Shark Depredation and Unwanted Bycatch in Pelagic Longline

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Shark Depredation and Unwanted Bycatch in Pelagic Longline Fisheries a high shark catch rate. Over half of respondents (57%) replied that a combination of different factors result in a high shark catch rate. The majority of these respondents (63%) did not specify these factors. While 17% replied that altering fishing position and setting their gear deeper will increase shark CPUE, 13% of respondents mentioned that time of month was also an important factor along with altering fishing position. One respondent considered the important factors affecting shark CPUE to be time of the month together with setting gear deeper. Another respondent mentioned a combination of three factors (altering fishing position, setting gear deeper, and time of the month) as the most important parameters affecting shark CPUE. Respondents based their answer on their fishing practices during the shark season. A6.14. Incentives and Attitudes on Reducing Shark Bycatch and Depredation Almost three quarters (71%) of respondents indicated that they are not interested in reducing shark bycatch. Over half (62%) of respondents noted that they are interested in reducing shark depredation. The most common reason mentioned for not wanting to reduce shark interactions was because of the high value for sharks. Only a few respondents replied they would not mind avoiding shark interactions. This was due to the lower prices paid for sharks during mahi mahi season. Loss of gear and time spent repairing gear were mentioned as the main reasons why respondents would be interested in reducing shark depredation. Among the reasons why some respondents (12%) were not interested in reducing shark depredation were: (i) loss of gear expenses are already taken in account for every trip and are paid by owner, and (ii) catching sharks is profitable. Over a third (40%) of respondents believes that, in the absence of restrictions on finning, shark bycatch during mahi mahi season would lead to declines in shark populations. Another third (36%) of respondents believe it would not lead to a decline, while the remaining respondents did not know. Reasons provided by those who believe bycatch during mahi mahi season would mean the decline of shark population were: (i) summer acts as a temporal reduction in shark capture, which aids population growth, and (ii) because people do not respect minimum capture sizes. Given that shark captures are not as high as they used to be, fishermen now tend to retain every shark that gets hooked. Those respondents who believe shark bycatch during the summer would not lead to a decline in shark populations stated that there are not many shark interactions during mahi mahi season to impact populations and that the main reason for shark population declines is interactions with industrial fisheries and the finning they perform. About 62% of respondents stated that their general feelings about sharks are that they are economically important. For them, sharks primarily mean revenue and livelihood. One respondent mentioned that shark work is very hard during shark season and they should be better compensated. Only five (12%) respondents stated that sharks should be under a sustainable management program. These respondents believe that shark populations have declined within the past years, and penalties, bans, and more controls over minimum size limits should be enforced for conservation purposes. 110
Peru Artisanal Mahimahi And Shark Longline longline Fishery A6.15. Supporting Figures Figs. A6.5 – A6.10 provide images of the fisheries described in this contribution. Fig. A6.5. A typical artisanal longline vessel from the port of Ilo Fig. A6.6. The bustling longline port of Ilo in southern Peru. Fig. A6.7. View of a multifilament longline of an artisanal vessel. Fig. A6.8. Stored mainline in stern of fishing vessel. Note the main line with integrated floats and the wood planks holding hooks to the right. Fig. A6.9. Shark carcasses being finned at port. Fig. A6.10. Shark carcasses being cleaned at port. 111
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Shark Depredation and Unwanted Byca
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Contents Summary and Conclusions 1
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Contents Appendix 3. Fiji Pelagic L
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Contents Appendix 8. USA Hawaii Lon
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Chapter 1 Introduction and Methods
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Introduction and Methods 1.2. Metho
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Fishing Gear and Operational Charac
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Fishing Gear and Operational Charac
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Shark Catch Rates and Disposition T
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Chapter 4 National and Internationa
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National and International Measures
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Economic, Practical, Ecological and
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Economic, Practical, Ecological and
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Chapter 6 Industry Attitudes and Pr
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Industry Attitudes and Practices Lo
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Industry Attitudes and Practices Fi
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Chapter 7 Potential of Deterrents,
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Potential of Deterrents, Hotspot Av
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References Campana, S.E., L. Marks,
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References Neves dos Santos, M., Ga
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Page 101 and 102: Japan Pelagic Longline Fisheries Fi
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Page 117 and 118: Peru Artisanal Mahimahi And Shark L
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Page 129 and 130: South Africa Pelagic Longline Tuna
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Page 147 and 148: Appendix 9 USA Atlantic, Gulf of Me
Page 149 and 150: USA Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico and Ca
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Shark Depredation and Unwanted Bycatch in Pelagic Longline

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