Vsebina / Content (.pdf) - Prirodoslovni muzej Slovenije

Vsebina / Contents 

M. DE GROOT, R. LUØTRIK, T. FAASEN, D. FEKONJA: Additions and omissions 

to the list of hoverfly fauna (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Slovenia 

Dodatki in izbris vrst s seznama muh trepetavk 

(Diptera: Syrphidae) Slovenije 77 

R. GAEDIKE, S. GOMBOC, M. LASAN: Zur Kenntnis der Tineidae 

von Slowenien (Lepidoptera) 

Prispevek k poznavanju druæine Tineidae v Sloveniji (Lepidoptera) 87 

Z. MALINKA, P. ŒÍÆEK, A. PIRNAT, P. BOÆA: Contribution to the knowledge 

of the Slovenian Alticinae fauna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) 

Prispevek k poznavanju favne bolhaœev 

(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae) Slovenije 127 

G. BRAŒKO: First record of a slave-making ant Myrmoxenus gordiagini 

Ruzsky, 1902 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Slovenia 

Prva najdba zasuænjevalske mravlje Myrmoxenus gordiagini Ruzsky, 

1902 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) v Sloveniji 137 

T. KOREN, I. BURIÅ, A. ØTIH, V. ZAKØEK, R. VEROVNIK: New data about 

the distribution and altitudinal span of the Dalmatian Ringlet, 

Proterebia afra dalmata (Godart, [1824]) (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae) 

in Croatia 

Novi podatki o razøirjenosti in razponu nadmorskih viøin pojavljanja 

dalmatinskega rjavœka, Proterebia afra dalmata (Godart, [1824]) 

(Lepidoptera: Satyrinae) na Hrvaøkem 143 

Æ. PREDOVNIK: Phalacropteryx graslinella (Boisduval, 1852) v Sloveniji 

(Lepidoptera: Psychidae) 

Phalacropteryx graslinella (Boisduval, 1852) in Slovenia 

(Lepidoptera: Psychidae) 151 

FAVNISTIŒNI ZAPISKI / FAUNISTICAL NOTES 

D. DEVETAK, J. PODLESNIK, F. JANÆEKOVIŒ: Antlion Dendroleon pantherinus 

(Fabricius, 1787) (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) in Slovenia 

Volkec vrste Dendroleon pantherinus (Fabricius, 1787) (Neuroptera: 

Myrmeleontidae) v Sloveniji 159 

Ø. MODIC: Myzocallis (Lineomyzocallis) walshii, an invasive aphid 

on Quercus rubra, new to Slovenia 

Myzocallis (Lineomyzocallis) walshii, invazivna vrsta listne uøi 

na rdeœem hrastu (Quercus rubra), nova najdba v Sloveniji 163 

A. JENIŒ, A. GOGALA, J. GRAD: Bombus haematurus (Hymenoptera: Apidae), 

new species in the Slovenian bumblebee fauna 

Bombus haematurus (Hymenoptera: Apidae), nova vrsta 

v slovenski favni œmrljev 168 

NOVE KNJIGE / NEW BOOKS 171 

2 

ACTA ENTOMOLOGICA 

SLOVENICA 

LJUBLJANA, DECEMBER 2010 Vol. 18, øt./No. 2 

PRIRODOSLOVNI MUZEJ SLOVENIJE 

SLOVENSKO ENTOMOLOØKO DRUØTVO 

ØTEFANA MICHIELIJA 

ISSN 1318-1998 

CODEN: AESLFM

ACTA ENTOMOLOGICA 

SLOVENICA 

LJUBLJANA, DECEMBER 2010 Vol. 18, øt./No. 2 

PRIRODOSLOVNI MUZEJ SLOVENIJE 

SLOVENSKO ENTOMOLOØKO DRUØTVO 

ØTEFANA MICHIELIJA

ISSN 1318-1998 

CODEN: AESLFM 

UDC (UDK) 595.7(051) 

ACTA ENTOMOLOGICA SLOVENICA 

Revija Slovenskega entomoloøkega druøtva Øtefana Michielija 

in Prirodoslovnega muzeja Slovenije 

Izhaja dvakrat letno / Issued twice a year 

© Acta entomologica slovenica 

Izdajatelja / Publishers 

Slovensko entomoloøko druøtvo 

Prirodoslovni muzej Slovenije 

Øtefana Michielija Preøernova 20, p.p. 290 

ZRC SAZU, Novi trg 5 

SI-1001 Ljubljana 

SI-1000 Ljubljana 

Uredniøki odbor / Editorial Board 

dr. Martin Baehr (München), dr. Jan Carnelutti (Ljubljana), dr. Boæidar Drovenik (Ljubljana), 

dr. Werner Holzinger (Graz), prof. dr. Mladen Kuœiniå (Zagreb), prof. dr. Joæe Maœek (Ljubljana), 

dr. Carlo Morandini (Udine), dr. Ignac Sivec (Ljubljana), prof. dr. Stanislav Trdan, 

dr. Tomi Trilar (Ljubljana), Æarko Vrezec (tehn. urednik/Techn. Editor) 

Urednik / Editor 

dr. Andrej Gogala 

Prirodoslovni muzej Slovenije 

Preøernova 20, p.p. 290, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia 

E-mail: agogala@pms-lj.si 

letnik/Vol. 18, øt./No. 2, 2010 

Tisk / Printed by: Trajanus, d.o.o., Kranj 

Izølo v 500 izvodih 

Ljubljana, december 2010 

http://www2.pms-lj.si/biblioteka/acta_entomologica.html 

Povzeto v / To be abstracted in: The Zoological Record, Entomology Abstracts, 

CAB Abstracts 

Revijo dobivajo œlani Slovenskega entomoloøkega druøtva Øtefana Michielija 

(œlanarina 20 EUR) 

Cena posamezne øtevilke je 8,50 EUR 

Zamenjava je zaæeljena / Exchanges appreciated 

Publikacija je natisnjena s pomoœjo Javne agencije za knjigo R Slovenije. 

Uredniøko delo podpira Ministrstvo za kulturo R Slovenije.

Vsebina / Contents 

M. DE GROOT, R. LUØTRIK, T. FAASEN, D. FEKONJA: Additions and omissions 

to the list of hoverfly fauna (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Slovenia 

Dodatki in izbris vrst s seznama muh trepetavk 

(Diptera: Syrphidae) Slovenije.....................................................................77 

R. GAEDIKE, S. GOMBOC, M. LASAN: Zur Kenntnis der Tineidae 

von Slowenien (Lepidoptera) 

Prispevek k poznavanju druæine Tineidae v Sloveniji (Lepidoptera)..........87 

Z. MALINKA, P. ŒÍÆEK, A. PIRNAT, P. BOÆA: Contribution to the knowledge 

of the Slovenian Alticinae fauna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) 

Prispevek k poznavanju favne bolhaœev 

(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae) Slovenije ....................................127 

G. BRAŒKO: First record of a slave-making ant Myrmoxenus gordiagini 

Ruzsky, 1902 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Slovenia 

Prva najdba zasuænjevalske mravlje Myrmoxenus gordiagini Ruzsky, 

1902 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) v Sloveniji............................................137 

T. KOREN, I. BURIÅ, A. ØTIH, V. ZAKØEK, R. VEROVNIK: New data about 

the distribution and altitudinal span of the Dalmatian Ringlet, 

Proterebia afra dalmata (Godart, [1824]) (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae) 

in Croatia 

Novi podatki o razøirjenosti in razponu nadmorskih viøin pojavljanja 

dalmatinskega rjavœka, Proterebia afra dalmata (Godart, [1824]) 

(Lepidoptera: Satyrinae) na Hrvaøkem ......................................................143 

Æ. PREDOVNIK: Phalacropteryx graslinella (Boisduval, 1852) v Sloveniji 

(Lepidoptera: Psychidae) 

Phalacropteryx graslinella (Boisduval, 1852) in Slovenia 

(Lepidoptera: Psychidae)............................................................................151 


D. DEVETAK, J. PODLESNIK, F. JANÆEKOVIŒ: Antlion Dendroleon pantherinus 

(Fabricius, 1787) (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) in Slovenia 

Volkec vrste Dendroleon pantherinus (Fabricius, 1787) (Neuroptera: 

Myrmeleontidae) v Sloveniji......................................................................159 

Ø. MODIC: Myzocallis (Lineomyzocallis) walshii, an invasive aphid 

on Quercus rubra, new to Slovenia 

Myzocallis (Lineomyzocallis) walshii, invazivna vrsta listne uøi 

na rdeœem hrastu (Quercus rubra), nova najdba v Sloveniji.....................163 

A. JENIŒ, A. GOGALA, J. GRAD: Bombus haematurus (Hymenoptera: Apidae), 

new species in the Slovenian bumblebee fauna 

Bombus haematurus (Hymenoptera: Apidae), nova vrsta 

v slovenski favni œmrljev ..........................................................................168 

NOVE KNJIGE / NEW BOOKS......................................................................................171

Navodila avtorjem 

Acta entomologica slovenica je glasilo Slovenskega entomoloøkega druøtva Øtefana 

Michielija in Prirodoslovnega muzeja Slovenije. Objavlja izvirna znanstvena dela, 

pregledne œlanke in ocene knjig s podroœja entomologije. Œlanki lahko obravnavajo 

favnistiko, sistematiko, ekologijo, etologijo, fiziologijo ali zoogeografijo æuæelk. 

