> housing can meet<br />
the needs <strong>of</strong> its priority groups <strong>of</strong> residents. The council is also piloting the disposal <strong>of</strong><br />
some one-bedroom units under shared ownership and will monitor the characteristics <strong>of</strong><br />
the residents accessing this housing. Together this information will influence what the<br />
council consider is the appropriate housing size mix in the future. The council will keep<br />
this policy under review and supplement this with further evidence.<br />
Policy DM 26<br />
Conversion <strong>of</strong> Houses<br />
A. Applications for the conversion <strong>of</strong> existing houses into two or more self contained units<br />
are required to contain 3 and 2-bedroom flats to maintain a supply <strong>of</strong> larger homes to meet<br />
housing need. The following will be taken into account when considering the acceptability <strong>of</strong><br />
proposed conversions:<br />
the extent to which the property contributes to meeting specific housing needs set out in<br />
the Housing Needs Assessment or Strategic Housing Market Assessment (SHMA) ;<br />
the effect on the amenity <strong>of</strong> neighbouring properties through noise, visual intrusion, the<br />
position <strong>of</strong> entrances, impact <strong>of</strong> parking areas, extensions and fire escapes;<br />
the size <strong>of</strong> the proposed property and its physical characteristics, including layout and<br />
size <strong>of</strong> rooms;<br />
the amenity <strong>of</strong> future occupants;<br />
the effect on the street scene <strong>of</strong> any changes to the external appearance <strong>of</strong> the building;<br />
and<br />
on-street parking conditions and on-street parking restrictions; the adequacy <strong>of</strong> public<br />
transport and on-site parking proposed.<br />
B. All conversions must be designed to meet minimum housing space standards.<br />
5.0.18 <strong>Islington</strong>'s Housing Needs Study (2008) shows that two and three bedroom units are most<br />
needed for all tenure groups. Conversion <strong>of</strong> houses leads to the loss <strong>of</strong> larger properties<br />
and the creation <strong>of</strong> small units. <strong>Islington</strong> wants to maintain and increase 3-bedroom and<br />
3+ bedroom family housing, which meets at least the minimum space standards. Proposals<br />
which do not maintain a supply <strong>of</strong> larger homes to meet the borough's housing need are<br />
likely to be refused consent. .<br />
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Policy DM 27<br />
Housing Space Standards<br />
A. All new housing development (including conversions, Houses in Multiple Occupation and<br />
Sheltered Housing) are required to provide accommodation:<br />
i) <strong>of</strong> adequate size, with acceptable shape and layout <strong>of</strong> rooms (with due consideration to<br />
aspect, outlook, noise, ventilation, privacy, light);<br />
ii)<br />
with adequate play, amenity and garden space;<br />
iii) with sufficient space for storage and utility purposes(for general household storage,<br />
waste/recycling, washing machines/drying clothes, pushchairs and cycles);<br />
iv) to high quality design standards, built to be accessible and adaptable to meet changing<br />
occupier circumstances over its lifetime, which are attractive to and safe for all, built to<br />
<strong>Islington</strong>'s Flexible Homes standards (as set out in SPD) and <strong>Islington</strong>'s Planning Standards<br />
Guidelines, having regard to the <strong>Islington</strong> Urban Design Guide (including any alteration,<br />
amendment or replacement thereafter) to enable residents to live comfortably and conveniently.<br />
v) 10% <strong>of</strong> all new housing, calculated against the number <strong>of</strong> habitable rooms, is required to<br />
be wheelchair accessible, or easily adaptable for residents who are wheelchair users. The<br />
wheelchair accessible units should be provided across all tenures (and be integrated within<br />
the development), and deliver appropriate unit sizes. Each wheelchair housing unit is required<br />
to be single-storey, preferably on the ground floor.<br />
B. Internal Floor Area<br />
i) The following space standards must be met as a minimum in new developments and<br />
conversions. For dwellings designed for more than 6 people, allow 10m 2 <strong>of</strong> additional space<br />
per extra person thereafter.<br />
Minimum<br />
dwelling by floor<br />
area<br />
Dwelling type<br />
(bedroom/persons)<br />
Gross Internal Area<br />
(m 2 )<br />
Storage<br />
(m 2 ) *<br />
Flats<br />
Studio/Bedsit **<br />
32.5<br />
1.5<br />
1b2p<br />
50<br />
2.0<br />
2b3p<br />
61<br />
2.5<br />
2b4p<br />
70<br />
3.0<br />
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Minimum<br />
dwelling by floor<br />
area<br />
Dwelling type<br />
(bedroom/persons)<br />
Gross Internal Area<br />
(m 2 )<br />
Storage<br />
(m 2 ) *<br />
3b4p<br />
74<br />
3.0<br />
3b5p<br />
86<br />
3.5<br />
3b6p<br />
95<br />
4.0<br />
4b5p<br />
90<br />
4.5<br />
4b6p<br />
99<br />
5.0<br />
2 storey houses<br />
2b4p<br />
83<br />
3.0<br />
3b4p<br />
87<br />
3.0<br />
3b5p<br />
96<br />
3.5<br />
4b5p<br />
100<br />
3.5<br />
4b6p<br />
107<br />
4.0<br />
3 storey houses<br />
3b5p<br />
102<br />
3.5<br />
4b5p<br />
106<br />
3.5<br />
4b6p<br />
113<br />
4.0<br />
* NB: to be provided in addition to the overall gross internal area<br />
**Studios/Bedsits will only be permitted in exceptional circumstances, where a larger unit is<br />
not possible.<br />
ii) At the planning application stage, Applicants are required to provide details <strong>of</strong> proposed<br />
overall floorspace and a breakdown <strong>of</strong> room sizes, including occupancy.<br />
iii)<br />
To avoid awkwardly and non-functional shaped rooms:<br />
Living rooms are required to have a minimum width <strong>of</strong> 3.2 metres<br />
Double/twin bedrooms are required to have a minimum width <strong>of</strong> 2.75 metres<br />
Single bedrooms are required to have a minimum width <strong>of</strong> 2.1 metres<br />
All bedrooms are required to have a minimum length <strong>of</strong> 3.0 metres<br />
The minimum area <strong>of</strong> a single bedroom is 8m 2<br />
The minimum area <strong>of</strong> a double or twin bedroom is 12m 2<br />
A 1500mm turning circle is required in living rooms, dining rooms, circulation space and<br />
in at least one bedroom<br />
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In kitchens, at least 1200mm is required between units and wall<br />
In wheelchair accessible housing a 1500mm turning circle is required in all rooms and<br />
wheelchair access to all spaces and facilities is required.<br />
iv) Dwelling plans are required to demonstrate how dwellings will accommodate the furniture,<br />
access and activity space requirements, as required in the Accessible Housing Supplementary<br />
Planning Document (SPD) (or any alteration, addition to, or replacement <strong>of</strong> this document) to<br />
meet the flexible homes standards and/or wheelchair accessible standards .<br />
v) Those details not evident on the dwelling plan are required to be detailed in the Design<br />
and Access Statement and relevant schedule <strong>of</strong> accommodation (for example, details such<br />
as level entry and shower hoist)<br />
vi) Dwelling plans are required to demonstrate how the construction <strong>of</strong> the building will allow<br />
for the internal reorganisation <strong>of</strong> rooms or the extension <strong>of</strong> the dwelling.<br />
vii) Dwelling plans will be required to demonstrate that they provide adequate space and<br />
services for occupants to be able to study/work from home.<br />
viii) Design proposals must demonstrate how an adequate level <strong>of</strong> privacy has been provided<br />
for habitable rooms within each dwelling.<br />
C. Floor to Ceiling Heights<br />
i) In new housing development, all habitable rooms including kitchens and bathrooms, are<br />
required to have a minimum floor to ceiling height <strong>of</strong> 2.6 metres (between finished floor level<br />
and finished ceiling level).<br />
ii) Single aspect habitable rooms are required to have a ceiling height greater than, or equal<br />
to, the depth divided by 2.5 and not less than 2.6 metres. The minimum ceiling height for single<br />
aspect habitable rooms is indicated in the table below:<br />
Worked Example<br />
D<br />
(Depth <strong>of</strong> habitable room in<br />
metres)<br />
H<br />
(Floor to ceiling height in<br />
metres)<br />
Single Aspect Room<br />
H≥D/2.5<br />
5<br />
6<br />
7<br />
8<br />
2.6<br />
2.6<br />
2.8<br />
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iii) A lower ceiling height may be acceptable in residential conversions, in order to<br />
accommodate additional sound insulation, where is had been demonstrated that adequate<br />
insulation is not possible whilst providing the applicable minimum ceiling height.<br />
iv) Any floorspace that does not meet the minimum requirement floor to ceiling height will<br />
be excluded from measurements in relation to overall internal floor area requirements.<br />
D. Dual Aspect<br />
i) New homes are required to provide dual aspect.<br />
ii) For sites where dual aspect dwellings may be impossible or unfavourable, the design<br />
must demonstrate how a good level <strong>of</strong> natural ventilation and daylight will be provided for<br />
each habitable room.<br />
E. Daylight and Sunlight<br />
i) The glazing to all habitable rooms is required to be not less than 20% <strong>of</strong> the internal floor<br />
area <strong>of</strong> the room.<br />
ii) The design <strong>of</strong> the development is required to maximise light into the room (subject to<br />
passive heating and cooling considerations) and satisfy the BRE Guidance 'Site Layout<br />
Planning for Daylight and Sunlight' BRE 1991 (including any alteration, amendment or<br />
replacement <strong>of</strong> this document).<br />
iii) All homes should provide for direct sunlight to enter at least one habitable room for a<br />
reasonable period <strong>of</strong> the day. Living areas, kitchen and dining spaces should preferably receive<br />
direct sunlight.<br />
F. Approach and Entrance<br />
i) Approach should be logical, legible and step-free.<br />
ii) The overall travel distance between drop-<strong>of</strong>f points (i.e. car parking space, car club, loading<br />
bay), the main entrance <strong>of</strong> a development, and the entrance <strong>of</strong> each individual dwelling should<br />
be kept to a minimum and demonstrably within the reach <strong>of</strong> ambulant disabled people (50<br />
metres is the maximum recommended by Inclusive Mobility produced by the DfT).<br />
iii)<br />
All entrances are required to be:<br />
visible from the public realm and clearly identified;<br />
illuminated and have level access over the threshold, and preferably be covered; and<br />
with a level landing in front <strong>of</strong> 1500mm x 1500mm clear <strong>of</strong> any door swing.<br />
G. Shared Circulation<br />
i) In all new housing development the number <strong>of</strong> dwellings accessed from a single core must<br />
not be more than eight on each floor; a smaller number is preferable.<br />
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ii) Common/shared entrances are required to lead to a hall large enough for people to<br />
manoeuvre with shopping and/or baby buggies, and in wheelchairs, with ease.<br />
iii)<br />
Communal circulation corridors are required to be a minimum <strong>of</strong> 1200mm wide.<br />
iv) An access core serving 4 or more dwellings must provide an access control system, with<br />
entry phones in all dwellings linked to a main front door with electric lock release.<br />
v) An access core serving more than 25 dwellings must provide additional security<br />
arrangements, such as access control systems with audio-visual verification or provision <strong>of</strong> a<br />
concierge.<br />
vi)<br />
External mail boxes should be provided for all new housing development.<br />
vii) Details shall be provided in the Design and Access Statement to demonstrate how shared<br />
circulation spaces will operate satisfactorily, including travel distances (refer 'Approach and<br />
Entrance') and details about the security and servicing arrangements, such as access control<br />
systems and mailbox locations.<br />
H. Circulation in new homes<br />
i) For all new development and conversions the width <strong>of</strong> the doorways and hallways is required<br />
to conform to the specifications below:<br />
The clear opening width <strong>of</strong> the front door must be at least 800mm.<br />
A 300mm nib is required beside the leading edge (latch side) <strong>of</strong> all doors at entrance<br />
level.<br />
All internal doors must have clear opening width <strong>of</strong> at least 775mm.<br />
All hallways and corridors inside a dwelling must have a clear width <strong>of</strong> at least 1050mm.<br />
ii) The design <strong>of</strong> dwellings over more than one-storey is required to provide space for (a)<br />
provision <strong>of</strong> a stair lift, and (b) a suitably identified space for a through-the-floor lift from the<br />
ground to the first floor.<br />
I. Storage and Utility Spaces<br />
i) Built-in general internal storage space, free <strong>of</strong> hot water cylinders and other obstructions,<br />
with a minimum internal height <strong>of</strong> 2m and a minimum area <strong>of</strong> 1.5m 2 , must be provided for 1-2<br />
person dwellings, in addition to storage provided by furniture in habitable rooms. For each<br />
additional occupant an additional 0.5 m 2 <strong>of</strong> storage space is required.<br />
ii) Dwelling plans should demonstrate that suitable space is provided for a washing machine,<br />
for drying clothes, and for waste and recycling bins within the home.<br />
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iii) Where cycle storage is provided within the home it should be in addition to the minimum<br />
GIA and minimum storage and circulation requirements.<br />
Also refer Policy DM23 (Cycle Parking and end-<strong>of</strong>-trip facilities) for additional requirements<br />
for the provision <strong>of</strong> cycle storage.<br />
5.0.19 Policy 12 (Meeting the Housing Challenge) Part A <strong>of</strong> the Core Strategy states the intention<br />
to set-out new standards for residential space and design, to provide high quality homes<br />
that provide a good quality <strong>of</strong> life.<br />
5.0.20 New homes in the United Kingdom are some <strong>of</strong> the smallest in Europe. Many homes do<br />
not provide enough space for storage, for children to play safely or to allow for the range<br />
<strong>of</strong> activities carried out in the home. This was confirmed in the recent report produced by<br />
CABE entitled "Space in new homes – What residents think" (2009). Constrained capacity<br />
for housing and projected growth in population creates design challenges in terms <strong>of</strong><br />
outdoor amenity space, privacy, noise and light, safety and communal space.<br />
5.0.21 Having regard to these challenges, <strong>Islington</strong> needs to accommodate a range <strong>of</strong> housing<br />
types across a range <strong>of</strong> densities, making sure flats work for families as well as individuals.<br />
Providing a mix <strong>of</strong> dwellings makes communities safer and more secure as there is more<br />
potential for homes to be occupied during the day, providing natural surveillance, community<br />
interaction and environmental control.<br />
5.0.22 Housing must be well-designed, safe, adaptable, sustainable and attractive. It must provide<br />
the accessibility, adaptability and flexibility required for the 21st century living, address<br />
the challenges <strong>of</strong> climate change and help sustain thriving neighbourhoods. Achieving<br />
design excellence is not simply about applying a set <strong>of</strong> design standards.<br />
5.0.23 The Mayor has developed a Interim Housing Design Guide for London. The guide brings<br />
together and clarifies the required standards for new housing and sets minimum standards<br />
in a number <strong>of</strong> key areas in response to the particular challenges <strong>of</strong> developing high quality<br />
housing to meet the diverse range <strong>of</strong> needs in London. The proposed housing space<br />
standards generally provide an increase from the Parker Morris space standards.<br />
5.0.24 <strong>Islington</strong> has chosen to adopt the housing standards set out in this Design Guide for<br />
London across all housing types so all homes will be built to the same standard. The<br />
rationale behind this is housing design should be 'tenure blind', where affordable and<br />
private homes are indistinguishable from one another in terms <strong>of</strong> design quality, appearance<br />
or location on a site. Also, the need to improve design quality is as pressing in the private<br />
market sector as it is for affordable housing. Having the same space standards across<br />
tenures means that there will be no barriers to "suitability" <strong>of</strong> the tenure at some point in<br />
the future. This approach is consistent with the recently produced Interim Housing Design<br />
Guide (Aug 2010), published by the Mayor to support Policy 3.5 <strong>of</strong> the Draft Replacement<br />
London Plan, which applies the new quality and design standards to all new housing.<br />
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5.0.25 Every home needs to provide spaces, both inside and outside, for occupants to gather<br />
and to be apart from each other. Homes should have sufficient storage, space for work<br />
and study, and circulation spaces to provide for the needs <strong>of</strong> all potential occupants and<br />
their visitors. The quality <strong>of</strong> housing is affected by space as well as design, and good<br />
housing cannot be made from spaces that are too small. Space requirements aim to ensure<br />
rooms are large enough to take on a variety <strong>of</strong> uses and allow homes to be used in a<br />
variety <strong>of</strong> ways.<br />
5.0.26 New homes need to be built to be accessible and adaptable to meet changing<br />
circumstances over a person's lifetime, in developments that are attractive to, and safe<br />
for, all. New minimum space standards and homes that are adaptable to change as new<br />
occupants move in, families grow, and occupants age, or experience ill health, lie at the<br />
heart <strong>of</strong> London's new design standards for housing. Good space standards are particularly<br />
important in higher density housing, such as that in <strong>Islington</strong>, which is usually occupied to<br />
the maximum occupancy. Issues that need to be addressed include accessibility and<br />
adaptability, privacy, safety and security, daylighting, access to open space, play space,<br />
car use and climate change adaptation and mitigation.<br />
5.0.27 Flexible and adaptable housing design enables families to stay put, reduces unwanted<br />
moves and allow sustainable communities to develop. It can also avoid unsightly<br />
adaptations and extensions to accommodation and costly ancillary aids and services.<br />
5.0.28 Choices made about the organisation and design <strong>of</strong> circulation can significantly affect the<br />
social dynamics <strong>of</strong> a building, management and security requirements, and the satisfaction<br />
<strong>of</strong> residents. Security and management become issues when higher numbers <strong>of</strong> people<br />
use the same space. Residents sharing access with a smaller number <strong>of</strong> others on their<br />
floor tend to enjoy greater privacy, and a greater sense <strong>of</strong> ownership <strong>of</strong> the space. As a<br />
result they may take more responsibility for the upkeep <strong>of</strong> shared spaces. By contrast,<br />
increasing the number <strong>of</strong> dwellings sharing access on each floor increases the need for<br />
security and management.<br />
5.0.29 Housing must be designed to be safe and secure, welcoming and accessible for all and<br />
contribute to a sense <strong>of</strong> belonging. The entrance to a house/flat marks an important<br />
transition between the public and private domain. Design <strong>of</strong> shared circulation is an<br />
important consideration. The design <strong>of</strong> the how the shared circulation space will operate<br />
is important to the overall. For major developments details are required to be provided in<br />
the Design and Access Statement demonstrating how shared circulation spaces will operate<br />
satisfactorily, including details about the security and servicing arrangements, such as<br />
access control systems and mailbox locations. Mailboxes for buildings with common/shared<br />
entrances should preferably be provided so they can be accessed without compromising<br />
the safety and security <strong>of</strong> the private domain (i.e. deliveries made without accessing the<br />
interior <strong>of</strong> the building so the internal shared circulation space is not compromised by<br />
unauthorised entry).<br />
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5.0.30 It is always more convenient for wheelchair accessible housing to be provided as single<br />
storey accommodation; it enables the relationships between activities and family members<br />
to be simply, swiftly and directly managed. The avoidance <strong>of</strong> lifts in domestic context is<br />
also a clear priority given their cost, the space they occupy, the energy they consume and<br />
their propensity to failure (for further details refer to the Accessible Housing SPD).<br />
5.0.31 The accessibility <strong>of</strong> homes is influenced as much by their context, relationship to the local<br />
infrastructure, and the route to their front doors, as it is by their internal arrangement.<br />
