Urban Green Areas – their functions under a changing lifestyle of ...

process starts with the Government calling for companies to finance pre-built (Built)
through bidding, followed by an operation phase that is directly exploited by the
company/ies (Operation), and finally transfers (Transfer) the finished project back to the
government owner/managers. The build-transfer form (BT) is similar to the BOT form, but
without the operation phase.
These implementation forms have led recently to drawbacks in respect to public spaces in
urban areas:
urban spaces may be incorporated to a greater or lesser extent in other urban projects
Public spaces are diversified in terms of size, location, shape and use .
Random/arbitrary hierarchy resulting in chaotic management with disputed lines of
authority
Unequal benefits among investors and responsors;
The process of implimentations are lack of unility which leading to a lot of damages of
the infrastructures. (LE 2011: 146).
1.3 Objectives and hypotheses
As mentioned already Hanoi is rapidly growing and changing and at the same time the
inhabitants adjust themselves to the changing conditions so as to “survive” in the new
environment.
“We can observe that many big cities in developing countries nowadays go through the
same development most cities in Europe went in and after the period of industrialisation in
Europe. (...) And it seems that they are doing the same mista es our cities made”
(EXPERT-M 2008).
The development of those European cities in that period was fundamental, but took many,
many decades. However today the development is so much faster: Due to globalization, the
cities in the developing world have to compete in a globalised economy while at the same
time facing new local social and environmental problems. In Hanoi, as in the rest of the
world, it usually turns out that narrowly defined economic factors are given priority.
There is still a lack of scientific studies of urban green areas in Vietnam. But, as the path of
urban development in developing countries seems to be similar to the historic one in
Europe, it should be possible to use the experience of Europe’s cities to view developments
in Vietnam. The aims of this thesis are therefore to identify mistakes in urban development
seen in developed countries so that Vietnam may minimise such errors in its development.
Thus the objectives of this thesis are,
to learn from the development and management of UGAs in Europe what problems
are likely to arise and what solutions are on offer
to evaluate the current situation of UGAs in Hanoi;
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