Next Level Bassist Teaching and Inspiration
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| TEACHING AND INSPIRATION |<br />
A VIEW<br />
FROM<br />
THE PIT<br />
LEIGH MESH<br />
FUNDAMENTALS<br />
OF A BASS<br />
PLAYER<br />
HARVIE S<br />
ORIGIN<br />
STORIES<br />
ALEX HANNA<br />
Philadelphia Orchestra<br />
DOUBLE<br />
BASS<br />
SECTION<br />
SPRING 2014
Contents<br />
Spring 2014<br />
Feature Story<br />
5 The fundamentals of a Bass Player<br />
HARVIE S<br />
9 Spotlight: Philadelphia Orchestra<br />
Double Bass Section<br />
10 Just One Dance<br />
RANAAN MEYER<br />
11 Origin Stories<br />
ALEX HANNA<br />
17 A View from the Pit<br />
LEIGH MESH<br />
Contributors<br />
Ranaan Meyer<br />
PUBLISHER / FOUNDER<br />
Brent Edmondson<br />
EDITOR / SALES<br />
Karen Han<br />
LAYOUT DESIGNER<br />
2 NOV/DEC SPRING 2014 2013 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST
Publisher’s Note<br />
Welcome to another issue of <strong>Next</strong> <strong>Level</strong> <strong>Bassist</strong>. We<br />
are covering two topics that every bass player in the<br />
entire world will deal with on one level or another,<br />
the idea of inspiration <strong>and</strong> the art of teaching.<br />
These two topics combine so well because in many<br />
ways the longest <strong>and</strong> most challenging phase of our<br />
musical lives is that of being a student. The greatest<br />
players never truly peak, because they devote their entire lives to the study <strong>and</strong><br />
development of the craft. Finding the source of your inspiration can happen at<br />
any time, but for most people it happens under the guidance of a teacher. This<br />
close relationship can lead you to many of the most profound discoveries you<br />
will have in your life, <strong>and</strong> can set you on the path to success.<br />
There is no secret: success comes from hard work <strong>and</strong> most importantly, smart<br />
work. Every single musician past, present, <strong>and</strong> future will have to push himself<br />
or herself to extremes in order to achieve artistic satisfaction, to find the truths<br />
inside that make truly magical music. Where do we find the fuel to propel<br />
ourselves forward? How do we take it to the next level? I think that the answer<br />
to these questions is both incredibly individual, <strong>and</strong> strangely universal too.<br />
Ultimately, it all comes from the music. Transitioning from playing jazz<br />
piano, Harvie S felt the calling of the bass to make his fellow musicians sound<br />
better, <strong>and</strong> he taught himself to play from the examples of the greats that came<br />
before him. Leigh Mesh continues to draw on the beauty <strong>and</strong> power of the<br />
music he has been playing for 20 years with the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra.<br />
Alex Hanna points to the incredible support of family that allowed him<br />
to rise to the top of the orchestral world as principal bassist of the Chicago<br />
Symphony Orchestra!<br />
johnson<br />
string instrument<br />
VIOLINS, VIOLAS, CELLOS, BASSES & GUITARS<br />
As a student in Philadelphia, I learned so much from the Philadelphia Orchestra.<br />
For decades their bass section has set st<strong>and</strong>ards of interpretation, sound, <strong>and</strong><br />
overall musicality. Besides being my hometown orchestra, I have performed<br />
in the bass section <strong>and</strong> in front of this incredible orchestra, <strong>and</strong> I am so excited<br />
to share with you all the wisdom <strong>and</strong> perspective of these great players.<br />
Finally, I am thrilled to mention the launching of a new journal, <strong>Next</strong> <strong>Level</strong><br />
Cellist, which coincides with this journal for bass players. The duet I wrote,<br />
Just One Dance, is featured in both issues, <strong>and</strong> I hope it is only the tip of the<br />
iceberg when it comes to collaborating with the cello community. We as bass<br />
players have been lucky the last year to have this place to come together <strong>and</strong><br />
learn, <strong>and</strong> I know the cello community will be just as enthusiastic <strong>and</strong> generous.<br />
Encourage your friends in the low string world to check it out. And don’t worry<br />
- we’ve still got the lowest notes here!<br />
RANAAN MEYER<br />
Publisher <strong>Next</strong> <strong>Level</strong> Journals<br />
www.johnsonstring.com<br />
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SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST<br />
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Harvie S<br />
The Fundamentals of a Bass Player<br />
Harvie S is an<br />
award winning<br />
bassist, educator,<br />
composer, arranger,<br />
<strong>and</strong> producer.<br />
I<br />
have been teaching for a long time. I started teaching at the<br />
Manhattan School of Music in 1984, <strong>and</strong> I had previously taught<br />
extensively with a private studio <strong>and</strong> through workshops. I have<br />
improved as I’ve been teaching, <strong>and</strong> my teaching has improved as well.<br />
Quite truthfully, the process of teaching has taught me a great deal.<br />
It is a very difficult thing to teach the bass, <strong>and</strong> it’s taken a lot of<br />
thought <strong>and</strong> soul-searching to figure out how I could make myself<br />
a worthwhile source of information.<br />
I started on the piano, <strong>and</strong> didn’t play the bass until I was 18.<br />
Everything in my life was geared toward playing <strong>and</strong> performing.<br />
In fact, I had no aspirations to become a teacher. My true love is<br />
certainly getting out with other musicians <strong>and</strong> playing - I won’t say any<br />
differently! <strong>Teaching</strong> came as people who heard me performing started<br />
to ask me to teach them. I used to feel taken aback, <strong>and</strong> I wasn’t that<br />
excited about it. People would come over for lessons, <strong>and</strong> my teaching<br />
was very scattered - I think I helped in some ways, but not nearly as<br />
much as I can today.<br />
It was a wakeup call for me when students would ask questions that I<br />
had never considered before. My default answer at the start was “I just<br />
do it!” I never had a bass teacher, I taught myself <strong>and</strong> figured out what<br />
I needed. When a student would come at me with questions, I had to<br />
analyze <strong>and</strong> codify all the things I was doing <strong>and</strong> be able to verbalize<br />
them. Up to the point where I started to teach, I worked on things<br />
with little inward questioning. Once I started to figure out what I was<br />
doing, I think I started playing on a higher level. There a tremendous<br />
benefit to teaching, because the more I taught, the better I played <strong>and</strong><br />
the better I taught. I found teaching to be naturally parallel to playing.<br />
The combination feeds off itself. One of the reasons for enjoying<br />
teaching is I feel I’ve learned more than I taught! <strong>Teaching</strong> is about<br />
making life a better place to be, <strong>and</strong> it makes me happy when I find it<br />
appearing in other parts of my life.<br />
Establishing a baseline for the bass line<br />
I approach teaching on many levels. The first thing I do is watch<br />
a student <strong>and</strong> analyze what they do - not only the notes they play,<br />
but their posture, their left <strong>and</strong> right h<strong>and</strong>s, their technique. Beyond<br />
that, I analyze their bass lines <strong>and</strong> we can begin figuring out how their<br />
playing can help a b<strong>and</strong> sound better. Knowing all of the rules, <strong>and</strong><br />
knowing how to break those rules, makes you a great bass player.<br />
Honestly, I think being a great bass player is not as easy as some<br />
people like to say. It’s not about playing this or that scale, or approaching<br />
the root from a certain note - those things aren’t it. Are these<br />
things completely wrong? Of course not! This seems to me like saying<br />
all a great basketball player does is dribble <strong>and</strong> shoot - I don’t think<br />
that’s the case.<br />
To me, there’s a whole science of playing the bass, <strong>and</strong> it’s quite<br />
involved. Truthfully, I love it, I love talking about it, <strong>and</strong> I love helping<br />
people discover this. When I work with a young player <strong>and</strong> show<br />
them the things they need for those light-bulb moments, it’s enjoyable.<br />
I have a set of basic fundamentals that I teach to all my students, but<br />
I approach every person I work with as an individual. The bass differs<br />
from other instruments because we don’t simply think differently,<br />
but the bass <strong>and</strong> the person playing it make a unique combination<br />
SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST<br />
5
physically. If you have someone who is 6’2<br />
<strong>and</strong> very thin, they will approach the bass<br />
very differently than someone who is 5’8 <strong>and</strong><br />
more stocky. These are vital issues to address.<br />
We differ from people who play smaller<br />
instruments, such as the trumpet. In that case<br />
our relative size to the trumpet wouldn’t be<br />
quite as big an issue, as only our h<strong>and</strong>s <strong>and</strong><br />