Travel distances are particularly critical in relation to residential accommodation because<br />
very <strong>of</strong>ten the occupiers will be carrying shopping or receiving guests and deliveries. Those<br />
routes should be step free and accessible, the number <strong>of</strong> doors and gates kept to a<br />
minimum and all security devices accessible whilst meeting Secured by Design<br />
requirements.<br />
5.0.32 Further details about housing requirements, such as servicing, rubbish and storage will<br />
be set out in the Planning Standard Guidelines Supplementary Planning Document.<br />
Policy DM 28<br />
Private outdoor space<br />
A. All new development and conversions will be required to provide private outdoor amenity<br />
space in the form <strong>of</strong> gardens and/or balconies and/or ro<strong>of</strong> terraces.<br />
B. Where buildings utilise ro<strong>of</strong>s to provide outdoor amenity space the proposal should take<br />
into consideration issues <strong>of</strong> design, overlooking and crime prevention. Use <strong>of</strong> ro<strong>of</strong>s for amenity<br />
purposes will need to be balanced with the use for green ro<strong>of</strong>s and renewable energy equipment<br />
through careful design which integrates the benefits for amenity, biodiversity and carbon<br />
reduction.<br />
C. A minimum <strong>of</strong> at least 5m 2 <strong>of</strong> private outdoor space is required for 1-2 person dwellings<br />
and an extra 1m 2 should be provided for each additional occupant:<br />
Minimum sizes for private<br />
outdoor space:<br />
Flats/Houses<br />
Unit type (persons)<br />
1p/2p<br />
3p<br />
4p<br />
5p<br />
6p<br />
Minimum (m 2 )<br />
5<br />
6<br />
7<br />
8<br />
9<br />
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Minimum sizes for private<br />
outdoor space:<br />
Unit type (persons)<br />
7p<br />
8p<br />
Minimum (m 2 )<br />
10<br />
11<br />
D. All private outdoor space is required to provide step-free access and a level threshold<br />
from the home.<br />
E. Balconies providing amenity space should have a depth <strong>of</strong> not less than 1.5 metres and<br />
gardens should have a depth <strong>of</strong> not less than 4.5 metres.<br />
F. All ground floor units are required to have access to private outdoor amenity space <strong>of</strong> at<br />
least 30m 2 .<br />
Also refer to Policy DM49 (Play Space) for additional requirements for the provision <strong>of</strong> play<br />
space and DM48 (New Public Open Space).<br />
5.0.33 Private outdoor amenity space requirements have focused on the size <strong>of</strong> gardens. This<br />
has meant that if a new building or converted house has flats that do not have access to<br />
a garden, no other outside space has been provided. Given the dense built character <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Islington</strong>, ground level gardens are difficult to provide, and access is <strong>of</strong>ten given only to<br />
the ground floor residences. If a communal garden is provided good accessibility,<br />
management and maintenance are key to its success. However, this costs money and<br />
still does not provide residents with their own private outdoor space accessible directly<br />
from their home.<br />
5.0.34 Balconies and ro<strong>of</strong> terraces/gardens can help provide some outdoor space for city dwellers<br />
where gardens are not achievable. Larger buildings can have the ability to provide both<br />
private balconies and communal ro<strong>of</strong> terraces. Using ro<strong>of</strong>s for amenity space can reduce<br />
run<strong>of</strong>f <strong>of</strong> rain water by having plants and surfaces which slow the rate <strong>of</strong> water run<strong>of</strong>f. It<br />
is acknowledged there can be a potential conflict in the use <strong>of</strong> ro<strong>of</strong>s between the need for<br />
amenity space and creating green ro<strong>of</strong>s and providing space for renewable energy<br />
purposes. Good design should aim to resolve any potential conflicts between creating<br />
green ro<strong>of</strong>s, providing renewable energy and supplying amenity space on ro<strong>of</strong>s for<br />
residents. It may be that some ro<strong>of</strong> space may not always be suitable for amenity purposes.<br />
5.0.35 Concerns with overlooking and noise have traditionally meant that ro<strong>of</strong> terraces have not<br />
been considered acceptable but careful design can reduce this impact. Concerns regarding<br />
noise should also be considered in the context <strong>of</strong> the noise generated by residents using<br />
their gardens, and how that currently impacts on dwellings above them.<br />
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Policy DM 29<br />
Noise<br />
A. All development proposals shall demonstrate how potential adverse noise impact between<br />
dwellings will be mitigated by housing layout and design.<br />
B. The layout <strong>of</strong> adjacent dwellings and the location <strong>of</strong> lifts and circulation spaces is required<br />
to limit the transmission <strong>of</strong> noise to sound sensitive rooms within dwellings.<br />
C. Sufficient sound insulation with reasonable resistance to airborne sounds shall be installed<br />
in all walls and floors between flats and public or communal areas. Floors between dwellings<br />
and between dwellings and public or communal areas should also have sufficient sound<br />
insulation to ensure resistance to the impact <strong>of</strong> sound.<br />
D. In addition, sound insulation shall be provided to any internal walls which separate<br />
proposed individual dwellings from others and to walls which separate dwellings from any<br />
parts <strong>of</strong> the building which will be in public or communal use, eg. Hallways and staircases.<br />
Again, the level <strong>of</strong> sound insulation is required to be provided to a standard greater than the<br />
standard specified in the ‘Building Regulations 2003 Approved Document E: Resistance to<br />
the Passage <strong>of</strong> Sound’.<br />
E. In high density development or mixed-use development, a higher standard <strong>of</strong> noise<br />
insulation will be sought. 'Floating floor' or independent ceiling construction is required to<br />
separate a residential dwelling from another residential dwelling or commercial development,<br />
eg. restaurant or shop, within the same building.<br />
5.0.36 Noise is a major cause <strong>of</strong> stress in cities, particularly when an individual has no control<br />
over it. Traffic, neighbours and even other occupants within a home can all be sources <strong>of</strong><br />
excessive noise. There is a disproportionate effect on elderly and disabled people and<br />
those with young children. Some residential developments built in noisy locations have<br />
a high level <strong>of</strong> acoustic insulation, however, once a window is opened the impact <strong>of</strong> noise<br />
can be excessive. Windows should be able to be opened to allow natural ventilation and<br />
still provide a reasonable level <strong>of</strong> noise insulation.<br />
5.0.37 Building regulations provide targets for sound reduction; however, these are not necessarily<br />
sufficient for high density living such as that typically found within <strong>Islington</strong>. The location<br />
and internal layout <strong>of</strong> residential accommodation is important to ensure individuals have<br />
opportunities in their home to not be disturbed by noise nuisance from their fellow occupants<br />
or the outside environment.<br />
5.0.38 When designing buildings acoustic conditions need to be considered. Noise from the street<br />
and adjoining properties is an important cause <strong>of</strong> stress, sleep disturbance and friction<br />
between neighbours. Internal layouts should be planned to limit the effect <strong>of</strong> noise from<br />
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adjoining properties in sound sensitive rooms. All new housing within <strong>Islington</strong> should be<br />
built with acoustic insulation and tested to be higher than the current Building Regulations<br />
standards.<br />
Policy DM 30<br />
Sheltered Housing and Care Homes<br />
A. The council will support the provision <strong>of</strong> sheltered housing and care homes provided the<br />
development:<br />
i) will be suitable for the intended occupiers in terms <strong>of</strong> the standard <strong>of</strong> facilities, the level <strong>of</strong><br />
independence, and provision <strong>of</strong> care and/or support; and<br />
ii) will be accessible to public transport, shops, services and community facilities appropriate<br />
to the needs <strong>of</strong> the intended occupiers; and<br />
B. The council will resist development which involves the loss <strong>of</strong> floorspace in sheltered<br />
housing and care homes unless either:<br />
i) adequate replacement accommodation will be provided that satisfies A (i) to (iii) above;<br />
or<br />
ii) it can be demonstrated that there is a surplus over a long-term <strong>of</strong> this housing type in this<br />
area <strong>of</strong> <strong>Islington</strong>.<br />
C. 10% <strong>of</strong> all new housing, calculated against habitable rooms, is designed to be wheelchair<br />
accessible, or easily adaptable for residents who are wheelchair users. The wheelchair<br />
accessible units should be provided across all tenures and deliver appropriate unit sizes.<br />
5.0.39 Sheltered housing is an important form <strong>of</strong> housing which enables people, particularly the<br />
elderly, to live independently with the reassurance <strong>of</strong> someone to call on in emergencies.<br />
Some sheltered housing schemes can <strong>of</strong>fer an extra level <strong>of</strong> care for people who need a<br />
bit more daily assistance but do not need the level <strong>of</strong> care provided in a care home.<br />
Policy DM 31<br />
HMOs & Student Accommodation<br />
A. All new Houses in Multiple Occupation (HMOs) and student accommodation must be<br />
built to <strong>Islington</strong>'s Flexible Home standards (as defined in the Accessible Housing SPD) and<br />
10% <strong>of</strong> bed spaces designed to be wheelchair accessible. The 10% wheelchair accessible<br />
standard rooms must be fully fitted from the outset.<br />
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B. The council will support the provision <strong>of</strong> new HMOs where they:<br />
i) have good accessibility to public transport, shops, services, community facilities;<br />
ii)<br />
iii)<br />
iv)<br />
do not give rise to any adverse amenity impact(s) on the surrounding neighbourhood;<br />
do not result in the loss <strong>of</strong> existing larger housing;<br />
contribute to creating a mixed and inclusive community. ; and<br />
v) there is not an over-concentration in one area.<br />
C. The council will resist the loss <strong>of</strong> HMOs<br />
5.0.40 Houses in multiple occupation (HMOs), which are <strong>of</strong> a good standard, provide an important<br />
part <strong>of</strong> the provision <strong>of</strong> cheaper housing in <strong>Islington</strong>, particularly for young people and<br />
those with low incomes. For some, the availability <strong>of</strong> bedsits or lodgings may be the only<br />
alternative to homelessness. HMOs are generally defined as being houses where more<br />
than six people live together, not as a single household, and their accommodation is not<br />
self-contained. The 10% wheelchair accessible bed spaces should be fully fitted from the<br />
outset because leases are short and turnover relatively high.<br />
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6 Employment<br />
Implementing Core Strategy Policy<br />
This chapter helps implement the following Core Strategy <strong>Policies</strong>:<br />
Policy 13 Employment Spaces<br />
6.0.1 Core Strategy Policy 13 aims to provide for future employment growth in the borough, by<br />
protecting existing employment, including business floorspace and promoting new and/or<br />
intensified floorspace. The policy encourages a range <strong>of</strong> types and sizes <strong>of</strong> new work<br />
spaces, to encourage flexibility and ensure that supply meets local demand. The policy<br />
also aims to address worklessness, by requiring development to contribute to the local<br />
economy through the provision <strong>of</strong> employment and training opportunities. <strong>Policies</strong> within<br />
this section support implementation <strong>of</strong> the Core Strategy.<br />
6.0.2 A loss <strong>of</strong> business floorspace, or a failure <strong>of</strong> developments to provide a sufficient uplift<br />
compared to the existing amount <strong>of</strong> floorspace, would be contrary to business growth<br />
requirements. Policy DM32 addresses this issue.<br />
Policy DM 32<br />
Redevelopment <strong>of</strong> existing business space<br />
A. Inside the Central Activities Zone (CAZ) and town centres a significant uplift <strong>of</strong> business<br />
floorspace is required as part <strong>of</strong> development proposals; this is required to be the maximum<br />
amount <strong>of</strong> business floorspace reasonably possible on the site, whilst complying with other<br />
relevant planning considerations. Clear and robust evidence is required to demonstrate that<br />
the proposed amount <strong>of</strong> business floorspace is the maximum reasonably possible for the site.<br />
B. Outside the CAZ and town centres an uplift <strong>of</strong> business floorspace is required as part <strong>of</strong><br />
redevelopment proposals, where achievable. Where an increase is not achievable and this<br />
has been clearly and robustly demonstrated, the retention or re-provision <strong>of</strong> at least the existing<br />
amount <strong>of</strong> business floorspace is required as part <strong>of</strong> the development.<br />
C. <strong>Development</strong> that will deliver an increase or retention <strong>of</strong> business floorspace should also<br />
provide for a mix <strong>of</strong> suitable uses; however, business uses are required to account for the<br />
majority <strong>of</strong> the net internal floorspace and the above Parts A / B <strong>of</strong> this policy are required to<br />
be complied with.<br />
D. Planning permission will be refused for a loss or reduction <strong>of</strong> business floorspace, except<br />
where exceptional circumstances can be clearly and robustly justified.<br />
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E. The redevelopment <strong>of</strong> existing floorspace within Use Classes B2 and B8 will only be<br />
permitted where a reprovision or increase <strong>of</strong> the existing amount <strong>of</strong> employment floorspace<br />
within Use Classes B2 and B8 would occur as part <strong>of</strong> development proposals.<br />
6.0.3 The <strong>Islington</strong> Employment Study Update (2008) identifies a need for 529,430m 2 <strong>of</strong> additional<br />
B-Use floorspace 2006-2026. There is an identified supply <strong>of</strong> 65,000m 2 <strong>of</strong> unimplemented<br />
planning permissions. Accounting for this, the B-Use floorspace requirement is 464,000m 2 ,<br />
which corresponds to 371,544 m 2 over the period 2011-2026. This is a 20.5% increase<br />
on the existing 1,810,000m 2 . This is a conservative estimate, given that not all<br />
unimplemented planning permissions will be implemented. Based on this evidence a<br />
significant increase in business floorspace is required on development sites, which shall<br />
be the maximum that can be accommodated, subject to the full range <strong>of</strong> other planning<br />
policies and considerations.<br />
6.0.4 In relation to Parts A and B <strong>of</strong> policy DM32 evidence to demonstrate that the maximum<br />
amount <strong>of</strong> business floorspace reasonably possible on site is proposed shall include<br />
evidence <strong>of</strong> a lack <strong>of</strong> demand for a greater level <strong>of</strong> business floorspace than the proposed<br />
amount. Where there is no demand for business floorspace above existing amounts<br />
evidence in the form <strong>of</strong> a market demand analysis produced by a suitably qualified and<br />
impartial organisation is required to be submitted.<br />
6.0.5 In relation to any loss <strong>of</strong> business floorspace and / or floorspace within Use Classes B2<br />
and/or B8 planning applications must demonstrate clear and robust evidence that there<br />
is no demand for use <strong>of</strong> the building, unit and/or site for these purposes. This evidence<br />
requires an active marketing period <strong>of</strong> at least 2 years, which is shown to be unsuccessful.<br />
Active marketing should include all <strong>of</strong> the following:<br />
1. contact information posted in a prominent location on site, in the form <strong>of</strong> an advertising<br />
board (subject to advertising consent, if required);<br />
2. property registered with at least one commercial property agent;<br />
3. property details / particulars available to inquirers on request;<br />
4. property registered with the council's business support team;<br />
5. property marketed for a range <strong>of</strong> business uses and/or B2 and/or B8, where<br />
appropriate, taking account <strong>of</strong> permitted changes <strong>of</strong> use, and<br />
6. property marketed at a reasonable price, including in relation to condition, quality and<br />
location <strong>of</strong> floorspace.<br />
6.0.6 Sufficient detailed information is required to be submitted alongside any planning application<br />
to demonstrate compliance with the above criteria, and information is required to be<br />
submitted with regards to:<br />
1. the number and details <strong>of</strong> enquiries received;<br />
2. the number <strong>of</strong> viewings;<br />
3. the number, type, proposed uses and value <strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong>fers received;<br />
4. reasons for refusal <strong>of</strong> any <strong>of</strong>fer received, and / or reasons why any <strong>of</strong>fers fell through;<br />
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5. the asking price / rent the site / property has been <strong>of</strong>fered at, including a pr<strong>of</strong>essional<br />
valuation from at least three agents to confirm that this is reasonable;<br />
6. the length <strong>of</strong> marketing period (at least 2 years minimum continuous marketing),<br />
including dates, and<br />
7. the length <strong>of</strong> the vacancy period.<br />
6.0.7 Use Classes B2 and B8 have a strategic function in the borough and in London, providing<br />
a service to the CAZ, but do not necessarily generate high employment densities on site.<br />
The protection <strong>of</strong> these uses is considered important for strategic reasons.<br />
Policy DM 33<br />
New Employment Space<br />
A. New employment space is required to be designed to allow for future flexibility for a range<br />
<strong>of</strong> uses and to cater for the possibility <strong>of</strong> future sub-division and / or amalgamation for a range<br />
<strong>of</strong> accommodation, including smaller units.<br />
B. New employment space is required to include active frontages at ground floor level, where<br />
this would be beneficial to the street.<br />
C. Planning applications for live-work units and apart-hotels will be considered as an<br />
application for residential use.<br />
6.0.8 Flexible design includes the provision <strong>of</strong> adequate floor to ceiling heights, and the provision<br />
<strong>of</strong> well-located lift cores, accesses and loading facilities so that the building is suitable and<br />
/ or adaptable for a range <strong>of</strong> uses.<br />
6.0.9 Full details <strong>of</strong> servicing, including delivery hours and frequency, and service bay location<br />
and operation (including swept path analysis) are required in relation servicing<br />
arrangements, where relevant. The council will, where appropriate, control aspects <strong>of</strong><br />
servicing by condition. Policy DM 24 refers to servicing.<br />
6.0.10 Active frontages have advantages, in terms <strong>of</strong> natural surveillance and improving the<br />
vitality and liveliness <strong>of</strong> a street and area, and will be beneficial for properties within the<br />
public realm.<br />
6.0.11 Live-work units, due to the higher property value <strong>of</strong> residential units, are generally used<br />
for residential purposes and do not generate significant employment.<br />
6.0.12 Apart-hotels, or serviced apartments, are a sui generis use. They can be occupied for long<br />
lengths <strong>of</strong> time and therefore there is a need for them to meet residential standards and<br />
to have a high level <strong>of</strong> amenity. In addition they generate a very limited amount <strong>of</strong><br />
employment on site. As such they will be considered as an application for residential use.<br />
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7 Shops, Leisure and Services<br />
Implementing Core Strategy Policy<br />
This chapter helps implement the following Core Strategy <strong>Policies</strong>:<br />
Policy 1 Archway, Policy 2 Finsbury Park, Policy 3 Nag's Head and Upper Holloway Road,<br />
Policy 5 Angel, Policy 6 Employment, Policy 14 Retail and Services, Policy 8 Enhancing<br />
<strong>Islington</strong>'s character, Policy 14 Retail and Services<br />
7.0.1 The Core Strategy aims to maintain the existing healthy retail economy and provide a<br />
range <strong>of</strong> goods and services. Major retail and leisure developments should be focused in<br />
the existing town centres, and independent retailers and local shopping areas are promoted<br />
and supported.<br />
7.0.2 <strong>Islington</strong> has four town centres: two are classified as major town centres (Angel and Nag's<br />
Head) and two are district town centres (Archway and Finsbury Park). The boundaries <strong>of</strong><br />