Pisani naj bodo v slovenskem ali angleøkem jeziku, z obveznim angleøkim in 

slovenskim izvleœkom. Œlanki so strokovno recenzirani. Letno izideta dve øtevilki. 

Avtorje prosimo, da se pri oblikovanju œlankov zgledujejo po zadnji øtevilki revije. 

Œe je le mogoœe, svoj tekst oddajte tudi na raœunalniøki disketi ali poøljite po 

elektronski poøti. Izpis œlanka na papirju naj ima dvojne presledke med vrsticami, da 

je moæno popravljanje. Risbe naj bodo kontrastne, pri debelini œrt pa upoøtevajte tudi 

morebitno pomanjøanje na format revije. Slike in tabele naj bodo na posebnem listu 

in v drugi datoteki, œe jih oddajate v elektronski obliki. 

Citirana literatura naj se navede na koncu œlanka in naj bo razvrøœena po abecedi 

glede na priimke avtorjev. Primera za citiranje sta sledeœa: 

Benoist, R., 1940: Remarques sur quelques espèces de Mégachiles principalement de 

la Faune Francaise. Ann. Soc. ent. France, 109: 41-88. 

Friese, H., 1899: Die Bienen Europas (Apidae europaeae) Bd. 5: Genera Lithurgus, 

Megachile. 228 pp. Lampe, Innsbruck. 

Avtorji œlankov dobijo brezplaœno 20 posebnih odtisov in œlanek v elektronski obliki. 

Instructions to authors 

Acta entomologica slovenica is the Journal of the Slovenian Entomological Society 

Øtefan Michieli and the Slovene Museum of Natural History. It publishes original 

scientific works, overview articles, and book reviews in the field of Entomology. 

Articles may deal with faunistics, systematics, ecology, etology, physiology, or 

zoogeography of insects. They may be written in Slovene or English, with abstracts 

in English and Slovene (the editors will ensure translations into Slovene). All articles 

are reviewed. Two issues are published a year. 

We ask all authors to model the layout of their manuscripts on a previous issue of 

the Journal. If possible, send the text on a floppy disk or by e-mail, as well as on paper 

with double spacing between lines. Drawings must have high contrast. Please, consider 

that all line widths may be reduced during layout of the issue. Pictures and tables 

should be printed on separate sheets and in separate files if prepared in digital form. 

References should be listed at the end of the article in the alphabetical order of the 

authors’ names. The samples are as follows: 

Benoist, R., 1940: Remarques sur quelques espèces de Mégachiles principalement de 

la Faune Francaise. Ann. Soc. ent. France, 109: 41-88. 

Friese, H., 1899: Die Bienen Europas (Apidae europaeae) Bd. 5: Genera Lithurgus, 

Megachile. 228 pp. Lampe, Innsbruck. 

20 reprints and electronic version will be sent to the Authors free of charge.


LJUBLJANA, DECEMBER 2010 Vol. 18, øt. 2: 77–86 

ADDITIONS AND OMISSIONS TO THE LIST OF HOVERFLY FAUNA 

(DIPTERA: SYRPHIDAE) OF SLOVENIA 

Maarten DE GROOT 1 , Roman LUØTRIK 2 , Tim FAASEN 3 and Dare FEKONJA 4 

1 

National Institute of Biology, Veœna pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 

Maarten.deGroot@nib.si 

2 

Department of biology, University of Ljubljana, Veœna pot 111, 

SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, 

roman.lustrik@gmail.com 

3 

Ecologica, Rondven 22, 6026PX, Maarheeze, Nederland, 

tim.faasen@ecologica.eu 

4 

Triglavska 21, 1113 Ljubljana, Slovenia 

Abstract – The changes in the checklist of hoverflies of Slovenia are presented. 

Fifteen species are recorded as new for the fauna of Slovenia: Brachyopa panzeri, 

Brachypalpus laphriformis, Callicera aenea, Chamaesyrphus scaevoides, 

Chalcosyrphus valgus, Melangyna lasiophthalma, Meligramma guttata, Merodon 

aberrans, Parhelophilus frutetorum, Orthonevra intermedia, Platycheirus occultus, 

Rhingia borealis, Spazigaster ambulans, Sphaerophoria chongjini and 

Sphaerophoria fatarum. From the species complex of Merodon aeneus, both M. 

aeneus species A/B and M. aeneus C were recorded. One species, Xylota caeruliventris, 

was omitted from the checklist because of misidentification. Information on 

habitat characteristics, range and conservation status is given for every new species. 

KEY WORDS: new records, fauna, Slovenia 

Izvleœek – DODATKI IN IZBRIS VRST S SEZNAMA MUH TREPETAVK 

(DIPTERA: SYRPHIDAE) SLOVENIJE 

Predstavljene so spremembe v seznamu muh trepetavk Slovenije. Petnajst vrst je 

prviœ zabeleæenih v slovenski favni: Brachyopa panzeri, Brachypalpus laphriformis, 

Callicera aenea, Chamaesyrphus scaevoides, Chalcosyrphus valgus, Melangyna 

lasiophthalma, Meligramma guttata, Merodon aberrans, Parhelophilus frutetorum, 

Orthonevra intermedia, Platycheirus occultus, Rhingia borealis, Spazigaster ambulans, 

Sphaerophoria chongjini in Sphaerophoria fatarum. Iz kompleksa vrst 

77

Acta entomologica slovenica, 18 (2), 2010 

Merodon aeneus sta bili najdeni tako M. aeneus vrsta A/B kot tudi M. aeneus C. Ena 

vrsta, Xylota caeruliventris, je umaknjena s seznama zaradi napaœne doloœitve. 

Podani so podatki o znaœilnostih habitata, razøirjenosti in varovalnem statusu vseh 

novih vrst. 

KLJUŒNE BESEDE: nove najdbe, favna, Slovenija 

Introduction 

Hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) are a highly diverse group of flies that occur in a 

large variety of habitats. 274 species have been recorded for Slovenia (De Groot & 

Govediœ 2008). 

Here we present a list of species of hoverflies found in Slovenia over the last few 

years. The material analyzed in this study was collected from 1978 to 2009 in different 

localities in Slovenia. Part of this material is deposited in the collection of the 

Slovenian Museum of Natural History. The observations are described and discussed 

for each species. In addition to this, some cryptic species are discussed that belong 

to the complex of Merodon aeneus. We note observations of two such species found 

in Slovenia. Finally, one species is deleted from the list. 

Species new to the hoverfly fauna of Slovenia 

Brachyopa panzeri Goffe, 1945 

1 male, 21.5.2009, Lake Bohinj, Ribœev Laz, x: 125412, y: 414749, Leg: M. de 

Groot 

Brachyopa panzeri was recently separated from B. dorsata (Thompson 1980), 

which is also found in Slovenia (Vujiå 1991). The species was discovered basking 

on logs of Picea abies. The habitat was mixed Picea-Fagetum forest with rich undergrowth. 

In other parts of Europe, the species is found in deciduous forest, like humid 

Fagus forests (Speight et al. 2010). Its distribution in Europe is not clearly established. 

However it is known that its populations are decreasing (Speight et al. 2010). 

Brachypalpus laphriformis (Fallén, 1816) 

1 female, 6.5.2009, Logatec, Planinsko polje, x: 81351, y: 414836, Laze, Leg: T. 

Faasen (Fig. 1) 

Slovenia is situated at the southern border of the range of this species. The female 

was hovering inside a hole in a logged tree in which ants were nesting. The immediate 

surroundings of the log consisted of mature Fagus forests. This species flies in 

Europe from the end of May until the end of June. The species is endemic to Europe 

and populations are decreasing (Speight et al. 2010). 

Callicera aenea (Fabricius, 1777) 

1 male, 16.3.2009, Ljubljana-Øentvid, 500 m west of Podgora, x: 105435, y: 

458679, Leg: R. Luøtrik. (Fig. 2) 

78

M. de Groot, R. Luøtrik, T. Faasen, D. Fekonja: Additions and omissions to the list of hoverfly fauna (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Slovenia 

Fig. 1: Female of Brachypalpus laphriformis (Fallén, 1816), Planinsko polje 

(Photo: T. Faasen). 

Fig. 2: Male of Callicera aenea (Fabricius, 1777), Ljubljana-Øentvid 

(Photo: R. Luøtrik). 

79


Callicera are large, conspicuous flies, distinguishable by long antennae with terminal 

arista. A number of characteristics distinguish this particular species from its relative 

C. aurata. C. aenea has antennal segment 2 3/4 or more of the length of antennal 

segment 1 (although somewhat variable) (Speight 2010), scutellar hairs are 2/3 or more 

of the length of the scutellum, thorax dorsally entirely thinly dusted greyish, hairs on 

posterolateral fore- and mid-tibiae may be as long as the width of a tibia in dorsal view, 

and all tarsal segments are the same colour as their flanking metatarsus or tarsal segments 

3-5, and are paler than the black basal part of femora (Van Veen 2004). 

