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ehavior of sequentially extracted HA fractions (spectra C2 and C3, A2 and A3, Figure 1) indicates that the fluorescence observed is mainly associated with fluorescence structures incorporated to the humic materials. Table 2. The specific spectral absorbances (Anm / DOC, dm 3 g -1 cm -1 ), and ratios between spectral absorbances of HA fractions (Table 1). HAs fraction A 254 A 436 A 465 A 665 A 254 /A 436 E 4 /E 6 C2 16.75 2.80 2.08 0.27 5.99 7.72 A2 14.95 2.81 2.15 0.37 5.24 5.76 C3 A3 18.95 10.81 3.25 2.08 2.41 1.64 0.32 0.29 5.83 5.19 7.65 5.59 A1 14.53 2.67 2.13 0.38 5.45 5.58 Relative standard deviations associated with estimation of all spectral parameters were no more than 0.3%. Relative Intensity C2 C3 A1 A2 A3 Fig. 1. Fluorescence emission spectra of HA fractions (Table 1) with excitation in 337 nm. 350 400 450 500 550 600 Wavelength (nm) Some information concerning structural features of HAs was apparent from the FTIR difference spectra illustrated in Figure 2. Close inspection of occurrence and relative intensity of bands observed in the difference spectra recorded for resin and alkali-extracted HAs shows that alkali-extracted HAs contain more aliphatics (bands in 2927-2850, and 1470-1389 cm -1 regions), polysaccharides (bands at 1088-1065 cm -1 ), and aromatic C=C bonds (bands at 1514-1506 cm -1 ) in respect to resin-extracted material that is relatively enriched in carboxylic and phenolic groups (bands in 2592, 1728-1657, 1435 and 1257 cm -1 regions). 5 124
Transmittance A2-C2 C2-A1 Fig. 2. FTIR difference spectra recorded for HA fractions (Tab.1). A3-C3 3400 2900 2400 1900 1400 Wavenumber (cm-1) 900 400 We conclude that sequential resin-alkali extraction procedure provides some separation of humic acids in respect to their association with specific compounds (such as aliphatics, carbohydrates, lignin-derived structures), coextracted/ incorporated mostly to alkali-isolated material. The photophysical parameters of alkali-extracted humic acids may differ significantly from those of resin-extracted sub-fraction. Therefore resin-alkali technique offer advantages over the classical acid-alkali isolation procedure in studying of humic acids. This work was supported by USA Fulbright Foundation. REFERENCES 1. Hayes, M.H.B., Graham, C.L. 2000. In ‘HumicSubstances: Versatile Components of Plants, Soil and Water’ Royal Soc. of Chem., Cambridge, 91. 2. Shirshova, L.T.1991. Finnish Humus News, 3, 339. 3. Rosell, R.A., Sochtig, H., Salfeld, J., Flaig, W. 1981. Agrochemica, 25, 286. 4. Davies, G., Fataftah, A.K., Cherkassky, A., Ghabbour, E.A., Radwan, A., Jansen, S.A., Kolla, S., Paciolla, M.D., Sein, L.T., Buermann, W., Balasubramanian, M., Budnick, J., Xing, B.J. 1997. Chem. Soc. Dalton, 4047. 5. Bufo, S.A., Latrofa, A., Brunetti, G. 1994. In ‘Humic Substances in the Global Environment and Implications on Human Health’. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 245. 6. Senesi, N., Miano, T.M., Provenzano, M.R., Brunetti, G. 1991. Soil Sci., 152, 259. 7. Hayes, M.H.B., MacCarthy, P., Malcolm, R.L., Swift, R.S. 1989. ‘Humic substances II - in search of structure’. Wiley, Chichester. 125
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PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY AND BIOGEOCHEMIS
Page 4 and 5:
IN MEMORIAM Dr Ludmila Petrovna Kor
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magnetic (ferrimagnetic) oxides, ma
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educed water activity, would favour
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In this paper AT sorption by surfac
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were obtained with clay content, pH
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In present investigation the quartz
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Hence, the micromorphology suggests
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As the indicators of soil aeration
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Stomatal diffusive resistance of th
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indicators of soil aeration conditi
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REFERENCES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
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Table 1. Breakdown of numbers and t
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MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL P
