Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya (National ... - IGRMS

Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya (National ... - IGRMS Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya (National ... - IGRMS

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Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya 281 included: (a) creating roads and pathways to approach the different pockets of the vast area of the campus spilled with rocky terrains and hillocks (b) providing water supply and electricity to different corners, (c) landscaping the different areas according to the conceptual need, (c) developing internal security system, (d) constructing office buildings, guest house and dormitories for visiting scholars and professionals, and, of course, (e) developing various open-air and indoor exhibitions, as per the conceptual plans. It was a challenging task. Over a the span of about 25 years since the institution was established in Bhopal, commendable work have been done in the area of infrastructure development, though much need to be done in coming decades. The campus was landscaped to represent prototypes of different ecological regions of the Indian sub-continent viz. deserts, coasts, hills, the rivers and the culture of communities adapting these ecological regions. The depleted soil cover was partially restored, and plants from different ecological zones were planted. Internal road and electric networks were developed, and water source was also tapped to a limited extent. Facilities for different working units, exhibitions, and performing art theatres were also created. Over 20,000 cultural artifacts, and nearly one lakh books and journals in different languages were collected. On the basis of documentation of activities, both in the Bhopal and other parts of the country, as well as collections from other sources, about 3000 hrs of audio-video records of different facets of Indian cultures are there in the audio-video achieve. A Southern Regional Centre was established by accepting the offer of a heritage building in Mysore (Karnataka) in the year 2000. IGRMS Exhibitions Development of suitable exhibition spaces to display the artifact collections are the primary goal of any museum, and the IGRMS was no exception. But, unlike other National Museums, which were set up to house certain collections in possession, this Museum began not with any artifact in possession, but with certain ideas only. Therefore, the task of the museum curators were onerous; do a collection and create appropriate environment for its display, besides the normal job of classification and documentation. It was decided that the IGRMS would be developed predominantly as an open-air museum, and the indoor museum would function as extension units to various outdoor exhibitions. The theoretical concepts of the Museum initialized at various levels, needed to be translated into a realizable plan for setting up the exhibitions. Certain broad themes were formulated at conceptual level. After prolonged discussions and deliberations at various levels, it was decided to present the cohesive life cycles of various Indian communities living in different eco-climatic zones of the country. These include those of tribal hamlets, the coastal Indian region of the lengthy sea coasts, Himalayan region, river valleys, desert and arid zones etc.

282 Multiple Heritage: Role of Specialised Museums in India Tribal Habitat was the first open air exhibition complex designed to be developed on the south-eastern hill top of the campus. Unique dwelling types of architectural marvels from different tribal communities were selected to represent from the Gangetic plains of Uttaranchal, lush green forest areas of North-east India, the arid region of western India, plateau region of central India, hilly tracts of eastern India, the Nilgiri (blue-mountain) tracts of south western India etc. The initial set of about ten habitats were re-erected, and the Exhibition was opened for public in January, 1988. Presently, there are over thirty house-types, youth dormitories, shrines and other centres of cultural interactions clustered together in this section . These dwellings represent the Warli community of Maharashtra, Kutia Kondh, Saora and Gadaba communities of Orissa, Rathwa and Chodhri tribes of Gujarat, Boda Kachari, Mishing and Karbi tribes of Assam, Agaria and Bhil communities of Madhya Pradesh, Kars and Rajwars of Chhattisgarh, Santal tribe of Jharkhand, Jatapu tribe of Andhra Pradesh, Bhumij from West Bengal, Tangkul and Kabui Nagas from Manipur, Chakhesang Naga of Nagaland, Reang tribe of Tripura, Toda and Kota communities of Tamilnadu. The most striking feature of this Exhibition is that the exhibits are life-size dwellings built by the different tribal communities themselves, based on their traditional ground plans and architectural patterns. The materials which are traditionally used for construction in their respective regions, were specially transported to Bhopal for creating the replica. Select groups of tribal artisans were invited to Bhopal to reconstruct their dwellings and create a genuine ambiance within and outside their dwellings. To create the ambiance, the concerned tribal groups did their own home-work by surveying their regional hamlets to understand the intriguing patterns of structural designs, placement of house-hold objects in each locations within and outside the house, collect the sacred plants ritualistic objects to be planted outside the house-types. The community groups came to IGRMS representing different categories of performers i.e. brick makers, carpentry technicians and even priests to sanctify their house-types. They act as ambassadors of their community groups. Once the house is re-erected, they would explain to the Museum staff how to document the myths and legends of their community origin, the different ritual forms, the importance of space distribution, and their culinary traditions. They would teach the museum staff their traditional ways of structural conservation and other feed-backs for maintenance and upkeep. In a way they take over the role of curators of the exhibits, and the museum personnel were trained how to explain their customs and traditions to the visitors. From time to time they would visit the campus to oversee the arrangements in each of their house-types. The museum staff would also visit the hamlets of these tribal groups, document their festivities and craft traditions, to display these elements in the house-types. Today, ‘Tribal Habitat’ is one of the important exhibition premises, spread over in about forty acres of land, which attracts a large number of visitors to the

