Understanding the Electric Vehicle Landscape to 2020 - IEA
Understanding the Electric Vehicle Landscape to 2020 - IEA
Understanding the Electric Vehicle Landscape to 2020 - IEA
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Global EV Outlook INTRODUCTION & SCOPE<br />
7<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
& SCOPE<br />
As countries seek <strong>to</strong> address future energy requirements in a rapidly growing and changing world, achieving sustainable<br />
transportation has emerged as a vital mission. <strong>Electric</strong> vehicles (EVs), in particular, represent one of <strong>the</strong> most promising<br />
pathways <strong>to</strong> increased energy security and reduced emissions of greenhouse gases and o<strong>the</strong>r pollutants.<br />
By helping <strong>to</strong> diversify <strong>the</strong> fuel mix, EVs reduce dependence on petroleum and tap in<strong>to</strong> a<br />
source of electricity that is often domestic and relatively inexpensive. Just as important,<br />
EVs have <strong>the</strong> potential <strong>to</strong> unlock innovation and create new advanced industries that<br />
spur job growth and enhance economic prosperity.<br />
In <strong>the</strong> long-term, EVs are important <strong>to</strong> countries seeking <strong>to</strong> decarbonise <strong>the</strong> transport<br />
sec<strong>to</strong>r. Figure 1 illustrates <strong>the</strong> key role of transport CO2 reductions in <strong>the</strong> International<br />
Energy Agency’s (<strong>IEA</strong>) “2DS” scenario (2°C Scenario), which describes a future energy<br />
system that would limit average global temperature increases <strong>to</strong> 2°C by 2050. In this<br />
scenario, <strong>the</strong> transport sec<strong>to</strong>r’s potential share of overall CO2 reductions would be 21%<br />
by 2050. In order <strong>to</strong> meet this share, three-fourths of all vehicle sales by 2050 would<br />
need <strong>to</strong> be plug-in electric of some type.<br />
Figure 1. Role of Transport in CO 2 Reduction (% = 2050 estimate)<br />
Source: <strong>IEA</strong>, ETP 2012. NOTE: Sec<strong>to</strong>r percentages represent cumulative contributions <strong>to</strong> emissions reductions relative <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
4DS (4°C Scenario, which is based on proposed policies).<br />
Giga<strong>to</strong>nnes CO2<br />
60<br />
50<br />
40<br />
30<br />
21<br />
10<br />
TRANSPORT<br />
6DS<br />
4DS<br />
2DS<br />
IN THIS REPORT<br />
// Presentation of primary<br />
data collected from EVI<br />
member governments on EV<br />
and related infrastructure<br />
deployment goals; policies,<br />
programmes, and incentives;<br />
deployment progress; and<br />
investment in research,<br />
development, and demonstration<br />
(RD&D); all of which informs an<br />
analysis of global market trends<br />
and progress in electric vehicle<br />
deployment and <strong>the</strong> implications<br />
for technology and policy.*<br />
// Identification of challenges<br />
<strong>to</strong> EV deployment as well as<br />
opportunities <strong>to</strong> address those<br />
challenges.<br />
// An outline of areas of<br />
opportunity for governments<br />
and industry <strong>to</strong> accelerate<br />
adoption of electric vehicles:<br />
Opportunity Matrix:<br />
Pathways <strong>to</strong> <strong>2020</strong>.<br />
0<br />
2009 <strong>2020</strong><br />
2030 2040 2050<br />
SECTORS<br />
Power Generation 42%<br />
Transport 21%<br />
Industry 18%<br />
Buildings 12%<br />
O<strong>the</strong>r Transformation 7%<br />
Additional Emissions 6DS (6°C Baseline Scenario)<br />
*See also, <strong>IEA</strong>’s “Tracking Clean Energy Progress,” April 2013.