lips would factor in, but we have to st<strong>and</strong> next<br />
to <strong>and</strong> hold the instrument.<br />
<strong>Teaching</strong> myself<br />
No one ever told me what to do. I’m originally<br />
a piano player, so I approached bass with some<br />
knowledge of style. I knew how to voice lead<br />
chords <strong>and</strong> things like that. When I started to<br />
play the bass, I really had to take another<br />
approach. Nobody had ever mentioned<br />
motion of root notes, so I started listening<br />
to records to find what other players did. I<br />
did what everyone does, I borrowed from<br />
the masters <strong>and</strong> put things together as best I<br />
could. I would end up in gigs <strong>and</strong> figure “I’ve<br />
got to make this work!” I certainly made a<br />
lot of mistakes, it was trial <strong>and</strong> error. People<br />
would say sometimes “Well ok, don’t do that<br />
again.” I’m persistent <strong>and</strong> I kept playing until<br />
I got it right.<br />
The same process has basically applied to my<br />
teaching journey. I think I did ok in the past,<br />
but to become a very effective teacher has<br />
taken a lot of thought. I’ve experimented<br />
<strong>and</strong> I’ve borrowed from other methods until<br />
I arrived at something that has a high success<br />
rate <strong>and</strong> broad applications. Most of my<br />
teaching is unteaching. Almost every student<br />
I get needs to be stripped of bad habits. I’m a<br />
real bug about being efficient with technique.<br />
I’m going to start this with a caveat - any<br />
discussion of fundamentals I could start in<br />
this article will not cover the topic or even<br />
come close to what you can achieve exploring<br />
it with a teacher over a long period of time.<br />
However, discussing fundamentals is a big<br />
part of my teaching, so I will give an overview<br />
of one small aspect.<br />
A fundamental under<br />
the microscope<br />
Here’s a question for you. What do you do<br />
with the bass the most? You hold it!<br />
That’s what you will spend the majority of<br />
your time doing with a bass. Playing it or<br />
not, you’re holding it! It st<strong>and</strong>s to reason that<br />
it’s crucial to examine how you hold it! If a<br />
student comes to me <strong>and</strong> just asks me to<br />
show them some licks or solos I did on a<br />
certain record, I have to stop them <strong>and</strong> issue<br />
a disclaimer: I think that’s a waste of money<br />
<strong>and</strong> it won’t help you get any better.<br />
I heard an interview years ago with Ravi<br />
Shankar, <strong>and</strong> he talked about how they<br />
trained to play the sitar. They spend the first<br />
two years ear training <strong>and</strong> learning sitting<br />
positions for playing. They don’t play a single<br />
note in training for TWO YEARS! It was an<br />
absolute shock to me. You spend so much<br />
time learning all of the information you will<br />
need to play the instrument first, <strong>and</strong> then<br />
they can let you loose on it. Listen to some<br />
of these musicians, <strong>and</strong> there are some really<br />
amazing things happening! Imagine if we bass<br />
players had that kind of patience! Of course<br />
I don’t make my students do that, but I make<br />
sure my students train correctly right from<br />
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6 SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST
day one with me because it’s absolutely vital. Usually with a new<br />
student, I can determine that a certain posture is leading 20 years<br />
down the road to back problems, or intonation problems in a<br />
certain range, etc. I’m not a doctor, but I can certainly foresee when<br />
a particular approach will lead to pain <strong>and</strong> suffering down the line.<br />
I think it’s my job as a teacher to prevent these sorts of things early<br />
on, rather than allowing them to learn this after years of discomfort<br />
while playing.<br />
When we discuss posture, my motto is: “This is what I believe to be<br />
the most efficient way to hold <strong>and</strong> play the bass. All I ask of you is to<br />
try it, <strong>and</strong> I will justify everything I show you.” The approach I show<br />
is emphatically NOT the only way to approach the instrument. When<br />
you get in your car to drive to work, there isn’t only one route for you<br />
to get there! I can take 50 routes to get where I want to go, <strong>and</strong> I’ll<br />
settle on the one I like the best. I may change my mind one day to the<br />
next <strong>and</strong> go a different way, <strong>and</strong> that’s ok. I try to give a fundamental<br />
underst<strong>and</strong>ing of an aspect to bass playing so that players will have the<br />
same tools I do to make these decisions. One person might not feel my<br />
approach works best for him, <strong>and</strong> will alter it, having the education<br />
necessary to make an informed choice about it.<br />
Students should always feel free to ask why their teacher does something<br />
a certain way. It’s up to you as a teacher to go into detail here <strong>and</strong><br />
explain it. My concept isn’t “My way or the highway.” The student has a<br />
choice of using my concept, modifying it, or disregarding it.<br />
The path to crafting great bass lines<br />
I’ve done so much studying of bass lines of the “greats” <strong>and</strong> I’ve<br />
figured out what really works in what they did. I find that so many<br />
bass players to me are missing the point. When they play bass lines,<br />
they don’t know what their job really is. To me, it’s most important<br />
that you underst<strong>and</strong> the building blocks - really underst<strong>and</strong> them<br />
<strong>and</strong> be able to manipulate them for your own purposes. Without this,<br />
you may get around but you’ll never be a true “great.” Always strive<br />
for greatness! Before you can learn these building blocks, you have<br />
to know what one is. I think the problem is that it’s never been<br />
established what they really are. I haven’t found a satisfactory book<br />
that lays it all out. There’s a lot of good information in the materials<br />
out there, don’t get me wrong. I’ve just found that I need to synthesize<br />
the information from 4 or 5 different great bass players to get to the<br />
basis of what they’re doing. Every one of these players will sound<br />
fantastic, play very well, <strong>and</strong> have some incredible ideas, but they<br />
all sound completely different.<br />
Most of the bass lines I hear would sound fine to a non-bassist, but<br />
I often feel players run the risk of missing the point completely. If I<br />
were the piano player, as I often am in lessons, it would be the job of<br />
the bass player to make me sound good. Even in my case, where I’m<br />
not the greatest piano player in the world, the job of the bass is to take<br />
me beyond my own playing level. I’m trying to teach people to boost<br />
the sound of the b<strong>and</strong>. It’s for this reason that I think bass is one of the<br />
hardest instruments to teach - you’re trying to teach people to play<br />
something that by itself isn’t that impressive. When it combines with<br />
the other elements, the ensemble should sound phenomenal. With<br />
piano playing, you can take another approach where you sound great<br />
by yourself. If you as a bass player are laying something down that<br />
sounds great by itself, it’s probably not a great bass line. It needs to<br />
make the b<strong>and</strong> sound better, <strong>and</strong> that’s the real job of the bassist.<br />
This is my bass mantra: A bass line is only<br />
as good as how it makes the other members<br />
of the b<strong>and</strong> sound.<br />
When you live by those words, then you’re on the right track to being<br />
a good bassist <strong>and</strong> team player. Playing the fastest licks, out-reading<br />
everyone, memorizing 14 Paul Chambers bass solos - this stuff doesn’t<br />
make you a great player. You have to know how to listen to the other<br />
musicians, you have to know the form <strong>and</strong> structure of the music. At<br />
the end of the night, nobody in the b<strong>and</strong> is going to come over <strong>and</strong> say<br />
“Hey, that was great bass playing tonight! Great lines, you really made<br />
us swing.” They won’t say that, but what you should really hope to hear<br />
is: “Great gig tonight. Listen, we have a tour in the spring, would you<br />
like to join us for it?” It can sometimes seem like a thankless job, but<br />
your job is ultimately to take the music to a higher level <strong>and</strong> make it as<br />
good as can be.<br />
Listening list of some greats: There’s not enough room to simply list<br />
all of the “greats” of jazz bass, but if you are hoping for a career in this<br />
business, you will have a hard time if you don’t know these players:<br />
Wellman Braud, Jimmy Blanton, Oscar Pettiford, Slam Stewart, Israel<br />
Crosby, Paul Chambers, Ray Brown, Milt Hinton, Neils Henning<br />
Orstead Pederson<br />
Technology in teaching<br />
I’m not a heavy-weight technology user, but I use Skype all the time!<br />
It’s the direction the world is taking, <strong>and</strong> it allows me to teach somebody<br />
in Italy from my studio at home. It’s almost like this student is in<br />
