C - Lublin

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Results demonstrated that Pb and Cd concentration in Kola soil solutions were predicted with accuracy within one order of magnitude; however observed trends within horizons could be different form those predicted with TF. Concentration of Pb in BSE in O horizon was nearly constant for different levels of contamination perhaps because of strong buffering effect of soil organic layer. Acknowledgements Our work was supported by INTAS project N 01- 2213 and NWO project N 047.014.002. REFERENCES. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Groeneberg, J. E, Römkens, P., Tipping, E., Schüetze, G, Throl, Ch., 2000. Transfer functions for Pb, Cd, Hg. Ad Hoc International Expert Group on Effect-based Critical Limits for Heavy Metals. Bratislava, Slovak Republic, 11-13 th October 2000. Proceedings, p 142-145. Pampura, T., de Vries, W., Schuetze, G. Transfer functions for the calculation of critical loads for lead and cadmium. Background Document for the Expert Meeting on Critical Limits for Heavy Metals and Methods for Their Application, Berlin, 2-4 December 2002, Umweltbundesamt, texte 47/03, Berlin Juli 2003, p 79-102. Liebe,F., 1999 in : Schüetze, G, Throl, Ch., 2000. Transfer functions for Pb, Cd, Hg. Ad Hoc International Expert Group on Effect-based Critical Limits for Heavy Metals. Bratislava, Slovak Republic, 11-13 th October 2000. Proceedings, p 142-145. Pampura, T., H.-D. Gregor, Hofmann, R., Pecher, W., Sauter, W., Schinz, V., Schleyer R., Utesch, E. Nagel, H.-D, Schütze, G. Nagel, H.-D, Schütze, Terytze, K. G. Groeneberg , J. E. Report Transfer Functions for cadmium and lead based on field and laboratory data. In: Zwischenbericht zum UBA F/E-Vorhaben FKZ 201 63 210, Gesellschaft fur Oekosystemanalyse und Umweltdatenmanagement mbH (OEKO- DATA), Strausberg, November 2002, im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, Berlin. Römkens, P.F.A.M., J. E. Groeneberg, J.Bril, and W. de Vries, 2002. Derivation of partition relationships to calculate Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn solubility and activity in soil solutions: an overview of experimental results. Alterra Green World Research, Report no. 305. Tipping, E., J. Rieuwerts, G. Pan, M.R. Ashmore, S. Lofts, M.T.R. Hill, M. E. Farrago and I. Thornton. (2002) The solid solution partitioning of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb) in upland soils of England and Wales. Environ.Pollut. 125, p.213-225. 112
EFFECTS OF THE FULVIC ACID ON THE BEHAVIOR OF Cu (II), Zn (II), Pb (II) AND Cd (II) IN THE SYSTEM SOLUTION – NATURAL ADSORBENTS. INTRODUCTION Pinsky D.L., Zolotareva B.N. The condition and functions of heavy metals (HM) in soil are affected by the following major processes: interaction of HM with soil adsorbing complex (SAC), creation of difficultly soluble compounds of various composition and complexing with the solution components. Fulvic acids are known to be specific components of soil solutions actively interacting with HM. This study investigates the effects of fulvic acid both on the state of Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ in the solution and adsorption of cations by natural adsorbents with different physical-chemical characteristics, namely kaolin, bentonite, madder loam, loess-like loam and Chernozem. MATERIALS AND METHOD The samples of humus horizon of leaching chernozem and were collected in the Voronezh region, the samples of madder loam were collected in the Tver’ region, the samples of kaolin and bentonite were obtained at the Mineralogy Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS). In the experiment, the adsorbents were used in their natural ion-form. The major physical and chemical characteristics of the employed adsorbents are listed in Table 1. The fulvic acids (FA) were isolated from the water of Lake Velikoe in the Meschera lowland. The isolation, accumulation and purification of FA were carried out according to the methods described by Orlov (1995 ). The dry sample of HA has 1.36% of ash content and 12 m-eqv/g of acidic groups including 8.1 m-eqv/g of carboxylic groups. The constant of dissociation of the acidic groups amounted to 4.0. The weighted average of the FA molecular mass at pH 3,4,5, was 500, 1500, 2000 respectively. The initial solutions were prepared from the exact weight of dry FA and Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ nitrates. The initial solutions served as a basis for a series of working solutions varying in HM and FA concentration, ranging from 2 . 10 –5 to 32 . 10 –5 mol./l at pH 3; from 0.67 . 10 –5 to 10.6 . 10 –5 mol/l at pH 4; and from 0.5 . 10 –5 to 8.0 . 10 –5 mol/l at pH 5. The ratio of solid faze:solution remained invariable 1:250 in all the experiments on adsorption. At the end of the one-hour shaking period, suspended matter were left intact for 24 hours in order to restore their balance and then filtered through a membrane filter. Equilibrium concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd were measured using the atomic-absorption method; the FA concentra- 113