The specimens were observed flying and hovering near the ground in a woodland 

clearing. A number of individuals were curious about the observer, enabling them to 

be photographed in mid-air. They appeared to be interacting with each other, presumably 

males fending off intruders from their territory. 

The range of this species requires reassessment due to confusion with C. aurata, but 

it is generally found in Northern and Central Europe, with European parts of Russia 

and east to Siberia and the Pacific (see map in Renema & Wakkie 2001). Habitat is primarily 

mature arboreal forest with senescent trees, and males are known to appear just 

above ground in clearings and woodland edges. Larvae are unknown but Callicera 

females deposit eggs in rot holes of hardwood (Sommaggio 1999; Van Veen 2004). 

The flight period is from May to September with a peak in May/June (Speight 2010). 

Chamaesyrphus scaevoides (Fallen, 1817) 

1 female, 26.7.2009, Zg. Jezersko, Mt. Skuta, x: 136695, y: 465973; 1 male, 

26.7.2009, near the glacier on Mt. Skuta, x: 136322, y: 465949, Leg: R. Luøtrik 

Chamaesyrphus species are small inconspicuous flies often flying in the undergrowth. 

The male and female were found on different places. One was found in the 

low grassy vegetation in the vicinity of Pinus mugo on the edge of the glacier under 

Skuta and the second one at a lower altitude resting on a branch in nearby bushes of 

P. mugo. The species has its southern border in Slovenia and is found from Great 

Britain to the east into European Russia. It is considered as not threatened but is 

decreasing locally. 

Chalcosyrphus valgus (Gmelin, 1790) 

1 female, 2.5.2009, Ljubljansko barje, Iøki morost, x: 93369, y: 459958, Leg: T. 

Faasen (Fig. 3) 

Together with C. pannonicus (Oldenberg, 1916), C. femoratus (Linnaeus, 1758) 

and C. rufipes Loew 1873, C. valgus is member of large black Chalcosyrphus 

species with red legs occurring in Europe. The species was found feeding on Caltha 

palustris. Other species on which it feeds are Campanula, Chaerophyllum, 

Hypericum, Rubus idaeus and Sorbus aucuparia (Speight 2010). The preferred habitats 

are coniferous forest and mature Fagus/Picea forest. However, the specimen we 

found was caught in a fen surrounded by Salix and Betula bushes with the nearest 

coniferous forest approximately 1.5 km away. This could mean that the species can 

disperse over such a distance from its preferred habitat. C. valgus occurs over the 

entire Palaearctic, but is threatened throughout Europe (Speight et al. 2010). 

80


Fig. 3: Female of Chalcosyrphus valgus (Gmelin, 1790), Ljubljansko barje 


Melangyna lasiophthalma (Zetterstedt, 1843) 

1 male, Ljubljana-Øentvid, Podgora, 16.3.2009, x: 105231, y: 459247, Leg: R. 

Luøtrik; 

1 female, 26.3.2009, Ljubljana, Veœna pot (near the Biotechnical faculty), x: 

10102, y: 459466, Leg: M. de Groot; 1 female, 2.5.2009, Pokljuka, x: 136538, y: 

425282, Leg: T. Faasen. 

This is a relatively large Melangyna species with white-yellow to orange pairs of 

more or less rectangular spots on the abdomen. We found the specimens only in the 

period from the second half of March until the beginning of May, although it is 

known that the flight period is until June and, at higher altitudes, until July (Speight 

2010). Individuals were caught sun basking on an overgrown wire fence and feeding 

on Salix species. In general, the species prefers acidophilic and wet forests, but also 

hedgerows, suburban gardens, shrubs and orchards (Speight 2010). It is found mostly 

on forest edges and open areas in forests with flowering trees and undergrowth. 

The species is common throughout Slovenia. 

Meligramma guttata (Fallen, 1817) 

1 female, 5.8.2009, Tomiøelj, Krim, x: 92247, y: 458690, Leg: M. de Groot 

This is a medium sized species which flies mainly among tree canopies (Speight 

2010). This specimen was found along a forest road among flowers. They often 

descend to visit flowers in open places in the forest. This specimen was found in a 

mixed forest of Fagus sylvatica and Abies alba. It is a Holarctic species and Slovenia 

lies at its southern range border. In the alpine region, the population is decreasing. 

Merodon aberrans Egger, 1860 

1 male, 21.6.2003, Volovja reber, Suhi vrh, x: 49018 y: 446604, Leg: M. de Groot 

81


This is a middle sized Merodon species with a brown-black coloured, coneshaped 

abdomen. Most of its range lies in Europe (Speight et al. 2010). The species 

was found at the end of June, but is expected to fly from May till August, depending 

on the altitude (Speight 2010). The species was found on calcareous montane grassland. 

Specimens were found flying low over the ground between the vegetation. 

Parhelophilus frutetorum (Fabricius, 1775) 

1 male, 9.5.2008, Ljubljana, Mestni log, x: 98329, y: 458397, Leg: D. Fekonja 

Middle sized Parhelophilus with completely yellow fore tibia, a row of black 

hairs behind the eyes and a tubercle on the base of the hind femur (Reemer et al. 

2009). It is a Palaearctic species. The species was already recorded for Italy and 

Hungary. The flight period is from May until July. The male was found in a pool in 

an alluvial softwood forest. It occurs throughout Europe, though decreasing in numbers 

(Speight 2010). 

Orthonevra intermedia Lundbeck, 1916 

1 female, 2.5.2009, Ljubljansko Barje, Iøki morost, x: 93369, y: 459958, Leg: T. 

Faasen 

This is the second member of the genus Orthonevra observed in Slovenia, after 

O. frontalis (Loew, 1843) (De Groot & Govediœ 2008). It was found feeding on 

Caltha palustris in sedges (Carex). It also feeds on umbellifers, Frangula alnus and 

Potentilla. It is confined mostly to wetlands, nearby neutral/calcareous springs, and 

flushes in various situations. It occurs throughout Europe and is not threatened. 

Platycheirus occultus Goeldlin, Maibach and Speight, 1990 

1 male, 19.6.2009, Brdo near Kranj, x: 127690, y: 454283, Leg: M. de Groot; 1 male, 

1 female, 12.7.2009, Ljubljana, Mestni log, x: 96591, y: 459458, Leg: M. de Groot 

Platycheirus occultus forms, together with P. angustipes Goeldlin, 1974, P. 

angustatus (Zetterstedt, 1843), P. clypeatus (Meigen, 1822) and P. europaeus 

Goeldlin, Maibach and Speight, 1990, a group of very similarly looking species. The 

latter two were already recorded for Slovenia (De Groot & Govediœ 2008). P. occultus 

can be separated from the others by the smooth part on the front meta-tarsus with 

a black depression in the middle. 

It has a northern and central European distribution and records from Slovenia lie 

on the south-eastern border of its range. It is documented as decreasing in the Alps 

and the continental region of Europe (Speight et al. 2010). Its flight period is from 

April until September with peaks in May/mid June and mid July/August (Speight et 

al. 2010). The specimens were found in wet sedge meadows in Mestni log and on the 

banks of a stream in Brdo near Kranj. Other habitats where the species could be 

found are coastal marshes, periphery raised bogs and fen (Speight 2010). 

Rhingia borealis Ringdahl, 1928 

1 female, 6.5.2009. Logatec, Planinsko polje, Laze, x: 81351, y: 442480, Leg: T. 

Faasen (Fig 4) 

82


Fig 4: Female of Rhingia borealis 


Ringdahl, 1928, Planinsko polje 

This is a small Rhingia with pilose arista and a strong, bended snout. The species 

occurs in Hungary and Italy (Speight et al. 2010). The flight period is from May until 

August (Speight 2010). The specimen was found in humid Fagus/Picea forest. It is 

also expected in a coniferous forest Picea/Abies zone (Speight 2010). Its distribution 

lies in the Palaearctic and populations are decreasing in Europe. 

Spazigaster ambulans (Fabricius, 1798) 

1 female, 24.7.2002, Bled, Pokljuka, Øijec, x: 133472, y: 422314, Leg: M. de 

Groot 

This is a small, elongate species with a striking sexual dimorphism, females have 

red abdomen and males are completely black. The first observation of this species 

was in a boggy area in Picea abies forest along the road. In subsequent years, it was 

found in all fens and wet meadows in the vicinity. It occurs particularly near Alnus 

viridis thickets along seepages and streams in poorly-drained, unimproved, calcareous 

and non/calcareous alpine and montane grasslands (Speight 2010). The flight 

period starts at the end of June and ends mid August. It occurs predominantly in 

Europe and is not threatened. 