the room. I do everything I can to help with technique, <strong>and</strong> in the off<br />
time I give writing concepts as homework - this is part of my bass lines<br />
fundamental. Technology is so wonderful, because we can easily share<br />
files between teacher <strong>and</strong> student, <strong>and</strong> I can easily distribute exercises<br />
<strong>and</strong> other resources. Video lessons are so close to the real thing these<br />
days that it’s a very realistic way to make learning happen. I’m very<br />
happy to take on new students this way <strong>and</strong> it allows me to get an idea<br />
of what’s going on outside of my studio in Manhattan.<br />
My teaching when it comes to students at the Manhattan School of<br />
Music is all live, as it traditionally is in formal school situations. As<br />
much as I appreciate video lessons, I want to give my students the best<br />
that I can by being present in the room. Being there allows me to play<br />
piano with the student, coach them actively, <strong>and</strong> interact with them in<br />
a way that simulates real world scenarios like gigs <strong>and</strong> recitals.<br />
My duets<br />
Many people set out to write a book for the bass thinking they’ll be<br />
producing something that every bass player needs, but after years<br />
of teaching I find uses for perhaps 2 or 3 pages from many different<br />
books has worked for me. I think many people decide to write a book<br />
because they want to synthesize all these different ideas together, <strong>and</strong><br />
that’s what I’ve attempted to do with my series of 8 duets. Invariably<br />
when bassists are hanging out, we’ll find ourselves wondering what<br />
we can play together. Usually it’ll be something like “Let’s play Stella<br />
by Starlight,” <strong>and</strong> the two players start arranging how they’ll play the<br />
tune. They’ll alternate playing the melody <strong>and</strong> the bass lines, someone<br />
takes a chorus here or there, <strong>and</strong> so on. You might play some free<br />
improvisation, or go to the old Stuart Sankey duet book. For a long<br />
time, there was nothing for jazz that functioned along those lines.<br />
SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST<br />
7
During a period in my life where I was writing a lot of b<strong>and</strong> arrangements,<br />
I would find myself inspired <strong>and</strong> writing late into the night. It<br />
seemed like the time for me to tackle these bass duets I had always felt<br />
the need for. These 8 duets were composed over the course of a year.<br />
Originally, I envisioned them as student/teacher duets because I really<br />
enjoy playing with my students. The top parts of these pieces are very<br />
challenging <strong>and</strong> soloistic. The bottom parts are primarily functional,<br />
<strong>and</strong> they’re designed to teach you how to construct bass lines. All of<br />
the music is written for the bass, so they’re fundamentally playable.<br />
Some of the tunes are arrangements of st<strong>and</strong>ards, some tackle a<br />
certain idea (like playing in 13/4 <strong>and</strong> 11/4 time), <strong>and</strong> common forms<br />
like a 16 bar blues. The educational value of these duets is limitless!<br />
Packaged with each of them is a series of recordings, including the<br />
individual parts <strong>and</strong> the whole score at various tempi for practicing.<br />
The recordings are generated digitally so you can strive for perfect<br />
timing <strong>and</strong> intonation. There are also parts in Bb <strong>and</strong> Eb for<br />
collaborating with other non-bassists.<br />
By practicing with the other part, you develop your listening skills as<br />
a musician. By playing the top part, you can also learn which elements<br />
of the bass line are important to have under a soloist. You can then<br />
construct bass lines using those elements, knowing you’re doing your<br />
part to back up the solo. Practicing the bottom part is actually the<br />
harder part - you need to play in tune with perfect time to support<br />
the duet, <strong>and</strong> in each tune you’ll find playing in thirds <strong>and</strong> other<br />
harmonies, as well as some great rhythmic challenges. Playing in<br />
unison is another tool that can expose weaknesses in intonation.<br />
Playing with instruments other than bass will often reveal adjustments<br />
you need to make, for instance, playing in tune with a saxophone<br />
or a piano.<br />
A friend of mine came by recently, <strong>and</strong> we spent two hours working<br />
on the duet “Bluzin F” <strong>and</strong> we were having the time of our lives! The<br />
idea is to really learn the duets <strong>and</strong> then improvise over them too.<br />
The chord symbols are there to give you another degree of freedom.<br />
There’s a lot of “learning by doing” involved here, <strong>and</strong> the different<br />
settings for the melody show different approaches to putting a bass<br />
line under a tune. I strongly suggest any bass player should look into<br />
these pieces.<br />
The difficulty level of the top parts is such that you need to work<br />
at them. I don’t think jazz players should have to rely on classical<br />
repertoire like the Koussevitzky concerto to advance their playing. The<br />
beauty of having jazz duets is that you can play them as they’re written,<br />
you can improvise over them, you can change them without feeling<br />
guilty or like you’re copping out. They’re available to be used as a tool,<br />
<strong>and</strong> to generate ideas. Have fun with them <strong>and</strong> get what you can out<br />
of them, because that’s what they’re about! I’m setting the bar to see if<br />
you can jump over. ■<br />
To check out this <strong>and</strong> other duets, click here.<br />
8 SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST
SPOTLIGHT<br />
PHILADELPHIA ORCHESTRA DOUBLE BASS SECTION<br />
There are several orchestras in the world<br />
that receive the respect <strong>and</strong> admiration<br />
of the classical music community for their<br />
high level of technical prowess, incredible<br />
music directors at the helm, <strong>and</strong> reputation<br />
for definitive interpretations of great works.<br />
There is only one orchestra in the world,<br />
however, that is known universally for<br />
its unique sound, cultivated by decades of<br />
tradition <strong>and</strong> a famously uncooperative hall.<br />
The Fabulous Philadelphians, as they are<br />
often called, can lay claim to the original<br />
soundtrack to Fantasia, <strong>and</strong> boast a longst<strong>and</strong>ing<br />
tradition of bass playing cultivated<br />
by their relationship with an equally distinguished<br />
institution, the Curtis Institute<br />
of Music. We spoke with the members of the<br />
bass section, who boast an unbroken line of<br />
experience dating all the way back to 1964.<br />
Witnessing the Philadelphia Orchestra bass<br />
section in action, one is immediately struck<br />
by the relative ease with which they play<br />
together. Rob Kesselman, who joined the<br />
section in 1987, believes the philosophy of<br />
the section is to “support the big string sound<br />
with a big bass sound. Nothing too fancy,<br />
just laying it down!” Frequent substitute<br />
player Mary Javian describes it using one of<br />
the section’s most popular sayings, “Cut her<br />
loose!” However you slice it, the section upholds<br />
the tradition of the “Philly sound.” This<br />
idea is rooted in the history of the orchestra,<br />
which performed until 2001 in the Academy<br />
of Music. This hall, which is known for its<br />
dry acoustic, is believed to have forced string<br />
players to play in a longer, more connected<br />
style in order to compensate for a lack<br />
of resonance. Famous recordings of the<br />
orchestra were captured in venues as diverse<br />
as Town Hall <strong>and</strong> a basketball court in<br />
Fairmount Park, allowing the rich <strong>and</strong> vibrant<br />
quality of sound to transcend the limitations<br />
of their normal concert venue. For the last<br />
13 years, the orchestra has performed at the<br />
Kimmel Center, a space with an acoustic to<br />
match the sublime quality of the playing on<br />
stage, <strong>and</strong> the impact of the “big bass sound”<br />
has never been stronger.<br />
The members of the Philly section share a<br />
common learning heritage. Of the 8 players in<br />
the bass section, 4 are alumni of Philadelphia’s<br />
Curtis Institute of Music. The school’s close<br />
proximity to the orchestra <strong>and</strong> a faculty roster<br />
full of Philadelphia Orchestra musicians allow<br />
students to get deeply acquainted with the<br />
sound, tradition, <strong>and</strong> tastes of this orchestra.<br />
Henry Scott, a member since 1974, says that<br />
playing with the section reminds him of first<br />
driving a car. “Some things just seem to be<br />
so natural <strong>and</strong> ingrained in me as I grew up,<br />
attending Philadelphia Orchestra concerts.”<br />
As one of only 18 orchestras in America with<br />
a full time schedule, these musicians possess a<br />
coveted asset in today’s orchestra world - true<br />
familiarity as an ensemble. One of the most<br />
rewarding aspects of performing with an<br />
orchestra that plays together, week in <strong>and</strong><br />
