''Vladimir Nabokov's Comic Quest for Reality' - Nottingham eTheses

''Vladimir Nabokov's Comic Quest for Reality' - Nottingham eTheses ''Vladimir Nabokov's Comic Quest for Reality' - Nottingham eTheses

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- 336 - daughter, and in walks Rodion (IB, 69). Rodion and the lawyer take Cincinnatus to a terrace on the tower of the prison from where he can enjoy a view of the town, and there Rodion is all of a sudden transformed into the prison director, and, mysteriously, it is the director's frock coat that is soiled with chalk whereas a second ago it was the lawyer's (IB, 36ff. ). They all seem like dream visions that can evaporate at will and materialize again, either in their own shapes or in somebody else's. One cannot rely on anyone to remain the same person for any length of time. One is never quite sure whom one is dealing with at any given moment. At various points in the novel, there is a sudden change, or rather blending of scenes, dreamlike, too, in which, moreover, people undergo even more dramatic transformations. Right at the beginning, when Cincinnatus is left alone in his cell, Rodion watches him through the peephole. All of a sudden, the peephole becomes a porthole, through which Rodion, "with a skipper's stern attention", no longer sees a prison cell but "the horizon, now rising, now falling", and Cincinnatus, on the heaving ship, becomes seasick (IB, 10). M'sieur Pierre's special trick with the chair starts a regular circus performance with an act on the tightrope (in which the spider is involved), with music, and applause from the audience, with the circus director appearing in person, and the clown performing the usual antics of the circus

- 337 - clown (IB, 104-105). And the occasion on which Cincinnatus is for the first time allowed to look through the peephole at the mysterious M'sieur Pierre imperceptibly changes into a scene in a laboratory, where the professor allows people, who are patiently queueing up, to look at something won- derful under the microscope (IB, 52). One thinks of Strindberg's introductory note to A Dreamplay, one of the plays that Esslin lists among the predecessors of the Theatre of the Absurd: the ... author has sought to reproduce the disconnected but apparently logical form öf a dream. Anything can happen; everything is possible and probable. Time and space do not exist. On a slight groundwork of reality, imagination spins and weaves new patterns, unfettered fancies, absurdities and improvisations. The characters are split, double and multiply; they evapor. ate, 20 crystallize, scatter and converge. These phenomena undoubtedly have their comic sides, and it is precisely their irreality and dreamlike quality that produces the comic effect. Being the stuff of dreams, they combine in such a way as to form the apparent nonsense of dreams, in which logic, at first sight, seems allowed no part at all, and where ample scope is given to the comic non-sequitur. According to Freud, very similar mechanisms are at work when dreams are born, as when jokes are composed. In Jokes, these are often mechanisms of condensation 21 , processes of "telescoping"22, by which separate, even disparate words or elements of words are linked, and relations between seemingly disconnected things and

- 336 -<br />

daughter, and in walks Rodion (IB, 69). Rodion and<br />

the lawyer take Cincinnatus to a terrace on the<br />

tower of the prison from where he can enjoy a<br />

view of the town, and there Rodion is all of a<br />

sudden trans<strong>for</strong>med into the prison director, and,<br />

mysteriously,<br />

it is the director's frock coat that<br />

is soiled with chalk whereas a second ago it was<br />

the lawyer's (IB, 36ff. ). They all seem like dream<br />

visions that can evaporate at will and materialize<br />

again, either in their own shapes or in somebody<br />

else's. One cannot rely on anyone to remain the same<br />

person <strong>for</strong> any length of time. One is never quite<br />

sure whom one is dealing with at any given moment.<br />

At various points in the novel, there is a sudden<br />

change, or rather blending of scenes, dreamlike, too,<br />

in which, moreover, people undergo even more dramatic<br />

trans<strong>for</strong>mations. Right at the beginning, when<br />

Cincinnatus is left alone in his cell, Rodion watches<br />

him through the peephole. All of a sudden, the peephole<br />

becomes a porthole, through which Rodion, "with<br />

a skipper's stern attention", no longer sees a<br />

prison cell but "the horizon, now rising, now falling",<br />

and Cincinnatus, on the heaving ship, becomes seasick<br />

(IB, 10). M'sieur Pierre's special trick with<br />

the chair starts a regular circus per<strong>for</strong>mance with<br />

an act on the tightrope (in which the spider is<br />

involved), with music, and applause from the audience,<br />

with the circus director appearing in person, and<br />

the clown per<strong>for</strong>ming the usual antics of the circus

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