Sphaerophoria chongjini Bankowska, 1964 

1 male, 10.8.2005, Ljubljansko barje, Mali plac, x: 94529.4, y: 450590.3, M. de 

Groot; 1 male, 16.8.2005, Ljubljana, Dragomer, x: 97036, y: 453423, M. de Groot; 

83


2 males, 3.6.2006, Krakovski gozd, x: 80894, y: 532097, (Fig 5), M. de Groot; 1 

male, 21.6.2006, Ljubljana, Mestni log, x:, y: , M. de Groot 

This is a small elongate species which can only be identified by male genitalia. It 

was found at several locations in flower rich forest edges (Mali plac), near a ditch in 

a well-drained meadow (Dragomer), and in wet meadows with sedges in humid 

deciduous forests (Krakovski gozd, Mestni log). In Europe this species occurs from 

mid June until the end of August. It occurs over the whole Palaearctic. Its populations 

are in decline (Speight 2010). 

Sphaerophoria fatarum Goeldlin, 1989 

2 males, 24-8-2008, Bled, Pokljuka, Øijec, x: 132944, y: 423020, Leg: M. De 

Groot 

Shaerophoria fatarum is a member of the same group as S. chongjini. Two males 

were found on an oligotrophic Molinia grassland near Øijec bog on Pokljuka, flying 

syntopically with S. scripta. It has two flight peaks, one in May and June and one in 

August and September. It occurs over the whole Palaearctic and is not threatened. 

Taxonomic split 

Recently, molecular studies showed that the species Merodon aeneus (= M. 

aureus in Milankov et al. 2007) hides a complex of species (Marcos-García et al. 

2007; Milankov et al 2007). In Slovenia two species occur: Merodon aeneus A/B and 

Fig 5: Sphaerophoria chongjini 


Bankowska, 1964, Krakovski gozd 

84


C. The species still have to be officially described and names have to be instated 

(Milankov et al 2007). Until then, we will use the nomenclature used by Milankov 

et al. (2007). 

Merodon aeneus A/B 

1 male, 21.5.2006, Bohinj lake, Planina Sp. Grintovica, x: 132613, y: 413061, 

Leg: M. de Groot,; 2 males, 2 females, 7.6.2006, Cerknica, Cerkniøko jezero, Otok, 

x: 66423, y: 451587, Leg. M. de Groot; 1 male, 23.8.2006, Ljubljana, Dragomer,x: 

97679.7, y: 453071.4, Leg: M. de Groot; 2 males, 21.5.2009, Lake Bohinj, Ribœev 

Laz, x: 414265, y: 125550, Leg: M. de Groot; 1 female, 1.6.2008, Ljubljana, Krim, 

x: 85165, y: 456819, Leg. M. de Groot. 

Under the name M. aeneus A/B are two species that are morphologically indistinguishable 

(Milankov et al. 2007). For our purpose, we will take them as morphospecies 

and refer to them as M. aeneus A/B. Further molecular research should 

establish the possible occurrence of both species in Slovenia. 

The key characteristic of M. aeneus A/B is the presence of dark hairs on the upper 

half of the eye and pale hairs on the lower part. This species was found throughout 

Slovenia on unimproved (montane) dry grasslands, but also occurs in thermophilous 

Quercus forest. 

Merodon aeneus C 

1 male, 24.8.1978, Ig, Kremenica hrib, UTM: VL68, S. Brelih; 1 male and 1 

female, 23.8.2005, Ljubljana, Dragomer, x: 97883, y: 451713, M. de Groot 

M. aeneus C differs from M. aeneus A/B by having pale hairs over the entire eye. 

It was found on unimproved meadows in the vicinity of forests on both karstic and 

acid soils, which is similar to the habitat of M. aeneus. In Slovenia, it has so far been 

found only on hill slopes around Ljubljansko Barje, but is expected to occur in other 

parts of Slovenia as well. All specimens were found in August. The entire flight period 

is not known. 

Deleted species 

One species, Xylota caeruliventris (Zetterstedt, 1838) should be deleted from the 

list of hoverfly fauna of Slovenia. A study of the specimen published as X. caerulivensis 

in De Groot and Govediœ (2008) showed that it belongs to X. jakutorum. 

Concluding remarks 

With the additions and deletion of the species presented in this paper, there are 

now 288 hoverfly species known for Slovenia. Fifteen species are recorded as new 

for the fauna of Slovenia and one is deleted from the checklist. Slovenia has a high 

species potential because of its different habitats and climates. The addition of 15 

species to the fauna of Slovenia in such a small period of time indicates that more 

species will most likely be found in the coming years. 

85


Acknowledgements 

We are indebted to Eva Vukeliœ, Martha Courbois, Jasna Lojk, Uroø Æibrat and 

Slafiana flukanoviå who accompanied us into the field. We also want to thank John 

T. Smit for identifying some of the species and Tomi Trilar for access to the hoverfly 

collection in the Slovenian Museum of Natural History. Special thanks to Roger 

H. Pain for checking the English of this manuscript. 

References 

De Groot, M. & Govediœ, M., 2008: Checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) 

of Slovenia. Acta Entomologica Slovenica 16(1): 67-87. 

Marcos-García, M. Á., Vujiå, A. & Mengual, X., 2007: Revision of Iberian species 

of the genus Merodon (Diptera: Syrphidae). European Journal of Entomology 

104: 531-572. 

Milankov, V., Ståhls, G., Stamenkoviå, J. & Vujiå, A., 2007: Genetic diversity of 

populations of Merodon aureus and M. cinereus species complexes (Diptera, 

Syrphidae): Integrative taxonomy and implications for conservation priorities on 

the Balkan peninsula. Conservation Genetics. 

Reemer, M., Renema, W., van Steenis, W., Zeegers, T., Barendregt, A., Smit, J. 

T., Van Veen, M. P., van Steenis, J. & van der Leij, L. J. J. M., 2009: De 

Nederlandse zweefvliegen (Diptera: Syrphidae).442 Natuurhistorisch Museum 

Naturalis, KNNV uitgeverij, European Invertebrate Survey - Nederland. Leiden. 

Renema, W. & Wakkie, B., 2001: Het zweefvliegengenus Callicera in Nederland en 

België (Diptera: Syrphidae). Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen 14: 1-12. 

Sommaggio, D., 1999: Syrphidae: can they be used as environmental bioindicator? 

Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 74: 343-356. 

Speight, M.C.D. 2010 Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera) 2010. 

Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae, vol. 59, Syrph the Net publications, 

Dublin. 

Speight, M.C.D., Monteil, C., Castella, E. & Sarthou, J.-P. 2010 StN 2010. In: 

Speight, M.C.D., Castella, E., Sarthou, J.-P. & Monteil, C. (eds). Syrph the Net 

on CD, Issue 7. The database of European Syrphidae. Syrph the Net 

Publications, Dublin. 

Thompson, F. C., 1980: The problem of old names as illustrated by Brachyopa “conica 

Panzer” with a synopsis of Parlaearctic Brachyopa Meigen (Diptera: 

Syrphidae). Entomologica scandinavica 11: 209-216. 

Van Veen, M., 2004: Hoverflies of Northwest Europe, Identification keys to the 

Syrphidae KNNV Publishing. Utrecht. 

Vujiå, A., 1991: Species of genus Brachyopa Meigen (Diptera: Syrphidae). Bulletin 

of Natural History Museum in Belgrade 46: 141-150. 

Received / Prejeto: 31. 5. 2010 

86



ZUR KENNTNIS DER TINEIDAE VON SLOWENIEN (LEPIDOPTERA) 

Reinhard GAEDIKE 1 , Stanislav GOMBOC 2 , Mojmir LASAN 3 

1 

Florusstraße 5, D-53225 Bonn, e-mail: tinagma@msn.com 

2 

EGEA, Institute for Nature, Øiøkovo naselje 19, SI – 4000 Kranj, 

e-mail: stanislav.gomboc@siol.net 

3 

Glavarjeva ulica 47, SI – 1000 Ljubljana 

Abstract - CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF TINEIDAE IN 

SLOVENIA (LEPIDOPTERA) 

The article presents a compilation of previously known information on the Tineidae 

of Slovenia and results of the examination of material, collected by the authors and 

numerous other collectors. 392 findings are listed from 125 locations for 44 species 

of the Slovenian Tineidae. We emphasize that Pelecystola fraudulentella (Zeller, 

1852) was not found in Slovenia since 1850. Eight species are new to Slovenian 

fauna: Nemapogon inconditella (Lucas, 1956), Nemapogon hungarica Gozmany, 

1960, Nemapogon gliriella (Heyden, 1865), Agnathosia mendicella (Denis & 

Schiffermüller, 1775), Reisserita relicinella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1853), Infurcitinea 

finalis Gozmany, 1959, Tinea murariella Staudinger, 1859, Monopis crocicapitella 

(Clemens, 1859). For each species additional informations on the distribution and 

ecology are presented. 