these town centres are shown on Maps 1 to 4. There are also shops spread across the<br />
rest <strong>of</strong> the borough in small local parades or isolated shops . As well as shops there are<br />
other businesses in these town and local shopping parades, such as banks, post <strong>of</strong>fices,<br />
estate agents, dry cleaners, solicitors, cafés, restaurants and hot food take-aways. These<br />
businesses not only help support shopping areas but also provide services and jobs for<br />
local people and other businesses.<br />
7.0.3 Town centres are crucial to the social, economic and environmental well being <strong>of</strong> the<br />
borough. Retailing should constitute the main use within the borough's town centres as it<br />
is an activity undertaken by everyone, and therefore should be accessible to all. The role<br />
and function <strong>of</strong> town centres must meet the needs <strong>of</strong> diverse communities, help reduce<br />
social exclusion, and create opportunities for everyone.<br />
7.0.4 The council seeks to advise and support local employers and service providers as to how<br />
their accommodation and its management can enable them to recruit and retain a diverse<br />
work force and deliver inclusive services,and to honour their duties under the Equalities<br />
Act (2010).<br />
7.0.5 Within town centres there are different concentrations <strong>of</strong> shops and other businesses. The<br />
areas which should mainly be shops are defined as 'primary frontages' and areas that<br />
have greater opportunities for a diversity <strong>of</strong> uses are defined as 'secondary frontages'.<br />
The primary and secondary frontages are designated on the Proposals Map and set out<br />
in Appendix 2.<br />
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Figure 7.1 Hierarchy <strong>of</strong> Shops<br />
Policy DM 34<br />
Promoting small and independent shops<br />
A. The council will encourage the provision <strong>of</strong> accessible small shops (typically a 'small<br />
shop' is a unit with 80m 2<br />
gross floorspace or less, occupied by an independent retailer or<br />
service outlet) suitable for small and independent retailers throughout the borough by:<br />
i) requiring large retail developments to include a proportion <strong>of</strong> small units;<br />
ii) encouraging the occupation <strong>of</strong> shops by independent retailers and the provision <strong>of</strong><br />
affordable premises; and<br />
iii) where appropriate, attaching conditions to planning permissions for retail development<br />
to remove the ability to amalgamate units into larger premises.<br />
7.0.6 <strong>Islington</strong>'s many small and independent shops give the borough its character. Specialist<br />
shopping areas, such as Camden passage are nationally, as well as locally, known and<br />
add to <strong>Islington</strong>'s distinctiveness and attractiveness as a place to live in and visit.<br />
7.0.7 <strong>Islington</strong>'s local shops provide for the day-to-day needs <strong>of</strong> the local population, workers<br />
and visitors and help to provide locally accessible facilities for those on low income, the<br />
elderly and people with mobility difficulties. Small and independent shops allow people to<br />
shop locally on foot, and can provide greater consumer choice and local employment.<br />
They can also play an important social role in the community, as well as contributing to<br />
the unique character and identity <strong>of</strong> the local area.<br />
7.0.8 However, over recent years there has been a decline in local shops. There are various<br />
national campaigns to encourage people to shop locally, and <strong>Islington</strong> has introduced<br />
various initiatives to encourage and promote small and independent shops. One example<br />
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is the production <strong>of</strong> the 'Essential Guide to <strong>Islington</strong>' which includes highlights about<br />
shopping within the borough. <strong>Islington</strong> is well known for the quality and diversity <strong>of</strong> its local<br />
shops and the council wants to encourage people to shop locally within the borough. The<br />
council will actively promote independent retail.<br />
7.0.9 The council will encourage developers and owners to seek independent retailers for small<br />
units where possible, and provide premises at affordable rents to encourage small<br />
businesses. 'Affordable rents' are considered to be those which are significantly lower<br />
than the market rate and 'independent retailers' are understood to generally mean, a single<br />
retail outlet, or a chain <strong>of</strong> two or three stores, managed by either a sole trader or a family<br />
firm. The policy about promoting small and independent shops sets out some <strong>of</strong> the<br />
measures the council can pursue in order to encourage and promote the provision <strong>of</strong> small<br />
and independent shops in new developments, and to protect shops outside <strong>of</strong> centres.<br />
7.0.10 The council will develop a better understanding <strong>of</strong> small and independent shops within<br />
<strong>Islington</strong> when undertaking further review and analysis as part <strong>of</strong> the development <strong>of</strong> the<br />
SPDs for each <strong>of</strong> the town centres.<br />
Policy DM 35<br />
Concentration <strong>of</strong> Uses<br />
A. Night-time activities are generally appropriate in town centres.<br />
B. Uses that support the night-time economy within town centres, such as cinemas, theatres,<br />
restaurants, pubs and other similar uses will be supported if:<br />
i) they are compatible with other town centre uses; and<br />
ii) there is not an adverse effect on the amenity <strong>of</strong> nearby uses, and surrounding residential<br />
areas.<br />
C. The council will discourage proposals that will result in a unacceptable concentration <strong>of</strong><br />
similar uses in one area or uses that will have a singular or cumulative effect on the area as<br />
a result <strong>of</strong> disturbance, amenity or type <strong>of</strong> facility. The council’s adopted statement <strong>of</strong> licensing<br />
policy, which is location specific, will be a key consideration in assessing proposals.<br />
D. When assessing proposals for restaurants, cafés, betting shops, estate agents, amusement<br />
centres, casinos, nightclubs, drinking establishments and hot food takeaways the council will<br />
take into account the following:<br />
i) the hours <strong>of</strong> opening, operation and delivery;<br />
ii)<br />
iii)<br />
the effectiveness <strong>of</strong> measures to mitigate odour and noise from the premises;<br />
where appropriate the proportion <strong>of</strong> existing A2, A3, A4 and A5 uses within an area, and<br />
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iv) the proximity to education uses.<br />
7.0.11 Due to the borough's densely developed, mixed-use nature, much night-time activity occurs<br />
close to places where people live. While this can make a positive contribution, a<br />
concentration <strong>of</strong> night-time uses can change the character <strong>of</strong> the area and reduce the<br />
range <strong>of</strong> shops or the quality <strong>of</strong> the shopping environment. The council will seek to prevent<br />
concentrations <strong>of</strong> uses that would harm an area's attractiveness to shoppers or its<br />
residential amenity. The council may resist the concentration <strong>of</strong> food, drink and<br />
entertainment uses where they cause harm to the character, function and amenity <strong>of</strong><br />
residents within an area.<br />
7.0.12 Night-time activities can contribute positively to the vitality and vibrancy <strong>of</strong> town centres.<br />
They can improve levels <strong>of</strong> safety and perceptions <strong>of</strong> personal safety <strong>of</strong> an area by providing<br />
informal surveillance for passers-by. However, if not properly managed they can result in<br />
adverse effect on the surrounding neighbourhood with adverse amenity effects generated<br />
from noise and anti-social behaviour.<br />
7.0.13 The council will ensure that development <strong>of</strong> shopping, services, food, drink, entertainment<br />
and other town centre uses do not cause harm to the character, function, vitality and<br />
viability <strong>of</strong> a centre, engender social exclusion or harassment, or damage the local area<br />
or the amenity <strong>of</strong> neighbours.<br />
7.0.14 When considering applications for hot food takeaways proximity to educational<br />
establishments will be taken into account with a view to protecting children’s health.<br />
Applications for hot food takeaways in close proximity to schools will be refused.<br />
7.0.15 The council would like to see a wide range <strong>of</strong> entertainment and cultural uses within its<br />
centres, not just those that primarily involve drinking, and will encourage suitable uses<br />
that contribute towards this.<br />
7.0.16 The council acknowledges that conflicts between uses can <strong>of</strong>ten be adequately managed<br />
using its statutory duties under the Licensing Act 2003, rather than by regulating planning<br />
use classes. As such, and to ensure consistency in decision-making, the policy provides<br />
flexibility in determining appropriate locations for entertainment uses, and requires the<br />
council’s statement <strong>of</strong> licensing policy to be a key consideration in assessing proposals.<br />
7.0.17 The council considers that some types <strong>of</strong> shops and services (referred to as key local<br />
shops) should be easily accessible to all residents, and will encourage their provision<br />
across the borough and resist their loss. These key local shops comprise: butcher, baker,<br />
greengrocer, grocer, fishmonger, chemist, post <strong>of</strong>fice, newsagent/confectioner, <strong>of</strong>f-licenses,<br />
dry cleaners and laundrette.<br />
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Policy DM 36<br />
<strong>Development</strong> within Town Centre boundaries<br />
A. The <strong>Islington</strong> town centre boundaries are defined on Maps 7.1 to 7.4, and are designated<br />
on the Proposals Map.<br />
Map 7.1 - Angel<br />
Map 7.2 - Nag's Head<br />
Map 7.3 - Archway<br />
Map 7.4 - Finsbury Park<br />
B. Primary and secondary frontages are designated to manage the different uses in town<br />
centres. Primary and secondary frontages are shown on the Proposals Map, Maps 7.1 to 7.4,<br />
and set out in schedule in Appendix 2.<br />
C. <strong>Development</strong> within the designated town centres is required to:<br />
i) be appropriate to the scale, character and function <strong>of</strong> the centre;<br />
ii)<br />
iii)<br />
not harm the vitality and viability <strong>of</strong> the centre or other centres;<br />
respect and enhance the heritage, character and local distinctiveness <strong>of</strong> the centre;<br />
iv) meet the council's Inclusive Design policies (as set out in the Design and Heritage policies);<br />
and<br />
v) not cause a detrimental disturbance from noise, odour, fumes or other environmental<br />
harm.<br />
D. Supplementary Planning Documents (SPDs) will be produced to provide the detail <strong>of</strong> the<br />
vision for the town centres. These documents will guide development, the type <strong>of</strong> land uses,<br />
size and type <strong>of</strong> shops that should be promoted and/or would be acceptable in different areas<br />
<strong>of</strong> the town centre. These SPDs will also help coordinate improvements between different<br />
agencies, look at public realm and access amongst other things to protect and support local<br />
shops.<br />
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Map 7.1 Angel Town Centre Boundaries and Frontages<br />
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Map 7.2 Nag's Head Town Centre Boundaries and Frontages<br />
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Map 7.3 Archway Town Centre Boundary & Frontages<br />
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Map 7.4 Finsbury Park Town Centre Boundary & Frontages<br />
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Policy DM 37<br />
Primary frontages<br />
A. The primary shopping frontages in the borough are designated on the Proposals Map<br />
and in Appendix 2 and shown on Maps 7.1 to 7.4.<br />
B. <strong>Development</strong> within the primary shopping frontages shall maintain or increase the provision<br />
<strong>of</strong> shops (Use Class A1).<br />
C. Proposals to change the use <strong>of</strong> existing retail premises (Use Class A1) in primary shopping<br />
frontages will not be permitted unless all the following criteria are satisfied:<br />
i) the resulting proportion <strong>of</strong> retail units would not fall below 70% in the primary frontage;<br />
ii) the proposed change <strong>of</strong> use would not result in a break in continuity <strong>of</strong> retail frontage <strong>of</strong><br />
more than one non-retail unit in any frontage;<br />
iii) the premises has been vacant for a period <strong>of</strong> at least 2 years and marketing evidence<br />
for this 2 year vacancy period is provided and demonstrates there is no realistic prospect <strong>of</strong><br />
the unit being used for retail;<br />
iv) the proposed use would not have a detrimental effect on the predominantly retail function<br />
and character <strong>of</strong> the centre, and its vitality and viability, and<br />
vi)<br />
all proposed uses on the ground floor would provide an active frontage.<br />
Policy DM 38<br />
Secondary frontages<br />
A. The secondary shopping frontages in the borough are designated on the Proposals Map<br />
and Appendix 2 and shown on Maps 7.1 to 7.4.<br />
B. Within secondary shopping frontages the council will retain the general retail (Use Class<br />
A1) character <strong>of</strong> the frontage while permitting a limited number <strong>of</strong> non-retail units. Proposals<br />
to change the use <strong>of</strong> existing retail premises will not be permitted unless all <strong>of</strong> the following<br />
criteria are satisfied:<br />
i) the resulting proportion <strong>of</strong> retail units would not fall below 50% in the secondary frontage;<br />
ii) the proposed change <strong>of</strong> use would not result in a break in continuity <strong>of</strong> retail frontage <strong>of</strong><br />
more than two non-retail units in any frontage;<br />
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iii) the premises has been vacant for a period <strong>of</strong> at least 2 years and marketing evidence<br />
for this 2 year vacancy period is provided and demonstrates there is no realistic prospect <strong>of</strong><br />
the unit being used for retail (Use Class A1);<br />
iv) the proposed use would support the retail function and character <strong>of</strong> the town centre, and<br />
its vitality and viability;<br />
v) the proposed use would provide a service to shoppers, and<br />
vi)<br />
the proposed use on the ground floor would provide an active frontage.<br />
C. In judging the acceptability <strong>of</strong> proposals for non-retail uses the council will have regard<br />
to all <strong>of</strong> the following criteria:<br />
i) the number <strong>of</strong> similar uses in and around the area, and their accessibility for all users;<br />
ii)<br />
the compatibility <strong>of</strong> the proposed use with the shopping frontage, and<br />
iii) the impact on the physical environment, including any impacts on the appearance <strong>of</strong> the<br />
frontage.<br />
7.0.18 Achieving the right balance <strong>of</strong> retail and non-retail uses within <strong>Islington</strong>'s town centres is<br />
critical to ensuring their vitality and viability. For this reason it is important that a ‘critical<br />
mass’ <strong>of</strong> retailing uses is maintained within the primary shopping areas <strong>of</strong> the borough’s<br />
town centres. Outside these areas, there is more scope to introduce other town centre<br />
uses, providing greater opportunities for flexibility and a diversity <strong>of</strong> uses in the interests<br />
<strong>of</strong> maintaining and enhancing a town centre’s vitality and viability.<br />
7.0.19 The primary and secondary frontages are set out on the Proposals Map and Appendix 2.<br />
Within the primary frontage, retail is the principal and dominant land use. Primary shopping<br />
frontages contain the most important shopping facilities which attract the greatest number<br />
<strong>of</strong> customers and which contribute to the vibrancy and vitality <strong>of</strong> the centre. Secondary<br />
frontages support the retail function <strong>of</strong> the primary frontage <strong>of</strong> the centre. Within the primary<br />
and secondary frontages, the council will not support uses that do not complement and<br />
maintain the surrounding retail character. The council will seek to retain all class A1 uses<br />
within the primary frontages and maintain a continuous retail frontage. Within the secondary<br />
frontages there may be more flexibility about the proportion <strong>of</strong> non-A1 uses that will be<br />
permitted as it is recognised that town centres should perform a function beyond retail to<br />
ensure vitality and viability <strong>of</strong> these places. Suitable non-retail uses may include banks,<br />
building societies, job centres, small service <strong>of</strong>fices, advice centres, clinics and other health<br />
and welfare services, theatres, restaurants and community uses which are appropriate to<br />
a town centre.<br />
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7.0.20 Each town centre within the borough has its own distinct character. <strong>Development</strong> must<br />
respect and enhance this, whilst meeting modern needs for suitable provision. The council<br />
has collated, and will continue to gather, information on the diversity and level <strong>of</strong> inclusion<br />
achieved in its town centres. This will be reflected in SPDs to be produced for the town<br />
centres, and for shopping areas that are historic and/or locally important.<br />
7.0.21 Before accepting the loss <strong>of</strong> any retail unit, the council will require satisfactory evidence<br />
<strong>of</strong> full and proper marketing that has taken place for at least two years or more and the<br />
unit <strong>of</strong>fered for retail use at a reasonable market rate. If the retention <strong>of</strong> the retail use is<br />
proven to not be possible then other compatible town centre uses should be considered<br />
before residential use.<br />
7.0.22 The council will not grant planning permission for development it considers would cause<br />
harm to the character, amenity, function, vitality and viability <strong>of</strong> a town centre.<br />
7.0.23 Accessible services, such as GP surgeries, solicitors, post <strong>of</strong>fices, pharmacies, groceries<br />
and news agents are essential to the vitality and viability <strong>of</strong> our town centres. Maintaining<br />
these services will contribute to the inclusivity and sustainability <strong>of</strong> local communities,<br />
reducing the number and length <strong>of</strong> local journeys undertaken and promoting a sense <strong>of</strong><br />
local sufficiency.<br />
7.0.24 Applications for betting shops (A2 use) will be resisted. In addition to planning control<br />
betting shops are also subject to licensing control.<br />
Policy DM 39<br />
Local Shopping Parades<br />
A. Local shopping parades are designated on the Proposals Map, and are shown in Appendix<br />
3.<br />
B. Proposals to change the use <strong>of</strong> existing retail premises (Use Class A1) will not be permitted<br />
unless all <strong>of</strong> the following criteria are satisfied:<br />
i) the premises has been vacant for a period <strong>of</strong> at least 2 years and marketing evidence for<br />
this 2 year vacancy period is provided and demonstrates there is no realistic prospect <strong>of</strong> the<br />
unit being used for retail (Use Class A1);<br />
ii) individually, or cumulatively, the proposed use would not have an adverse effect on the<br />
vitality, viability and predominantly retail function (where appropriate) <strong>of</strong> the parade;<br />
iii) there is an alternative accessible provision <strong>of</strong> retail use within 400 metres (approximately<br />
a 5 minute walk);<br />
iv) where applicable, the change <strong>of</strong> use would not result in a significant break in the continuity<br />
<strong>of</strong> retail frontages, and<br />
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v) the proposed use would contribute to the vitality and viability <strong>of</strong> the local shopping parade<br />
and would not adversely affect the surrounding neighbourhood.<br />
C. Other community or commercial uses may be appropriate to support viability and vitality<br />
<strong>of</strong> the area in preference to a change <strong>of</strong> use to residential. The following sequential hierarchy<br />
shall be followed when assessing proposed changes <strong>of</strong> use:<br />
i) Use Class A2 (financial and pr<strong>of</strong>essional services, with the exception <strong>of</strong> betting shops)<br />
ii)<br />
Use Class A3 (restaurants and cafés)<br />
iii) Use Class D1 (non-residential institutions)<br />
iv) Use Class B1 (business)<br />
v) Use Class C3 (dwelling houses)<br />
D. The council will support and encourage local trader associations and property freeholders<br />
to coordinate management activities within the local shopping parade. This includes running<br />
street markets, events, customer service, access awareness training, activities, exhibitions<br />
and leasing properties.<br />
7.0.25 There are numerous local shopping parades and individual (local) shops within the borough<br />
which complement the larger town centres (refer Appendix 3) . These local shopping<br />
