Direct Torque Control with Space Vector Modulation (DTC-SVM) of ...

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Introduction Generally, the permanent magnet AC machines can be classified into two types (Fig.1.1): trapezoidal type called “brushless DC machine” (BLDCM) and sinusoidal type called permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). The BLDC machines operate with trapezoidal back electromagnetic force (EMF) and require rectangular stator phase current. The PMSM’s generate sinusoidal EMF and operate with sinusoidal stator phase current. The PMSM can be further divided into two main groups in respect how the magnet bars have mounted in the rotor [6,7]. In the first group magnets are mounted in the rotor (Fig. 1.2 c-d) and this type is called interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSM). The second group is represented by surface permanent magnet synchronous motors (SPMSM). In the SPMSM magnet bars are mounted on the rotor surface (Fig. 1.2 a-b). q q SPMSM S N S N d a ) b) S N S N d q q IPMSM S N c ) d) S N d d Fig. 1.2. The cross section of the PMSM rotor shaft and the magnet bars placements: a),b),c) axial field direction, d) radial field direction. The magnets can be placed in many ways on the rotor (Fig. 1.2). In radial field fashion the magnet bars are along the radius of the machine and this arrangement provides the highest air gap flux density, but it has the drawback of lower structural integrity and mechanical robustness. Machines with this arrangement of magnets are not preferred for high-speed applications (higher than 3000 rpm). In axial field manner the magnets are placed parallel to the rotor shaft. This arrangement of magnets is much more robust mechanically as compared 2
Introduction to surface-mounted machine. It makes possible to use IPMSM for higher-speed applications (contrary to SPMSM’s). Regardless of the fashion of mounting the PM, the basic principle of motor control is the same and the differences are only in particularities. An important consequence of the method of mounting the rotor magnets is the difference in direct and quadrature axes inductance values. The direct axis reluctance is greater than the quadrature axis reluctance, because the effective air gap of the direct axis is multiple times that of the actual air gap seen by the quadrature axis. As consequence of such an unequal reluctance, the quadrature inductance is higher than direct inductance L q > L d . It produces reluctance torque in addition to the mutual torque. Reluctance torque is produced due to the magnet saliency in the quadrature and the direct axis magnetic paths. Mutual torque is produced due to the interaction of the magnet field and the stator current. In case where the magnets bars are mounted on the rotor surface the quadrature inductance is equal direct inductance L q = L d , because of the same flux paths in d and q axis. As result the reluctance torque disappears. Among the main advantage of PM machines are [12]: • high air gap flux density, • higher power/weight ratio, • large torque/inertia ratio, • small torque ripples, • high speed operation, • high torque capability (quick acceleration and deceleration), • high efficiency and high cosφ (low expense for the power supply), • compact design. Thanks to this advantages the PMSM’s are usually used in high performance servo drives, in special applications as computer peripheral equipment, robotics, ect. However, recently the PMSM are also used as adjustable–speed drives in variety of application such as fans, pumps, compressors, blowers. Another area is automotive application as an alternative drive in hybrid mode with classical engine. The power of offered synchronous motors is in the range several kW to MW. 3
Page 1 and 2: POLITECHNIKA WARSZAWSKA WARSAW UNIV
Page 3 and 4: Contents Table of Contents Chapter
Page 5: Introduction Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
Page 9 and 10: Introduction vector control, which
Page 11 and 12: Introduction presented and studied.
Page 13 and 14: Modeling and control modes of PM sy
Page 39 and 40: Voltage source PWM inverter for PMS
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Control methods of PM Synchronous m
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Direct Torque Control with Space Ve
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Sensorless Speed Direct Torque Cont
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DSP implementation of DTC-SVM contr
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Summary and closing conclusion Chap
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Appendices APPENDICES A1 Rotor and
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Appendices ⎡ ⎤ ⎢ 1 0 ⎥ ⎡K
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Appendices i(t1->t0)+=it1 it1: it1=
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Appendices A7 PWM technique - six s
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List of symbol List of symbols Symb
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References Books and PhD-Thesis 1.
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References 39. J.-I. Itoh, N. Nomur
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References 74. N. Ertugrul, P. Acar
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References 108. D. Świerczyński,
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