KEY WORDS: Lepidoptera, Tineidae, Slovenia, fauna, new records 

Izvleœek - PRISPEVEK K POZNAVANJU DRUÆINE TINEIDAE V SLOVENIJI 

(LEPIDOPTERA) 

Prispevek obravnava pregled dosedanjega poznavanja pravih moljev iz druæine 

Tineidae v Sloveniji. Predstavlja øtevilne nove podatke za to druæino, vkljuœno z 

novimi najdbami za favno Slovenije. Obdelan material je iz zbirk avtorjev in øtevilnih 

drugih zbiralcev. Skupaj je navedenih 392 najdb s 125 lokalitet, pripadajo 44 

vrstam. Opozarjamo na favnistiœno redkost - Pelecystola fraudulentella (Zeller, 

1852) od leta 1850 v Sloveniji ni bila najdena. Osem vrst je novih za slovensko favno 

metuljev: Nemapogon inconditella (Lucas, 1956), Nemapogon hungarica Gozmany, 

1960, Nemapogon gliriella (Heyden, 1865), Agnathosia mendicella (Denis & 

87


Schiffermüller, 1775), Reisserita relicinella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1853), Infurcitinea 

finalis Gozmany, 1959, Tinea murariella Staudinger, 1859, Monopis crocicapitella 

(Clemens, 1859). Poleg podatkov o najdiøœih je pri vsaki vrsti na kratko predstavljena 

njena razøirjenost in ekologija. 

KLJUŒNE BESEDE: Lepidoptera, Tineidae, Slovenija, favna, metulji, nove najdbe 

Einleitung 

Die Tineidae waren bisher in Slowenien eine der weniger bekannten 

Schmetterlingsgruppen. Schon Scopoli beschrieb mehrere Arten aus Slowenien, 

darunter Euplocamus anthracinalis (Scopoli, 1763). 

Mann (1854) publizierte einige Tineiden-Funde aus dem Vipavska dolina 

(Wippacher Tal). Um die Jahrhundertwende wurde von Staudinger, Mann und Krone 

in Slowenien gesammelt (in den Julischen Alpen bei Wippach [Vipava], am Südhang 

der Karawanken, am Œrni vrh, um Ljubljana und Cilli [Celje]). 

Erst in 20. Jahrhundert haben heimische Lepidopteorologen gelegentlich 

Tineiden gesammelt (Ivan Hafner, Mate Hafner, Rudolf Rakovec, Øtefan Michieli, 

Jan Carnelutti), daneben gibt es Aufsammlungen von ausländischen Spezialisten, die 

in Slowenien meist auf der Durchreise gesammelt haben. Von dieser und der früheren 

Zeitperiode sind nur wenige Daten bekannt (Höfner, 1909-1922; Prohaska & 

Hoffmann, 1924-1929). 

Nach 1995 hat sich die Situation etwas verbessert. Sowohl ausländische wie auch 

einheimische Lepidopteorologen haben begonnen, auch Kleinschmetterlinge in 

Slowenien intensiver zu bearbeiten. Bis heute wurde zahlreiches Material gesammelt 

(Gomboc, Habeler, Lasan, Lesar, Rekelj) und auch teilweise bestimmt, es fehlt aber 

eine detailierte Bearbeitung des gesamten Material, da keine zusammenfassende 

Literatur für diese Gruppe zu Verfügüng steht. Für die Tineidae wurde eine 

Zusammenfassung der Kenntnisse im Rahmen der Bearbeitung der Familie für den 

Mittelmeerraum gegeben (Petersen & Gaedike, 1979). 

Abb. 1: Die Beschreibung von Euplocamus anthracinalis von Scopoli (1763). 

88

R. Gaedike, S. Gomboc, M. Lasan: Zur Kenntnis der Tineidae von Slowenien (Lepidoptera) 

In den vergangenen Jahren hatte der Erstautor Gelegenheit, zahlreiche Tineiden 

aus zahlreichen Sammelausbeuten zu untersuchen. Die Bearbeitung der Falter ergab 

eine Reihe von Erstnachweisen für Slowenien und führte zu einer Erweiterung der 

bisher oft nur spärlich vorhandenen Daten über das slowenische Vorkommen anderer 

Arten. Aus diesem Grunde erscheint es sinnvoll, die jetzt vorliegenden Angaben 

zusammenzustellen. Ergänzt werden sie durch Fundmeldungen, die in den letzten 50 

Jahren durch die Bearbeitung der Familie am Deutschen Entomologischen Institut 

(DEI) durch Herrn Dr. G. Petersen und den Erstautor ermittelt wurden. Mit ausgewertet 

wurden auch einige kürzlich erschienene Arbeiten zur Fauna Sloweniens 

(Liøka & Skyva, 2000; Lesar, 2004; Lesar & Habeler, 2005; Phillips, J. W. & 

Pickles, A. J., 2007, Lesar & Verovnik 2008). 

Material und Methoden 

Das untersuchte Material stammt aus den Sammlungen des Zweit- und 

Drittautors, aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum Slowenien sowie aus zahlreichen 

Privatsammlungen. Die Determination wurde von den Autoren geprüft, wenn erforderlich, 

durch Untersuchung der Genitalstrukturen. 

Die Daten wurden von Gomboc mit der Datenbearbeitungs-Software „Popis“ 

bearbeitet und dargestellt (Gomboc & Seliøkar, 2009). 

Tabelle 1. Fundorte mit Koordinaten (WGS84) und Funddaten pro Fundort: (119 

Fundorte) 

Fundort WGS84 – N WGS84 – O Funddaten 

Bela Krajina, Œrnomelj 45,57496172 15,19977075 1 

Beneœija, Goriøka brda, Korada, Goriøka Brda 46,06793538 13,56785924 1 

Beneœija, Goriøka brda, Skalnica N.G., pri cerkvi Sveta Gora 45,99893926 13,65480064 2 

Beneœija, Goriøka brda, Sv. Gora, Solkan 45,98607031 13,66230706 1 

Carniola, Kama-Bystric [= Kamniøka Bistrica] 46,32707483 14,58886214 1 

Carniola, Wippach [= Vipava] 45,83811497 13,963224 2 

Celjska kotlina z okolico, Lipje pri Velenju 46,35637921 15,15633008 2 

Celjska kotlina z okolico, Lom pri Topoløœici 46,40646399 15,00806045 15 

Dolenjski Kras, Iøki Vintgar 45,90918672 14,49613875 2 

Dolenjski Kras, Logatec 45,91286308 14,21446953 1 

Dolenjski Kras, Mokrec nad Igom 45,90353844 14,51965479 2 

Gorenjska, Ljubljanska kotlina, Godeøiœ, meøani gozd 46,16820849 14,35807279 2 

Gorenjska, Planica (Kranj) 46,21369911 14,28459738 1 

Gorenjska, Pøevo pri Kranju 46,23895656 14,31508114 4 

Goriœko, Bukovnica 46,68704614 16,3278594 4 

Goriœko, Motvarjevci pri Kobilju 46,69991954 16,35584328 1 

Gorjanci, Novomeøka dolina, Otoœec 45,83075353 15,21945112 1 

Julijske Alpe, Soœa 46,34212983 13,66446564 1 

Julijske Alpe, Vrøiœ 46,43261846 13,74816295 1 

89



Julische Alpen, Blegoø 46,16546472 14,11156349 1 

Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Golte pri Mozirju 46,37114684 14,9158578 1 

Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Jezerce 46,28387617 14,5323683 1 

Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Kriøka planina 46,29386588 14,53716282 1 

Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Planina pod Smrekovcem 46,40053762 14,87332612 1 

Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Topla 46,48649466 14,7643874 2 

Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Zgornje Jezersko, Ærelo, meliøœe 46,37467197 14,53590907 6 

Koœevsko hribovje, Gotenica 45,60634945 14,74778542 2 

Krain, Œrna prst 46,21715547 13,92799403 1 

Krain, Wochein [= Bohinj] 46,28075793 13,83396434 2 

Krain, Wocheiner See/Julische Alpen [Bohinnjsko jezero] 46,27824435 13,83417338 1 

Krøko hribovje, Bistri graben, Kozje 46,0709722 15,55170602 3 

Krøko hribovje, Kostanjevica,sadovnjak 45,8396859 15,41480383 4 

Krøko hribovje, Oreøje, Kozja Peœ 46,05083746 15,70302637 7 

Krøko hribovje, Oslica, spodnji travniki 46,06177126 15,49701213 2 

Krøko hribovje, Podsreda 46,04149867 15,59000437 1 

Krøko hribovje, Podsreda, Oslica, suhi travniki na vrhu 46,06245741 15,49647543 3 

Krøko hribovje, Socke pri Podsredi 46,05522549 15,57436784 1 

Krøko hribovje, Soteska Bistrice, Kozjansko 46,04377693 15,65253209 1 

Krøko hribovje, Trebœe pri Bistrici 46,04854104 15,61971249 1 

Krøko hribovje, Vetrnik, Kozjansko 46,05812031 15,5514932 4 

Krøko hribovje, Zavode pri Kostanjevici 45,84723891 15,45176018 1 

Laibach [= Lubljana] 46,05697687 14,49851019 1 

Ljubljanska kotlina, Brdo pri Kranju 46,28993158 14,40133915 1 

Ljubljanska kotlina, Grmez, Ljubljansko Barje 45,98136901 14,54469496 2 

Ljubljanska kotlina, Hraøe pri Vodicah 46,17671124 14,44137682 1 

Ljubljanska kotlina, Kozlerjeva goøœa, Barje 45,99234984 14,50799485 3 

Ljubljanska kotlina, Kranj, Straæiøœe pod Ømarjetno 46,23828066 14,34561233 5 

Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljana, Beæigrad 46,05697687 14,49851019 19 

Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljana, reka Sava 46,11533481 14,4989219 2 

Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljana, Viœ, Biotehniøka fakulteta 46,05058233 14,46983245 1 

Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljansko Barje 45,98812324 14,52530593 1 

Ljubljanska kotlina, Reteœe pri Medvodah 46,15825841 14,36069697 3 

Ljubljanska kotlina, Økofljica 45,98771317 14,57210692 3 

Ljubljanska kotlina, Zgornje Bitnje, Puøkarna, vlaæni travniki spodaj 46,22765514 14,32248148 1 

Notranjska, Cerkniøko jezero, Dolenje Jezero 45,77091969 14,3552787 1 

Notranjska, Cerkniøko jezero, Otok (Cerknica), Otoøki griœ 45,74117 14,37734 1 

Notranjska, Cerkniøko jezero, Otok (Cerknica), Tresenec 45,7265296 14,38409243 2 

Notranjska, Hruøica, Nanos, Strmec, planota ob gozdu œrnega bora 45,79376596 14,01894717 2 

Notranjska, Meniøija, Bezuljak, Senoæeti 45,84173821 14,35457705 2 

Notranjska, Meniøija, Dobec 45,85164758 14,35826092 1 

Notranjska, Meniøija, Ivanje selo, Ivanjska reber 45,8364795 14,30482052 1 

Notranjska, Meniøija, Padeæ (Vrhnika), Brejnice 45,8675472 14,33939895 2 

90



Notranjska, Meniøija, Rakek, Rjava luæa 45,82828883 14,32084368 4 

Notranjska, Slivnica, Cerknica, Velika Slivnica, vrh, JV travniki na vrhu 45,79106611 14,41025115 2 

Notranjska, Slivnica, Grahovo, Strmec 45,77981373 14,43055622 3 

Notranjska, Vrhnika, Zaplana (Vrhnika) 45,9683651 14,23812712 5 

Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Petrinjski Kras 45,57296692 13,89969388 1 

Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Preønica, traviøœa z grmiøœi 45,56523227 13,9384858 12 

Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Slavnik, okolica koœe 45,53425067 13,9748933 1 

Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Slavnik, pod vrhom 45,5375355 13,97172673 3 

Podgorski Kras, Petrinje 45,57231852 13,90042435 1 

Pohorje, Kolonija 46,44519906 15,51408243 3 

Pohorje, Radlje ob Dravi, Hopfengarten 46,61361763 15,21139311 6 

Pohorje, Smreœno, Kolonija 46,44505414 15,51418637 1 

Pohorje, Urølja gora 46,4855687 14,96723814 1 

Predjama 45,814536 14,12827145 1 

Prekmurje, Œentiba pri Lendavi 46,55435218 16,49975438 2 

Prekmurje, Dobrovnik 46,64606193 16,32233418 11 

Prekmurje, Dobrovnik, ob melioracijskem kanalu 46,64606193 16,32233418 2 

Prekmurje, Dokleæovje 46,59314061 16,18214124 3 

Prekmurje, Dolgovaøke gorice 46,57320128 16,47573157 3 

Prekmurje, Dolina pri Lendavi 46,52957139 16,49887464 2 

Prekmurje, Ganœani 46,62841966 16,25932399 36 

Prekmurje, Ganœani, center 46,62991827 16,24735688 37 

Prekmurje, Lendava 46,56770807 16,44619992 4 

Prekmurje, Mala Polana 46,59221378 16,35727368 2 

Prekmurje, Mala Polana, Œrni log 46,59228622 16,35654516 10 

Prekmurje, Murska øuma 46,48706659 16,53520969 14 

Prekmurje, Nedelica 46,61673871 16,33382224 2 

Prekmurje, Podgrad pri G. Radgoni 46,68200339 15,9715689 1 

Primorska, Brkini, Suhorje, Padeæ, dolina potoka, vlaæni travniki in gozd 45,6313559 14,08234774 1 

Primorska, Hrastovlje, izvir Riæane 45,52833587 13,88531231 1 

Primorska, Komenski Kras, Lipa (Miren-Kostanjevica), proti Økrbini 45,84606052 13,71608406 1 

Primorska, Koprsko primorje, Koper/Capodistria, Srmin, trstiœje 45,5644451 13,75864201 2 

Primorska, Nanos, Podnanos, Mlake 45,81404036 13,96811178 3 

Primorska, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Kozina, Slavnik, pod Grmado 45,54350067 13,96409024 2 

Primorska, Podgorski Kras, Movraæ pri Hrastovljah, Kraøki rob 45,47312739 13,92910223 2 

Primorska, Razdrto (Postojna), Hudiœevec 45,75515 14,08721 1 

Primorska, Seæanski Kras, Lokvica, Segeti 45,85366764 13,61214907 1 

Primorska, Slovensko primorje, Strunjan/Strugnano, pri kriæu nad cerkvijo 45,53725916 13,60635733 1 

Primorska, Trnovski gozd, Hruøica, Predmeja, Œaven, pod koœo 45,92768774 13,85750398 1 

Seæanski Kras, Kobjeglava pri Komnu 45,8125126 13,80043867 1 

Seæanski Kras, Opatje selo 45,87129356 13,60279527 1 

Økofjeloøko-Polhograjsko hribovje, Belo, Polhov Gradec 46,07939504 14,35882712 1 

Økofjeloøko-Polhograjsko hribovje, Draægoøe 46,25209622 14,1705558 1 

91



Økofjeloøko-Polhograjsko hribovje, Toøko œelo 46,08435241 14,41413415 2 

Slovensko primorje, Œrni kal 45,55456581 13,86988275 1 

Slovensko primorje, Kriæiøœe ob Dragonji 45,45271725 13,66328894 1 

Slovensko primorje, Osp 45,57221813 13,86037069 2 

Slovensko primorje, Osp, podor jame, nad cerkvijo, Osapska jama 45,57231694 13,86122977 9 

Slovensko primorje, Seœovlje 45,4750675 13,63284898 5 

Slovensko primorje, Strunjan 45,52724541 13,60980805 7 

Slovensko primorje, Sv. Peter pri Dragonji 45,4591934 13,66242061 3 

Øtajerska, Gornja Radgona, Lutverci 46,68580889 15,94592482 1 

Øtajerska, Øentilj, Sladki Vrh 46,69618596 15,73546468 5 

Trnovski gozd, Hruøica, Kucelj, Trnovski gozd 45,92907862 13,82650165 1 

Trnovski gozd, Hruøica, Nanos, juæna poboœja 45,79735566 14,0101695 4 

Trnovski gozd, Hruøica, Nanos, juæna poboœja, pot proti Sv. Nikolaju 45,80648228 13,98890372 1 

Umgebung Kozina, Œrnotiœe, Kreg 45,54939516 13,90636777 2 

Vipavska dolina, Gaberje pri Ajdovøœini 45,83422811 13,90115075 2 

Vipavska dolina, Nova Gorica 45,95457196 13,65396995 1 

Vipavska dolina, Panovec pri Gorici 45,94328229 13,66606279 1 

Vipavska dolina, Planina nad Ajdovøœino 45,85353549 13,90468503 1 

Vipavska dolina, Podnanos 45,79438336 13,98546528 1 

Vipavska dolina, Sv. Katarina, N.Gorica 45,96983059 13,65438709 2 

Abb. 2: Karte der Tineiden-Fundorte in Slowenien. 

92


Liste der Sammler: 

- Arenberger – Ernst Arenberger, Wien, Österreich, 4 Fundmeldungen, 

- Baldizone – Giorgio Baldizone, 1 Fundmeldung, 

- Carnelutti – Jan Carnelutti, Ljubljana, Slowenien, 1 Fundmeldung, 

- Deutsch – Helmut Deutsch, Lavant, Österreich, 10 Fundmeldungen, 

- Fauster – Rupert Fauster, Nestelbach, Österreich, 2 Fundmeldungen, 

- Gaedike – Reinhard Gaedike, Bonn, Deutschland, 2 Fundmeldungen , 

- Galiœ – † Øtefan Galiœ, Lendava, Slowenien, 4 Fundmeldungen, 

- Gomboc – Stanislav Gomboc, Kranj, Slowenien, 285 Fundmeldungen, 

- Habeler – Heinz Habeler, Graz, Österreich, 9 Fundmeldungen, 

- Hafner – †Ivan Hafner, 2 Fundmeldungen, 

- Lasan – Mojmir Lasan, Ljubljana, Slowenien, 72 Fundmeldungen, 

- Liøka – Jan Liøka, Prag, Tschechische Republik, 1 Fundmeldung, 

- Osthelder – † Ludwig Osthelder, 3 Fundmeldungen, 

- Phillips – J. W. Phillips, Hayling Island, Hampshire, United Kingdom, 1 

Fundmeldung, 

- Pickles – A. J. Pickles, Lymington, Hampshire, United Kingdom, 1 

Fundmeldung, 

- Rakovec – † Rudolf Rakovec, 1 Fundmeldung, 

- Vrezec – Æarko Vrezec, Ljubljana, Slowenien, 2 Fundmeldungen, 

- Vrhovnik – Davorin Vrhovnik, Vitanje, Slowenien, 6 Fundmeldungen. 