parades provide a valuable service to the local community, by meeting the day-to-day<br />
needs <strong>of</strong> the local population, workers and visitors. They can also provide locally accessible<br />
facilities for people with mobility difficulties. They can provide an important social role for<br />
the surrounding community, as well as contributing to the character and identity <strong>of</strong> the<br />
area. The council will, therefore, seek to retain these units in retail use unless it can be<br />
demonstrated that they no longer serve a function to the local community and are unable<br />
to be rented for retail use.<br />
7.0.26 The council will resist the loss <strong>of</strong> shops (Class A1) unless there is an alternative readily<br />
accessible and convenient provision within 400 metres for all users (approximately a 5<br />
minute walk). This alternative provision must take account <strong>of</strong> the quality <strong>of</strong> this route (such<br />
as highways to cross, gradient and lighting). Commercial uses will be preferred over a<br />
change <strong>of</strong> use to residential.<br />
7.0.27 Where there is a loss <strong>of</strong> retail use, appropriate alternative uses are considered to be those<br />
which provide essential services for residents. While betting shops fall within the A2 use<br />
class applications for betting shops will be resisted. In addition to planning control betting<br />
shops are also subject to licensing control.<br />
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Policy DM 40<br />
Individual (Local) Shops<br />
A. The council will support and protect individual (local) shops (Use Class A1) located outside<br />
the designated town centres and local shopping parades, which serve local needs, and will<br />
seek to ensure that there is accessible provision <strong>of</strong> essential daily goods within reasonable<br />
walking distance around the borough.<br />
B. Proposals to change the use <strong>of</strong> existing individual (local) shops (Use Class A1) will not<br />
be permitted unless:<br />
i) the premises has been vacant for a period <strong>of</strong> at least 2 years and marketing evidence<br />
for this 2 year vacancy period is provided and demonstrates there is no realistic prospect <strong>of</strong><br />
the unit being used for retail (Use Class A1);<br />
ii)<br />
iii)<br />
the existing retail use is inappropriate in terms <strong>of</strong> access or neighbourliness; and/or<br />
the proposed use would provide a community service or function.<br />
C. Other community or commercial uses may be appropriate to support viability and vitality<br />
<strong>of</strong> the area in preference to a change <strong>of</strong> use to residential. The following sequential hierarchy<br />
shall be followed when assessing proposed changes <strong>of</strong> use:<br />
i) Use Class A2 (financial and pr<strong>of</strong>essional services, with the exception <strong>of</strong> betting shops)<br />
ii)<br />
Use Class A3 (restaurants and cafés)<br />
iii) Use Class D1 (non-residential institutions)<br />
iv) Use Class B1 (business)<br />
v) Use Class C3 (dwelling houses)<br />
D. The council will discourage the loss <strong>of</strong> other A-uses where they contribute to the liveliness<br />
and vitality <strong>of</strong> the neighbourhood and provide a service <strong>of</strong> particular local value and do not<br />
harm the character, appearance and amenity <strong>of</strong> the area.<br />
E. New retail units to serve new housing developments may be required where there are<br />
none provided within reasonable walking distance (approximately 400 metres).<br />
7.0.28 Policy 14 <strong>of</strong> the Core Strategy (Retail and Services) Part D states that independent retail<br />
will be actively promoted and major retail developments will be required to provide a good<br />
supply <strong>of</strong> smaller retail units.<br />
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7.0.29 Individual (local) shops can provide a valuable service to the local community, providing<br />
for day-to-day needs <strong>of</strong> the local populations, providing locally accessible facilities for<br />
people with mobility difficulties. The council encourages essential services to be provided<br />
- e.g. corner shop, post <strong>of</strong>fice, pharmacy, clinic, advice centres etc<br />
7.0.30 There is significant competition between different land uses, particularly for conversion <strong>of</strong><br />
individual (local) shops to residential use in areas outside town centres and local shopping<br />
parades. The council will seek to retain these units in retail use unless it can be<br />
demonstrated that they have been vacant for a period <strong>of</strong> two years or more; are unable<br />
to be marketed for retail use; and no longer serve a function to the local community. The<br />
council will resist the loss <strong>of</strong> shops (Use Class A1) unless there is an alternative accessible<br />
provision within 400 metres (approximately a 5 minute walk).<br />
7.0.31 Where there is a loss <strong>of</strong> retail (Use Class A1), appropriate alternative uses are considered<br />
to be those which provide essential services for residents. While betting shops fall within<br />
the A2 Use Class, applications for betting shops will be resisted. In addition to planning<br />
control betting shops are also subject to licensing control.<br />
7.0.32 In relation to any loss <strong>of</strong> retail (Use Class A1), planning applications must demonstrate<br />
clear and robust evidence that there is no demand for use <strong>of</strong> the building / unit for this<br />
purpose. This marketing evidence requires an active marketing period <strong>of</strong> at least 2 years,<br />
which is shown to be unsuccessful. Active marketing should include all <strong>of</strong> the following:<br />
1. contact information posted in a prominent location on site, in the form <strong>of</strong> an advertising<br />
board (subject to advertising consent, if required);<br />
2. property registered with at least one commercial property agent;<br />
3. property details / particulars available to inquirers on request;<br />
4. property registered with the council's business support team;<br />
5. property marketed for retail (Use Class A1), where appropriate, taking account <strong>of</strong><br />
permitted changes <strong>of</strong> use, and<br />
6. property marketed at a reasonable price, including in relation to condition, quality and<br />
location <strong>of</strong> floorspace.<br />
7.0.33 Sufficient detailed information is required to be submitted alongside any planning application<br />
to demonstrate compliance with the above criteria, and information is required to be<br />
submitted with regards to:<br />
1. the number and details <strong>of</strong> enquiries received;<br />
2. the number <strong>of</strong> viewings;<br />
3. the number, type, proposed uses and value <strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong>fers received;<br />
4. reasons for refusal <strong>of</strong> any <strong>of</strong>fer received, and / or reasons why any <strong>of</strong>fers fell through;<br />
5. the asking price / rent the site / property has been <strong>of</strong>fered at, including a pr<strong>of</strong>essional<br />
valuation from at least three agents to confirm that this is reasonable;<br />
6. the length <strong>of</strong> marketing period (at least 2 years minimum continuous marketing),<br />
including dates, and<br />
7. the length <strong>of</strong> the vacancy period.<br />
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Policy DM 41<br />
Shop Fronts<br />
A. Within primary and secondary frontages A-uses premises shall retain a window display<br />
at all times in the window(s) fronting the street at ground floor level, to contribute to the vitality<br />
and viability <strong>of</strong> the town centre.<br />
B. The council will resist the removal <strong>of</strong> shop fronts <strong>of</strong> architectural or historic interest,<br />
including those on the Register <strong>of</strong> Locally Significant Shopfronts.<br />
C. The council will expect proposals for new shop fronts and alterations to existing shop<br />
fronts to demonstrate a high quality <strong>of</strong> design, which complements the original design,<br />
proportions, materials and detailing <strong>of</strong> the shop front, surrounding streetscene and the building<br />
<strong>of</strong> which it forms part.<br />
D. Blinds, canopies or shutters, where acceptable in principle, must be appropriate to the<br />
character <strong>of</strong> the shop-front and its setting; external security grilles will not normally be permitted;<br />
in sensitive areas, rigid and gloss finish blinds will generally be unacceptable.<br />
E. Signage and illumination to shop fronts must be sited so as not to cause visual intrusion<br />
from light pollution into adjoining or nearby residential properties, flashing internal or external<br />
lighting, and/or internally illuminated box signs will not be permitted.<br />
F. New shop fronts must be designed to allow equal access for all users, incorporating the<br />
highest practicable standard <strong>of</strong> access and inclusion. The use within the curtilage <strong>of</strong> the building<br />
shall not reduce access for other pavement users.<br />
G. Proposals are required to take account <strong>of</strong> the council's Shopfront Design Guide.<br />
7.0.34 <strong>Islington</strong> has many important shopping areas and groups <strong>of</strong> shops which are <strong>of</strong>ten busy<br />
and well-known public places with their own distinctive character and history. Unfortunately,<br />
the character and quality <strong>of</strong> some <strong>of</strong> the traditional shopping streets in <strong>Islington</strong> has been<br />
eroded by poor, careless and unsympathetic alterations to shop fronts. Widespread use<br />
<strong>of</strong> relatively cheap materials and standardised shop front designs has led to a loss <strong>of</strong> local<br />
distinctiveness. Inappropriate shop fronts and large attention grabbing signs dominate the<br />
street scene in some places, and this has had a negative impact on historically important<br />
buildings, as well some <strong>of</strong> the shopping areas. The council is committed to reversing this<br />
trend and ensuring that alterations to shop fronts in <strong>Islington</strong> are well designed, and<br />
contribute positively to the surrounding area. This will not only help businesses, but will<br />
also improve the streetscape for all the people that use it.<br />
7.0.35 The design <strong>of</strong> new shopfronts and alterations to existing shopfronts is important both to<br />
the appearance <strong>of</strong> the individual property and to the maintenance <strong>of</strong> the character and<br />
appearance <strong>of</strong> shopping areas. Shop fronts <strong>of</strong> architectural or historic interest make an<br />
important contribution to the character and appearance <strong>of</strong> the borough<br />
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7.0.36 The council will expect well designed accessible shop fronts that respect the character <strong>of</strong><br />
the area and the architectural unity and integrity <strong>of</strong> the shop building <strong>of</strong> which they for a<br />
part <strong>of</strong>. The design <strong>of</strong> a new shop front within a modern building should reflect the design<br />
<strong>of</strong> the building <strong>of</strong> which it forms a part, but should also consider the appearance <strong>of</strong><br />
neighbouring shop fronts in terms <strong>of</strong> fascia lines, stall riser height, materials and other<br />
architectural features. The design <strong>of</strong> a shop front where the traditional surround and shop<br />
front remain complete should be repaired and conserved wherever possible. In listed<br />
buildings these repairs must preserve the character <strong>of</strong> the original shop front and be <strong>of</strong><br />
matching style, materials and construction, whilst delivering a contemporary standard <strong>of</strong><br />
amenity that meets current access standards.<br />
7.0.37 Many pedestrians, particularly those with visual impairments, use the building line as a<br />
navigational aid. That line should wherever possible be retained as a continuous and<br />
unimpeded route. Where interruption is unavoidable (for example where tables and/or<br />
seating is put out in the street environment) the area should be clearly identified, enabling<br />
users to move around the intrusion safely and with confidence.<br />
7.0.38 Poorly sited or badly designed shop signs, including projecting signs, and illumination can<br />
have a detrimental effect on the character and appearance <strong>of</strong> areas and may raise issues<br />
<strong>of</strong> public safety.<br />
7.0.39 The council will pay due regard to the <strong>Islington</strong> Shopfront Design Guide when assessing<br />
proposals concerning shop fronts and shop signs.<br />
7.0.40 Retail development schemes should produce shopfront design details as part <strong>of</strong> the<br />
planning application.<br />
Policy DM 42<br />
Markets<br />
A. The council will seek to maintain, and support the enhancement <strong>of</strong>, existing traditional<br />
street markets within the borough.<br />
7.0.41 There are three well established street markets in <strong>Islington</strong>: Chapel Market, Exmouth<br />
Market and Whitecross Street. Markets are very popular with shoppers and visitors because<br />
<strong>of</strong> their vibrancy, range and variety <strong>of</strong> goods they <strong>of</strong>fer, <strong>of</strong>ten at competitive prices. Markets<br />
add to the character <strong>of</strong> local areas. However, if markets are poorly designed and managed<br />
they can cause harm to surrounding areas in terms <strong>of</strong> congestion <strong>of</strong> local roads, rubbish<br />
and refuse, storage and noise. The council wishes to see all the traditional markets continue<br />
and thrive.<br />
7.0.42 The council will encourage a co-ordinated approach to development and management <strong>of</strong><br />
street markets in matters such as deployment <strong>of</strong> signage, pavement furniture and other<br />
market infrastructure.<br />
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Policy DM 43<br />
Public Houses<br />
A. The council supports the retention <strong>of</strong> public houses and will oppose their conversion or<br />
redevelopment.<br />
B. Changes <strong>of</strong> use from a public house (A4) use will not be permitted where the premises<br />
contribute to the liveliness and vitality<strong>of</strong> the street scene, where they provide a service <strong>of</strong><br />
particular local value, or where a consequence would be the loss <strong>of</strong> important historic features.<br />
C. Change <strong>of</strong> use from a public house (A4) will be considered where:<br />
i) The public house has been vacant for a period <strong>of</strong> 2 years or more; and<br />
ii) Marketing evidence can be provided for a 2 year period to demonstrate there is no realistic<br />
prospect <strong>of</strong> the unit being used for A4 purposes in the foreseeable future; or<br />
iii)<br />
The public house use is inappropriate in terms <strong>of</strong> neighbourliness or access.<br />
7.0.43 Public houses contribute to the historic character and community function <strong>of</strong> a place.<br />
7.0.44 Over recent years there has been a steady decline in the provision <strong>of</strong> public houses,<br />
particularly through conversion to residential use in areas outside town centres and local<br />
shopping parades.<br />
Policy DM 44<br />
Hotels<br />
A. Appropriate locations for hotels and other visitor accommodation are within town centres.<br />
B. Proposals for new hotel and visitor accommodation will only be supported where they:<br />
i) are located in close proximity to train and/or underground services;<br />
ii)<br />
provide necessary pick-up and set down points for taxis and coaches;<br />
iii) are inclusive, providing at least 10% <strong>of</strong> all hotel rooms to wheelchair accessible standards.<br />
The 10% wheelchair accessible standard rooms must be fully fitted from the outset.<br />
iv) do not result in adverse impacts on residential amenity, including cumulative impacts<br />
resulting from a concentration <strong>of</strong> hotel uses in one particular area.<br />
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C. Outside town centres, the council will resist proposals for hotels and other visitor<br />
accommodation.<br />
D. Applications for major hotel developments will be accompanied by information<br />
demonstrating:<br />
i) how impacts on residential amenity will be avoided; and<br />
ii) arrangements for securing public access to ancillary facilities (e.g. restaurants, conference<br />
facilities and gyms).<br />
7.0.45 Given the favourable position <strong>of</strong> <strong>Islington</strong> relative to Central London, the borough has the<br />
potential to increase its share <strong>of</strong> the capital's supply <strong>of</strong> hotels in the plan period. However,<br />
while hotels can create jobs and support the visitor economy, it is important to ensure that<br />
other planning objectives are met: in particular, securing a balance <strong>of</strong> supporting uses,<br />
and maximising residential amenity. In addition, hotels can have specific traffic impacts<br />
that are required to be taken into account.<br />
7.0.46 Town centres are identified as a key location for the provision <strong>of</strong> new hotels in <strong>Islington</strong>.<br />
Currently, the majority <strong>of</strong> <strong>Islington</strong>'s supply is located in areas close to central London, but<br />
there are particular opportunities for new hotels in town centre locations where major<br />
regeneration activities or infrastructure improvements are planned and/or where there is<br />
significant potential for mixed use development. However, within all <strong>of</strong> these areas it is<br />
important to ensure that an appropriate level <strong>of</strong> hotel uses are provided, in order to avoid<br />
impacts on residential amenity, and to ensure that hotel uses support the range <strong>of</strong> retail<br />
and services that exist in town centre locations.<br />
Policy DM 45<br />
<strong>Islington</strong>'s Cultural, Community and Social Uses<br />
A. The council will protect existing community and social facilities by resisting their loss<br />
unless:<br />
i) an inclusive replacement facility can be provided which meets the needs <strong>of</strong> the local<br />
population;<br />
ii) the specific community or social facility is no longer required in its current use. Where<br />
this is the case, robust evidence will be required (e.g. Equalities Impact Assessment) to show<br />
that the loss would not create or increase a shortfall in provision <strong>of</strong> the specific community<br />
use, and demonstrate that there is no demand for any other suitable community use in its<br />
place.<br />
B. The council will consider the provision <strong>of</strong> new cultural and community uses in appropriate<br />
locations.<br />
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C .<br />
New community uses must be:<br />
i) located to be convenient and accessible to the community they serve;<br />
ii)<br />
accessible by a range <strong>of</strong> transport modes, including walking, cycling and public transport;<br />
iii) provided in buildings which are inclusive, accessible, flexible and sited to maximise shared<br />
use <strong>of</strong> the facility.<br />
D. To meet identified demand for any new facilities the council will require:<br />
i) developments which result in any additional need for community facilities to contribute<br />
towards enhancing existing facilities, or providing, or contributing towards new more inclusive<br />
facilities; and<br />
ii) suitable developments to make accessible room(s) available to local community groups<br />
to use or hire at a discounted rate, particularly where development displaces a community<br />
facility.<br />
E. The provision <strong>of</strong> theatres and cinemas in <strong>Islington</strong> is supported. The loss and change <strong>of</strong><br />
use <strong>of</strong> theatres and cinemas and former theatres and cinemas to other uses will be resisted.<br />
7.0.47 Community and social uses include a range <strong>of</strong> different types <strong>of</strong> premises ranging from<br />
community halls to leisure centres (see glossary).<br />
7.0.48 Venues for meetings, social and cultural activities are important for people's quality <strong>of</strong> life<br />
as they provide space for people to meet and socialise. These venues are under pressure<br />
from higher land value uses, such as housing.<br />
7.0.49 Culture, Leisure and Arts are important both to the economy and community well being<br />
<strong>of</strong> people who live and work in the borough. Culture and Leisure activities should continue<br />
to be encouraged and cultivated both <strong>of</strong> the local role and contributing factor to London<br />
as a world city, and for its economic and social impact on quality <strong>of</strong> life. A key issue <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Islington</strong>’s Core Strategy is building on the strengths <strong>of</strong> the borough as a cultural and arts<br />
destination.<br />
7.0.50 There are a number <strong>of</strong> theatres in <strong>Islington</strong>, the most famous theatre is Sadler's Wells,<br />
now established as an excellent performance venue for dance <strong>of</strong> all kinds. Although small<br />
(300 seats) the Almeida Theatre has developed a world, as well as national, reputation<br />
for quality theatre. There is also a large number <strong>of</strong> pub venues providing a range <strong>of</strong><br />
