C - Lublin
C - Lublin
C - Lublin
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THE INFLUENCE OF COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF SOILS<br />
CONTAMINATED BY LEAD ON THE OAT GROWTH<br />
Dmitrakov L.M., Dmitrakova L.K., Abashina N.A., Pinsky D.L.<br />
The problem of geochemical stability of the soils and ecosystems to<br />
technogenic pollution is still requiring great attentions of soil scientists. The results<br />
of investigations was shown that in 3-10 fold excess of natural concentration of<br />
metal in soil triggers negative influence on production process in plants. Thus<br />
many researches have been carried out using substrates and nutritious solutions<br />
polluted by soluble salts of heavy metals (HM). At the same time, the analysis of<br />
both available in the literature and our data demonstrate the existence of the<br />
contradictions in estimated influence of low and average levels under lead soil<br />
pollution. In particular there are quite often no precisely expressed factors of<br />
negative influence on plants under doses Pb up to 1000 mg/kg soil. Consequently,<br />
lead presence in plants being greatly dependent on durability of lead binding with<br />
soil and, hence, on soils compositions and properties.<br />
The behavior and functions of Pb (II) in the system soil - plant in a series of pot<br />
experiments with the soils and substrates having various composition and<br />
properties have been studied.<br />
OBJECTS AND METHODS<br />
Pot experiments ware carried out in plastic vessels in the КТLК-1250 chamber<br />
under constant light exposure, temperature, humidity and extent light day. In the<br />
experiments with samples from top horizons and parent rock of Soddy-podzol and<br />
Leashing Chernozems were used. Besides substrates obtained by mixing of soil top<br />
horizons with parent rock and washed quartz sand were used. Initial agrochemical<br />
characteristics of the soils (0-20 sм) have been determined using standard<br />
techniques : for Soddy-podzol - рНK Cl - 6.4; C оrg. - 0.93; CEC - 17.72 mg-equ<br />
/100g, particles < 0.01 mm - 33.84; particles < 0.001 mm - 14.48; for Leashing<br />
Chernozems - рНK Cl - 5.8; C оrg. - 3.48; CEC - 33.78 mg-equ /100g; particles <<br />
0.01 mm - 46.92; particles < 0.001 mm - 22.75. As a test-plant oat (Avena sativa<br />
L.) was chosen as steadiest culture to action of HM for experiments. In the first<br />
experiment as a substrate: top horizon (TH) of Soddy-podzol (1), mix of TH with<br />
parent rock in the ratio 1:1 (2), parent rock (3), mix TH with sand in the ratio 1:1<br />
(4) and sand (5) were used. In all cases the control (Ca) was used with addition and<br />
in three variants the control (К) - without addition of Ca (NO 3 ) 2 . The duration of<br />
plants vegetation was made 30 days. In the second experiment as a substances: 1а -<br />
top horizon of Leashing Chernozems (TH), 2а – mix of TH with parent rock (1:1),<br />
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