Liste der Abkürzungen im Text: 

- M – Männchen 

- W – Weibchen 

In den Fällen, wo das Geschlecht nicht untersucht wurde, wird der Begriff 

„Falter“ eingesetzt. 

Faunistische Übersicht 

Es wurden insgesamt 392 Fundmeldungen von 44 slowenischen Tineiden zusammengestellt. 

Die meisten Daten stammen aus Ost-, Central- und West-Slowenien, 

andere Gebiete sind weniger intensiv untersucht worden. 

Euplocamus anthracinalis (SCOPOLI, 1763) 

[ = anthracina BORKHAUSEN, 1793; = anthracinella HÜBNER, 1796; = fuesslinella 

SULZER, 1776; = fuesslinaria ESPER, 1794] 

Biologie: Larven in verottetem Holz, an Baumschwämmen. 

Gesamtverbreitung: In Mittel- (Belgien, Deutschland) und Südeuropa (auf der 

Iberischen Halbinsel fehlend), nach Osten über Bulgarien, Rumänien und die 

Ukraine bis zum Kaukasus nachgewiesen. 

Nachweise aus Slowenien: 

- 1 M, 1 W, Laibach/Carniola, [= Ljubljana] V./VI., det. Petersen; 

- 2 M, Cilli [= Celje], VIII. 1914, det. Petersen; 

93


- 1 M, Carniola, leg. Staudinger [Der Fund könnte auch im heutigen Österreich 

liegen]; det. Petersen; 

- 1 M, Bela Krajina, Œrnomelj, 165 m, 9.5.2001, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Dolenjski Kras, Logatec, 476 m, 1.1.1986, leg. Vrezec, det. Habeler; 

- 1 Falter, Koœevsko hribovje, Gotenica, 630 m, 25.6.1994, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Koœevsko hribovje, Gotenica, 630 m, 26.6.1994, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Habeler; 

- 1 Falter, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Preønica, traviøœa z grmiøœi, 460 m, 27.5.2001, 

leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Œentiba pri Lendavi, 220 m, 1.5.1998, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 

- 3 Falter, Prekmurje, Dolgovaøke gorice, 280 m, 15.5.1998, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Dolgovaøke gorice, 280 m, 16.5.1998, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 

- 1 M, Prekmurje, Dolgovaøke gorice, 280 m, 16.5.1998, leg. Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 4.5.1990, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Lendava, 170 m, 15.8.1974, leg. Galiœ, det. Gomboc; 




- 1 W, Prekmurje, Podgrad pri G. Radgoni, 217 m, 10.5.1994, leg. Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Primorska, Hrastovlje, Izvir Riæane, 67 m, 26.5.1980, leg. Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 W, Slovensko primorje, Kriæiøœe ob Dragonji, 25 m, 23.4.2000, leg. Lasan, 

det. Gaedike; 

- 1 W, Slovensko primorje, Œrni Kal, Osp, 100 m, 11.5.1999, leg. Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 W, Øtajerska, Øentilj, Sladki Vrh, 240 m, 11.5.2003, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Øtajerska, Øentilj, Sladki Vrh, 240 m, 20.5.2001, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike. 

Lesar (2004); Lesar & Habeler (2005); Phillips, J. W. & Pickles, A. J. (2007), 

Lesar & Govediœ (2010). 

Montescardia tessulatella (ZELLER, 1846) 

Biologie: Larven in Baumschwämmen. 

Gesamtverbreitung: In fast ganz Europa nachgewiesen, sie fehlt auf der 

Iberischen Halbinsel; außerhalb Europas über die Türkei, den Kaukasus und die 

Mongolei bis zum Fernen Osten Russlands vorkommend. 


- 2 W, Celjska kotlina z okolico, Lom pri Topoløœici, 580 m, 31.8.2002, leg. 

Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

94


Abb. 3a: Verbreitungskarte von Euplo - 

camus anthracinalis in Slowenien. 

Abb. 3b: Imago von Euplocamus anthracinalis, Photo A. Gogala. 


Gomboc, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 W, Ljubljanska kotlina, Kranj, Straæiøœe pod Ømarjetno, 380 m, 2.10.2005, 

leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Notranjska, Slivnica, Grahovo, Strmec, 627 m, 16.8.2007, leg. 


- 1 Falter, Pohorje, Kolonija, 800 m, 4.7.1993, leg. Vrezec, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 20.8.1993, leg. Gomboc. 

Lesar & Verovnik (2008), Lesar & Govediœ (2010). 

95


Scardia boletella (FABRICIUS, 1794) 

[ = boleti FABRICIUS, 1798; = polypori ESPER, 1804; = relicta KOZHANTSCHIKOV, 

1923] 

Biologie: Larven in Baumschwämmen, z. B. Fomes fomentarius, Ganoderma 

spec., Polyporus spec. 

Gesamtverbreitung: In Europa reliktartig in alten, vor allem montanen 

Laubwaldbeständen vorkommend. 


- 1 Falter, Krøko hribovje, Podsreda, 245 m, 15.7.2004, leg. Lasan, det. Gomboc; 


- 1 W, Julische Alpen, Blegoø, 5. VIII., leg. Hafner, det. Petersen; 

- 2 M, 1 W, Carniola, Kama-Bystric [= Kamniøka Bistrica], 14./17.VII. - 4. VIII. 

1910, leg. Hafner, det. Petersen; 

- 1 M, Krain, Œrna prst, 13.8.1929, leg. Rakovec, det. Petersen. 


Morophaga choragella (DENIS & SCHIFFERMÜLLER, 1775) 

[ = boleti FABRICIUS, 1777; = fungella THUNBERG, 1794; = mediella HÜBNER, 

1796] 

Biologie: Larven an zahlreichen Baumpilzarten. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Aus ganz Europa nachgewiesen, außerhalb Europas über den 

Kaukasus, den Iran bis nach Sibirien vorkommend. 


- 1 Falter, Pohorje, Radlje ob Dravi, Hopfengarten, 370 m, 23.5.2001, leg. 

Vrhovnik & Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Dobrovnik, 174 m, 9.6.2000, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Mala Polana, Œrni log, 166 m, 20.7.2004, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Murska øuma, 160 m, 7.6.2000, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 

- 1 M, Primorska, Trnovski gozd, Hruøica, Predmeja, Œaven, pod koœo, 1185 m, 

10.6.2000, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 M, 1 W Slovensko primorje, Œrni kal, 80 m, 3.6.1999, 15.9.1999, leg. Lasan, 

det. Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Slovensko primorje, Osp, 60 m, 3.6.1999, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Økofjeloøko-Polhograjsko hribovje, Æelezniki, Draægoøe, 700 m, 5.8.1999, 

leg. Gomboc, Lasan, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 W, Øtajerska, Øentilj, Sladki Vrh, 240 m, 2.6.2002, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Trnovski gozd, Hruøica, Nanos, juæna poboœja, 900 m, 900 m, 

1.8.1999, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 2 W, Trnovski gozd, Hruøica, Nanos, juæna poboœja, 900 m, 900 m, 29.5.2001, 

leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Vipavska dolina, Planina nad Ajdovøœino, 300 m, 18.7.1996, leg. 


96


Abb. 4: Verbreitungskarte von Moro - 

phaga choragella in Slowenien. 

- 2 Falter, Vipavska dolina, Sv. Katarina, N.Gorica, 200 m, 3.7.1999, leg. 


- 1 M, Krain, Wocheiner See/Julische Alpen [Bohinjsko jezero], 600 m, 8.7.1926, 

leg. Osthelder; det. Petersen. 

Lesar (2004); Lesar & Habeler (2005), Lesar & Govediœ (2010). 

Triaxomera fulvimitrella (SODOFFSKY, 1830) 

Biologie: Larven an verschiedenen Baumpilzen, z. B. Piptoporus betulinus, 

Inonotus radiatus, Fomes fomentarius, Stereum rugosum. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Aus fast ganz Europa nachgewiesen, sie fehlt auf der 

Iberischen Halbinsel, außerhalb Europas nach Osten über die Mongolei bis in den 

Fernen Osten Russlands bekannt. 


- 2 Falter, Prekmurje, Mala Polana, 166 m, 22.5.1992, leg. Habeler & Fauster, 

det. Habeler; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Murska øuma, 160 m, 15.5.1998, leg. Habeler, det. Habeler; 

- 1 W, Prekmurje, Murska øuma, 160 m, 18.5.2000, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike. 

Triaxomera parasitella (HÜBNER, 1796) 

Biologie: Larven an zahlreichen Baumpilzarten, auch in faulem Holz (Pilzmyzel). 