performance, from new plays and dance, to live music and comedy.<br />
7.0.51 Planning permission which involves the loss <strong>of</strong> community and cultural uses, such as<br />
community halls and other public meeting venues, theatres, cinemas will only be granted<br />
where the applicant can demonstrate no need exists for the use, or its loss was necessary<br />
to achieve other planning objectives, and appropriate compensation provided.<br />
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7.0.52 The council’s cultural strategy encourages the use <strong>of</strong> culture to celebrate diversity and<br />
improve quality <strong>of</strong> life.<br />
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8 Healthy Living<br />
8.0.1 The Core Strategy aims to create a healthier and greener borough by protecting existing<br />
open spaces and habitats, and encouraging the creation <strong>of</strong> new ones. Such spaces are<br />
important sites for recreation, relaxation and exercise, and have an important ecological<br />
and environmental function. <strong>Development</strong> should create a healthy environment and not<br />
contribute to negative health outcomes. The provision <strong>of</strong> play space, and sport and<br />
recreation provision, is also important to support a healthy population alongside health<br />
care provision. This section contains policies to support and implement Core Strategy<br />
policies in these areas.<br />
Implementing Core Strategy Policy<br />
This chapter helps implement the following Core Strategy <strong>Policies</strong>:<br />
Policy 15 Open Space and Green Infrastructure, Policy 16 Play Space, Policy 17 Sport and<br />
Recreation Provision, Policy IMP 2 Health Impact Assessments<br />
8.0.2 <strong>Islington</strong> is one <strong>of</strong> the most deprived London boroughs and life expectancy is below the<br />
national average for both men and women. There are notable inequalities in life expectancy<br />
within <strong>Islington</strong>, depending on levels <strong>of</strong> deprivation. Poor health is widespread in the<br />
borough and there are higher than average levels <strong>of</strong> coronary heart disease, cancer,<br />
diabetes, mental health problems, drug misuse, teenage pregnancy and smoking.<br />
8.0.3 NHS <strong>Islington</strong>’s Commissioning Strategy Plan 2008-13 identifies preventing obesity as a<br />
priority for <strong>Islington</strong> because weight and obesity has a major impact on health, increasing<br />
the chances <strong>of</strong> developing diabetes, cancer, and heart and liver disease, and <strong>of</strong>ten resulting<br />
in low self-esteem and poorer quality <strong>of</strong> life.<br />
Policy DM 46<br />
Healthy <strong>Development</strong><br />
A. <strong>Development</strong>s are required to provide healthy environments, reduce environmental<br />
stresses, facilitate physical activity and promote mental well-being. <strong>Development</strong> that contributes<br />
to negative health outcomes will be refused.<br />
B. The council will support the provision <strong>of</strong> new and improved health facilities and their<br />
co-location with other community uses, subject to an assessment <strong>of</strong> the full range <strong>of</strong> planning<br />
considerations.<br />
C. Major developments are required to mitigate health impacts identified in the submitted<br />
Health Impact Assessment, through planning obligations.<br />
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D. Publicly accessible major developments and open spaces are required to provide and<br />
manage publicly accessible toilets and drinking water fountains.<br />
8.0.4 <strong>Development</strong> can improve people's health in <strong>Islington</strong> by facilitating and encouraging<br />
healthy lifestyles, reducing environmental stresses, and promoting mental well-being. For<br />
example, new development can improve healthy eating by increasing the availability and<br />
access to healthy foods and increase participation in physical activity by improving the<br />
built environment and green space, thereby increasing access to facilities. Conversely<br />
development can have negative health impacts, for example, by discouraging walking and<br />
cycling, increasing the supply <strong>of</strong> unhealthy foods, increasing air pollution and noise, and<br />
reducing visual and physical access to green spaces. (3)<br />
8.0.5 A lack <strong>of</strong> toilet facilities at the right time in the right place contributes to dirty streets that<br />
are unsanitary, unpleasant and can spread infection. Public toilets in places like parks<br />
and promenades help to encourage people who may need regular toilet access to take<br />
exercise and stay physically active. Public access to toilets is important for local shops<br />
and businesses too and being able to access a toilet is a fundamental need <strong>of</strong> any visitor<br />
to an area. (4) Publicly accessible major developments such as shops are expected to<br />
provide and manage publicly accessible toilets. Smaller publicly accessible developments<br />
are encouraged to provide publicly accessible toilets where possible.<br />
8.0.6 Access to clean water is essential for our wellbeing and health. Clean water is easily<br />
available in homes, but in public places and buildings such as shops it can be difficult to<br />
find freely accessible drinking water. Bottled water is expensive and uses environmental<br />
resources. Although tap water may be available in places such as cafés and pubs these<br />
are not accessible to everyone. Lack <strong>of</strong> free drinking water in parks and places where<br />
children play can encourage them to consume high calorie s<strong>of</strong>t drinks which are linked to<br />
childhood obesity and tooth decay (5) . Ensuring there is a good supply <strong>of</strong> public drinking<br />
water fountains in <strong>Islington</strong> will improve public health and is more environmentally and<br />
socially sustainable that buying bottled water.<br />
3 Effect <strong>of</strong> exposure to natural environment on health inequalities: an observational population<br />
study. Mitchell, R. and Popham, F. The Lancet - 8 November 2008 (Vol. 372, Issue 9650,<br />
Pages 1655 - 1660)<br />
4 Improving Public Access to Better Quality Toilets, A Strategic Guide. DCLG, 2008<br />
5 Thirsty play: A survey <strong>of</strong> drinking water provision in public parks. The Children's Food<br />
Campaign, May 2010<br />
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Policy DM 47<br />
Protecting existing open space<br />
A. All open spaces are protected: no development is permitted on this land. Should the<br />
council accept, in exceptional circumstances, development <strong>of</strong> this land, high quality re-provision<br />
will be required, to serve existing users <strong>of</strong> the space and any uplift in users associated with<br />
the development and to provide equal open space, habitat area and value, and functionality<br />
<strong>of</strong> the space.<br />
B. <strong>Development</strong> proposals within the vicinity <strong>of</strong> open space are required to be designed to<br />
ensure there are no negative impacts on amenity, ecological value and functionality <strong>of</strong> the<br />
space. The council will only permit developments that would have a negative impact on public<br />
spaces where full mitigation is provided.<br />
C. All habitats, including Sites <strong>of</strong> Importance for Nature Conservation (SINCs) and other<br />
habitats covered by regional and local Biodiversity Action Plans are protected: no development<br />
is permitted on this land. Should the council accept exceptional circumstances in relation to<br />
development <strong>of</strong> this land, high quality re-provision will be required, which shall provide equal<br />
habitat area and value.<br />
D.<br />
i) The council will protect semi-private amenity spaces, including open space within housing<br />
estates, and other similar spaces in the borough not designated as open space. <strong>Development</strong><br />
<strong>of</strong> these spaces will not be permitted unless full reprovision is provided.<br />
ii) The council will encourage greater public use <strong>of</strong> suitable semi-private amenity spaces,<br />
including use as public open space, play space, wildlife habitat and for local food growing,<br />
provided the space remains substantially undeveloped and open, and provided that accessibility<br />
to the public is maintained or improved. Privacy and other amenity issues, including in relation<br />
to existing residents within the vicinity <strong>of</strong> the space, shall be a key consideration in assessing<br />
the suitability <strong>of</strong> semi-private amenity spaces for greater public use.<br />
8.0.7 Map 8.1 identifies open spaces, which consist <strong>of</strong> s<strong>of</strong>t and hard landscaped areas. S<strong>of</strong>t<br />
landscaped areas include public parks. Hard landscaped areas include civic spaces and<br />
other hard landscaping within the public realm. Map 8.2 identifies Sites <strong>of</strong> Importance for<br />
Nature Conservation. Map 8.2 is taken from the Core Strategy, but an up-dated version<br />
will be produced for later stages <strong>of</strong> this <strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong> <strong>Policies</strong> document.<br />
These sites will be identified on the Proposals Map. This is not an exhaustive record with<br />
regards to policy DM 47. These maps may be up-dated during the plan-period to<br />
incorporate new or altered spaces and habitats. These maps do not identify Metropolitan<br />
Open Land, which is protected by higher tier policy.<br />
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Map 8.1 Open spaces<br />
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Map 8.2 Biodiversity habitats<br />
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Policy DM 48<br />
New open space<br />
A. Major developments are required to provide on-site open space in accordance with the<br />
space standards detailed within the Planning Obligations (S106) SPD (2009), or any subsequent<br />
amendment, addition or replacement to this SPD. This shall be provided in addition to private<br />
amenity space and landscaping and shall be fully publicly-accessible without any restrictions.<br />
B. In exceptional circumstances, where it is clearly demonstrated that open space cannot be<br />
provided on site, or that the required amount cannot be provided on site in full, a financial<br />
contribution shall be paid to the council towards the provision <strong>of</strong> new open space or<br />
enhancements to existing spaces. This contribution shall be in accordance with the standards<br />
detailed within the Planning Obligations SPD and any amendment to and / or replacement <strong>of</strong><br />
this document.<br />
C. Biodiversity benefits are required to be maximised as part <strong>of</strong> any open space provision.<br />
New or improved open space is required to incorporate areas <strong>of</strong> wildlife habitat complementing<br />
surrounding habitats and supporting the council's Biodiversity Action Plan. In addition, species<br />
chosen for planting across the space are required to maximise biodiversity benefit. Open<br />
spaces within the functional vicinity <strong>of</strong> a Site <strong>of</strong> Importance for Nature Conservation (SINC)<br />
are required to be planted with native species and local provenance species and are required<br />
to complement the species composition in the SINC.<br />
D. Open space should normally be green open space, such as a public park. Areas <strong>of</strong> new<br />
and / or improved hard-landscaped open space, such as civic space, may be considered<br />
appropriate instead <strong>of</strong> green open space, particularly in town centres.<br />
8.0.8 The Planning Obligations SPD requires 5.21m 2 <strong>of</strong> public open space per resident, including<br />
students, and 2.6m 2 <strong>of</strong> public open space per employee or hotel occupant.<br />
8.0.9 Where a financial contribution is applicable, the SPD currently requires a contribution <strong>of</strong><br />
£163 per m 2 <strong>of</strong> required open space (in accordance with the above space standards).<br />
Contributions referred to within the SPD shall be index-linked from July 2009 using a<br />
mutually agreed index, unless the SPD is amended, added to or replaced, in which case<br />
indexation shall commence from the date <strong>of</strong> adoption <strong>of</strong> any new figures. In addition,<br />
indexation shall apply to the agreed financial contribution and reasonable legal fees shall<br />
be paid.<br />
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Policy DM 49<br />
Play space<br />
A. All major residential developments are required to make provision for play, based on<br />
anticipated child yield. Provision shall be 10m 2 <strong>of</strong> play space per child.<br />
B. Play space is required to be provided on site, except where the level <strong>of</strong> play space required<br />
would, in combination with the specifics <strong>of</strong> the development site, result in play space <strong>of</strong> poor<br />
functionality and utility. In such cases, a financial contribution to the council will be required,<br />
which shall be used for improvements to play provision or for the creation <strong>of</strong> new play space,<br />
within the vicinity <strong>of</strong> the development. This financial contribution is defined in the <strong>Council</strong>'s<br />
Planning Obligations SPD; any additions, alterations or replacements to this document shall<br />
also apply to this policy, and any changes to national arrangements for planning obligations.<br />
C. All proposed provision <strong>of</strong> new play space within development sites is required to be<br />
designed in partnership with the London Borough <strong>of</strong> <strong>Islington</strong>, to best practice standards. A<br />
detailed landscape plan is required to be submitted with all major residential planning<br />
applications, which shall include a detailed design for play provision. The design <strong>of</strong> play<br />
provision is required to be inclusive, in accordance with the <strong>Council</strong>'s Inclusive Landscape<br />
Design SPD. Play provision is required to encourage an element <strong>of</strong> positive risk taking and<br />
to incorporate provision for natural play, which may be provided in formal play space, informal<br />
play space, and throughout the landscaping and open spaces <strong>of</strong> developments.<br />
D. All major residential developments in which play space is to be provided on site, are<br />
required to be accompanied by a Play Space <strong>Management</strong> and Maintenance Plan. This plan<br />
shall be adhered to as agreed and conditioned by the council.<br />
8.0.10 Child yield is calculated based on the formulae set out within the <strong>Council</strong>'s Planning<br />
Obligations SPD. The formulae in this SPD, or any additions, alteration or replacements<br />
to this document, apply to this policy.<br />
8.0.11 Of the required 10m 2 <strong>of</strong> play space per child at least 5m 2 should be formal play space;<br />
informal play space should also be provided, and incorporated effectively within landscaping<br />
or open space provision.<br />
8.0.12 The council shall assess whether the required amount <strong>of</strong> play space can be usefully<br />
accommodated on site, or whether a financial payment to the council would be appropriate.<br />
This will be dependant on the site characteristics and the design <strong>of</strong> the development. The<br />
landscaping <strong>of</strong> the development, including play space, should be considered in a holistic<br />
manner, so that a workable play space arrangement can be accommodated on-site<br />
wherever possible. The main circumstances in which a financial contribution is likely to<br />
be appropriate will be where the required level <strong>of</strong> play space is very small, in which case<br />
an assessment will be made as to whether useful provision can be made on site.<br />
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8.0.13 Play spaces should be inclusive, well designed, stimulating, accessible and consider the<br />
wider environment.<br />
Policy DM 50<br />
Sport and recreation<br />
A. The council will encourage opportunities for developments which provide new sport and<br />
recreation facilities, particularly where there is an expressed demand. Major developments<br />
are required to contribute towards investment in sport and recreation facilities, in accordance<br />
with the council's Planning Obligations SPD; any additions, alterations or replacements to this<br />
document shall also apply to this policy, and any changes to national arrangements for planning<br />
obligations.<br />
B. <strong>Development</strong>s that provide private sports and recreation facilities will be required to enter<br />
into a community-use agreement to promote and allow access by local communities.<br />
C. <strong>Development</strong>s that would detrimentally affect existing sport and recreation facilities will be<br />
refused planning permission unless the level and range <strong>of</strong> existing provision is maintained or<br />
re-provided at or above existing levels, including provision for any population uplift associated<br />
with the development.<br />
8.0.14 Sport and recreation facilities within <strong>Islington</strong> are important assets for public health and<br />
enjoyment, and for engendering a sense <strong>of</strong> community. The council will work to retain the<br />
existing level <strong>of</strong> facilities per person and increase provision where possible.<br />
8.0.15 Community use agreements shall allow for access by the community for at least 20% <strong>of</strong><br />
the time, to the full range <strong>of</strong> facilities on <strong>of</strong>fer, for a range <strong>of</strong> peak and <strong>of</strong>f-peak times, at<br />
a reduced cost. Details shall be negotiated with the council. Financial viability will be<br />
taken into account.<br />
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9 Infrastructure and Implementation<br />
9.0.1 Ensuring there is sufficient infrastructure to support a development is vital to achieve<br />
sustainable development and enable <strong>Islington</strong> and London to function and be a good place<br />
to live.<br />
9.0.2 Infrastructure provision refers to a wide range <strong>of</strong> infrastructure, including in relation to:<br />
transport and public realm, open space, sport, leisure and recreation, community, play<br />
space, education,health, utilities, emergency services, and climate change adaptation and<br />
mitigation. This list is for illustrative purposes and is by no means exhaustive.<br />
Policy DM 51<br />
Infrastructure<br />
A. To ensure development is sustainable permission will only be granted to development<br />
that clearly demonstrates there will be sufficient infrastructure <strong>of</strong> all types to support it.<br />
B. The council will identify the requirements for infrastructure through the infrastructure<br />
delivery plan, community infrastructure levy or other similar mechanisms and Supplementary<br />
Planning Documents such as the Planning Obligations (S106) SPD (2009). The Site Specific<br />
Allocations document details known infrastructure requirements for specific sites.<br />
C. Other infrastructure may be required that is not covered by the council's obligations,<br />
charges or plans. It is the responsibility <strong>of</strong> the applicant/developer to identify what other<br />
infrastructure is required and ensure its timely provision.<br />
9.0.3 Applicants can ensure they have identified what infrastructure is required by early liaison<br />
with the council and other infrastructure providers. Applicants should consulting with all<br />
relevant utilities providers (and the TfL London Underground Infrastructure Protection<br />
team where relevant). Applicants should ensure there is adequate water and waste water<br />
supply capacity both on and <strong>of</strong>f the site to serve the development, and ensure that the<br />
development will not lead to problems for existing or new users. It may be necessary for<br />
developers to fund studies to ascertain whether the proposed development will lead to<br />
overloading <strong>of</strong> existing infrastructure.<br />
Policy DM 52<br />
Planning Obligations<br />
A.<br />
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(i) Planning obligations will be used by the council to deliver sustainable development. This<br />
will include compensation for loss or damage associated with a development, mitigation <strong>of</strong><br />
the impacts <strong>of</strong> a development, prescription <strong>of</strong> the nature <strong>of</strong> a development, and other measures<br />
to make a development acceptable in planning terms, where possible and appropriate.<br />
(ii) Planning obligations will be used by the council to deliver infrastructure provision required<br />
in full or in part in association with development proposals, to control the mix <strong>of</strong> uses within a<br />
development, including affordable housing, and to manage the impact and operation <strong>of</strong><br />
developments.<br />
B. Planning obligations will be secured by a legal agreement or other relevant mechanism,<br />
and will provide for payments <strong>of</strong> money where necessary and appropriate. Planning obligations<br />
will be based upon the provisions <strong>of</strong> the council's Planning Obligations (S106) SPD (2009) or<br />
any subsequent amendment, addition or replacement to this SPD.<br />
9.0.4 Managing the impact and operation <strong>of</strong> developments may involve management plans,<br />
restrictions <strong>of</strong> uses and hours <strong>of</strong> operation, Travel Plans, construction management plans,<br />
and monitoring <strong>of</strong> such plans.<br />