week out, is the overall sense of quiet confidence.<br />
Says Mary Javian, “you can play your<br />
guts out from the very back of the section.<br />
Every player contributes a huge, lush sound.”<br />
A recent development of the orchestra was<br />
the appointment of a new music director, the<br />
38 year old French Canadian maestro Yannick<br />
Nezet-Seguin. According to many orchestra<br />
veterans, his coming marks a new golden<br />
age for the Philadelphia Orchestra. Henry<br />
Scott counts among his favorite moments in<br />
a 40 year tenure with the orchestra a 2013<br />
performance of the Bach St. Matthew Passion.<br />
“That entire concert was awesome. Since<br />
Yannick has been with us, there have been<br />
very many such moments.” As the orchestra<br />
sees the retirement of musicians dating back<br />
to the Eugene Orm<strong>and</strong>y recording era <strong>and</strong><br />
the appointment of a new generation of<br />
musicians, the ensemble continues to find<br />
inspiration in bold new programming <strong>and</strong><br />
incredible performances.<br />
True to their roots as one of America’s great<br />
institutions, the bass section members often<br />
cite Beethoven <strong>and</strong> the other “war horse”<br />
composers as their favorites. In an orchestra<br />
known for its power <strong>and</strong> intensity, it comes<br />
as no surprise that the immortal music of<br />
Beethoven <strong>and</strong> Brahms, Mozart <strong>and</strong> Strauss<br />
are the source of inspiration for these heavyweights.<br />
What is it about these composers,<br />
besides an overarching sense of greatness <strong>and</strong><br />
respect for them? Perhaps, as Rob Kesselman<br />
believes, it comes down to continuing to be<br />
challenged. In a career where many musicians<br />
can expect to perform for over 40 years with<br />
the same group of musicians, finding nuance<br />
<strong>and</strong> subtlety in the same works is crucial.<br />
Often these moments come about because<br />
of external circumstances. Kesselman recalls<br />
playing the William Tell Overture (one of<br />
the most often performed works of the entire<br />
repertoire) with Riccardo Muti: “It was in<br />
Buenos Aires. It was absolutely thrilling, the<br />
audience threw flowers on the stage afterward!”<br />
For Mary Javian, it was the visceral<br />
impact of Shostakovich: “The depiction of<br />
the invasion in the first movement was so<br />
vivid I felt as if I had been transported to this<br />
scene of war <strong>and</strong> horror. The orchestra played<br />
with a crushing force that was absolutely<br />
hair raising.”<br />
There is an indefinable chemistry involved in<br />
the healthy functioning of a group of people<br />
who play music together. In a profession so<br />
filled with emotion <strong>and</strong> artistic risk, having<br />
a good atmosphere is crucial. Henry Scott<br />
attributes this to “a respect for what we do,<br />
as well as respect for one another.” Principal<br />
Hal Robinson helps to cultivate a “laid-back<br />
attitude” in rehearsals, <strong>and</strong> when it comes to<br />
concert time, the section creates a sound that<br />
dem<strong>and</strong>s to be heard. ■<br />
SELECTED VIEWING:<br />
• Complete performance of Carl Orff ’s Carmina Burana with Rafael<br />
Fruhbeck de Burgos at the Kimmel Center, February 2013<br />
• Trailer for Music From the Inside Out, a terrific documentary<br />
of the musicians of the Philadelphia Orchestra from 2004. There<br />
are some great shots of Hal Robinson performing solo music<br />
by Francois Rabbath!<br />
• The Philadelphia Orchestra’s own recordings page lists current<br />
recording offerings available for purchase. Please support this bass<br />
section <strong>and</strong> orchestra, while building your library of superlative<br />
recordings<br />
SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST<br />
9
10 SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST<br />
Want more? The complete version of this duet is available by clicking here.
Origin<br />
Stories<br />
ALEX HANNA<br />
SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST 11
My path to a successful career began with a few very fortunate<br />
circumstances. The first <strong>and</strong> most important thing in my progression<br />
from my first music lesson as a child to being principal of the CSO<br />
was support from my parents. They signed me up for piano lessons<br />
at age 4, <strong>and</strong> continued to cart me around to piano, cello <strong>and</strong> bass<br />
lessons throughout my childhood. It’s important for every musician<br />
to have an encounter that starts a fire within. It may be parents, a<br />
great music teacher, or it could be a musician or ensemble you see in<br />
a concert. We’re so lucky today to have a resource like Youtube, where<br />
anyone with an interest in music can look up a video <strong>and</strong> start learning<br />
by seeing <strong>and</strong> hearing.<br />
My parents hooked me up with piano lessons from age four <strong>and</strong> cello<br />
lessons from age 8. They made sure I got to my lessons <strong>and</strong> that I had<br />
quality teachers, <strong>and</strong> this level of support so early on was a major<br />
factor in my success. The next step beyond support was hard work<br />
<strong>and</strong> dedication. These are the qualities you need to cultivate the skills<br />
required to pursue music at a high level. I was not really excited about<br />
music from age four to about age nine. I<br />
was good at it, but my parents made me<br />
practice. It didn’t really click for me until<br />
I was 10 or 11 years old, <strong>and</strong> I realized<br />
that I could excel <strong>and</strong> impress my friends,<br />
which was pretty cool to me. At that<br />
time, I began taking my own initiative<br />
to practice all the time. I was setting my<br />
own goals, which is a vital step in a<br />
musician’s progress. These goals could<br />
vary - a middle school ensemble solo, a<br />
weekly lesson, learning a new piece -<br />
but I think it was a fairly unusual trait for<br />
a young person to set ambitious goals like<br />
I was. I knew by the time I was 14 <strong>and</strong><br />
began playing bass that I wanted to join<br />
an orchestra, <strong>and</strong> that I wanted to go to<br />
Curtis, <strong>and</strong> so I started working toward<br />
those goals.<br />
Obviously, it’s a really big risk to make<br />
that decision. There were only a h<strong>and</strong>ful<br />
of students in my school doing anything<br />
like this. I was lucky to have my older<br />
sister as a role model, because she was<br />
pursuing music <strong>and</strong> went to the Peabody<br />
Conservatory. It was very helpful to have<br />
that path laid out for me by someone in my family, <strong>and</strong> I became very<br />
familiar with the conservatory vibe <strong>and</strong> what it would take to get in.<br />
To sum it up, it takes support from your family <strong>and</strong> your educators, it<br />
takes hard work <strong>and</strong> the ability to set realistic but ambitious goals, <strong>and</strong><br />
most important, the willingness to take risks. It takes a tremendous<br />
amount of courage to say to your family <strong>and</strong> friends, “I’m going to<br />
spend the rest of my life as a double bass player.” I would be willing to<br />
bet these three things would be a recipe for success in any pursuit.<br />
PASSING THE FLAME<br />
Identifying what makes you tick is so important. What kind of music,<br />
what genre, what atmosphere, what piece, what composer? When you<br />
know that, it’s just a matter of going after it. Don’t hold back, don’t feel<br />
any shame, <strong>and</strong> don’t worry about what anyone else thinks of you. As<br />
long as it speaks to you, it’s worth chasing!<br />
Since I was a young child, the most inspiring <strong>and</strong> fulfilling thing has<br />
always been listening to live music. No matter what it is, as long as<br />
it’s really great, I can connect with it. That includes Bach, jazz, rock<br />
music, so many different things. I grew up in a small college town in<br />
Ohio. There was a surprising amount of great music around, but not<br />
nearly as much as most big cities. So, I was getting a hold of recordings.<br />
Youtube didn’t exist when I was in high school! I remember<br />
being on a family trip as a kid, <strong>and</strong> we stopped in a bookstore. I saw a<br />
DVD of the Appalachian Waltz trio with Edgar Meyer, Yo-Yo Ma, <strong>and</strong><br />
Mark O’Connor, <strong>and</strong> I knew instantly that I had to have it! I probably<br />
watched that DVD 200 times in one year - it was on all the time! The<br />
chance to study Edgar’s magic on DVD was life changing. I was also<br />
listening to recordings of Gary Karr, Yo-Yo Ma, Rostropovich <strong>and</strong><br />
other legendary string players. All my life I’ve been listening to music.<br />
Every weekend while I was at Curtis, I was able to see the Philadelphia<br />
Orchestra, <strong>and</strong> watch Hal Robinson play with the section. That was<br />
the best education I ever could have asked for! There are also 5 or 6<br />
recitals I’ve seen that have literally changed my<br />
life, like hearing recitals by Maxim Vengerov,<br />
Christian Tetzlaff <strong>and</strong> Yo-Yo Ma. That’s the stuff<br />