Page 2 and 3:
PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY AND BIOGEOCHEMIS
Page 4 and 5:
IN MEMORIAM Dr Ludmila Petrovna Kor
Page 6 and 7:
magnetic (ferrimagnetic) oxides, ma
Page 8 and 9:
educed water activity, would favour
Page 10 and 11:
In this paper AT sorption by surfac
Page 12 and 13:
were obtained with clay content, pH
Page 14 and 15:
In present investigation the quartz
Page 16 and 17:
Hence, the micromorphology suggests
Page 18 and 19:
As the indicators of soil aeration
Page 20 and 21:
Stomatal diffusive resistance of th
Page 22 and 23:
indicators of soil aeration conditi
Page 24 and 25:
REFERENCES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Page 26 and 27:
Table 1. Breakdown of numbers and t
Page 28 and 29:
MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL P
Page 30 and 31:
conditions, existing at the first p
Page 32 and 33:
INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON WATER P
Page 34 and 35:
moisture % 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 so
Page 36 and 37:
STATE OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES IN M
Page 38 and 39:
million cells/g soil 25 20 15 10 5
Page 40 and 41:
THE INFLUENCE OF COMPOSITION AND PR
Page 42 and 43:
days grew faster than on substrate
Page 44 and 45:
SOIL SALINITY AND CLIMATE CHANGES I
Page 46 and 47:
POROUS STRUCTURE OF NATURAL BODIES
Page 48 and 49:
These nonuniform classification sys
Page 50 and 51:
Mercury intrusion data are plotted
Page 52 and 53:
METHOD AND MATERIALS The shear stre
Page 54 and 55:
wheat flour NaCl salt fine milk Fig
Page 56 and 57: The shear experiments revealed two
Page 58 and 59: Variable charge of mineral surfaces
Page 60 and 61: 3. Huffaker RC and Wallace A 1958 P
Page 62 and 63: Q V (pH)/N t = α(pH) = n ∑ i= 1
Page 64 and 65: REFERENCES 1. De Wit, J.C.M, Van Ri
Page 66 and 67: BM - biomass; NM - necromass; MM -
Page 68 and 69: thousand times at the absence of co
Page 70 and 71: . m 131.5 131.0 I Height above sea
Page 72 and 73: SEASONAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL WATER
Page 74 and 75: The mean difference (MD) and the ro
Page 76 and 77: Acknowledgement This paper presents
Page 78 and 79: 1992; Selim 1999). The relative imp
Page 80 and 81: 1.0 C rel 0.5 0.0 v=0.7 D=3.28 v=0.
Page 82 and 83: 1.0 a b C rel 0.5 0.0 0 1 2 3 0 1 2
Page 84 and 85: Comparison of before- and after-pul
Page 86 and 87: provides the accessibility of catio
Page 88 and 89: MODEL RESEARCH ON FORMATION OF SYNT
Page 90 and 91: The analysis of the specific surfac
Page 92 and 93: PHOSPHATE-INDUCED CHANGES IN THE SP
Page 94 and 95: According to the data of Table 1, t
Page 96 and 97: MINERAL-ORGANIC COMPOUND OF SOILS:
Page 98 and 99: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION An analysis
Page 100 and 101: INTRODUCTION CHEMICAL DEGRADATION O
Page 102 and 103: of organic particles and their elec
Page 104 and 105: HNO 3 -extractable form is very clo
Page 108 and 109: tion was measured using the Tjurina
Page 110 and 111: OUTPUT FLUXES OF LEAD IN FOREST ECO
Page 112 and 113: Regional data on Pb concentrations
Page 114 and 115: DEVICE FOR EVALUATION OF THE RAPE P
Page 116 and 117: SPECTROSCOPIC COMPARISON OF HUMIC A
Page 118 and 119: ehavior of sequentially extracted H
Page 120 and 121: MODERN MONITORING SYSTEMS FOR THE M
Page 122 and 123: The control of the measurement syst
Page 124 and 125: ASORPTION AND SURFACE AREA OF SOILS
Page 126 and 127: Nm xCBET N = ( 1− x BET − )[ 1+
Page 128 and 129: According to this, when x/N (1-x) i
Page 130 and 131: POTENTIAL OF AZOLLA CAROLINIANA TO
Page 132 and 133: The decrease of Pb(II) and of Cd(II
Page 134 and 135: 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Piechalak, A.,
Page 136 and 137: Kloc, 2001]. Nitrogen adsorption is
Page 138 and 139: This is worth noting that the lower
Page 140 and 141: N ( h) 1 2 γ ( h) = [ ( ) ( )] ( )
Page 142 and 143: Exemplary spatial distributions (sa
Page 144 and 145: This is worth noting that significa
Page 146 and 147: adsorbed chemicals to microorganism
Page 148 and 149: were detected in the untreated soil
Page 150 and 151: 0.4 1000 Moisture [Vol.] 0.3 0.2 0.
Page 152 and 153: NITROUS OXIDE EMISSION FROM SOILS W
Page 154 and 155: N2O-N [mg kg -1 ] 100 80 60 40 20 0
Page 156 and 157:
LITERATURE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Page 158 and 159:
where v(t) - CO 2 production rate;
Page 160 and 161:
carbon was involved mainly into mic
Page 162 and 163:
Demkin Vitaliiy DrSc Dmitrakov Leon
Page 164 and 165:
Priputina Irina PhD Rudko Tadeusz P
show all

C - Lublin

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?