9.0.5 Compensating for the impact <strong>of</strong> a development may include provision for highways<br />
reinstatement and other damage reinstatement and reprovision <strong>of</strong> assets lost through the<br />
development.<br />
9.0.6 Planning obligations may be used to achieve compliance with relevant planning policies,<br />
for example the Core Strategy car-free policy and policies on employment and training<br />
initiatives and affordable workspace.<br />
9.0.7 The use <strong>of</strong> planning obligations will be consistent with the tests <strong>of</strong> the Community<br />
Infrastructure Regulation 2010.<br />
9.0.8 Any financial payments may be based on formulae and standard charges, and will be<br />
index-linked. Reasonable legal fees shall be payable.<br />
9.0.9 Planning obligations may be used for strategic infrastructure provision, using pooled<br />
contributions under Section 106 <strong>of</strong> the Town and Country Planning Act 1990, or through<br />
another relevant mechanism, such as the Community Infrastructure Levy (CIL).<br />
9.0.10 Should the <strong>Council</strong> adopt a Community Infrastructure Levy, this will become the main<br />
source <strong>of</strong> developer contributions for infrastructure to support the development <strong>of</strong> the<br />
area. S106 agreements will be used to secure planning obligations to address other issues<br />
that are not covered by CIL.<br />
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10 Monitoring<br />
10 Monitoring<br />
10.0.1 Future monitoring <strong>of</strong> the plan policies is required to enable an understanding <strong>of</strong> the extent<br />
to which the <strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong> <strong>Policies</strong> delivers what is intended over the lifetime<br />
<strong>of</strong> the plan. The monitoring schedule, below sets out indicators for monitoring the<br />
effectiveness <strong>of</strong> policies, including performance against associated targets, contained in<br />
the plan. The indicators have been devised to assess whether or not policy outcome is<br />
being achieved and to inform any future review <strong>of</strong> policy. As well as monitoring the outcome<br />
<strong>of</strong> individual policies, e.g. on employment, the council will assess progress against the<br />
indicators holistically to determine whether the policies are proving effective in promoting<br />
an integrated approach to sustainable development.<br />
10.0.2 Monitoring performance against the indicators will occur in the Annual Monitoring Report<br />
(AMR), the production <strong>of</strong> which is a key requirement for local authorities.<br />
10.0.3 The table below sets out the different indicators that the council will use to monitor the<br />
effectiveness <strong>of</strong> the different <strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong> policies in delivering the strategic<br />
objectives.<br />
Monitoring Indicators<br />
<strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong><br />
policy<br />
Policy DM 1<br />
Policy DM 2 etc<br />
Indicator<br />
This table will be completed for the proposed submissions<br />
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1 Appendix: Local Views<br />
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1 Appendix: Local Views<br />
1 Appendix: Local Views<br />
1.0.1 The current local views 1 to 7 are all towards St. Paul's Cathedral and 8 is towards St.<br />
Pancras:<br />
1. LV1 View from Farringdon Lane/ Farringdon Road / Clerkenwell Road<br />
2. LV2 View from St. John Street<br />
3. LV3 View from the Angel<br />
4. LV4 View from Archway Road<br />
5. LV5 View from Archway Bridge<br />
6. LV6 View from Amwell Street<br />
7. LV7 View from Dartmouth Park Hill<br />
8. LV8 View from Pentonville Road<br />
1.0.2 The tables below give the details <strong>of</strong> the current local views. * Where height or length <strong>of</strong><br />
view varies, the lowest height and the shortest length is given, as these are the most critical<br />
factors. All dimensions are in metres.<br />
View<br />
Grid references describing<br />
boundary <strong>of</strong> viewing Area(s)<br />
Height<br />
above<br />
AOD*<br />
St. Paul’s<br />
Co-ordinates<br />
Height<br />
above<br />
AOD<br />
Length<br />
<strong>of</strong> View*<br />
LV1<br />
531480 / 182062 (VP)<br />
14.9<br />
531957 / 181080<br />
52.1<br />
1080<br />
531449 / 182131<br />
532150 / 181203<br />
531491 / 182153<br />
531373 / 182153<br />
531297 / 182235<br />
531343 / 182165<br />
531410 / 182074<br />
531434 / 182031 (VP)<br />
VP = start <strong>of</strong> viewing plane<br />
LV2<br />
531710 / 182280<br />
18.0<br />
532140 / 181167<br />
52.1<br />
1050<br />
531733 / 182246<br />
531953 / 181113<br />
531799 / 182028<br />
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1 Appendix: Local Views<br />
531801 / 181945<br />
531747 / 182163<br />
LV3<br />
531441 / 183174<br />
33.4<br />
532083 / 181151<br />
52.1<br />
2110<br />
532025 / 181134<br />
LV4<br />
529280 / 187090<br />
67.0<br />
532244 / 181206<br />
52.1<br />
6590<br />
529130 / 187390<br />
531865 / 181079<br />
529290 / 187150<br />
LV5<br />
529090 / 187360<br />
100.3<br />
532234 / 181230<br />
52.1<br />
6930<br />
529130 / 187390<br />
531875 / 181055<br />
LV6<br />
531172 / 182815<br />
32.0<br />
532003 / 181123<br />
52.1<br />
1900<br />
531195 / 182745<br />
532142 / 181279<br />
LV7<br />
528970 / 186235<br />
65.5<br />
531955 / 181111<br />
52.1<br />
6000<br />
532115 / 181173<br />
LV8<br />
<strong>Development</strong> will not be permitted which further obstructs the view from the viewing<br />
point on the north pavement <strong>of</strong> Pentonville Road at its junction with Penton Street,<br />
to St. Pancras Station and Hotel (Chambers) Buildings.<br />
1.0.3 The views from Farringdon, St. John Street and Amwell Street <strong>of</strong> St. Paul's Cathedral form<br />
part <strong>of</strong> the original views protected in the 1930s by the City <strong>of</strong> London's St. Paul's Heights.<br />
<strong>Islington</strong> has maintained these original views and added to them over time. Protection<br />
across the whole <strong>of</strong> the local view needs to be maintained, requiring policy coordination<br />
between the City <strong>of</strong> London and <strong>Islington</strong>. It should be noted that there is a slight difference<br />
in height between the view the City protects and that <strong>Islington</strong>'s policy protects for LV1<br />
and LV2. The height difference is to enable greater control <strong>of</strong> the development in the<br />
foreground <strong>of</strong> these views, allowing a larger viewing area and enhancing the appreciation<br />
<strong>of</strong> this important and attractive landmark.<br />
1.0.4 The only local view which has changed from <strong>Islington</strong>'s 2002 UDP local views is LV1. See<br />
figure 1.1 below for a plan view <strong>of</strong> the new and old LV1.<br />
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1 Appendix: Local Views<br />
Explanation <strong>of</strong> new LV1 (Local View 1)<br />
1.0.5 The new LV1 view consolidates the views policies <strong>of</strong> the City <strong>of</strong> London and <strong>Islington</strong> to<br />
establish a strong local view safeguarding the special heritage <strong>of</strong> Farringdon: the Fleet<br />
Valley and the views to St. Paul’s Cathedral from this space.<br />
1.0.6 LV1 provides an opportunity for views <strong>of</strong> St Paul’s Cathedral from a large space and can<br />
therefore not be considered in terms <strong>of</strong> view points but as a viewing area.<br />
1.0.7 The view aligns with the western extent <strong>of</strong> St. Paul’s Heights and centres on St. Paul’s<br />
Cathedral with a width that mirrors its western extent to the east. The height over the<br />
Ordnance Survey Datum at St. Paul’s Cathedral is proposed to be fixed at 52.1m which<br />
is the base <strong>of</strong> the drum and the height other protected views are defined by.<br />
1.0.8 At the other end, the view is defined by a line parallel to the line established by the cathedral<br />
and set out from the corner <strong>of</strong> Turnmill Street and Clerkenwell Road bridge at a height<br />
that ensures clear views from this public thoroughfare and from within the Fleet Valley<br />
north <strong>of</strong> this.<br />
1.0.9 The height <strong>of</strong> this line is fixed at 14.9m above the Ordnance Survey Datum which is the<br />
height at which the cathedral is visible if one is seated in this public space. The protected<br />
view area continues north along Farringdon Lane and Farringdon Road to a point at the<br />
junction <strong>of</strong> Farringdon Road and Bowling Green Lane, to protect this part <strong>of</strong> the valley<br />
space.<br />
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1 Appendix: Local Views<br />
Figure 1.1 New and Old Local View 1 (LV1)<br />
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2 Appendix: Primary & Secondary Retail Frontages<br />
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2 Appendix: Primary & Secondary Retail Frontages<br />
2 Appendix: Primary & Secondary Retail Frontages<br />
2.0.1 The table below gives the primary and secondary frontages for each <strong>of</strong> the four town<br />
centres (shown in Section 7 on Maps 7.1 - 7.4)<br />
Angel - Primary Frontages<br />
Map ref:<br />
Town Centre<br />
Street Numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
Map 7.1<br />
Angel<br />
27-43 (odd), 17-49 (odd),<br />
Upper Street<br />
1-16 (all), 359 (former<br />
Antiques market)<br />
31-41 (odd)<br />
Liverpool Road<br />
Ground Floor units<br />
N1 Centre<br />
7-27 (odd), 2-10 (even),<br />
Camden Passage<br />
12-28 (even), 29-53 (odd)<br />
1-9 (odd), 19-31 (odd),<br />
96-120 (even)<br />
<strong>Islington</strong> High Street<br />
2<br />
Camden Walk<br />
Angel - Secondary Frontages<br />
Map ref:<br />
Town Centre<br />
Street Numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
Map 7.1<br />
Angel<br />
40-52 (even), 59-71 (odd),<br />
Cross Street<br />
54-62 (even)<br />
48-68 (even), 108-144a<br />
(even)<br />
Essex Road<br />
394-428 (even)<br />
St. John Street<br />
18-29 (all)<br />
Arlington Road<br />
1-2<br />
1&2 Chadwell Street<br />
391-393 (odd)<br />
St. John Street<br />
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2 Appendix: Primary & Secondary Retail Frontages<br />
Map ref:<br />
Town Centre<br />
Street Numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
1-25 (odd), 334-341 (all),<br />
342-352 (even), 353-357<br />
(odd)<br />
Upper Street<br />
32-36 (even)<br />
1<br />
Camden Walk<br />
39<br />
<strong>Islington</strong> Green<br />
3-25 (odd), 68-76 (even),<br />
77-93 (odd)<br />
Chapel Market<br />
Nag's Head - Primary Frontages<br />
Map ref:<br />
Town Centre<br />
Street Numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
Map 7.2<br />
Nag's Head<br />
1-15 (odd), 2-20 (even), 7-29<br />
(odd)<br />
Seven Sisters Road<br />
338-370 (even),<br />
Holloway Road<br />
372-456 (even)<br />
Nag's Head - Secondary Frontages<br />
Map ref:<br />
Town Centre<br />
Street Numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
Map 7.2<br />
Nag's Head<br />
17-29 (odd), 31-45 (odd), 47-65<br />
(odd), 85-93 (odd)<br />
Seven Sisters Road<br />
280-336 (even), 341-401 (odd)<br />
Holloway Road<br />
403-417 (odd), 458-504 (even)<br />
67-83 (odd), market - 32 (even),<br />
Seven Sisters Road<br />
34-124 (even)<br />
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2 Appendix: Primary & Secondary Retail Frontages<br />
Archway - Primary Frontages<br />
Map ref:<br />
Town Centre<br />
Street Numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
Map 7.3<br />
Archway<br />
4-10, 14-34, 36-50 (even),<br />
Junction Road<br />
1-35 (odd)<br />
798-804 (even), 681-696 (all)<br />
Holloway Road<br />
Archway - Secondary Frontages<br />
Map ref:<br />
Town Centre<br />
Street NumArbers<br />
Street Name<br />
Map 7.3<br />
Archway<br />
2-12 (even)<br />
Archway Road<br />
2-10 (UCL Whittington<br />
campus)<br />
Highgate Hill<br />
37- 89 (odd)<br />
Junction Road<br />
679-687 (odd), 780-794<br />
(even),<br />
Holloway Road<br />
647-665 (odd), 619 - 645<br />
(odd),<br />
734-760 (even), 768-778<br />
(even)<br />
Finsbury Park - Primary Frontages<br />
Map ref:<br />
Town Centre<br />
Street Numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
Map 7.4<br />
Finsbury Park<br />
113-149 (odd), 114-164<br />
(even),<br />
89-111 (odd), 84-112 (even)<br />
Fonthill Road<br />
117-161 (odd), 103-115 (odd)<br />
Stroud Green Road<br />
21-85 (odd), 9-15 (odd),<br />
1-11 (odd)<br />
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2 Appendix: Primary & Secondary Retail Frontages<br />
Map ref:<br />
Town Centre<br />
Street Numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
10-66 (even), 2a-8 (even),<br />
Blackstock Road<br />
128-146 (even), 146-156,<br />
156a (even)<br />
284, 253-261 (odd)<br />
Seven Sisters Road<br />
113<br />
Wells Terrace<br />
Finsbury Park - Secondary Frontages<br />
Map ref:<br />
Town Centre<br />
Street Numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
Map 7.4<br />
Finsbury Park<br />
163-181 (odd)<br />
Stroud Green Road<br />
221-233 (odd), 203-209<br />
(odd),<br />
Seven Sisters Road<br />
190 - 238 (even), 187-201<br />
(odd)<br />
2-10 (even)<br />
Wells Terrace<br />
1<br />
Clifton Terrace<br />
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3 Appendix: Local Shopping Parades<br />
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3 Appendix: Local Shopping Parades<br />
3 Appendix: Local Shopping Parades<br />
3.0.1 The local shopping parades in the borough are shown in the following map and schedule.<br />
The town centres are also shown for ease <strong>of</strong> reference.<br />
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3 Appendix: Local Shopping Parades<br />
Map 3.1 Local Shopping Parades<br />
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3 Appendix: Local Shopping Parades<br />
Map<br />
ref:<br />
Shopping Area Name<br />
Street numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
1<br />
Hillrise<br />
65-87 (odd)<br />
Hazelville Road<br />
2<br />
Whitehall Park<br />
50-56 (even)<br />
Cressida Road<br />
38-42 (even), 44, 83-89<br />
(odd)<br />
Cheverton Road<br />
85, 87, 88-92 (all<br />
numbers), 89, 94-96<br />
(even), 98<br />
Dresden Road<br />
109-110<br />
Harberton Road<br />
63, 82<br />
Gladsmuir Road<br />
5 - 9 (odd), 11, 13-17<br />
(odd), 21, 23-29 (odd),<br />
31-35 (odd)<br />
Archway Road<br />
37 - 39 (odd), 46, St<br />
Andrew's Day Centre (48)<br />
Despard Road<br />
1,2, Whitehall Mansions<br />
Lidyard Road<br />
1, 2<br />
Waterlow Road<br />
4<br />
Highgate Hill<br />
1<br />
Gordon Close<br />
22-30 (even), 32-36<br />
(even), 83-91 (odd)<br />
Highgate Hill<br />
5<br />
Archway Town Centre<br />
N/A<br />
6<br />
Junction Road<br />
1<br />
Cathcart Hill<br />
1, 16<br />
Francis Terrace<br />
1, 3<br />
Hargrave Park<br />
82-86 (even), 93, 95-97<br />
(all), 99, 101, 103-123 (all),<br />
124-131 (all), 133-173<br />
(odd)<br />
Junction Road<br />
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3 Appendix: Local Shopping Parades<br />
Map<br />
ref:<br />
Shopping Area Name<br />
Street numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
1-5 (all)<br />
Linden Walk<br />
1<br />
Monnery Road<br />
1-4 (all)<br />
Poynings Road<br />
35<br />
St John's Grove<br />
1-5 (all)<br />
Tremlet Walk<br />
7<br />
Campdale<br />
1-10 (all)<br />
Campdale Road<br />
1, 2, 6<br />
Mercers Mews<br />
156-160 (even)<br />
Tufnell Park Road<br />
8<br />
Tufnell Park<br />
2, 6, 8, 10-36 (even)<br />
Brecknock Road<br />
229-233 (odd), 284-288<br />
(even)<br />
Camden Road<br />
9, 16<br />
Rowstock Gardens<br />
386-398 (even), 406<br />
York Way<br />
9<br />
Cottage Road<br />
1-11 (odd), 6, 8<br />
Balmoral Grove<br />
2-6 (even)<br />
Blundell Street<br />
1,2-6 (even), 10<br />
Brewery Road<br />
412-416 (even), 419-427<br />
(all), 429-436 (all),<br />
438-452 (even), 453-469<br />
(all), 472-476 (even)<br />
Caledonian Road<br />
2, 3<br />
Cottage Road<br />
2-28 (even)<br />
Lockhart Close<br />
1-15 (odd), 2-6 (even)<br />
Mackenzie Road<br />
1, 6-10<br />
Market Road<br />
3, 7, 8<br />
Piper Close<br />
88-92<br />
Roman Way<br />
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3 Appendix: Local Shopping Parades<br />
Map<br />
ref:<br />
Shopping Area Name<br />
Street numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
1-7 (all)<br />
Sophia Close<br />
1-3 (all), Angle Cottage<br />
The Drive<br />
170-174 (even)<br />
Watkinson Road<br />
10<br />
Caledonian Road<br />
2<br />
Bingfield Street<br />
107,118<br />
Bridgeman Road<br />
237-269 (odd), 270-304<br />
(all), 306-335 (all),<br />
337-352 (all), 354-380<br />
(all), 382-386 (even),<br />
390-406 (even)<br />
Caledonian Road<br />
69-79<br />
Centurion Close<br />
3<br />
Freeling Street<br />
33, 34<br />
Huntingdon Street<br />
1<br />
Kember Street<br />
1, 39<br />
Lyon Street<br />
1, 3-12 (all), 14, 16<br />
Offord Road<br />
1, 3<br />
Richmond Avenue<br />
15<br />
Stanmore Street<br />
1, 2<br />
Tilloch Street<br />
1<br />
Wheelwright Street<br />
11<br />
Copenhagen Street<br />
143-145, 157-193 (odd),<br />
168-212 (even)<br />
Caledonian Road<br />
16, 18<br />
Carnegie Street<br />
149-153 (odd)<br />
Copenhagen Street<br />
1-4 (all)<br />
Edward Square<br />
12<br />
King's Cross<br />
The Ironworks<br />
Albion Walk<br />
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3 Appendix: Local Shopping Parades<br />
Map<br />
ref:<br />
Shopping Area Name<br />
Street numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
2-8, 5-7, 9<br />
Balfe Street<br />
1-6 (all)<br />
Bravingtons Walk<br />
8<br />
Caledonian Road<br />
1-7 (odd), 2-6 (even) 7-19<br />
(all), 20-24 (all), 26-46<br />
(even), 35-47 (odd), 48-53<br />
(all), 54-58 (even) 55-63<br />
(odd), 64-87 (all), 88-94<br />
(even) 89-97 (odd), 96-104<br />
(even)<br />
Caledonian Road<br />
3, 11, 15, 17<br />
Crinan Street<br />
1-15 (all)<br />
Joiners Yard<br />
1, 2, 15-24<br />
Keystone Crescent<br />
Theatre<br />
Noah's Yard<br />
42-48 (even), 51-57 (odd)<br />
Northdown Street<br />
1,2<br />
Omega Place<br />
266-300 (even)<br />
Pentonville Road<br />
9<br />
Railway Street<br />
1, 2, 3<br />
Varnishers Yard<br />
Wharfdale Yard, 2-8<br />
(even), 16, 18, 24-32,<br />
34-58, 60, 64-68, 70-78<br />
Wharfdale Road<br />
50-60, 67<br />
York Way<br />
13<br />
Amwell Street<br />
27-29, 31-65 (all), 66-76<br />
(even)<br />
Amwell Street<br />
24-26 (all)<br />
Lloyd Baker Street<br />
25<br />
River Street<br />
14<br />
Exmouth Market<br />
11-69, 4-22, 28-70<br />
Exmouth Market<br />
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3 Appendix: Local Shopping Parades<br />
Map<br />
ref:<br />
Shopping Area Name<br />
Street numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
15<br />
Whitecross Street Market<br />
59, 61, 65<br />
Banner Street<br />
1-6 (all), shopping centre,<br />
market<br />
Cherry Tree Walk<br />
4<br />
Errol Street<br />
17, 18<br />
Fortune Street<br />
4 - 8<br />
Helmet Row<br />
90-98 (even)<br />
Old Street<br />
1, 15-17 (all)<br />
Roscoe Street<br />
1, 6, 13<br />
Shrewsbury Court<br />
1<br />
Warwick Yard<br />
90, 103-127 (odd),<br />
122-126 (even), 128-130<br />
(all), 131-137 (odd),<br />
132-136 (even), 137, 139,<br />
141-157 (all), 159-169<br />
(odd), 164-168 (even),<br />
173-187 (odd), 191-209<br />
(odd)<br />
Whitecross Street<br />
16<br />
Angel Town Centre<br />
N/A<br />
17<br />
Upper Street<br />
3, 5<br />
Barnsbury Street<br />
15-25 (odd)<br />
Canonbury Lane<br />
9<br />
Coopers Yard<br />
1, 2<br />
Hampton Court<br />
5<br />
Highbury Corner<br />
56, 59-63 (even)<br />
<strong>Islington</strong> Park Street<br />
4, 5<br />
Laycock Street<br />
12 - 27 (all)<br />
Swan Yard<br />
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3 Appendix: Local Shopping Parades<br />
Map<br />
ref:<br />
Shopping Area Name<br />
Street numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
1-5 (odd), 2<br />
Terrett's Place<br />
1<br />
Tyndale Terrace<br />
140-154 (even), 141, 153,<br />
169, 171, 170-178 (even),<br />
175-193 (odd), 182-196<br />
(even), 197-207 (odd),<br />
211-215 (odd), 200-204<br />
(even), 208 -218 (even),<br />
209, 219, 222, 235-273<br />
(odd), 236-270 (even),<br />
279-287 (odd), 279-287<br />
(odd), 278-286 (even)<br />
Upper Street<br />
18<br />
St. Pauls<br />
1-14 (all)<br />
Assata Mews<br />
1, 2<br />
Corsica Street<br />
210-246 (even), 250-278<br />
(even), 282-322 (even)<br />
St Paul's Road<br />
19<br />
Lower Holloway<br />
2<br />
Digswell Street<br />
1<br />
Furlong Road<br />
1, 3, 2-8 (even)<br />
Georges Road<br />
1, 2-6 (even), 12, 16-18<br />
(all), 21, 24, 23-27 (odd),<br />
28 - 32 (even)<br />
Highbury Corner<br />
2-4 (all)<br />
Highbury Crescent<br />
2, 54-66 (even), 31-35<br />
(odd), 67-211 (odd), 74-96<br />
(even), 102, 118-144<br />
(even), 146-164 (even),<br />
213-241 (odd), 222-234<br />
(even), 249, 251, 255, 257,<br />
263-275, Victoria<br />
Mansions<br />
Holloway Road<br />
2<br />
Hornsey Road<br />
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3 Appendix: Local Shopping Parades<br />
Map<br />
ref:<br />
Shopping Area Name<br />
Street numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
20<br />
Nag's Head<br />
N/A<br />
21<br />
Upper Holloway<br />
467, 471, 477-505 (odd),<br />
507-533 (odd), 537-563<br />
(odd), 580, 589-599 (odd),<br />
592-606 (even), 610-626<br />
(even), 630-648 (even),<br />
652-686 (even), 692-708<br />
(even)<br />
Holloway Road<br />
3<br />
Manor Gardens<br />
22<br />
Hornsey Rise<br />
1<br />
Lambton Road<br />
471-497 (odd), 499-513<br />
(odd), 504-510 (even),<br />
512-534 (even)<br />
Hornsey Road<br />
23<br />
Hornsey/Thorpedale<br />
1, 2A<br />
Grenville Road<br />
1-7 (all), 9, 11<br />
Hanley Road<br />
421, 423, 427, 435-443<br />
(odd), 465-468 (all),<br />
470-476 (even), 480-502<br />
(even)<br />
Hornsey Road<br />
