Good Practices and Innovations in Public Governance 2003-2011

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Good Practices and InnovATIONS in Public Governance Europe and North America Spain 2008 Category 3 Winner “Participation in Policy-making Decisions” General Directorate for Citizen Participation Government of Catalonia, Spain Description Promoting citizen participation in public affairs, through the establishment of a General Directorate for Citizen Participation at the local level; Catalonia, Spain. Summary Through the General Directorate for Citizen Participation, the Government of Catalonia has increased participation of citizens in all public policy areas by providing new participatory mechanisms across Catalonia. The General Directorate for Citizen Participation (DGPC) of the Generalitat of Catalonia (Government of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia, Spain) was established in January 2004 to encourage dialogue and citizen participation to better incorporate people’s ideas, views and multiple perspectives in the design and implementation of public policies related to complex social problems. The Problem Local governments have been the precursors of a multitude of innovative practices in citizen participation and democratic initiatives in Spain. But transferring models of participation from the local sphere to the regional level, i.e., to the regional government (the Comunidad autónoma) constituted a challenge given that no previous experience existed in all of Spain or at the European level. The Solution A team of people within the regional government of Catalonia, with both technical and political experience, and a strong willingness to innovate and commitment to public service, decided to search for ways to expand the opportunities for citizen participation. Above all, this team of officials believed in the capacity of bureaucrats to innovate. The idea was to elaborate a policy that promotes deliberation and dialogue as a way of incorporating complexity into the formulation and implementation of public policies. The team was searching for new participation models, which transcend boundaries, and worked together with other departments of the Government of Catalonia, as well as other levels of government and the administration to establish a Directorate 276
2008 Category 3: Spain for Citizen Participation (DGPC). The Mission of this new institution was to promote citizen participation in monitoring, formulating and implementing policies of the regional government and of Catalonia’s local authorities. By fostering, studying and spreading values and practices related to political and social participation, the new institution would enrich the quality of Catalonia’s democratic life. The new Directorate was established in December 2003 by a legislative act endorsed by a coalition of three parties who formed the government in Catalonia after 23 years of a single party government. The strategies adopted to promote greater citizen participation at the local level included the following: 1. Institutional strategy • Setting up an institutional structure (Promoters of participation: the different departments of the Catalan Government and Public Administration); • Bringing “users-clients” on board by affirming that, through citizen participation, the Directorate can add value to other departments’ projects; and by eliminating part of the costs associated with the introduction of participation in public policies; and • Demonstrating through pilot projects the positive effects of new participatory methods. 2. Civil society strategy • Using and combining multiple criteria to identify who should participate: extension, inclusion, intensity, representativeness and diversity; • Paying particular attention to the territorial dimension: meeting participants in the places where they live; and • Adapting the participatory procedures and processes offered to the diverse needs of social groups. The stages of development and implementation included: • Design, 2004: Deciding what constituted participation and what did not. Differentiating this concept from others that are related to it, but are different from it; • Experimentation stage: Efforts to convince other Public Administration bodies of the value of participation. A number of pilot projects were introduced to help overcome initial doubts; • Implementation; • Consolidation: Since 2006 many government departments have come to DGPC to request its services; and 277
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The Impact of the UNPSA on InnovATI
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Lessons Learned on InnovATION in Go
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This publication provides an overvi
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Good Practices and Innovations in Public Governance 2003-2011

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