Smokey Joe's Cafe - Inside Broadway

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BROADWAY
ELVIS
PHONOGRAPH
RHYTHM
Music
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& More3 4 5
Across:
1. collection of 12 or more
recorded songs
4. Ruby Baby singer
6. used for tape recorders
8. original Hound Dog singer
9. 35th President of the United States
10. first multiple record player
11. composer
12. Jailhouse Rock singer
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Searchin
Down:
2. lyricist
3. made first appearance
on Ed Sullivan in 1964
5. invented the phonograph
7. country and rock hybrid
Help the musical note find it’s home
Where the
Music Lives
OF ROL ROC ND
ALL
K A
Unscramble
the tiles
to reveal a
message.
Where Leiber and Stoller Ended Up…
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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ME
FA
Michael Presser, Executive Director
Presents…
Michael Presser, Executive Director
Board of Directors
Irwin Fingerit, Chairman
Michael Presser, President
Howard Zipser, Vice President
Elliot Altman. Treasurer
William Tung, Secretary
Richard Basini
David I. Cohen
Joseph V. Cozza
John Diaz
Anthony W. Guido
Eric Gural
Mark Irgang
Mary Landolfi
Alan Momeyer
George Stonbely
Honorary Members
Barbara J. Fife
Mrs. Bernard B. Jacobs
James L. Nederlander
Vicki Singer
Advisory Board
Carol Channing –
Honorary Chair
Roger Bart
Mary Ellin Barrett
Laura Benanti
Stephen W. Bogardus
Danny Burstein
Theodore S. Chapin
Kristin Chenoweth
Barbara Cook
Alan Eisenberg
Tovah Feldshuh
Sutton Foster
Joel Grey
Jasmine Guy
Nathan Lane
Paul Libin
Pia Lindstrom
Rebecca Luker
Peter L. Malkin
Karen Mason
Donna Murphy
Bebe Neuwirth
Fred Papert
Faith Prince
Gerald Schoenfeld
Susan L. Schulman
Susan Stroman
Karen Ziemba
Study Buddy
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Administrative Staff
Michael Presser,
Executive Director
Nicholas M. Sala,
Company Manager
Katie McAllister,
Program Director
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Comptroller
Laura Jean Hawkins,
Government Relations
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Marketing & Events
Jaffe Management, Inc
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Publicity
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Sears, James Vacca and Thomas White, Jr.
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Broadway’s 2008-2009 school tour of Smokey Joe’s Café
© Inside Broadway 2009. All Rights Reserved.
Study Buddy written by Katie McAllister Design by Cybill Conklin

Leiber and Stoller
Biography
Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller met in Los Angeles,
California in 1950 and began writing music together
right away. Leiber served as lyricist while Stoller, a classically
trained but jazz and R&B loving composer wrote the music. In 1952
the pair was invited by Johnny Otis to write songs for Big Mama Thornton,
an R&B singer from Montgomery Alabama. Their first song for her? “Hound
Dog” which was an immediate hit and #1on the Billboard R&B charts for seven
consecutive weeks. Three years later this song would be re-recorded by Elvis
Presley and become an instant classic. Leiber and Stoller went on to write
additional songs for Elvis including “Jailhouse Rock” and “Treat Me Right”.
Together Leiber and Stoller wrote some of the most popular songs of all time,
including “Stand By Me”, “Love Potion #9”, “Charlie Brown”, “Poison Ivy”,
“Spanish Harlem” and “On Broadway”. They have received a star on the
Hollywood Walk of Fame and in 1987, were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall
of Fame. The song writing duo is still active in the music industry today, in fact
their music was recently used on American Idol.
On
Broadway
How did a composer from Long Island, and a lyricist from
Baltimore end up on Broadway? Well, in 1995 Smokey
Joe’s Café, a musical revue of the songs of Leiber and
Stoller began its run at the Virginia Theatre on Broadway.
The show was directed by Jerry Zaks with choreography
by Joey McKneely and featured 40 of Leiber and Stoller’s
greatest hits. The production played for 2,036 performances
and was nominated for 5 Tony Awards, including
best musical. Professional productions are still playing in
theatres around the world, most recently in China.
Baby That’s Rock and Roll
How did Rock and Roll get started? Where did it come from? Who is
responsible? The roots of Rock and Roll are in several musical forms including
Jazz , Gospel and R&B, but to really understand how it came to be, we
have to go back to 1951 and to what is regarded as the first rock’n’roll
single. “Rocket 88” was written by Ike Turner and sung by Jackie Brenston.