165, 167, 170, 172, 180,<br />
182<br />
Marlborough Road<br />
1-11 (all)<br />
Vincent Parade<br />
24<br />
Tollington<br />
283-289 (odd), 297,<br />
318-352 (even)<br />
Hornsey Road<br />
2-6 (even)<br />
Tollington Park<br />
127, 129<br />
Tollington Way<br />
25<br />
Crouch Hill<br />
1-37 (all), 41, 43<br />
Crouch Hill<br />
121-125 (odd)<br />
Hanley Road<br />
1A, 2A<br />
Japan Crescent<br />
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3 Appendix: Local Shopping Parades<br />
Map<br />
ref:<br />
Shopping Area Name<br />
Street numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
4, 6<br />
Mount Pleasant Mews<br />
26<br />
Stroud Green<br />
144-164 (even)<br />
Tollington Park<br />
27<br />
Seven Sisters Road<br />
(central)<br />
52, 63<br />
1<br />
Berriman Road<br />
Medina Road<br />
97-129 (odd), 128-162<br />
(even), 170-188 (even)<br />
Seven Sisters Road<br />
28<br />
Highbury Barn<br />
2<br />
Hamilton Lane<br />
3-13 (odd)<br />
Hamilton Park<br />
1-37 (all) , 39-61 (odd)<br />
Highbury Park<br />
61-71 (odd)<br />
Kelross Road<br />
29<br />
Newington Green<br />
2-10 (even)<br />
Ferntower Road<br />
3-31 (odd)<br />
Green Lanes<br />
43-61 (all)<br />
Newington Green<br />
79-87 (odd), 89-129 (all)<br />
131-141 (odd)<br />
Newington Green Road<br />
73<br />
Poets Road<br />
30<br />
Ball's Pond Road<br />
24-154 (even)<br />
Ball's Pond Road<br />
1, 3<br />
Burder Road<br />
17, 28, 29<br />
Hawthorne Close<br />
2<br />
King Henry's Walk<br />
1<br />
Mildmay Park<br />
1, 5<br />
Mildmay Street<br />
31<br />
Essex Road<br />
2, 4<br />
Ashby Grove<br />
2, 4<br />
Church Road<br />
34, 36<br />
Clephane Road<br />
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3 Appendix: Local Shopping Parades<br />
Map<br />
ref:<br />
Shopping Area Name<br />
Street numbers<br />
Street Name<br />
138 - 142 (even)<br />
Elmore Street<br />
140, 144, 151A, 155<br />
Englefield Road<br />
302, 304, 310-318 (even),<br />
311-319 (odd), 324-338<br />
(even), 329, 342-380<br />
(even)<br />
Essex Road<br />
1, 3<br />
Mitchison Road<br />
181-193 (odd)<br />
Northchurch Road<br />
2-10 (con)<br />
Ockendon Mews<br />
79-89 (odd) 92, 94<br />
Ockendon Road<br />
32<br />
Embassy<br />
25-54 (con)<br />
Bentham Court<br />
196-242 (even)<br />
Essex Road<br />
33<br />
Finsbury Park<br />
N/A<br />
34<br />
Southgate Road<br />
89-113 (odd)<br />
Southgate Road<br />
65<br />
Northchurch Road<br />
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4 Glossary<br />
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4 Glossary<br />
4 Glossary<br />
Glossary<br />
A1 Use Class: Shops (including shops, retail warehouses, hairdressers, undertakers,<br />
travel and ticket agencies, post <strong>of</strong>fices (but not sorting <strong>of</strong>fices), pet shops, sandwich<br />
bars, showrooms, domestic hire shops, dry cleaners, funeral directors and internet<br />
cafés).<br />
A2 Use Class: Financial and Pr<strong>of</strong>essional services(including financial services such<br />
as banks and building societies, pr<strong>of</strong>essional services (other than health and medical<br />
services) including estate and employment agencies and betting <strong>of</strong>fices.<br />
A3 Use Class: Restaurants and cafés(including for the sale <strong>of</strong> food and drink for<br />
consumption on the premises - restaurants, snack bars and cafés)<br />
A4 Use Class: Includes Public Houses, wine bars or other drinking establishments<br />
(but not night clubs).<br />
A5 Use Class: Hot food takeaways - for the sale <strong>of</strong> hot food for consumption <strong>of</strong>f the<br />
premises.<br />
Active frontages: a building accommodating uses on the ground floor which generate<br />
passing trade and provide a shop-type window display providing visual interest for<br />
pedestrians.<br />
Archaeological priority areas: Areas suspected to contain archaeological remains<br />
and for which a survey is required.<br />
Affordable housing: Housing designed to meet the needs <strong>of</strong> households whose<br />
incomes are not sufficient to allow them to access decent and appropriate housing.<br />
Affordable housing includes both social rented and intermediate housing.<br />
Affordable retail space: Generally, a small retail unit with a rental value below the<br />
market rate (dependent on the sector and location). May also include market stalls<br />
or street booths. See also affordable workspace.<br />
Affordable workspace: Generally, a workspace managed by a not-for-pr<strong>of</strong>it<br />
organisation, with a rental value below the market rate (dependent on the sector and<br />
location). Affordable workspace is sought to ensure diversity in supply and types <strong>of</strong><br />
workspace in all locations. See also affordable retail space.<br />
Apart-Hotel: A serviced apartment complex for temporary accommodation <strong>of</strong> no more<br />
than 90 days, typically with a hotel-style booking system and a shared lobby<br />
Area Action Plan: this is a <strong>Development</strong> Plan Document which provides a planning<br />
framework for an area <strong>of</strong> significant change or conservation.<br />
B1 Use Class: Business: Offices, research and development, light industry appropriate<br />
in a residential area in accordance with the Town and Country Planning (Use Classes)<br />
Order 1987 and its subsequent amendments.<br />
B2 Use Class: General industrial: in accordance with the Town and Country Planning<br />
(Use Classes) Order 1987 and its subsequent amendments.<br />
B8 Use Class: Storage or distribution – including open air storage in accordance with<br />
the Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987 and its subsequent<br />
amendments<br />
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4 Glossary<br />
Biodiversity: The diversity, or variety, <strong>of</strong> plants, animals and other living things in a<br />
particular locality. It encompasses habitat diversity and genetic diversity.<br />
Brownfield: Previously developed land which is, or has been, occupied by a<br />
permanent structure, including the curtilage <strong>of</strong> the developed land and any associated<br />
fixed surface infrastructure.<br />
Business floorspace/ buildings/ development/ uses: Activities or uses that fall<br />
within the B-use class (i.e. <strong>of</strong>fices, industry, or warehousing).<br />
Business Improvement District (BID): An area where businesses agree to pay<br />
additional rates to fund improvements to the local general environment, with the aim<br />
<strong>of</strong> encouraging local economic development.<br />
C1 Use Class: Hotels , boarding and guest houses where no significant element <strong>of</strong><br />
care is provided in accordance with the Town and Country Planning (Use Classes)<br />
Order 1987 and its subsequent amendments.<br />
C2 Use Class: Residential institutions – care homes, hospitals, nursing homes,<br />
boarding schools, residential colleges and training centres in accordance with the<br />
Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987 and its subsequent<br />
amendments.<br />
C2A Use Class: Secure residential institution – use for a provision <strong>of</strong> secure residential<br />
accommodation, including use as a prison, young <strong>of</strong>fenders institution, detention<br />
centre, secure training centre, custody centre, short term holding centre, secure<br />
hospital, secure local authority accommodation or use as a military barracks in<br />
accordance with the Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987 and its<br />
subsequent amendments.<br />
C3 Use Class: Dwelling houses - this class is formed <strong>of</strong> 3 parts (in accordance with<br />
the Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987 and its subsequent<br />
amendments):<br />
C3(a) covers use by a single person or a family (a couple whether married or<br />
not, a person related to one another with members <strong>of</strong> the family <strong>of</strong> one <strong>of</strong> the<br />
couple to be treated as members <strong>of</strong> the family <strong>of</strong> the other), an employer and<br />
certain domestic employees (such as an au pair, nanny, nurse, governess,<br />
servant, chauffeur, gardener, secretary and personal assistant), a carer and the<br />
person receiving the care and a foster parent and foster child.<br />
C3(b) up to six people living together as a single household and receiving care<br />
e.g. supported housing schemes such as those for people with learning disabilities<br />
or mental health problems.<br />
C3(c) allows for groups <strong>of</strong> people (up to six) living together as a single household.<br />
This allows for those groupings that do not fall within the C4 HMO definition, but<br />
which fell within the previous C3 use class, to be provided for i.e. a small religious<br />
community may fall into this section as could a homeowner who is living with a<br />
lodger.<br />
C4 Use Class : Houses in Multiple Occupation (small shared dwelling houses occupied<br />
by between three and six unrelated individuals, as their only or main residence, who<br />
share basic amenities such as a kitchen or bathroom) in accordance with the Town<br />
and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987 and its subsequent amendments.<br />
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4 Glossary<br />
Car clubs: Clubs where a number <strong>of</strong> people share a pool car(s) for rent or otherwise,<br />
for personal use.<br />
Car-free development: No parking provision will be allowed on site and the occupiers<br />
will have no ability to obtain car parking permits, except for parking needed to meet<br />
the needs <strong>of</strong> disabled people.<br />
Central Activities Zone: The area <strong>of</strong> central London where planning policy promotes<br />
finance, tourism, specialist retail and cultural uses and activities.<br />
Change <strong>of</strong> use: A type development that requires planning permission if it is judged<br />
to be ‘material’. However, this excludes any change between uses which are within<br />
the same use class as defined in the Use Classes Order. It also excludes changes<br />
<strong>of</strong> use that are Permitted <strong>Development</strong> as defined in the General Permitted<br />
<strong>Development</strong> Order.<br />
Comparison goods retailers: Shops that sell items where some comparison is likely<br />
to be made before purchasing goods (e.g. clothing, carpets, electrical goods).<br />
Commercial-led development: <strong>Development</strong> where the majority <strong>of</strong> floorspace is for<br />
business uses.<br />
Combined Heat and Power (CHP): the combined production <strong>of</strong> heat and power,<br />
where the heat emitted as a by-product <strong>of</strong> energy generation is captured for useful<br />
purposes.<br />
Conservation areas: Areas are designated under the Planning (Listed Buildings and<br />
Conservation Areas) Act 1990, primarily by local authorities, for their special<br />
architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance <strong>of</strong> which it is desirable<br />
to preserve or enhance. Conservation Area guidelines have been produced to guide<br />
development decisions in each area.<br />
Convenience goods retailers: shops that sell everyday items such as food, drink<br />
and newspapers.<br />
Core Strategy: the Core Strategy is a <strong>Development</strong> Plan Document setting out the<br />
long-term spatial vision for the local planning authority area and the spatial objectives<br />
and strategic policies to deliver that vision.<br />
Creative industries: Activities which have their origin in individual creativity, skill and<br />
talent, and which have their potential for wealth and job creation through the generation<br />
and exploitation <strong>of</strong> intellectual property.<br />
Cumulative impact: In terms <strong>of</strong> the 2003 Licensing Act, “cumulative impact” means<br />
the potential impact on the promotion <strong>of</strong> the licensing objectives <strong>of</strong> a significant number<br />
<strong>of</strong> licensed premises concentrated in one area.<br />
D1 Use Class: Non-residential institutions – clinics, health centres, crèches, day<br />
nurseries, day centres, schools, art galleries, museums, libraries, halls, places <strong>of</strong><br />
worship, church halls, law courts, non-residential education and training centres in<br />
accordance with the Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987 and its<br />
subsequent amendments.<br />
D2 Use Class: Assembly and leisure – cinemas, music and concert halls, bingo and<br />
dance halls (but not nightclubs), swimming baths, skating rinks, gymnasiums or sports<br />
arenas (except for motor sports, or where firearms are used) in accordance with the<br />
Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987 and its subsequent<br />
amendments.<br />
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4 Glossary<br />
<strong>Development</strong>: The carrying out <strong>of</strong> building, engineering, mining or other operations<br />
in, on, over or under the land; or the making <strong>of</strong> any material change in the use <strong>of</strong> any<br />
buildings or other land, as defined in the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 as<br />
amended. Unless it is defined under the Act as ‘permitted development’, planning<br />
permission is required for the carrying out <strong>of</strong> any development <strong>of</strong> land.<br />
<strong>Development</strong> Plan: The <strong>Development</strong> Plan sets out the local planning authority's<br />
policies and proposals for the development and use <strong>of</strong> land. The <strong>Development</strong> Plan<br />
for <strong>Islington</strong> consists <strong>of</strong> the London Plan and the Local <strong>Development</strong> Framework,<br />
including the <strong>Development</strong> Plan Documents within the LDF.<br />
<strong>Development</strong> Plan Documents (DPD): Statutory planning documents, produced by<br />
the local planning authority, that form part <strong>of</strong> the Local <strong>Development</strong> Framework<br />
including the Core Strategy, Site Allocations, <strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong> <strong>Policies</strong> and<br />
Area Action Plans.<br />
<strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong>: <strong>Development</strong> management is a positive and proactive<br />
approach to shaping, considering, determining and delivering development proposals.<br />
It is led by the local planning authority, working closely with those proposing<br />
developments and other stakeholders. It is undertaken in the spirit <strong>of</strong> partnership and<br />
inclusiveness, and supports the delivery <strong>of</strong> key priorities and outcomes.<br />
District town centres: Usually comprise groups <strong>of</strong> shops <strong>of</strong>ten containing at least<br />
one supermarket, and a range <strong>of</strong> non-retail services, such as banks, building societies<br />
and restaurants, as well as local public facilities such as a library. These centres<br />
traditionally provided convenience goods and services for more local communities<br />
and are distributed across London. Some District centres have developed specialist<br />
shopping functions, <strong>of</strong>ten as a result <strong>of</strong> their lower rents.<br />
Employment floorspace/buildings/development/uses: Activities or uses that<br />
generate employment, including <strong>of</strong>fices, industry, warehousing, showrooms, hotels,<br />
retail, entertainment, educational, health and leisure uses (regardless <strong>of</strong> whether the<br />
end occupier is private, public or charity sector). It should be noted that some <strong>of</strong> these<br />
uses fall within the PPS4 classification <strong>of</strong> “main town centre uses” (e.g. retail, leisure,<br />
entertainment, arts, culture and tourism).<br />
Employment-led development: <strong>Development</strong> where the majority <strong>of</strong> floorspace is<br />
for employment uses.<br />
Equalities Impact Assessment (EqIA): A tool for identifying the potential impact <strong>of</strong><br />
policies on residents, helping to deliver excellent services to residents by making sure<br />
that policies reflect the diverse needs <strong>of</strong> the community. Ensures that policies fulfil<br />
the requirements <strong>of</strong> anti-discrimination and equalities legislation.<br />
Family housing: Homes appropriate for occupation by an adult, or adults, with one<br />
or more children. The minimum requirement for these is defined in the London Housing<br />
Design Guide as "two-bedroom, three-person homes", but generally family housing<br />
would be expected to have 3 or more bedrooms, as well as adequate outdoor private<br />
or semi-private space suitable for play.<br />
Flexible homes: General needs homes that are lifetime-homes-plus. They are<br />
visitable and adaptable; the 16 design standards enhanced to respond to the<br />
contemporary brief in <strong>Islington</strong> (defined in <strong>Islington</strong>’s Accessible Housing SPD March<br />
2009)<br />
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4 Glossary<br />
Fuel poverty: fuel poverty means spending more than 10% <strong>of</strong> a household’s income<br />
on simply keeping warm and providing basic hot water and lighting.<br />
Green ro<strong>of</strong>s: green ro<strong>of</strong>s are vegetated layers that sit on top <strong>of</strong> the conventional ro<strong>of</strong><br />
surfaces <strong>of</strong> a building, which can support a wide range <strong>of</strong> plant life. Green ro<strong>of</strong>s can<br />
create, or improve, biodiversity, contribute to minimising flood risk, improve thermal<br />
efficiency and improve the microclimate.<br />
Green infrastructure: a network <strong>of</strong> connected, high quality, multi-functional open<br />
spaces, corridors and the links in between that provide multiple benefits for people<br />
and wildlife.<br />
Green performance plan: A plan for the operation <strong>of</strong> the building, detailing measurable<br />
outputs for the occupied building, particularly for energy consumption, CO 2<br />
emissions<br />
and water use, and setting out arrangements for monitoring the progress <strong>of</strong> the plan<br />
over the first years <strong>of</strong> occupancy, as well as the arrangements for enforcement in the<br />
event that agreed objectives are not met.<br />
Green procurement plan: A plan detailing how construction materials have been<br />
selected to minimise environmental impacts over their life cycle.<br />
Grey-water recycling: Grey-water refers to waste water from showers, baths and<br />
washbasins (it does not include the more contaminated water from kitchen sinks and<br />
washing machines). As long as drinking water quality is not required, this water can<br />
be treated and re-used, e.g. for flushing toilets, watering gardens and for washing<br />
machines.<br />
Gross Internal Area (GIA) : the area <strong>of</strong> a building measured to the internal face <strong>of</strong><br />
the perimeter walls at each floor level. The GIA includes includes floor area <strong>of</strong> habitable<br />
and non-habitable rooms plus circulation, plus area taken up by internal partitions. It<br />
does not include the area <strong>of</strong> external private amenity space.<br />
Gyratory: A type <strong>of</strong> road junction at which traffic enters a one-way stream around a<br />
central island.<br />
Habitable room: Habitable rooms provide the living accommodation <strong>of</strong> the dwelling.<br />
They include living room, dining room, study, home <strong>of</strong>fice, conservatoroy, bedroom<br />
etc. They exclude the bathroom, WC, utility room, storeroom and circulation space.<br />
Health Impact Assessment (HIA): Health Impact Assessments consider the potential<br />
impacts <strong>of</strong> planning policies and decisions on health and health inequalities. They<br />
identify actions that can enhance the positive effects, and mitigate, or eliminate, the<br />
negative effects <strong>of</strong> developments.<br />
Heritage assets: A building, monument, site, place, area or landscape positively<br />
identified as having a degree <strong>of</strong> significance meriting consideration in planning<br />
decisions. Heritage assets are the valued components <strong>of</strong> the historic environment.<br />
They include designated heritage assets and assets identified by the local planning<br />
authority during the process <strong>of</strong> decision-making or through the plan-making process<br />
(including local listing). A heritage asset holds meaning for society over and above<br />
its functional utility. It is this heritage significance that justifies a degree <strong>of</strong> protection<br />
in planning decisions<br />
Historic Parks and Gardens: Registered parks and gardens are designated by<br />
English Heritage under the Historic Buildings and Ancient Monuments Act 1953 for<br />
their special historic interest.<br />
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4 Glossary<br />
Hostel: Hostels Residential accommodation, usually not self-contained, <strong>of</strong>ten for a<br />
particular group <strong>of</strong> people and classified as sui generis uses where no significant<br />
element <strong>of</strong> care is provided in accordance with the Town and Country Planning (Use<br />
Classes) Order 1987 and its subsequent amendments. This does not include ‘youth<br />
hostels’ as these are a type <strong>of</strong> visitor accommodation (C1 Use Class).<br />
Hotels: Includes all hotels, guest houses, apart-hotels, bed and breakfast<br />
accommodation and other similar tourist accommodation, including tourist hostels.<br />
House in multiple occupation (HMO): see reference to Use Class C4.<br />
Independent retailer/service: Generally mean, a single retail/service outlet, or a<br />
chain <strong>of</strong> two or three stores, managed by either a sole trader or a family firm.<br />
