Urban Green Areas – their functions under a changing lifestyle of ...
Urban Green Areas – their functions under a changing lifestyle of ... Urban Green Areas – their functions under a changing lifestyle of ...
According to the law, UGAs are managed by three categories jointly. First, every single tree is assigned a spatial feature as a single tree (point form), street trees (line form), or groups of trees (area form). In urban areas, there are three groups of trees: street-trees, garden, and park-trees. The second category is described the area form. If trees are group of trees in living areas or in separated areas. The third category is concerned with the size of the UGA relative to the population it serves. In urban areas, there are three groups of trees: street-trees, garden, and park-trees. The Vietnamese urban structure is a hierarchy which includes from small to large respectively: neighbouring unit (cụm), ward (phường), living area (khu ở), district (quận), town (thị trấn, thị xã), and city (thành phố). Correlatively, a system of follow administrative levels is described by LAN (2009: 32-33). Legend: Border of administrative levels in Hanoi served by relative UGA classes neighbouring unit (cụm), ward (phường), living area (khu ở), district (quận), town (thị trấn, thị xã), city (thành phố). Figure 2.1: Hierarchy of parks in Vietnam bases on administrative levels and serving area. Source: edited from LAN (2009: 33). 39
As showing in the Figure 2.1, some single trees (Picture 2.7) and street-trees (green lines shown by the less green colour areas) improve local environment. In the higher level (the neighbourhood unit) most of UGAs are garden-trees. In the inner-city there are some street-trees which are not covered by the construction-law of Vietnam. Picture 2.7: Tree with name and registered number. Source: own picture (2012) Within a ward, there are also park-trees in addition to the street-trees, and garden-trees. Those UGAs’ have the functions of improving environmental quality and satisfying the recreational needs of the residents. The average area of each park is from one to six ha. In a district unit, there is a central park with multiple functions. This central park has elements of multi-functional parks, in terms of standard green area (5-7 m 2 / person), total area (40- 100 ha in district and small towns, 50-240 ha in larger district towns). Under such a structure, in large urban areas, city-parks play a multifunctional role of environmental improvement and recreation service for local people. The area of a city-park, which serves the city’s residents, is about 10-100 km 2 . Parks & gardens In this research, parks and gardens are mostly focused on. Very often parks and gardens are not distinguished by names. For example, Versailles sometimes is named as park, sometimes is named as garden. Parks are well defined by DUNNETT (2002: 51): “Park – the basic unit of urban recreational area, which is larger than 2 ha. Comprises the green space, together with a planned path structure and different organized leisure areas, is well equipped, able to receive large numbers of visitors and to accommodate public events. Park usually includes water features such as lakes, streams, fountains and diversified forms of greenery with different sized groups of trees shrubs, flower beds, meadows, laws, etc”. EVERT (2001: 463) gives an overview with clear definitions of parks & gardens. He indicates that in Europe, areas of open space are characterized by tree cover and extensive areas of lawn or meadow, which has been designated for preservation of natural features and/or for public or private recreational use. While in US, a natural or man-made area with trees and meadows is preserved and managed for its scenic and recreational benefit. A garden, in this view, is an area of land planted and cultivated with ornamental plants, fruits 40
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- Page 11 and 12: Abstrakt Hanoi ist eine expandieren
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- Page 49 and 50: 2 Urban green areas (UGAs) UGAS are
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According to the law, UGAs are managed by three categories jointly. First, every single<br />
tree is assigned a spatial feature as a single tree (point form), street trees (line form), or<br />
groups <strong>of</strong> trees (area form). In urban areas, there are three groups <strong>of</strong> trees: street-trees,<br />
garden, and park-trees.<br />
The second category is described the area form. If trees are group <strong>of</strong> trees in living areas or<br />
in separated areas.<br />
The third category is concerned with the size <strong>of</strong> the UGA relative to the population it<br />
serves.<br />
In urban areas, there are three groups <strong>of</strong> trees: street-trees, garden, and park-trees.<br />
The Vietnamese urban structure is a hierarchy which includes from small to large<br />
respectively: neighbouring unit (cụm), ward (phường), living area (khu ở), district (quận),<br />
town (thị trấn, thị xã), and city (thành phố). Correlatively, a system <strong>of</strong> follow administrative<br />
levels is described by LAN (2009: 32-33).<br />
Legend: Border <strong>of</strong> administrative levels in Hanoi served by relative UGA classes<br />
neighbouring unit (cụm), ward (phường),<br />
living area (khu ở),<br />
district (quận), town (thị trấn, thị xã),<br />
city (thành phố).<br />
Figure 2.1: Hierarchy <strong>of</strong> parks in Vietnam bases on administrative levels and serving area.<br />
Source: edited from LAN (2009: 33).<br />
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