<strong>Indira</strong> <strong>Gandhi</strong> <strong>Rashtriya</strong> <strong>Manav</strong> <strong>Sangrahalaya</strong> 281<br />

included: (a) creating roads and pathways to approach the different pockets of<br />

the vast area of the campus spilled with rocky terrains and hillocks (b) providing<br />

water supply and electricity to different corners, (c) landscaping the different<br />

areas according to the conceptual need, (c) developing internal security system,<br />

(d) constructing office buildings, guest house and dormitories for visiting scholars<br />

and professionals, and, of course, (e) developing various open-air and indoor<br />

exhibitions, as per the conceptual plans. It was a challenging task.<br />

Over a the span of about 25 years since the institution was established in<br />

Bhopal, commendable work have been done in the area of infrastructure<br />

development, though much need to be done in coming decades. The campus was<br />

landscaped to represent prototypes of different ecological regions of the Indian<br />

sub-continent viz. deserts, coasts, hills, the rivers and the culture of communities<br />

adapting these ecological regions. The depleted soil cover was partially restored,<br />

and plants from different ecological zones were planted. Internal road and electric<br />

networks were developed, and water source was also tapped to a limited extent.<br />

Facilities for different working units, exhibitions, and performing art theatres<br />

were also created. Over 20,000 cultural artifacts, and nearly one lakh books and<br />

journals in different languages were collected. On the basis of documentation of<br />

activities, both in the Bhopal and other parts of the country, as well as collections<br />

from other sources, about 3000 hrs of audio-video records of different facets of<br />

Indian cultures are there in the audio-video achieve. A Southern Regional Centre<br />

was established by accepting the offer of a heritage building in Mysore (Karnataka)<br />

in the year 2000.<br />

<strong>IGRMS</strong> Exhibitions<br />

Development of suitable exhibition spaces to display the artifact collections are<br />

the primary goal of any museum, and the <strong>IGRMS</strong> was no exception. But, unlike<br />

other <strong>National</strong> Museums, which were set up to house certain collections in<br />

possession, this Museum began not with any artifact in possession, but with<br />

certain ideas only. Therefore, the task of the museum curators were onerous; do<br />

a collection and create appropriate environment for its display, besides the normal<br />

job of classification and documentation. It was decided that the <strong>IGRMS</strong> would<br />

be developed predominantly as an open-air museum, and the indoor museum<br />

would function as extension units to various outdoor exhibitions.<br />

The theoretical concepts of the Museum initialized at various levels, needed<br />

to be translated into a realizable plan for setting up the exhibitions. Certain<br />

broad themes were formulated at conceptual level. After prolonged discussions<br />

and deliberations at various levels, it was decided to present the cohesive life<br />

cycles of various Indian communities living in different eco-climatic zones of<br />

the country. These include those of tribal hamlets, the coastal Indian region of<br />

the lengthy sea coasts, Himalayan region, river valleys, desert and arid zones<br />

etc.

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