that really inspired me.<br />
I was very fortunate to go to Curtis <strong>and</strong> be<br />
around great students. We weren’t just limited<br />
to listening to bass recordings in the bass<br />
studio, although the majority of the time we<br />
were certainly listening to Edgar Meyer, Hal<br />
Robinson, Ed Barker, <strong>and</strong> other great bassists.<br />
We would also listen to Glenn Gould <strong>and</strong> other<br />
great musicians interpret Bach. Live music is<br />
where it’s at for me, it’s what I do for a living <strong>and</strong><br />
it’s how I communicate best. Even at the best<br />
school or community in the world, the most you<br />
can learn is from sitting down at a concert <strong>and</strong><br />
hearing a great musician play at the top of his or<br />
her game. Learning to listen <strong>and</strong> being open to<br />
really great music has been the most important<br />
thing, <strong>and</strong> it’s what has kept me going. Now<br />
I’m really lucky to go to work every single week<br />
with incredible musicians. I get to work with<br />
Riccardo Muti, Pierre Boulez, Bernard Haitink -<br />
these monsters of music on the podium - <strong>and</strong> be<br />
surrounded by wonderful music each week.<br />
RECEIVING INSPIRATION ON STAGE<br />
When it comes to a great conductor, I’m just looking for someone<br />
to connect with my colleagues <strong>and</strong> me. Everyone has different styles,<br />
different ways of conducting the beat, <strong>and</strong> so on, but that’s the very tip<br />
of the iceberg. The truly great maestros connect with your soul <strong>and</strong><br />
your gut, <strong>and</strong> they bring out the best in you. I’ll never forget the very<br />
first rehearsal I had with Muti <strong>and</strong> the Chicago Symphony - it was part<br />
of my trial week, playing Brahms Symphony No. 2. I was very jazzed<br />
up to be joining this orchestra for the first time, <strong>and</strong> everyone was<br />
checking me out to see how I would do. Muti strutted out - the really<br />
great conductors are immensely confident in everything they do. As<br />
soon as he was out, he was running the show, making jokes <strong>and</strong> calling<br />
the shots. We started playing Brahms, <strong>and</strong> right from the first phrase<br />
with the cellos <strong>and</strong> basses, Muti was staring me down <strong>and</strong> bringing out<br />
the sound from inside all of us. It’s hard to describe, but it’s an<br />
12 SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST
7th Annual Wabass Institute - the world's only fullscholarship<br />
double bass camp<br />
June 15-21, 2014<br />
Wabash, IN at the Charley Creek Foundation<br />
www.wabass.com for more information<br />
Eric Larson<br />
Houston Symphony<br />
Hal Robinson<br />
Philadelphia Orchestra<br />
Ranaan Meyer<br />
Time for Three<br />
4th Wabass Workshop - Summerfest at the Curtis<br />
Institute of Music<br />
June 22-25, 2014<br />
www.wabass.com for more information<br />
John Patitucci<br />
Jeffrey Turner<br />
Ranaan Meyer<br />
Joseph Conyers<br />
Grammy Award Winning<br />
Jazz <strong>Bassist</strong><br />
Principal Bass, Pittsburgh<br />
Symphony Orchestra<br />
Time for Three<br />
Assistant Principal Bass,<br />
Philadelphia Orchestra<br />
SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST 13
immensely special thing when it happens.<br />
Something I find in common among great<br />
conductors is a true respect for the bass. They<br />
underst<strong>and</strong> our importance for the integrity<br />
of the orchestra, the sound of the ensemble.<br />
Muti has said on a few different occasions<br />
that if he were to play an instrument in the<br />
orchestra, he would play the bass. Simon<br />
Rattle always wants the bass section to play<br />
out <strong>and</strong> to lead. All the guests that come<br />
in <strong>and</strong> never look at us, or tell us to shadow<br />
the celli have a lack of reverence for us, <strong>and</strong><br />
for the composers. There’s a type of conductor<br />
that tries to make the art form serve his<br />
musical personality, or leave his stamp on<br />
the music. It’s very frustrating when people<br />
do that! Muti, Haitink, Rattle - these<br />
conductors truly admire <strong>and</strong> respect the<br />
composers they’re conducting. They are very<br />
connected with the needs of the piece rather<br />
than serving their own ego. Respect for the<br />
composer, respect for the bass <strong>and</strong> the bass<br />
section as a whole - these traits allow a human<br />
connection to form between the maestro <strong>and</strong><br />
the orchestra.<br />
TEACHING<br />
I’m teaching at DePaul University now <strong>and</strong><br />
I also coach the Civic Orchestra of Chicago<br />
bass section. Civic is a really great program,<br />
<strong>and</strong> I get to work with those students at least<br />
every month for a couple hours. The focus<br />
of my pedagogy is at DePaul, which is really<br />
exciting! I work with a really stellar faculty,<br />
including Rob Kassinger <strong>and</strong> Michael<br />
Hovnanian from the CSO bass section.<br />
Both of those guys are absolute masters! Jason<br />
Heath also teaches with us. He’s fantastic<br />
<strong>and</strong> very dedicated to the school. There’s also<br />
a jazz program at DePaul, so there is a very<br />
diverse body of students. Many of the bassists<br />
are pursuing orchestral careers, <strong>and</strong> there are<br />
also people who bring different interests to<br />
the table, like jazz or contemporary/electronic<br />
music. My current plan is to accept one student<br />
each year, to eventually have a 4 student<br />
studio. My preference is teaching undergraduates.<br />
I find undergraduate students are at<br />
the age when they are a little more open to<br />
the knowledge I’m giving them, <strong>and</strong> it’s a very<br />
exciting time in any musician’s career. I have<br />
one very fine young student now; he’s very<br />
focused on orchestral music. The vast majority<br />
of my experience has been with orchestral<br />
music, so it’s a good fit for us.<br />
My approach to teaching is very personalized.<br />
When I teach, I have a few goals in mind. I<br />
want to figure out what my student wants to<br />
do: join an orchestra, play chamber music,<br />
give recitals, compose, teach? My desire is<br />
to show him or her the best way to do that. I<br />
say “best way” because there is no single way<br />
to do any of these things! I also use the word<br />
“show” instead of teach. I don’t think “teach”<br />
is the right word to use; it has the wrong connotation.<br />
I identify strengths <strong>and</strong> weaknesses<br />
in students, <strong>and</strong> figure out the best paths they<br />
can take to achieve their goals.<br />
The second part of the equation is to show<br />
them how to play the bass. This may be a<br />
bit more generalized in nature. I certainly<br />
have strong opinions about what works best<br />
for certain styles of music <strong>and</strong> concepts of<br />
sound on the instrument. I have something<br />
like a routine that I hope students will visit<br />
on a regular basis, consisting of scales <strong>and</strong><br />
arpeggios, bowing variations, things to train<br />
the body <strong>and</strong> the mind to produce whatever<br />
sound one desires on the instrument.<br />
One of the biggest gray areas I’ve found for<br />
our instrument is how to hold it. Everyone is<br />
a different height, with different h<strong>and</strong> sizes,<br />
different basses, etc. I’m astonished by how<br />
many viable options there are out there. One<br />
of the most fascinating aspects of my own<br />
playing <strong>and</strong> that of others is posture, how you<br />
engage the bass <strong>and</strong> body. This is a work in<br />
progress for me. My curiosity with this has<br />
lead me to many Youtube videos, checking<br />
out players in concerts, <strong>and</strong> studying the variety<br />
of approaches <strong>and</strong> what the benefits are.<br />
The third aspect is introducing the student to<br />
really great music. No matter what my students<br />
want to do once they leave my studio,<br />
I’m going to have them play Bach. I think that<br />
any great musician has to respect, underst<strong>and</strong>,<br />
play, <strong>and</strong> listen to Bach. Getting to share<br />
the music of great composers (which also<br />
includes Beethoven, Mozart, Brahms, <strong>and</strong><br />
others) is certainly one of the most fun parts<br />
of the relationship with my students.<br />
ACCESSING BACH<br />
The first <strong>and</strong> most important step is to just<br />
listen to the music. Listen to the cello suites,<br />
the violin sonatas <strong>and</strong> partitas, the keyboard<br />
music - the quantity of music this man put<br />
out is incredible! There’s a tremendous<br />
amount to be learned from playing the cello<br />
suites on our instruments. I have studied the<br />
1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th <strong>and</strong> 5th suites in a variety<br />
of keys. It builds a lot of different skills on<br />
the instrument, <strong>and</strong> dem<strong>and</strong>s a high quality<br />
of musicanship to execute. I find that<br />
unaccompanied music is great for students<br />
to learn how to sell a musical product that<br />