This song is widely regarded by many to be the first rock and roll song, but
others contend that 1954’s “Rock Around the Clock” by Bill Haley and the
Comets was the first. Still others think that the first was 1948’s “Rock and
Roll” by Detroit boxer Wild Bill Moore. Since there are so many different
opinions on this subject, which one do we believe?
Well, like any art form, Rock and Roll was constantly
evolving, so our perception of what made a song “rock”
changed with each new incarnation. All of these songs
share some of the characteristics of the genre like guitar
licks, drum snare accents and a “rockabilly” feel.
When Rock and Roll was at it’s golden age in the 1950’s, it was
welcomed by teenagers, but not so much by adults who didn’t understand
why their children wanted to listen to music that was “loud and obnoxious”
instead of the swing and big band music that they grew up with. Sound
familiar?
Cover Me
Since album art was first introduced
in 1939, it has evolved in both it’s
format and subject matter. Initially,
album covers were drawn illustrations
influenced by European poster art.
Alex Steinweiss is credited with
creating the art form and was
known for signing his creations. He argued
that the art on the cover of the album would make the
customer stop and look at the record and in all likelihood, buy it.
In the early 1950’s technological advancements in photography allowed
for illustrated covers to be replaced with “head shots” of the recording
artist or photographs of a landscape or landmark.
Today, cover art is a mixture of both illustration and photography and
often reflects the theme of the album or the artist’s personal taste.
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is dedicated to the preservation
of the history of some of the best known and most influential artists and
music producers who have made major contributions to the music industry.
The museum was founded in 1986 and is located in Cleveland, Ohio. The
museum inducts a handful of artists into the Hall of Fame each year. To be
eligible for induction, a group or individual must have released their first
record at least 25 years ago. There are four categories: Performers, Non-
Performers, Early Influences, and Sidemen. Each year, about five to seven
people (or groups) are inducted into the hall of fame, this is done through a
nomination process and then voted on by 1000 experts in the music industry.
Past inductees have included Elvis Presley, Chuck Berry, Little Richard,
James Brown, Bob Marley, The Rolling Stones, Aerosmith, U2, The Platters,
The Drifters, The Beatles, The Beach Boys, Elton John, Michael Jackson,
Madonna, Ray Charles, The Four Seasons and Buddy Holly.
Listen to the Music
Today when we want to listen to our favorite songs we pull out our ipod
and go. It wasn’t always so easy to listen to music, in fact just over a hundred
years ago you would have had to go to a concert to hear it.
People have been listening to music for hundreds, even thousands of
years. The only thing that has changed is how we listen to it.
The first widely used mechanism for playing music was the phonograph,
invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison. Unlike modern record players, the
phonograph was a wind-up turn table that emitted sound from a large
horn attached to the player. Next came the radio which started as a
means of communicating between ships and in the 1920’s became the
radio that we listen to today in our cars and homes. In the beginning,
radios played nightly programs that consisted of live concerts and radio
“theatre” shows.
The next big step came in 1927 with the creation of the first electrically
amplified multi-selection phonograph or as it is more commonly known
the “Jukebox”. The term “Jukebox” comes from the word “Jook” which
is an old African American slang term meaning to dance, it also comes
from Southern “Jute Joints” or dance halls of the 1920’s where Jukeboxes
would appear. This invention revolutionized dance halls as it could play a
multitude of songs at the fraction of the cost of a live band. In its heyday,
the Jukebox showcased artists enabling them to sell hundreds of records
at once for artists like Chuck Berry and Jerry Lee Lewis.
In 1964 Phillips introduced the compact cassette tape player which was
originally used for voice dictation due to its poor sound quality. The eight
track tape followed as an answer to a compact music system with better
sound. In the 1980’s the portable cassette player gained popularity with
the Sony Walkman and cassette tape sales skyrocketed. With the onset of
digital recording onto CD’s in early 90’s, Sony’s CD Walkman had overtaken
the cassette player as the portable music player of choice.
This brings us to the invention of the ipod by Apple. While CD players are
still popular, the ipod, and mp3 player brought the art of listening to
music into a whole other age. With its capacity to store over 2,000 songs
and play movies among other things, the ipod has revolutionized not only
how we listen to music, but how we purchase it. In recent years the
recording industry has seen a decline in traditional album sales as people
purchase their music from online sources.
With technology improving everyday, and ipods, mp3 players and even
phones changing, who knows how we will listen to music in the future.
For the
Record
Want to buy the latest hit record? Pretty
easy, right? Just go to itunes or Rhapsody
and download it onto your ipod or computer.
Well, before technology made it so easy for
us to get our music from the internet, people
bought records in stores. Not CDs or tapes or
even eight tracks. There were records, period.
