Shark Depredation and Unwanted Bycatch in Pelagic Longline
Shark Depredation and Unwanted Bycatch in Pelagic Longline
Shark Depredation and Unwanted Bycatch in Pelagic Longline
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<strong>Shark</strong> <strong>Depredation</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Unwanted</strong> <strong>Bycatch</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Pelagic</strong> Longl<strong>in</strong>e Fisheries<br />
Fig A9.5. Atlantic pelagic longl<strong>in</strong>e fishery time - area closures:<br />
1= Northeast Distant area; 2 = Bluef<strong>in</strong> Tuna area; 3 = Charleston Bump area;<br />
4 = Florida East Coast (FEC) area; 5 = DeSoto Canyon area (Abercrombie et al., 2005).<br />
Table A9.4. Chronological by year <strong>and</strong> alphabetical by author, a matrix of selected post-1990 peer-reviewed publications, reports <strong>and</strong> documents that have<br />
addressed CPUE, catch composition, associated abundance <strong>in</strong>dices, <strong>and</strong> other factors related <strong>in</strong> one aspect or another to shark bycatch <strong>in</strong> the Atlantic pelagic LL<br />
fish<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>dustry. This <strong>in</strong>cludes a very limited sample of documents perta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g to Canadian fisheries <strong>in</strong> the North Atlantic <strong>and</strong> foreign fleets <strong>in</strong> the Atlantic. Note<br />
that this tabulates an extensive sample of available “grey” <strong>and</strong> primary literature but may not represent the full extent of all relevant citations, especially <strong>in</strong><br />
relation to reports to ICCAT, FAO reports on shark takes by foreign fleets <strong>in</strong> the Atlantic, <strong>and</strong> earlier papers preced<strong>in</strong>g 1990. In addition, a plethora of papers<br />
related to this topic have addressed longl<strong>in</strong>e fisheries <strong>in</strong> other oceans; only the Atlantic, GOM <strong>and</strong> Caribbean are covered here. Bolded author names denote a<br />
peer-reviewed paper from the primary literature. Otherwise, the citation is a technical report submitted to ICCAT, or an alternative technical report/document.<br />
Author(s) Year Title Primary data<br />
Source(s)<br />
Notes<br />
Bonfil 1994 Overview of world<br />
elasmobranch fisheries<br />
Literature, available<br />
reports<br />
Written prior to when shark bycatch <strong>in</strong> high seas fisheries was gett<strong>in</strong>g<br />
more attention both <strong>in</strong> U.S. domestic circles <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>ternational forums.<br />
Provides a thorough overview of why it is challeng<strong>in</strong>g to assess the true<br />
extent <strong>and</strong> impacts of shark capture <strong>in</strong> pelagic LL fisheries.<br />
Nakano <strong>and</strong><br />
Honma<br />
1996 Historical CPUE of pelagic<br />
sharks caught by the<br />
Japanese longl<strong>in</strong>e fishery<br />
<strong>in</strong> the Atlantic ocean<br />
Japanese logbook<br />
data<br />
<strong>Shark</strong> catch by this fleet is assessed <strong>in</strong> a time series that reveals only<br />
m<strong>in</strong>or changes <strong>in</strong> shark CPEU between historical <strong>and</strong> modern records<br />
(1971-1994).<br />
Cramer 1997a Large pelagic logbook catch<br />
rate <strong>in</strong>dices for sharks<br />
Cramer 1997b Estimates of the numbers<br />
<strong>and</strong> metric tons of sharks<br />
discarded dead by pelagic<br />
longl<strong>in</strong>e vessels<br />
Cramer 1997c <strong>Bycatch</strong> of blue sharks<br />
(Prionace glauca) reported<br />
by U.S. longl<strong>in</strong>e vessels from<br />
1987-1995<br />
U.S. Logbook<br />
U.S. logbook; POP;<br />
Weighout records<br />
U.S. logbook; POP<br />
Abundance <strong>in</strong>dices from 1986-1995; trends for additional species added<br />
to logbook report<strong>in</strong>g system analyzed from 1992-1997.<br />
Dead shark discards reported from 1986 to 1995 with post 1990 data<br />
obta<strong>in</strong>able from observer reports from NMFS.<br />
Reports on this heavily discarded species from 1987-1995 where<br />
catchability dur<strong>in</strong>g the latter portion of this time series <strong>in</strong>creased,<br />
especially on the Gr<strong>and</strong> Banks.<br />
Cramer et al. 1997 Estimates of recent shark<br />
bycatch by U.S. vessels<br />
fish<strong>in</strong>g for Atlantic tuna <strong>and</strong><br />
tuna-like species<br />
POP; U.S. Logbook Estimates of shark by-catch, disposition <strong>and</strong> catch characteristics <strong>in</strong> 1996.<br />
Comparisons made with earlier reports characteriz<strong>in</strong>g the earlier 1990s.<br />
Scott 1997 Recent trends <strong>in</strong> catch rates<br />
of some Atlantic sharks<br />
SEFSC<br />
CPUE <strong>and</strong> qualitative assessments of <strong>in</strong>dividual species life history<br />
characteristics used to derive the relative risks of recovery <strong>in</strong> coastal <strong>and</strong><br />
pelagic sharks.<br />
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