is truly solo. It forces the musician to become<br />
all parts of the experience - conductor,<br />
performer, interpreter.<br />
The easiest way to access Bach’s music would<br />
probably be the chamber music. Playing<br />
the bass lines to the Br<strong>and</strong>enburg concerti,<br />
Orchestral Suites or the violin concerti is so<br />
much fun. To be a bass player <strong>and</strong> just lay<br />
that stuff down is so satisfying. It’s some of<br />
the best music ever created! There’s so much<br />
music that can be performed beyond the cello<br />
suites, although that will be the primary point<br />
of exposure for most bassists. It’s also very<br />
important to keep in mind that Bach mainly<br />
played the keyboard <strong>and</strong> I believe the true<br />
greatness of his work was composed for it.<br />
It would be great if everyone got both books<br />
of the Well-Tempered Clavier <strong>and</strong> followed<br />
along with the score. I was a pianist <strong>and</strong> cellist<br />
for 10 years before I ever picked up the bass. I<br />
studied the Well-Tempered Clavier <strong>and</strong> cello<br />
suites <strong>and</strong> performed them; I learned so much<br />
from them. The music of Bach is a gift that<br />
has been life changing for me.<br />
ETUDES<br />
A little of my background: I started with<br />
Sim<strong>and</strong>l etudes at the very beginning, <strong>and</strong><br />
I quickly moved on from them. I could<br />
read music very well, <strong>and</strong> I had played cello<br />
for many years before playing bass. From<br />
Sim<strong>and</strong>l I went almost immediately to the<br />
Petracchi Simplified Higher Technique <strong>and</strong> the<br />
Isaiah Bille method at the same time under<br />
the tutelage of Scott Haigh. While we spent<br />
significant time on these etudes, the majority<br />
of our lessons were spent on solo repertoire<br />
<strong>and</strong> complete orchestra works of the great<br />
composers.<br />
I think the use of etudes is subject to a<br />
case-by-case basis. There’s a great deal of<br />
information <strong>and</strong> value you can get from these<br />
books, especially when using the Bille along<br />
with studying orchestral excerpts. Etudes<br />
improve virtuosity in the lower register of<br />
our instrument. Playing with a beautiful<br />
sound <strong>and</strong> legato in an unfriendly key in a<br />
low register is extremely challenging! I think<br />
that it’s like taking your vitamins. While it<br />
might not be absolutely necessary, it can help<br />
build a foundation. Learning all 12 keys <strong>and</strong><br />
all the different registers of the instrument is<br />
very important. One thing that I’m brutally<br />
dem<strong>and</strong>ing about is ensuring that every<br />
etude a student works on needs to be played<br />
extremely soloistically, with as much<br />
character, humor, love, <strong>and</strong> passion as they<br />
14 SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST
dare to give. Anyone who is coming in <strong>and</strong> playing etudes with their<br />
brain <strong>and</strong> soul turned off should stop doing the etudes <strong>and</strong> look for<br />
inspiration elsewhere. When it comes to Bille, many of the pieces are<br />
actually nice bits of music. They’re all extremely tonal, <strong>and</strong> although<br />
they may not be very risky or adventurous musically, they merit care<br />
<strong>and</strong> attention. It can be a good exercise for your musicianship to take<br />
a piece of music that may not be as high quality as the Schubert<br />
Arpeggione sonata <strong>and</strong> say something with it anyway. I think that<br />
there is a lot to be gained from etudes, but it takes a lot of discipline<br />
to ensure they are good for you rather than detrimental.<br />
MOTIVATION<br />
I think the most important thing a teacher can do to motivate is to<br />
show a student the greatness of what he or she is working on. I don’t<br />
think you can scare anyone into being disciplined, or threaten them<br />
with failure as a consequence. These tactics don’t usually work. If I<br />
have a student who doesn’t seem to be working to full potential, I’ll<br />
try to show him or her the right way without forcing it or scaring him.<br />
I think it’s really important not to force the issue, so the student can<br />
avoid feeling inadequate or obligated in some way. Students end up<br />
doing a lot of bad work practicing out of fear rather than their own<br />
passion for music.<br />
One thing I find is really fun to do in lessons is to play together. If<br />
you’re playing orchestral music, it makes a lot of sense to play the<br />
excerpts together, which can be really fun. Doing some duets is also<br />
fun, like the Bottesini or Anderson duets. My piano chops are still<br />
strong enough to play some concerto or sonata accompaniments as<br />
well. Exposing the student to as much great music is a great motivator.<br />
However, in the end, It’s really up to the student to have an organic<br />
desire to realize their potential.<br />
I will often play the other parts of the orchestra on the piano while<br />
my student plays an excerpt. It’s important to take us out of playing<br />
excerpts in the lesson, <strong>and</strong> put my student “on stage” with a really great<br />
maestro <strong>and</strong> Orchestra to make him or her connect with the music,<br />
<strong>and</strong> to grasp the big picture. I so often wish I could take my students<br />
<strong>and</strong> put them where I sit on stage when the CSO plays Beethoven 5,<br />
to experience the energy <strong>and</strong> the impact you feel in those moments. A<br />
lot of my work on excerpts is about simulating those experiences. The<br />
goal is to then have my students to be able to simulate those experiences<br />
for their audiences <strong>and</strong> audition committees too!<br />
FINAL THOUGHTS<br />
When it comes to listening to live music - for every hour of practicing<br />
our instrument, I think we should have an hour of listening. It’s so<br />
important <strong>and</strong> we learn so much! Hearing Hal Robinson <strong>and</strong> the many<br />
other stars of the Philadelphia Orchestra every weekend for four years<br />
in school - I feel like that’s how I became who I am. It inspired me to<br />
work <strong>and</strong> take the risks that led me to be Principal Bass of the Chicago<br />
Symphony Orchestra.<br />
Great music has never been as accessible as it is right now – go get it!<br />
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2eTlaE5y9hk<br />
NOW<br />
AVAILABLE<br />
SOLO<br />
TUNING<br />
Strings H<strong>and</strong>made in Germany<br />
Photo Credit © Pöllmann<br />
SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST 15
FRIRSZ TAILPIECE<br />
At first glance, the Frirsz bass tailpiece gives the immediate<br />
impression of elegant beauty. These tailpieces are made<br />
from layers of rosewood or exotic hardwoods, shaped with<br />
a completely smooth arch. The consistency of construction<br />
between our two example tailpieces was immediately<br />
striking. The tones from tapping the tailpieces were<br />
identical, the weight <strong>and</strong> shape were perfectly matched -<br />
a lot of thought <strong>and</strong> planning has gone into the creation<br />
of this product.<br />
For would-be buyers, it is important to note that the tailpiece<br />
does not come with wire, <strong>and</strong> we recommend that you have<br />
a luthier install the tailpiece for you. There are a lot of<br />
variables at work on a bass, <strong>and</strong> this is not a DIY situation.<br />
In the instance of our test bass, a May 2013 shop bass<br />
from Shank Strings in Elizabethtown PA, we aimed for<br />
tuning the after length of the G string to a C two octaves<br />
<strong>and</strong> a fourth above the open string. The manufacturer<br />
recommends placing the tailpiece as low as possible,<br />
but for an initial evaluation it was important to change<br />
as few variables as possible.<br />
The tailpiece was installed, blending beautifully with the<br />
instrument’s varnish. Immediately, the bass was projecting<br />
from the lower register in a way that was far beyond<br />
the age <strong>and</strong> maturity of the instrument. The first octave<br />
of the G string produced a clear fundamental <strong>and</strong> even<br />
hints of a sub octave, depth that is often found on much<br />
more expensive instruments. The tailpiece modified an<br />
unusable wolf tone on the A string octave harmonic into<br />
a manageable small wolf on the Bb on the D string. The<br />
pizzicato tone was thicker, with more thump than the bass<br />
was previously giving, <strong>and</strong> with a nice flexibility even<br />
on Bel Canto strings. Results were comparable between<br />
the rosewood <strong>and</strong> brindle tailpiece options.<br />
The most important aspect of a big change like this is<br />
evaluating how the bass settles in the days <strong>and</strong> weeks<br />
following. The Shank bass has maintained its newfound<br />
depth <strong>and</strong> clarity in the low <strong>and</strong> high registers. Further, the<br />
tailpiece (without making any additional changes) seems<br />
to have made the left h<strong>and</strong> feel of the bass more supple<br />
<strong>and</strong> the strings feel easier to depress. These effects are in<br />
