Classical and augmentative biological control against ... - IOBC-WPRS
Classical and augmentative biological control against ... - IOBC-WPRS
Classical and augmentative biological control against ... - IOBC-WPRS
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Blum et al.<br />
Table 20: Structure of the questionnaire used in a survey of European farmers <strong>and</strong> retailers of<br />
<strong>biological</strong> <strong>control</strong> products<br />
Categories of questions<br />
Nbr of Questions<br />
Geographical identification 5<br />
System of production concerned 12<br />
Ownership <strong>and</strong> social related aspects 5<br />
Crop protection issues / pest occurrence, etc 18<br />
Economy of the farm, actual costs, revenues etc 12<br />
Expectations for future, cropping systems, investments, etc 9<br />
Relations with input suppliers 18<br />
Relations with advisors 18<br />
Relations with authorities 18<br />
Relation with the food chain (coops, supermarkets etc.) 18<br />
Relations with the consumers 18<br />
Relations with the public 18<br />
Expectations about innovations, role of science 12<br />
Open comments 2<br />
Survey Results: The estimated market of bio<strong>control</strong> in Europe<br />
The questionnaire made it possible to estimate the total <strong>biological</strong> market in ha <strong>and</strong> in value (Figure<br />
11) <strong>and</strong> its partition among different crops (Figure 12).<br />
These data confirm that in 2008, the main use of <strong>biological</strong>s was in protected crops, followed<br />
by grapevine <strong>and</strong> fruit production. Nearly 40% of the estimated bio<strong>control</strong> market consisted in sales<br />
of beneficial insects, compared to 25% for microorganisms <strong>and</strong> 21% for semiochemicals (Figure<br />
11).<br />
Total estimated EU sales of bio<strong>control</strong> products = 204 Mio€ in 2008<br />
18 Mio€<br />
43 Mio€<br />
52 Moi€ 12 Mio€<br />
79 Mio€<br />
Beneficial insects<br />
Beneficial nematods<br />
Microbial bio<strong>control</strong> agents<br />
Semiochemicals<br />
Natural substances<br />
Figure 11: Estimated sales of bio<strong>control</strong> products in Europe in 2008 (in Million €). The estimates<br />
were obtained by extrapolating use patterns in a representative sample of EU farmers.<br />
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