Landmark: A building or site which is a prominent identifying feature in a landscape,<br />
usually with historical or architectural significance. These can be categorised as<br />
follows: recognised landmarks; historical local landmark or value or local landmark<br />
supporting legibility and streetscape.<br />
Landscape plan: A plan showing the design and layout <strong>of</strong> all outdoor areas within<br />
the curtilage <strong>of</strong> a development.<br />
Legibility: The degree to which a place and its layout can be easily understood.<br />
Lifetime homes: General needs housing that is flexible and adaptable to meet diverse<br />
and changing needs, designed to satisfy 16 basic design criteria (updated July 2010)<br />
criteria are set out in full on www.lifetimehomes.org.uk<br />
Listed building: A building <strong>of</strong> special architectural or historic interest, as listed under<br />
s1 <strong>of</strong> the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. Listed Buildings<br />
are graded under the English Heritage classification to show their relative importance,<br />
with Grade I buildings being <strong>of</strong> exceptional interest, Grade II* being particularly<br />
important buildings <strong>of</strong> more than special interest.<br />
Local <strong>Development</strong> Framework (LDF): A collection <strong>of</strong> planning policy documents,<br />
including <strong>Development</strong> Plan Documents, Supplementary Planning Documents and<br />
the Local <strong>Development</strong> Scheme, Statement <strong>of</strong> Community Involvment and Annual<br />
Monitoring Report.<br />
Local views: Protected public views defined in Appendix 1<br />
London Plan: The strategic spatial development strategy for the whole <strong>of</strong> Greater<br />
London produced by the Mayor <strong>of</strong> London.<br />
London squares: A garden or enclosed or unenclosed land protected by the London<br />
Squares Preservation Act 1931.<br />
Major development: Major development is defined in the Town and Country Planning<br />
(General <strong>Development</strong> Procedure) Order 1995 as being “development involving any<br />
one or more <strong>of</strong> the following-<br />
(a) the winning and working <strong>of</strong> minerals or the use <strong>of</strong> land for mineral-working deposits;<br />
(b) waste development;<br />
(c) the provision <strong>of</strong> dwellinghouses where-<br />
(i) the number <strong>of</strong> dwellinghouses to be provided is 10 or more; or<br />
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(ii) the development is to be carried out on a site having an area <strong>of</strong> 0.5 hectare or<br />
more and it is not known whether the development falls within paragraph (c)(i);<br />
(d) the provision <strong>of</strong> a building or buildings where the floor space to be created by the<br />
development is 1,000 square metres or more; or<br />
(e) development carried out on a site having an area <strong>of</strong> 1 hectare or more.<br />
In addition to the above, the following developments will be subject to the<br />
pre-application procedure: proposals for development requiring an EIA; proposals<br />
involving complex listed building or conservation issues; and telecommunications<br />
proposals for composite proposals for 10 or more sites.<br />
Major town centres: Characteristic <strong>of</strong> inner London, are also important shopping<br />
and service centres, <strong>of</strong>ten with a borough-wide catchment. Their attractiveness for<br />
retailing is derived from a mix <strong>of</strong> both comparison and convenience shopping. Some<br />
Major centres, which have developed sizeable catchment areas, also have some<br />
leisure and entertainment functions. Major centres normally have over 50,000 square<br />
metres <strong>of</strong> retail floorspace.<br />
Microclimate: is local atmospheric zone where the climate differs from the surrounding<br />
area<br />
Mixed-use development: provision <strong>of</strong> a mix <strong>of</strong> complementary uses, such as<br />
residential, community and leisure uses, on a site or within a particular area.<br />
Mixed tenure: to have a mix <strong>of</strong> social and private housing.<br />
Mode share: the percentage <strong>of</strong> trips made using a particular type <strong>of</strong> transport e.g.<br />
bicycles<br />
Night-time uses: Any cultural or social activities which take place after dusk.<br />
Open Space: all space <strong>of</strong> public value, including public s<strong>of</strong>t and hard landscaped<br />
areas, parks and playing fields, and also including areas <strong>of</strong> water such as rivers, lakes<br />
and reservoirs, which can <strong>of</strong>fer opportunities for sport and recreation or can also act<br />
as a visual amenity and a haven for wildlife.<br />
Permeability: The degree to which people can easily moved through a place.<br />
Planning Obligations: Planning obligations are contributions from developers, either<br />
in the form <strong>of</strong> physical works and / or financial payments to fulfil a range <strong>of</strong> functions,<br />
including to mitigate the impact <strong>of</strong> a development and to make development acceptable<br />
in planning terms. Planning obligations may be agreed through a unilateral agreement<br />
or legal agreement, under Section 106 <strong>of</strong> the Town and Country Planning Act 1990.<br />
Revised provisions for planning obligations are under discussion, and there has been<br />
a consultation on a Community Infrastructure Levy, which may operate alongside the<br />
provisions <strong>of</strong> Section 106.<br />
Planning Policy Statement (PPS): National policy documents setting out the<br />
Government's national policies on aspects <strong>of</strong> planing in England.<br />
Proposals map: The adopted proposals map illustrates the policy and proposal site<br />
boundaries referred to in the Core Strategy. It will be revised as each new <strong>Development</strong><br />
Plan is adopted, and it should always reflect the up-to-date planning strategy for the<br />
area.<br />
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Protected views: Public views that are designated by the Local Planning Authority,<br />
Mayor <strong>of</strong> London or Secretary <strong>of</strong> State. These views are protected from detrimental<br />
infringement by development, and managed to maintain quality <strong>of</strong> the view.<br />
Public realm: The space between, and within, buildings that is publicly accessible,<br />
including streets, squares, forecourts, parks and open spaces.<br />
Regeneration: Economic, social and environmental renewal and improvement <strong>of</strong><br />
areas.<br />
Registered Historic Parks and Gardens: Aregister compiled by English Heritage<br />
<strong>of</strong> landscapes that are valued for their design, diversity and historical importance and<br />
graded as I, II* or II, it includes private gardens, public parks and other green spaces,<br />
country estates and cemeteries.<br />
Register <strong>of</strong> Locally Significant Shop fronts: Shop fronts identified for their<br />
architectural or historic merit by the council and form part <strong>of</strong> a local list <strong>of</strong> buildings<br />
<strong>of</strong> architectural or historic interest which is maintained by the council.<br />
Registered Social Landlords (RSL): a housing association, housing trust, housing<br />
cooperative or housing company that provides housing mainly for households in need,<br />
either for rent or under shared equity arrangements, and which is registered with the<br />
Housing Corporation.<br />
Secured by Design: is a UK Police flagship initiative that advocates designing out<br />
crime to promote safer neighbourhoods.<br />
Semi-private amenity space: open space within housing estates and other similar<br />
spaces in the borough not designated as open space<br />
Sheltered Housing: housing with an element <strong>of</strong> social care.<br />
Sites <strong>of</strong> Importance for Nature Conservation: The Greater London Authority<br />
designated SINCs to highlight areas <strong>of</strong> ecological value that are rich in wildlife within<br />
the city. The sites are graded as being <strong>of</strong> Metropolitan, Borough or Local Importance.<br />
Sites <strong>of</strong> Metropolitan Importance are those which contain the best examples <strong>of</strong><br />
London’s habitats and rare species that are <strong>of</strong> significance to London. Sites <strong>of</strong> Borough<br />
Importance are those identified to have an importance to <strong>Islington</strong>, and any damage<br />
would mean a significant loss to the borough. A site <strong>of</strong> Local Importance is identified<br />
because <strong>of</strong> its value to the nearby community, especially in areas that are deficient<br />
in wildlife sites.<br />
Small shops: typically a shop unit with 80m 2 gross floorspace or less, occupied by<br />
an independent retailer or service outlet<br />
Social and community facilities : These facilities are available to, and serve the<br />
needs <strong>of</strong> local communities and others and are <strong>of</strong>ten funded in some way by a grant<br />
or investment from a government department or public body or the voluntary sector.<br />
Social and community facilities are comprised <strong>of</strong> buildings and external spaces. They<br />
include social services uses such as day-care centres, luncheon clubs, and drop-in<br />
centres. Other facilities include education facilities such as schools, colleges and<br />
universities, health facilities, recreation facilities such as playgrounds, leisure centres,<br />
sports pitches and associated buildings, youth centres and local arts facilities. Libraries,<br />
courts, general and social uses such as community meeting facilities, community<br />
halls, public toilets, facilities for emergency services, fire, ambulance and police. The<br />
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Acronyms<br />
social and community facilities are generally in use classes C2, D1, D2 (6) and possibly<br />
some sui generis uses in accordance with the Town and Country Planning (Use<br />
Classes) Order 1987 and its subsequent amendments.<br />
Social housing: Housing which is affordable by all those in housing need. This is<br />
typically provided as rented accommodation through the local authority or a Registered<br />
Social Landlord and rents that can be charged are set by the Government.<br />
Sui Generis Uses: Certain uses do not fall within any use class and are considered<br />
'sui generis'. Such uses include: theatres, houses in multiple occupation, hostels<br />
providing no significant element <strong>of</strong> care, scrap yards. Petrol filling stations and shops<br />
selling and/or displaying motor vehicles. Retail warehouse clubs, nightclubs,<br />
launderettes, taxi businesses, amusement centres and casinos.<br />
Supplementary Planning Documents (SPD): Statutory planning documents that<br />
provide supplementary information to support the policies in <strong>Development</strong> Plan<br />
Documents.<br />
Sustainability Appraisal: When preparing a Local <strong>Development</strong> Document, the<br />
<strong>Council</strong> has to carry out a formal assessment <strong>of</strong> its contribution to sustainable<br />
development and assess its social, economic and environmental impacts.<br />
Sustainable Community Strategy (SCS): An important document created by the<br />
<strong>Islington</strong> Strategic Partnership which sets out a broad vision for promoting or improving<br />
the economic, social and environmental wellbeing <strong>of</strong> an area, together with proposals<br />
for delivering that vision.<br />
Sustainable transport: Alternative modes <strong>of</strong> transport to the low-occupancy private<br />
car, including walking, cycling, public transport, car sharing, water transportand city<br />
car clubs.<br />
Sustainable Urban Drainage System (SUDS): A means <strong>of</strong> managing surface water<br />
drainage to reduce peak run-<strong>of</strong>f rates and improve water quality.<br />
Tenure blind: The principle that dwellings <strong>of</strong> different tenures should be designed to<br />
be indistinguishable.<br />
Town centres: A defined area, including the primary shopping area and areas <strong>of</strong><br />
predominantly leisure, business and other main town centre uses within or adjacent<br />
to the primary shopping area. <strong>Islington</strong> has Major and District town centres. The<br />
hierarchy <strong>of</strong> <strong>Islington</strong>'s town centres is designated in the London Plan but their<br />
boundaries are defined on <strong>Islington</strong>'s proposals map.<br />
Urban fabric: The physical form <strong>of</strong> the built environment.<br />
Urban heat island effect: Localised heating <strong>of</strong> the urban micro-climate due to the<br />
density <strong>of</strong> development and associated heat sources.<br />
Windfall sites: a site that is not specifically allocated for <strong>Development</strong> in a<br />
<strong>Development</strong> Plan, but which unexpectedly becomes available for development during<br />
the lifetime <strong>of</strong> a plan.<br />
AAP Area Action Plan<br />
ATCS Angel Town Centre Strategy<br />
6 Not all uses in these classes are social and community facilities<br />
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BID Business Improvement District<br />
BREEAM Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Methodology<br />
BSF Building Schools for the Future<br />
CAZ Central Activity Zone<br />
CHP Combined Heat and Power<br />
CCHP Combined Cooling, Heat and Power<br />
CIL Community Infrastructure Levy<br />
CO 2<br />
Carbon Dioxide<br />
DEN Decentralised Energy Network<br />
DEFRA Department <strong>of</strong> the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs<br />
EqIA Equalities Impact Assessment<br />
GiGL Greenspace Information for Greater London<br />
GIA Grows Internal Area<br />
GLA Greater London Authority<br />
HCS Housing Capacity Study<br />
HIA Health Impact Assessment<br />
HUDU Healthy Urban <strong>Development</strong> Unit<br />
ISP <strong>Islington</strong> Strategic Partnership<br />
LDF Local <strong>Development</strong> Framework<br />
LIGS Locally Important Geological Sites<br />
LPA Local Planning Authority<br />
MUGA Multi-Use Game Area<br />
NLWP North London Waste Plan<br />
PCT Primary Care Trust<br />
PPG Planning Policy Guidance<br />
PPS Planning Policy Statement<br />
SCI Statement <strong>of</strong> Community Involvement<br />
SEN Special Education Needs<br />
SHMA Strategic Housing Market Assessment<br />
SHLAA Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment<br />
SINC Site <strong>of</strong> Importance for Nature Conservation<br />
SMEs Small/Medium Sized Enterprises<br />
SPD Supplementary Planning Document<br />
STS Sustainable Transport Strategy<br />
SUDS Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems<br />
TfL Transport for London<br />
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Index<br />
Index<br />
'Secured by Design'<br />
11<br />
A Combined Heat and Power plant 29<br />
Accessible homes<br />
58<br />
Accessible Housing Supplementary58<br />
Planning Document (SPD)<br />
Advertisements<br />
20<br />
Arboricultural Implications 38<br />
Assessment<br />
Arboricultural Implications 40<br />
Assessments<br />
Archaeological Priority Areas 17<br />
Archaeology<br />
16<br />
Biodiversity<br />
105<br />
Biodiversity Action Plan<br />
37, 39,<br />
105<br />
Biodiversity Action Plans 102<br />
BREEAM<br />
24, 26,<br />
32–33<br />
Building Regulations<br />
27, 29, 31<br />
Bunhill and Clerkenwell Area Action15, 18<br />
Plan<br />
Business space<br />
74<br />
Carbon Dioxide reduction targets 27<br />
CAZ<br />
34, 74<br />
Ceiling heights<br />
58<br />
Central Activities Zone<br />
74<br />
Child yield<br />
106<br />
CHP<br />
31<br />
CO2 emissions<br />
21<br />
CO2 <strong>of</strong>f-setting<br />
27<br />
CO2 reduction target<br />
31<br />
CO2 reduction targets<br />
24<br />
CO2 reductions<br />
31<br />
Code for Sustainable Homes 24, 26, 32<br />
Code <strong>of</strong> Practice for Construction 26<br />
Sites<br />
Community Infrastructure Levy 40, 110<br />
Conservation Areas<br />
15<br />
Conversion <strong>of</strong> Houses<br />
60<br />
Core Strategy<br />
3, 5<br />
Decentralised Energy<br />
29<br />
Decentralised Energy Network 29<br />
Delivery<br />
53<br />
Density<br />
Design Criteria<br />
<strong>Development</strong> <strong>Management</strong><br />
<strong>Development</strong> Plan<br />
<strong>Development</strong> Plan Document<br />
<strong>Development</strong> within Town Centre<br />
boundaries<br />
District town centres<br />
Drinking water fountains<br />
E. Locally listed buildings<br />
EcoHomes<br />
End-<strong>of</strong>-trip facilities<br />
Energy efficiency<br />
Energy Service Company<br />
Energy Statement<br />
Energy Statements.<br />
Extensions<br />
Formal play space<br />
Green Performance Plan<br />
Green Procurement Plan<br />
Green ro<strong>of</strong>s<br />
Greenspace Information for<br />
Greater London<br />
Health<br />
Health facilities<br />
Health Impact Assessment<br />
Health impacts<br />
Healthy <strong>Development</strong><br />
Heating and cooling<br />
Heritage<br />
Heritage assets<br />
Hotels<br />
Housing<br />
Housing space standards<br />
Inclusive Design<br />
Inclusive Landscape Design SPD<br />
Independent retailers<br />
Individual (Local) Shops<br />
Informal play space<br />
Infrastructure<br />
<strong>Islington</strong> Employment Study<br />
Update<br />
57<br />
10<br />
4<br />
4<br />
3<br />
82<br />
78<br />
101<br />
16<br />
32<br />
50<br />
27<br />
30<br />
24<br />
29<br />
28<br />
106<br />
24<br />
25<br />
37<br />
40<br />
100<br />
100<br />
100<br />
100<br />
100<br />
33<br />
14–15<br />
15<br />
95<br />
57<br />
58, 61<br />
12<br />
38, 43,<br />
106<br />
80<br />
91<br />
106<br />
109<br />
75<br />
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Index<br />
<strong>Islington</strong> Urban Design Guide 10<br />
<strong>Islington</strong> Urban Design Guide SPD 11<br />
<strong>Islington</strong>'s Cultural, Community and 96<br />
Social Uses<br />
Landmarks<br />
18<br />
Landscape<br />
12<br />
Landscape design<br />
12<br />
Landscape Plan<br />
37<br />
Landscaping and Biodiversity 37<br />
Listed buildings<br />
16<br />
Local <strong>Development</strong> Framework 3, 5, 8<br />
Local Shopping Parades 89<br />
Local validation requirements 25<br />
Local views<br />
18, 114<br />
London Plan<br />
3, 5<br />
London squares<br />
16<br />
London Views <strong>Management</strong> 17<br />
Framework<br />
Major town centres<br />
78<br />
Markets<br />
94<br />
Micro-generation<br />
21<br />
Modal shift<br />
45<br />
Natural play<br />
106<br />
Noise<br />
70<br />
Open space<br />
102, 105<br />
Open spaces<br />
102<br />
Other heritage landscapes 16<br />
Parking<br />
53<br />
Planning Obligations<br />
109<br />
Planning Obligations (S106) SPD 40, 53<br />
Planning Obligations (S106) SPD 105<br />
(2009)<br />
Planning Obligations SPD 105–107<br />
Planning Policy Statements 5<br />
Play space<br />
100, 106<br />
Play Space <strong>Management</strong> and 106<br />
Maintenance Plan<br />
Positive risk taking<br />
106<br />
Primary frontages<br />
87<br />
Principal Roads<br />
47<br />
Private Open Space<br />
40<br />
Private outdoor space<br />
57, 68<br />
Promoting small and independent 79<br />
shops<br />
Proposals Map<br />
17, 102<br />
Protected Views<br />
17<br />
Protected View<br />
17<br />
Public Houses<br />
95<br />
Public open space<br />
37, 57<br />
Register <strong>of</strong> Locally Significant 93<br />
Shopfronts<br />
Registered historic parks and 16<br />
gardens<br />
Regulated CO2 emissions 27<br />
Residential space requirements 57<br />
Secondary frontages<br />
87<br />
Section 106<br />
110<br />
Semi-private amenity spaces 102<br />
Servicing<br />
53<br />
Shared Heating Network 29<br />
Sheltered Housing and Care 71<br />
Homes<br />
Shop Fronts<br />
93<br />
Site <strong>of</strong> Importance for Nature 105<br />
Conservation<br />
Sites <strong>of</strong> Importance for Nature 102<br />
Conservation<br />
Small and independent shops 79<br />
Sport and recreation<br />
100, 107<br />
St. Paul's Cathedral<br />
17<br />
Strategic views<br />
17<br />
Sustainable communities 6, 58<br />
Sustainable Design and Construction24<br />
Statements<br />
Sustainable Design SPD 24, 28,<br />
39–40<br />
Sustainable Design Standards 32<br />
Sustainable Design Supplementary 25<br />
Planning Document<br />
Sustainable development 6<br />
Sustainable Drainage<br />
35<br />
Sustainable Drainage Systems 35<br />
Sustainable Transport Planning 45<br />
Guidance Note<br />
Telecommunications<br />
20<br />
The greening <strong>of</strong> vertical surfaces 37<br />
Toilets<br />
101<br />
Town centres<br />
74, 78<br />
Tree Constraints Plan<br />
38<br />
Tree Constraints Plans<br />
40<br />
Tree Preservation Order<br />
38<br />
Tree Survey<br />
38<br />
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Index<br />
Tree Surveys<br />
Trees<br />
Urban Heat Island Effect<br />
Water efficiency<br />
40<br />
38<br />
34<br />
33<br />
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Give us your views by 31 January 2011<br />
Write to us at Planning Policy, 222 Upper Street, N1 1YA<br />
Email us at LDF@islington.gov.uk<br />
Visit www.islington.gov.uk/planningpolicyconsultations<br />
Call 020 7527 7109 or 020 7527 2720<br />
If you would like a copy <strong>of</strong> this Bunhill and Clerkenwell Area Action Plan<br />
document in a different format such as large print, audio or easy read, or a<br />
different language, please contact us and where possible, we will meet your<br />
request:<br />
E LDF@islington.gov.uk<br />
T 020 7527 7109<br />
F 020 7527 8059<br />
Minicom 020 7527 1900<br />
W www.islington.gov.uk<br />
Printed on 100 % recycled paper using vegetable based inks. Published November 2010 .