a way similar to the Martin wire tailpiece, but without the<br />
drawback of added brightness <strong>and</strong> wolf tone resonances.<br />
Although trying a wide variety of strings, bows, levels of<br />
humidity, <strong>and</strong> hosts of other basses is of course the ultimate<br />
test of any equipment, we were sufficiently impressed with<br />
the increase in quality from our test bass to recommend this<br />
product. Overall, we say take a look. Frirsz also offers a<br />
money-back guarantee on its tailpieces, which are available<br />
at frirszmusic.com for $ 299.00<br />
16 SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST
Leigh Mesh<br />
A View from the Pit<br />
As a 20-year veteran of the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra, head of the bass department for the Verbier<br />
Festival, <strong>and</strong> bass faculty at Bard Conservatory, Leigh Mesh offers perspectives on maintaining a high<br />
level of commitment, inspiring himself <strong>and</strong> others, <strong>and</strong> living a fulfilled musical life.<br />
I wouldn’t be where I am today without the<br />
help I received from a lot of incredible players<br />
<strong>and</strong> supporters in my life. I’ve always believed<br />
that you have to give what you can because<br />
you’ll get it back. I’m a pretty optimistic<br />
guy, I think. Musicians can easily drift into<br />
cynicism, <strong>and</strong> I’m not immune to that either,<br />
but you have to try to maintain a positive<br />
mental state. It’s especially important to maintain<br />
some balance in your life. I personally am<br />
fortunate to have the rich life I do!<br />
When I graduated from Curtis, I had some<br />
talent, a good ear, <strong>and</strong> so many problems in<br />
my playing. My path to getting the success<br />
I have today was a very long path. I had to<br />
work incrementally to find out how to get my<br />
playing a little more clear, a little more solid,<br />
a little more in tune, pull a better sound, be<br />
more consistent. It took me a long time <strong>and</strong><br />
that’s why I think the way I do. I feel human<br />
<strong>and</strong> humble because I have spent so much<br />
time breaking apart my technique to improve.<br />
I’m grateful for the experiences I have had in<br />
working toward these goals. I’m also grateful<br />
to work in the place that I do - the pit is very<br />
close quarters <strong>and</strong> you’ve got to get along.<br />
It’s helped me as a musician <strong>and</strong> a person to<br />
develop communication skills that allow me<br />
to maintain my enthusiasm with a dem<strong>and</strong>ing<br />
schedule.<br />
<strong>Teaching</strong><br />
SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST 17
These days I have a studio of 5 college-aged students at the<br />
Bard College Conservatory. I don’t typically teach high school or<br />
beginning students - I don’t believe that it’s my forte. Every once in a<br />
while, people come to me to play through repertoire <strong>and</strong> get coached<br />
before auditions <strong>and</strong> other big events, <strong>and</strong> I’m happy to do that. Bard<br />
Conservatory is a small <strong>and</strong> intimate setting, the school being the size<br />
of one orchestra with some other musicians in <strong>and</strong> around that.<br />
As the only bass teacher at Bard, I want to talk about what I’m looking<br />
for in students. As far as a high level of technical development, it goes<br />
without saying that teachers want to see somebody with a solid<br />
foundation, but it’s perhaps not the most important thing in these<br />
auditions. Somebody who has a good ear <strong>and</strong> somebody who seems<br />
engaged when you make a suggestion or connect with them is ultimately<br />
somebody who st<strong>and</strong>s out. School auditions (though more<br />
expansive <strong>and</strong> personal than professional auditions) are a very brief<br />
affair, <strong>and</strong> I like to find out as much as possible about a prospective<br />
student’s goals. I would say that desire <strong>and</strong> commitment rank the<br />
highest in my assessment.<br />
One of my goals as a teacher is to pass along my intensity <strong>and</strong> love<br />
for music to my students. Fortunately, I don’t have think about it<br />
consciously, I’m just being myself <strong>and</strong> allowing my innate enthusiasm<br />
to come through. You have to allow that to happen whether it’s in<br />
an orchestral setting or teaching. <strong>Teaching</strong> excerpts can be far<br />
more exciting when you’ve performed the piece yourself. Take the<br />
Goldenberg <strong>and</strong> Schmuyle excerpt from Pictures at an Exhibition -<br />
this is so much more vivid <strong>and</strong> exciting for me because I have played it<br />
with Valery Gergiev at Carnegie Hall, one of those moments where we<br />
blew the roof off the place! That performance changed my perception<br />
of the piece, <strong>and</strong> now I have that power to draw on in the studio.<br />
I also bring a lot of enthusiasm when teaching Wagner’s Ring Cycle,<br />
which is like a bass concerto. It’s uniquely dem<strong>and</strong>ing, because you<br />
need to play expressively for 20 hours! I just try to talk about the music<br />
I feel really passionate about in an honest way.<br />
You can discuss all the technical issues<br />
in trying to achieve a goal but everyone<br />
wants to play things that are enjoyable<br />
<strong>and</strong> challenging. It’s vital to express what’s so great about playing this<br />
instrument <strong>and</strong> the vast range of great music out there. Playing great<br />
music all by itself is inspiring. Even if your part is a few quarter notes<br />
leading to a simple downbeat, doing that beautifully <strong>and</strong> perfectly in<br />
unison with your colleagues can still be immensely satisfying. Play as<br />
well as you can! It may not be as challenging as playing Salome, but it<br />
can still make the night worthwhile.<br />
There’s an illusion floating around among bassists about legendary<br />
players who loom far above others. There aren’t a lot of people out<br />
there who have it “all” together - mastery of the instrument <strong>and</strong><br />
musical expression on top of that. I will never feel like I have it all<br />
together, because that’s part of being a musician. No matter what<br />
the level of a student, if I can get them to sound better in a tangible<br />
way, that’s the magical moment in teaching for me. Students are so<br />
fortunate to have those “light bulb” moments, where one recommendation<br />
can make the quality of their tone might improve, or a phrasing<br />
speaks to them <strong>and</strong> suddenly everything is easier for them. That makes<br />
me very happy as a teacher!<br />
Specific Approaches<br />
It seems as though my approach is becoming more recognized,<br />
<strong>and</strong> sometimes my reputation precedes me when I work with a new<br />
student. I don’t subscribe to etude books. I like simplicity, <strong>and</strong> I am<br />
always seeking simplicity. When you’re a bass player on a career path<br />
like auditioning for orchestras, there is a lot of information <strong>and</strong> grey<br />
areas between being good <strong>and</strong> great. How do you get that extra 10%<br />
to get you in the job? I have found that there are hundreds of etude<br />
books out there that can pass along bits of information <strong>and</strong> skills, but<br />
it was too much information for me. Even after I had won a job with<br />
the Indianapolis Symphony, I found myself in need of a more unified<br />
approach to my playing. Tim Pitts was a great supporter when I was<br />
in Indianapolis, <strong>and</strong> he said a few choice things to me at the right<br />
moment to take me to the next level. His thoughts on creating a solid<br />
left h<strong>and</strong> position <strong>and</strong> ensuring that the intervals between your fingers<br />
are correct completely changed my thinking. He told me that Janos<br />
Starker had exercises in double stops to train your h<strong>and</strong>s, <strong>and</strong> I<br />
adapted that for myself - I won’t take the credit, but it’s been huge.<br />
Many times when someone comes to play for me, they have goals<br />
of tackling a really challenging concerto or Bach suite, which makes<br />
it difficult to focus on the most simple things. Breaking down basic<br />
technique with a little exercise that you memorize, little patterns that<br />
strengthen the building blocks of your playing - these are real ways<br />
you can change your muscle memory. It’s incredibly difficult to teach<br />
someone technique when they’re attacking the Arpeggione sonata!<br />
There are two sides to that coin, of course. I had a high school student<br />
recently who I really wanted to set up correctly. I found that if you<br />
give these exercises to a new student, it’s not really fun <strong>and</strong> can turn<br />
them off. I find that older players that have gone through university or<br />
conservatory programs have the maturity to underst<strong>and</strong> the value of<br />
going back through this really simple repertoire to fix or advance their<br />
playing. It’s always funny to mention one of these elementary things to<br />
an already advanced player <strong>and</strong> the lightbulb illuminates above his or<br />