There were two kinds of records – Albums,
which had 12 songs (6 on each side) and
45’s which had only 2 songs
(1 on each side). 45’s were
very popular in the 50’s and
60’s as they usually cost
about a dollar and could be
afforded by most teenagers.
A 45 typically had the “hit”
song on one side and the
“flip” or “B” side contained a
lesser known number by the
same artist.
1935-1977 Elvis Aron Presley was born in Tupelo,
Mississippi on January 8, 1935. Elvis grew up surrounded
by gospel, blues and jazz and incorporated
those musical styles into his own brand of rock
and roll. In 1957, he recorded the Leiber and
Stoller song “Houng Dog” which was an immediate
success for both the singer and the songwriters.
Elvis continued his collaboration with
them on the song “Jailhouse Rock” and covered
over a dozen of their songs throughout
his recording career. Elvis served in the military
during the Korean War thus inspiring
the title character in the musical “Bye Bye
Birdie”. He made 33 films, recorded 131
albums and received the Lifetime
Achievement Grammy at the age of 36.
Elvis’ influence on American pop culture
and music is still felt today.
Notable Notables
The fifties and sixties were a time of change, not only in music, but in the
world. Below are some of the people who made great contributions to our
society.
Rosa Parks (1913-2005) is most famous for
her refusal to give up her seat for a white man
on a bus, which sparked the Montgomery,
Alabama bus boycott. Ms. Parks continued
to be a force in the fight for Civil Rights
throughout her life, eventually establishing
the Rosa and Raymond Parks Institute for
Self Development. Miss Parks was voted
by Time Magazine as one of the 100 Most
Influential People of the 20th Century
and received both the Congressional Gold
Medal of Honor and the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
Rosa Parks died on October 24, 2005, she was 92 years old.
Martin Luther King (1929- 1968) is one of the most beloved and influential
figures in American history. A noted civil rights activist who participated in
the Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott, he also fought against segregation
in schools and was know for his “non-violent” approach to protest marches.
At the age of 35, he was the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.
MLK was known for his persuasive and elegant speeches, his most famous is
his “I Have a Dream” speech which was delivered on the steps of the
Lincoln Memorial. Dr. King was assassinated on the balcony of his hotel
room on April 4, 1968.
John F Kennedy (1917- 1963) - the 35th President of the United States of
America, JFK was the youngest man ever elected to the office of President.
He was an advocate of the Arts and often attended Broadway productions
with Camelot, being his favorite show. President Kennedy also believed in
the youth of America and was an avid supporter of groups like the Peace
Corp and the Alliance for Progress. He is remembered for his inaugural
speech and for the phrase “Ask not what your country can do for you, ask
what you can do for your country”. President Kennedy was assassinated on
November 22, 1963 in Dallas Texas.
The Music
Makers
While Leiber and Stoller wrote
the music, there were many
different individuals and groups
who recorded their songs.
Big Momma Thornton
(1926-1984) was born
Willie Mae Thornton in
Montgomery, Alabama.
She was known for her
“booming” voice and was
a fixture on the rhythm
and blues circuit. In 1953,
Leiber and Stoller wrote
the song “Hound Dog” for
her which reached number
1 on the R&B charts.
The Clovers were
considered to be the first
rhythm and blues groups
to cross over into rock
and roll. They combined
gospel and blues for a
unique sound. The group
was signed by Atlantic
Records in 1951 and soon
after recorded their hit
“Love Potion #9”.
The Drifters recorded the
Leiber and Stoller song
“There Goes My Baby” in
1959. The song was co-written
by then lead singer Ben E.
King, who went onto record
Leiber and Stoller’s “Stand
By Me” and “Spanish
Harlem” as a solo artist. The
Drifters were inducted into
the Rock and Roll Hall of
Fame in 1988.
The Coasters (1956 to 1961) The
Coasters released a string of hits
written by Leiber and Stoller, including
“Searchin’” “Young Blood”, “Charlie
Brown”, “Yakety Yak” and their
most famous recording, “Poison Ivy”.
Originally named the “Robins” the
group changed their name when they
signed with Leiber and Stoller’s label,
“Spark Records”. The Coasters were
inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall
of Fame in 1987.
Dion Whose real name was Dion
DiMucci, grew up in Bronx NY and
formed the singing group “Dion and
the Belmonts” which was so named
for Belmont Avenue. Dion was a
teen idol from 1958 to 1963 recording
such hits as “I Wonder Why”,
“Teenager in Love”, “Runaround Sue”
and the Leiber and Stoller hit “Ruby
Baby”. Dion and the Belmonts were
inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall
of Fame in 1989.