Zooplankton of the open Baltic: Extended Atlas - IOW

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Most copepods reproduce sexually; however some cases of parthenogenesis have been reported and checked experimentally (Dussart & Defaye, 2001). The sex ratio (males/females) in a copepod population is usually below 1, often due to a different behaviour of the sexes. Sexual reproduction implies that the male deposits a spermatophore near the genital aperture of the female. Fertilized eggs develop within a single egg-sac attached to the ventral side of the genital somite centrally in Calanoida, or in two symmetrically located egg-sacs in Cyclopoida. The duration of the embryonic development depends on many factors, among which temperature is one of the most important. When embryonic development is completed, in most copepods the female looses the egg-sac(s), and the eggs hatch together. Among Crustacea, copepods have been cited as exhibiting the most complete example of metamorphosis (Dussart & Defaye, 2001). They consequently pass through 6 nauplial (Fig. 5.1.13) and 5 copepodite stages (Figs. 5.1.14, 5.1.15) before maturation. The eggs hatch into a larva called nauplius – the typical planktivorous larva of crustacean arthropods. In calanoids, naupliar larvae are ovoid, slender and somewhat compressed laterally (Fig. 5.1.13a). In cyclopoids, nauplii are dorsoventrally compressed and have a compact, pear-shaped body (Fig. 5.1.13b). Figure 5.1.13. Nauplii N2 of calanoid (a) and cyclopoid (b) copepods, ventral view (modified from Einsle, 1993). 140
Figure 5.1.14. Development of copepodite stages (C1-C5, C5F – female, C5M – male) of a calanoid copepod, lateral view (modified from Einsle, 1993). Figure 5.1.15. Development of copepodite stages of a cyclopoid copepod, dorsal view (modified from Einsle, 1993). Abbreviations as in Fig. 5.1.14. 141
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LEIBNIZ-INSTITUT FÜR OSTSEEFORSCHU
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Meereswissenschaftliche Berichte MA
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CONTENTS Page Preface…………
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PREFACE This volume is the Second E
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1. INTRODUCTION Since the last glac
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eautifully designed network of flow
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The authors hope that the new, exte
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B (kg C / km²) 1000 100 10 1 0.1 P
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Table 2.1. Degree of dominance (fro
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ecosystem. Therefore, such introduc
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amplitude. On the other hand, for e
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a b c d Figure 3.2.1: a, The WP-2 U
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Figure 3.2.3. UNESCO standard net W
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procedure of sample preparation is
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al., 2000). The table of the micros
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3.5. Biomass determination Informat
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No Character Taxon Examples 6 Body
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considerably increases in coastal w
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Feeding modes and strategies Differ
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Several investigators observed that
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Fig. 4.1.1 Fig. 4.1.2 Fig. 4.1.3 Fi
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No Taxa BP 1 WBS 2 NBS 3 SBS 4 EBS
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4.3. Photo plates: ciliates of the
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Plate 4.3.1 83
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Plate 4.3.2 85
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Plate 4.3.3 87
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Page 125 and 126: 5. MESO- AND MACROZOOPLANKTON OF TH
Page 127 and 128: Figure 5.1.2. Typical hydroid medus
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Page 133 and 134: Cladocera (Plates 5.3.6 - 5.3.10) T
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Page 137 and 138: Figure 5.1.9. How to measure Cladoc
Page 139 and 140: filter feeders. Cyclopoida are also
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Page 147 and 148: Figure 5.1.17. Appendicularia, sche
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Page 151 and 152: 5.2. Checklist of meso- and macrozo
Page 153 and 154: No Taxa BP 1 WBS 2 NBS 3 SBS 4 EBS
Page 161 and 162: 1 BP, Baltic Proper: after Ackefors
Page 163 and 164: 5.3. Photo plates: meso- and macroz
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors gratef
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REFERENCES Aberle, N., Lengfellner,
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marine biodiversity inventory and t
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Bibliographie zur Biologie und Öko
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Johansson, M., Gorokhova, E., Larss
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method of estimating algal numbers
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community of Tokyo Bay. ICES J. Mar
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system by Aurelia aurita medusae -
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de/documents/mebe73_2008-telesh-lpo
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SELECTED ZOOPLANKTON INTERNET DATA
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INDEX OF LATIN NAMES Only valid spe
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Blepharisma tardum 46 Blepharisma u
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Coleps arenarius 48 Coleps bicuspis
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Didinium 36, 38, 51 Didinium balbia
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Folliculina ampula 54 Folliculina g
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Keronopsis arenivorus 57 Keronopsis
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Metopus major 61 Metopus nivaaensis
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Peritromus faurei 64 Peritromus mon
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Remanella brunnea 67 Remanella caud
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Strongylidium muscorum 71 Stylonich
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Trichocerca dixon-nutalli 154 Trich
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Meereswissenschaftliche Berichte MA
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25 (1997) v. Bodungen, Bodo; Hentzs
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49 (2002) Nausch, Günther; Feistel
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73 (2008) Telesh, Irena; Postel, Lu
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