Urban Green Areas – their functions under a changing lifestyle of ...
Urban Green Areas – their functions under a changing lifestyle of ... Urban Green Areas – their functions under a changing lifestyle of ...
OWENS (2000) mentions that influencing factors on leisure activities are gender, social class, age, and ethnic. Thus, these influencing factors can be classified in two groups: solid factors are technology advantages, such as modern equipment supporting work, ‘soft’ factors are more complicated, such as: personality, income, social stratification, position (in a family and a community), life style and trend, physical geography and policy: international holidays, etc. 69
4 Recent utilization of parks and gardens The recent utilisation of parks and gardens in the inner city of Hanoi will be described and analyzed in the following section on the basis of four investigated parks. These parks have been established for a long time, the classification by the regulations of the Greenery Planning For Public Utilities in Urban Areas (TCXDVN 2005) does not influence whether they are named as a park or a garden. Firstly the selection of the four parks will be justified and the techniques of the surveys used to collect primary data will be described. Afterwards, the results of these surveys – in connection with information from other studies – will be presented. 4.1 Field research The parks to be analyzed in greater detail have been chosen by several criteria. Table 4.1: Attributes of investigated parks. Elements of UGAs (parks & gardens) Investigated parks Thong Bach Nhat Thao Hoan Kiem (Bo Ho) Lenin Size (m 2 ) 482 450 119 690 149 734 17 183 Lakes, streams x x x Trees shrubs, flower beds, meadows, x x x x lawns Fences, hedges x x Gates x x Statues x x x x Concrete ground x x x x Paths x x x x Toilets x x x x Children‘s playgrounds x x Entertainment equipment x Public/private half half public public Formal/informal informal informal informal informal Located in (districts) HaBaTrung Ba Dinh Hoan Kiem Ba Dinh, Dong Da Specific type Botanic Landmark garden Temple house x x x (x = features and existing “equipment”) (own survey, 2010- 2011) 70
- Page 39 and 40: to predict the future demand of UGA
- Page 41 and 42: Figure 1.8: Sources of data Source:
- Page 43 and 44: Observations are systematically pla
- Page 45 and 46: (SUPPITAKSAKUL et al. 2006; VISSCHE
- Page 47 and 48: esearch fields in developed countri
- Page 49 and 50: 2 Urban green areas (UGAs) UGAS are
- Page 51 and 52: 2.1.1.7 Ancient Roman gardens Those
- Page 53 and 54: trees were not planted in rows whil
- Page 55 and 56: elements from earlier English, Fren
- Page 57 and 58: In the early modern period, the spr
- Page 59 and 60: esponsible administrative level, et
- Page 61 and 62: As showing in the Figure 2.1, some
- Page 63 and 64: and quantity of the available trees
- Page 65 and 66: surround. That is most intensive fo
- Page 67 and 68: First, rubbish accumulates in ill m
- Page 69 and 70: There are several approaches to con
- Page 71 and 72: Table 2.3: Publications about urban
- Page 73 and 74: BINH 2012). In 1986, Vietnamese gov
- Page 75 and 76: impact on the thinking and behaviou
- Page 77 and 78: The resulting homogeneous social st
- Page 79 and 80: for further understanding of lifest
- Page 81 and 82: y religion, e.g.: catholic lifestyl
- Page 83 and 84: some aspects of their lifestyle as
- Page 85 and 86: low-income and immigrant communitie
- Page 87 and 88: observe is activity of people. Ther
- Page 89: eality, each activity is done to sa
- Page 93 and 94: (% of the time) 70 60 50 40 30 20 1
- Page 95 and 96: area (m 2 ) The collected data by t
- Page 97 and 98: (% of the entire week) 4.1.5 Expert
- Page 99 and 100: share of park users every hour 16%
- Page 101 and 102: These findings can be understood by
- Page 103 and 104: Social statuses of the visitors mig
- Page 105 and 106: Others, 5.8% from work/ school/ uni
- Page 107 and 108: Share of means of transportation 10
- Page 109 and 110: Regarding the age of visitors it ca
- Page 111 and 112: less frequent park users are higher
- Page 113 and 114: People walking (13 % of observed ac
- Page 115 and 116: From the point of view of park user
- Page 117 and 118: Figure 4.25 shows the high priority
- Page 119 and 120: missing entertainment facilities. m
- Page 121 and 122: 4.5.2 Troubles / Disturbances It se
- Page 123 and 124: 5 Expected future demand of urban g
- Page 125 and 126: ights (e.g. regarding urban plannin
- Page 127 and 128: Picture 5.1 c: Skating (Own picture
- Page 129 and 130: But urban areas are meanwhile total
- Page 131 and 132: organize activities and sports whic
- Page 133 and 134: As the economy grows - Vietnam’s
- Page 135 and 136: countries, the result is that lifes
- Page 137 and 138: media”, like newspapers, take inf
- Page 139 and 140: environmental functions cause costs
OWENS (2000) mentions that influencing factors on leisure activities are gender, social<br />
class, age, and ethnic.<br />
Thus, these influencing factors can be classified in two groups:<br />
solid factors are technology advantages, such as modern equipment supporting<br />
work,<br />
‘s<strong>of</strong>t’ factors are more complicated, such as: personality, income, social<br />
stratification, position (in a family and a community), life style and trend, physical<br />
geography and policy: international holidays, etc.<br />
69
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