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conditions, existing at the first p
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INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON WATER P
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moisture % 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 so
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STATE OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES IN M
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million cells/g soil 25 20 15 10 5
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THE INFLUENCE OF COMPOSITION AND PR
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days grew faster than on substrate
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SOIL SALINITY AND CLIMATE CHANGES I
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POROUS STRUCTURE OF NATURAL BODIES
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These nonuniform classification sys
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Mercury intrusion data are plotted
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METHOD AND MATERIALS The shear stre
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wheat flour NaCl salt fine milk Fig
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The shear experiments revealed two
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Variable charge of mineral surfaces
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3. Huffaker RC and Wallace A 1958 P
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Q V (pH)/N t = α(pH) = n ∑ i= 1
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REFERENCES 1. De Wit, J.C.M, Van Ri
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BM - biomass; NM - necromass; MM -
Page 68 and 69: thousand times at the absence of co
Page 70 and 71: . m 131.5 131.0 I Height above sea
Page 72 and 73: SEASONAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL WATER
Page 74 and 75: The mean difference (MD) and the ro
Page 76 and 77: Acknowledgement This paper presents
Page 78 and 79: 1992; Selim 1999). The relative imp
Page 80 and 81: 1.0 C rel 0.5 0.0 v=0.7 D=3.28 v=0.
Page 82 and 83: 1.0 a b C rel 0.5 0.0 0 1 2 3 0 1 2
Page 84 and 85: Comparison of before- and after-pul
Page 86 and 87: provides the accessibility of catio
Page 88 and 89: MODEL RESEARCH ON FORMATION OF SYNT
Page 90 and 91: The analysis of the specific surfac
Page 92 and 93: PHOSPHATE-INDUCED CHANGES IN THE SP
Page 94 and 95: According to the data of Table 1, t
Page 96 and 97: MINERAL-ORGANIC COMPOUND OF SOILS:
Page 98 and 99: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION An analysis
Page 100 and 101: INTRODUCTION CHEMICAL DEGRADATION O
Page 102 and 103: of organic particles and their elec
Page 104 and 105: HNO 3 -extractable form is very clo
Page 106 and 107: Results demonstrated that Pb and Cd
Page 108 and 109: tion was measured using the Tjurina
Page 110 and 111: OUTPUT FLUXES OF LEAD IN FOREST ECO
Page 112 and 113: Regional data on Pb concentrations
Page 114 and 115: DEVICE FOR EVALUATION OF THE RAPE P
Page 116 and 117: SPECTROSCOPIC COMPARISON OF HUMIC A
Page 120 and 121: MODERN MONITORING SYSTEMS FOR THE M
Page 122 and 123: The control of the measurement syst
Page 124 and 125: ASORPTION AND SURFACE AREA OF SOILS
Page 126 and 127: Nm xCBET N = ( 1− x BET − )[ 1+
Page 128 and 129: According to this, when x/N (1-x) i
Page 130 and 131: POTENTIAL OF AZOLLA CAROLINIANA TO
Page 132 and 133: The decrease of Pb(II) and of Cd(II
Page 134 and 135: 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Piechalak, A.,
Page 136 and 137: Kloc, 2001]. Nitrogen adsorption is
Page 138 and 139: This is worth noting that the lower
Page 140 and 141: N ( h) 1 2 γ ( h) = [ ( ) ( )] ( )
Page 142 and 143: Exemplary spatial distributions (sa
Page 144 and 145: This is worth noting that significa
Page 146 and 147: adsorbed chemicals to microorganism
Page 148 and 149: were detected in the untreated soil
Page 150 and 151: 0.4 1000 Moisture [Vol.] 0.3 0.2 0.
Page 152 and 153: NITROUS OXIDE EMISSION FROM SOILS W
Page 154 and 155: N2O-N [mg kg -1 ] 100 80 60 40 20 0
Page 156 and 157: LITERATURE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Page 158 and 159: where v(t) - CO 2 production rate;
Page 160 and 161: carbon was involved mainly into mic
Page 162 and 163: Demkin Vitaliiy DrSc Dmitrakov Leon
Page 164 and 165: Priputina Irina PhD Rudko Tadeusz P
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