Tifft Nature Preserve Management Plan - Buffalo Museum of Science

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Figure 2 – Clemson Beaver Pond Leveler (an example of a WLCD) Removal of Dams and Lodges – Destruction of a beaver’s dam or lodge is a temporary inconvenience for the beaver, but rarely discourages the animal from rebuilding. Within days new dams can be constructed and no progress will be made on eliminating the original problem the beaver was causing. However, with vigilante monitoring (almost daily) a dam can be repeatedly destroyed before it becomes too large to easily break apart. As mentioned before, disturbing a beaver dam or lodge requires a permit form the NYS DEC. Beaver Removal – This method includes both relocating animals and lethal trapping or shooting. The NYS DEC will not authorize relocation of problem beaver except under extraordinary circumstances and then only after there has been careful consideration of all other options. There is an open season for trapping beavers, but problem beaver may be trapped during the closed season with a permit. Legal methods for trapping beaver include foot-hold and bold-gripping traps. Shooting nuisance beaver is also a legal option with a permit, but city regulations about firearms prevent this from being considered at the preserve. Strategy for Beaver Management at Tifft Nature Preserve Unlike white-tailed deer, the challenges created by beaver on the preserve are much less severe and there are more viable options to address these issues. The following steps can be taken leading to effective beaver management on the preserve. 1. Protecting Trees – To maintain the wildlife habitat created by willows, cottonwoods, and aspen as well as the natural character of the preserve, protection of trees by wrapping them with chicken wire should continue. This will require maintenance and repair of existing wire on trees and also wrapping more trees. Since beavers are active from the north to the south end, trees through out the preserve should be wrapped starting with areas of highest beaver activity. 2. Culvert Protection and Water Level Control Device Installation – The only area on the preserve where beavers are creating a problem by impounding water is by blocking the culvert under Old Tifft Street. A WLCD could be placed through the Tifft Nature Preserve Management Plan 37
culvert and protective fencing installed on the upstream side to further prevent blockage by beavers. 3. Dam Removal – Beavers also build dams in the channel downstream from the culvert. To prevent flooding of the woods and trails upstream of the dam and to continue the inflow of water to Lake Kirsty, beaver dams in the channel could be destroyed. 4. Research – Determining beaver population numbers on the preserve would be useful information for current management and in determining if population levels should be reduced through beaver removal. Population estimates may be possible from a non-invasive observation or more accurately with a markrecapture study. Accurate population estimates and documentation of beaver damage may be required to obtain permits for removing nuisance beaver. Nuisance beavers would mostly likely be removed by trapping and dispatching animals. Canada Geese Tifft Nature Preserve is known for its birds and that includes Canada Geese. A century ago, New York did not have a nesting goose population and geese seen in the state were only stopping to feed and rest during their migration. However, in the past decades the resident goose population has grown steadily due to better habitat (water impoundments, farm fields, city parks, and golf courses), milder winters, and few predators in urban environments (Conover and Chasko 1985). The current year-round population in the state is estimated at 200,000 geese (NYS DEC 2007b). Unfortunately, large numbers of Canada Geese can degrade the environmental quality and public enjoyment of places where the birds congregate and impacts are most severe in suburban and urban areas. Human-goose conflicts include: damage to turf by grazing and trampling, accumulation of fecal deposits which can be unsightly and unsanitary, water quality degradation, excessive noise from vocalizations, and attacks by aggressive and territorial geese (Conover and Chasko 1985, Smith et al 1999). The NYS DEC is attempting to cut the size of the state’s population in half by expanding hunting opportunities and designing hunts that specifically target urban geese populations (Bonfatti 2008). Tifft Nature Preserve has a large resident population of Canada Geese and experiences several of the common human-goose conflicts. Options for Controlling Nuisance Canada Geese Since problems from a large Canada Geese population are so common-place the NYS DEC produced an informational guide on options for dealing with nuisance geese (NYS DEC 2007b). As with white-tailed deer and beaver, the most successful control plans usually implement a variety of strategies simultaneously, require multi-year commitments, and work best at a regional rather than local scale. Below several options are discussed and their potential at Tifft Nature Preserve evaluated. Tifft Nature Preserve Management Plan 38
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Page 3 and 4: [blank] Tifft Nature Preserve Manag
Page 5 and 6: esearch on a diversity of scientifi
Page 9 and 10: Abiotic Environment Climate & Weath
Page 11 and 12: ecords of the burrowing or devil cr
Page 13 and 14: access and the soil disturbance fro
Page 15 and 16: potentially contaminated water (i.e
Page 17 and 18: Route 5 culvert that would allow wa
Page 19 and 20: on the north and east to Tifft Stre
Page 23 and 24: (Saltonstall 2002, Lambert and Casa
Page 25 and 26: fall and then re-grow anew each spr
Page 27 and 28: Weed Torch - Recently weed torches
Page 29 and 30: Herbaceous Species There are many n
Page 31 and 32: Table 1 - Deer Densities in the Nor
Page 33 and 34: equire the alteration or removal of
Page 35 and 36: produce more accurate estimates of
Page 37: Another option for individual trees
Page 41 and 42: Goose Repellents - The US EPA and N
Page 43 and 44: Grid property and grants use and po
Page 47 and 48: preserve. Ospreys prefer secluded a
Page 49 and 50: species that should be tried. This
Page 51 and 52: and competing vegetation must be co
Page 53 and 54: Vernal Pond Creation A vernal pond
Page 55 and 56: could be tailored to include many w
Page 57 and 58: Guidelines Ecological research is a
Page 59 and 60: Proposal Process A brief research p
Page 63 and 64: Project WET - Project WET (Water Ed
Page 67 and 68: the Service Road running along the
Page 69 and 70: These rules are clearly posted on s
Page 71 and 72: In an urban environment, maintainin
Page 75 and 76: Preserve Management 1) Invasive Spe
Page 81 and 82: Staffing Levels The Master Plan (Ec
Page 85 and 86: Friends of Tifft Nature Preserve, I
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Conover, M. R. and G. G. Chasko. 19
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McDonald, J. E., D. E. Clark, W. A.
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Smith, M. S. 2005. Manual control o
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Tifft Nature Preserve Management Plan - Buffalo Museum of Science

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