MISSING PIECES - Inter-Parliamentary Union

THEME 7
ENDNOTES
1 Weiss, Taya (2003), ‘A demand-side approach to fighting small arms proliferation’, African Security
Review, Vol. 12, Issue 2. Available at: www.iss.co.za/Pubs/ASR/12No2/F1.html
2 UNDP (2003), Coherence, Cooperation and Comparative Strengths: Conference Report on Justice
and Security Sector Reform, Oslo, April, p. 4
3 UNDP (2003), Coherence, Cooperation and Comparative Strengths, p. 4
4 UNDP (2003), Coherence, Cooperation and Comparative Strengths, p. 4
5 See, for example, Schreier, Fred and Marina Caparini (2005), Privatising Security: Law, Practice
and Governance of Private Military and Security Companies, Geneva Centre for Democratic Control
of Armed Forces, Geneva. Available at: www.dcaf.ch/publications/Occasional_Papers/6.pdf
6 Goericke F. and M. Kimani (2002), ‘Crisis prevention and conflict management in district development
programmes: The case of MDP, Marsabit District Kenya’, Gesellschaft für Technische
Zusammenarbeit (GTZ), July, cited in Weiss (2003), ‘A demand-side approach to fighting small
arms proliferation’
7 Amnesty International (2002), Combating Torture: A Manual for Action. Available at: www.amnesty.
org/resources/pdf/combating_torture/combating_torture.pdf
8 The definition of ‘rule of law’ is not fixed. For a survey of the various formal, substantive, and
functional approaches to this question, see Stephenson, Matthew, The Rule of Law as a Goal of
Development Policy, World Bank. Available at: www.worldbank.org/publicsector/legal/ruleof
law2.htm
9 PoA, sec. II, paras. 17 and 18
10 PoA, sec. III, para. 7
11 PoA, sec. III, para. 6
12 UN (1979), UN Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials, adopted by UN General Assembly
Resolution 34/169 of 17 December. Available at: www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/h_comp42.htm
13 UN (1990), UN Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms, A/CONF.144/28/Rev.1 at 112
14 UN Code of Conduct, paras. a and b; see also Small Arms Survey (2004),‘Critical triggers: Implementing
international standards for police firearm use’, in: Small Arms Survey 2004, p. 214
15 UN Crime and Justice Information Network (1997), Use and Application of the Code of Conduct for
Law Enforcement Officials, Including the Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms. Available
at: www.uncjin.org/Standards/Conduct/conduct.html
16 UN (1996), UN Standards and Norms in the Field of Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, Report
of the Secretary-General (Addendum 2), E/CN.15/1996/16/Add.2. Available at: www.uncjin.org/
Standards/Conduct/16a2e.pdf
17 Small Arms Survey 2004, p. 216
18 UN Commission on Human Rights (2003), Prevention of human rights violations committed with
small arms and light weapons. Preliminary report submitted by Barbara Frey, Special Rapporteur,
in accordance with Sub-Commission resolution 2002/25. E/CN.4/Sub.2/2003/29, 25 June 2003.
19 Draft Principles on the Prevention of Human Rights Violations Committed with Small Arms, E/CN.
4/Sub.2/2005/35
20 UN Basic Principles, Principle 18
21 UN Basic Principles, Principle 19
22 The Control Arms report Guns and Police: Standards to Prevent Misuse documents a number of
instances of police misuse. See: www.controlarms.org/documents/guns_and_policing_report.pdf
23 Small Arms Survey 2004, p. 225
24 Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (1994), Code of Conduct on Politico-Military
Aspects of Security, DOC.FSC/1/95. Available at: www.osce.org/documents/sg/1994/12/702_en.pdf
25 OSCE (1994), OSCE Code of Conduct, art. 21
26 Miller, Laurel and Robert Perito (2004), Establishing the Rule of Law in Afghanistan, United States
Institute for Peace Rule of Law Program, January, p. 11
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