her head - for them, it’s clearly the greatest thing ever!<br />
Everybody’s different, <strong>and</strong> everyone has so much to offer in unique<br />
ways. Time <strong>and</strong> time again in working in the various high-level<br />
environments I’ve been lucky to teach through, I come across fantastic<br />
players that in my opinion are missing one or two very small yet<br />
crucial things. Body position, mechanics of movement, tension in one<br />
or another place - when these players find a way to overcome these<br />
minute physical restrictions on their playing, there’s almost nothing<br />
18 SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST
Tutor <strong>and</strong> Collection<br />
for Double Bass<br />
The Sassmannshaus Tradition ·<br />
Early Start on the Double Bass<br />
Bass method<br />
for children 6 years <strong>and</strong> older<br />
Eds. J. P. Close, H. Sassmannshaus<br />
Book 1 BA 9661<br />
Book 2 BA 9662<br />
Book 3 BA 9663<br />
Includes many bass duets <strong>and</strong> new<br />
original compositions by B. Furtok;<br />
vol. 3 with a 16-page insert with<br />
piano accompaniments.<br />
More: www.sassmannshaus.com<br />
Concert Pieces<br />
for Double Bass <strong>and</strong> Piano<br />
Bärenreiter’s Double Bass Collection<br />
Eds. J. P. Close, H. Sassmannshaus<br />
BA 9696 Bass part <strong>and</strong> enclosed<br />
piano accompaniment<br />
The edition contains 19 easy to moderately<br />
difficult yet effective pieces from<br />
the Baroque, Classical <strong>and</strong> Romantic<br />
periods. In addition there are newly<br />
composed works by the Polish bass<br />
player Boguslaw Furtok (*1967).<br />
Bärenreiter<br />
www.baerenreiter.com<br />
that can stop them.<br />
Maintaining Your Drive<br />
Time management is an issue for all players at every level, no matter<br />
what circumstances we are in. Nobody in the world has all day to sit<br />
in a practice room, <strong>and</strong> perform, <strong>and</strong> maintain a fulfilling social <strong>and</strong><br />
family life. Realizing that you’re capable of rising to the challenge is<br />
a major step towards actually doing so. I work in a very dem<strong>and</strong>ing<br />
orchestra, <strong>and</strong> our schedule can be very grueling. I might get<br />
home at 1am after playing Die Walkure feeling destroyed, <strong>and</strong> be<br />
awoken by my child crying only to find a 5 as the first digit on the<br />
clock - sometimes you wanna die, but you do it anyway. Ironically,<br />
some of my colleagues in the Met are among the busiest musicians<br />
outside the pit too! When you’re your own master <strong>and</strong> you don’t<br />
have responsibilities outside yourself, you can take some of those<br />
free days to sleep in or relax. When it comes down to it, you realize<br />
you can do all that stuff, <strong>and</strong> you’ll survive. Nothing’s going to solve<br />
your problems for you, so you get up <strong>and</strong> power through!<br />
Thoughts on Technique<br />
It seems to me that all string players share a lot of characteristics in<br />
great playing. A great bow arm uses the same mechanics on a violin,<br />
viola, cello, or bass. Every string player learns to draw a gigantic<br />
sound with everything at his or her disposal, produce a whisper<br />
soft piano, employ incredible articulation <strong>and</strong> clarity, use a variety<br />
of strokes - there are so many similarities. We bass players tend to<br />
set ourselves apart from the upper strings, but we’re as different<br />
one person to another as we are from cellists. Tim Pitts has a very<br />
straight arm, whereas my arm is basically the opposite. I know that<br />
all of my joints are in motion, whereas his do not seem to be as<br />
engaged, <strong>and</strong> yet both of us achieve the kinds of sounds we’re after.<br />
I’m very aware of the great string players in the Met. When you hear<br />
a great string player just producing sound, you’re drawn towards<br />
that. I think of it in terms of contact. There’s no sense of somebody’s<br />
bow skating over the string - it’s a sense of engaging the string on<br />
a deep level. I had to find that sound <strong>and</strong> really internalize it when<br />
I was on the audition trail. You have to consistently reproduce the<br />
most difficult repertoire for your instrument in this competition<br />
atmosphere, regardless of the circumstances. It needs to happen<br />
all the time with total consistency. It’s one thing to play a solo in<br />
a practice room or even a recital hall, but to reproduce that in a<br />
4000 seat hall, you need to really have it in your soul.<br />
Passion <strong>and</strong> Intensity<br />
It was a huge honor to get to run the International Society of<br />
<strong>Bassist</strong>s Orchestral Competition in Rochester for the 2013 convention.<br />
There are so many amazing aspects of the ISB. The orchestral<br />
competition is the perfect example: Anyone can participate, there’s<br />
a minimal amount of pre-screening, <strong>and</strong> you’re provided with a<br />
professional audition experience on par with anywhere else in the<br />
world. The level of the judges is world class, <strong>and</strong> the contestants<br />
have unique opportunities you just can’t get elsewhere. A week with<br />
a major orchestra is an experience that so many young bass players<br />
would kill for, <strong>and</strong> there are opportunities for cash prizes on top of<br />
that - it’s unbelievable!<br />
I felt really privileged to be involved in that capacity.<br />
I think that whenever you’re on the committee for an audition, it’s<br />
SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST 19
Bard College Conservatory of Music with the American Symphony Orchestra announces the<br />
american symphony orchestra<br />
Double Bass Scholarship<br />
A full merit scholarship covering tuition, room <strong>and</strong> board at the Bard Conservatory.<br />
Conservatory Double Bass Faculty<br />
Leigh Mesh<br />
Marji Danilow<br />
845-758-7604 bard.edu/conservatory conservatoryadmission@bard.edu<br />
your responsibility to give people as much feedback as you possibly can. You should be taking detailed notes. Any time I’m involved, I make sure<br />
I’m reachable after the audition. The worst feeling imaginable is to go audition somewhere, not get the job, <strong>and</strong> walk away not knowing why you<br />
weren’t chosen. I’ve had that feeling before! It doesn’t mean to take every comment literally - you need to filter them just like every other comment<br />
or lesson you’ve received. However, if you find something of value to your playing, you’ll have it forever.<br />
You’ve got to be supportive. This is such a small community, <strong>and</strong> you’re always going to run into people again, whether they were students or<br />
colleagues. It just makes sense to be good to one another, because good things are going to come back to you, <strong>and</strong> it works the other way too!<br />
Final comments<br />
You’re going to come across so many people in life.<br />
When those relationships go well, life is smooth. The conflict<br />
is what’s tough. Especially in music, we all strive to be working<br />
at the highest level where everyone is happy, but that’s<br />
not always the reality. Whether it is or not, be respectful,<br />
supportive, sensitive, <strong>and</strong> aware of what’s going on. Other<br />
people have a lot of stuff going on in their lives, <strong>and</strong> it’s better<br />
when you’re a great person to help them. Communication is<br />
easier said than done, especially in the orchestra, but if you<br />
can use it, it’s infinitely better. Sometimes those bad vibes<br />
you may be keeping in are completely unknown to the other<br />
person, <strong>and</strong> it makes no sense to damage yourself that way.<br />
Spending time in the pit has proven to me that it is a metaphor<br />
for the orchestral world, <strong>and</strong> life in general. The pit is<br />
very close quarters <strong>and</strong> you’ve got to get along. Life is short,<br />
<strong>and</strong> you have to take advantage of it, because it goes fast.<br />
Whatever you choose to pursue, whether it’s music or not,<br />
you have to enjoy it. ■<br />
OBERLIN<br />
CONSERVATORY<br />
OF MUSIC<br />
THE MILT HINTON<br />
INSTITUTE FOR STUDIO BASS<br />
JUNE 8-14, 2014<br />
Performances, master classes, films, bass ensembles, <strong>and</strong><br />
studio sessions for students age 13 through college. Styles<br />
covered: Classical, early, solo, jazz, slap, Latin, <strong>and</strong> electric.<br />
Featuring Oberlin faculty, Philip Alejo, John Clayton, Richard<br />
Davis, Diana Gannett, Rufus Reid, <strong>and</strong> Sue Yelanjian.<br />
Double basses available for rent.<br />
Scholarships available for pre-college students.<br />
APPLICATION DEADLINE: MAY 1, 2014<br />
LEARN MORE AT OBERLIN.EDU/CON/SUMMER<br />
20 SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST<br />
Ranaan Meyer Entertainment<br />
Hal Robinson The Quad Volume 1 Coming Soon<br />
Our current catalog includes:<br />
Harvie S 10 Duets<br />
Tchaikovsky/arr. Timothy Pitts Souvenir de Florence<br />
Ranaan Meyer Originals, including Just One Dance, <strong>and</strong> My Irish Mother
www.RobertsonViolins.com<br />
Tel 800-284-6546 | 3201 Carlisle Blvd. NE | Albuquerque, NM USA 87110<br />
SPRING 2014 NEXT LEVEL BASSIST 21