Gesamtverbreitung: Aus fast ganz Europa bekannt, auf dem Balkan bisher nur aus 

Kroatien und Slowenien nachgewiesen. 


- 1 Falter, Dolenjski Kras, Mokrec nad Igom, 800 m, 4.7.1996, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 

- 1 W, Krøko hribovje, Podsreda, Oslica, suhi travniki na vrhu, 650 m, 24.6.2005, 




- 1, Pohorje, Radlje ob Dravi, Hopfengarten, 370 m, 15.6.2002, leg. Vrhovnik & 


- 1 M, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 1.6.1997, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Ganœani, center, 179 m, 15.6.2007, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 

97



Gaedike; 


Gomboc. 


Nemaxera betulinella (FABRICIUS, 1787) 

[ = corticella CURTIS, 1834, nec LINNÈ, 1758, nec HAWORTH, 1828; = emortuella 

ZELLER, 1839] 

Biologie: Larve an zahlreichen Baumpilzarten, ausführliche Angaben zur 

Biologie und Ökologie liefert VETTER (1995; 1999). 

Gesamtverbreitung: Mittel-, Nord- und Osteuropa, im Süden aus Nord-Italien 

nachgewiesen, über Bulgarien, Rumänien, Ukraine bis zum europäischen Teil 

Russlands nachgeweisen, außerhalb Europas vom Kaukasus bis Sibiren vorkommend. 


- 1 W, Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljana, reka Sava, 300 m, 16.5.2003, leg. Lasan, 

det. Gaedike. 

Die nachfolgend aufgeführten Arten der Gattung Nemapogon sind nur durch 

Genitaluntersuchung sicher zu trennen. Es werden deshalb hier nur die selbst geprüften 

Angaben genannt. 

Nemapogon inconditella (LUCAS, 1956) - Erstfund 

[ = buckwelli LUCAS, 1956; = heydeni PETERSEN, 1957; = thomasi CAPUSE, 1975; 

= hungaricus CAPUSE, 1968, nec GOZMANY, 1960] 

Biologie: Larven an verschiedenen Baumpilzen, z. B. Coriolus versicolor, 

Polyporus sulphureus, P. candicinus, Bjerkander adusta. 

Gesamtverbreitung: In fast ganz Europa verbreitet, im Norden bis Dänemark und 

Großbritannien nachgewiesen, außerhalb Europas in Marokko, der Türkei, dem 

Kaukasus und Mittelasien vorkommend. 


- 1 W, Slovensko primorje, Osp, podor jame, nad cerkvijo, Osapska jama, 60 m, 

12.6.1999, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike. 

Nemapogon gravosaella PETERSEN, 1957 

[ = borshomi ZAGULAJEV, 1964] 

Biologie: Keine Angaben bekannt, mit Sicherheit leben die Larven auch in 

Baumpilzen, wie die anderen Arten der Gattung auch. 

Gesamtverbreitung: In Europa von Italien über den gesamten Balkan, Bulgarien, 

Rumänien bis zur Ukraine nachgewiesen, im Norden über Österreich bis zur 

Slowakei vorkommend, außerhalb Europas bekannt aus dem Nahen Osten und aus 

Georgien. 

98



- 2 W, Umg. Kozina, Œrnotiœe, Kras, 10. 8. 2005, leg. E. Arenberger; det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 W, Umg. Kozina, Preønica, Slavnik, 3. 8. 2004, leg. E. Arenberger; det. 

Gaedike. 

Lesar et al. (2009). 

Nemapogon hungarica GOZMANY, 1960 - Erstfund 

[ = pliginskii ZAGULAJEV, 1963] 

Biologie: Keine Angaben bekannt, mit Sicherheit leben die Larven auch in 

Baumpilzen, wie die anderen Arten der Gattung auch. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Von Italien (inklusive Sardinien) über die Balkanhalbinsel, 

Bulgarien und Rumänien bis zur Ukraine vorkommend, ferner aus Ungarn nachgewiesen, 

außerhalb Europas aus der Türkei bekannt. 


- 1 W, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Preønica, traviøœa z grmiøœi, 460 m, 23.6.2003, 

leg. Deutsch, det. Gaedike. 

Nemapogon cloacella (HAWORTH, 1828) 

[ = infimella HERRICH - SCHÄFFER, 1851] 

Biologie: Larven an zahlreichen Baumpilzen, z. B. Polyporus radiatus, P. sulphureus, 

P. tsugae, Trametes quercina, T. gibbosa, Inonotus hispidus, Fomes fomentarius, 

Piptoporus betulinus, Tyromyces stipticus, Bjerkandera adusta, sekundär als 

Schädling an zahlreichen pflanzlichen Stoffen, an Getreide, Trockenfrüchten. Sie 

gehört zusammen mit N. granella und N. variatella zu den wichtigsten Schädlingen 

an gelagertem Getreide. 

Gesamtverbreitung: In ganz Europa vorkommend, als Schädling in andere 

Regionen verschleppt. 


- 1 W, Celjska kotlina z okolico, Lipje pri Velenju, 480 m, 27.6.2002, leg. 


- 2 M, Dolenjski Kras, Iøki Vintgar, 400 m, 27.5.2001, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Gorenjska, Pøevo pri Kranju, 524 m, 21.6.2006, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Topla, 940 m, 20.6.2002, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 3 M, Krøko hribovje, Bistri graben, Kozje, 400 m, 23.6.2003, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 W, Pohorje, Urølja gora, 1500 m, 17.8.1996, leg. Gomboc, Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 2 M, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 13.5.1998, leg. Gomboc, det. Liøka, Gaedike; 

- 2, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 25.4.1999, leg. Gomboc, det. Habeler; 

- 1 M, 1 W, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 26.6.2004, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike; 

- 2, Prekmurje, Ganœani, center, 179 m, 22.5.1999, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

99


- 1 M, Prekmurje, Ganœani, center, 179 m, 28.6.1999, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike; 


- 5 M, Prekmurje, Mala Polana, Œrni log, 166 m, 17.5.2000, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gaedike; 


Gaedike; 


Gaedike. 

Lesar & Habeler (2005), Lesar & Govediœ (2010). 

Nemapogon wolffiella KARSHOLT & SCHMIDT NIELSEN, 1976 

[ = albipunctella HAWORTH, 1828, nec DENIS & SCHIFFERMÜLLER, 1775] 

Biologie: Larven in Baumpilzen Hypoxylon multiforme und H. rubiginosum. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Im Norden aus Skandinavien sowie in ganz Mitteleuropa 

bekannt, südlich aus Slowenien, Bulgarien und Rumänien nachgewiesen, östlich bis 

zum europäischen Teil Russlands bekannt, außerhalb Europas aus dem 

Kaukasusgebiet und aus Sibirien nachgewiesen. 


- 1 M, Notranjska, Vrhnika, Zaplana (Vrhnika), 673 m, 3.7.2004, leg. Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Pohorje, Urølja gora, 950 m, 17.8.1996, leg. Gomboc, Lasan, det. 

Gomboc; 



- 2 M, Øtajerska, Gornja Radgona, Lutverci, 212 m, 17.6.2001, leg. Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Øtajerska, Øentilj, Sladki Vrh, 240 m, 2.6.2002, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike. 


Bemerkungen: Nur gut erhaltene Falter sind schon äußerlich von der sehr ähnlichen 

N. cloacella zu unterschieden, ansonsten ist immer eine Prüfung des 

Genitalapparates erforderlich. Deshalb sind Literaturangaben nur bedingt glaubhaft. 

Nemapogon gliriella (HEYDEN, 1865) - Erstfund 

[ = cachetiellus ZAGULAJEV, 1963; = cacheticus ZAGULAJEV, 1964; = ibericus 

ZAGULAJEV, 1968] 

Biologie: Larven an Stereum hirsutum und S. rugosum. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Bisher in Europa nur aus Österreich, Deutschland, der 

Tschechischen Republik, der Slowakei, Slowenien und aus dem südeuropäischen 

Russland nachgewiesen, außerhalb Europas aus der Türkei, Georgien und Armenien 

bekannt. Die bisher bekannten Nachweise spiegeln mit Sicherheit nicht die rezente 

Verbreitung wider. 


- 1 M, Gorenjska, Planica (Kranj), 695 m, 10.7.2003, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike. 

100


Nemapogon clematella (FABRICIUS, 1781) 

[ = repandella HÜBNER, 1796-99; = clematea HAWORTH, 1828; = arcella auct., 

nec FABRICIUS, 1777] 

Biologie: Larven an verschiedenen Baumpilzen, z. B. Hypoxylon fuscum, Fomes 

fomentarius, Hypoxylon fuscum, Diatrype disciformis. 

Gesamtverbreitung: In ganz Europa vorkommend, außerhalb Europas aus 

Georgien nachgewiesen. 


- 1 Falter, Dolenjski Kras, Iøki Vintgar, 400 m, 27.5.2001, leg. Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Zgornje Jezersko, Ærelo, meliøœe, 1120 m, 

28.8.2004, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike; 



Gomboc; 

- 1 M, Øtajerska, Øentilj, Sladki Vrh, 240 m, 7.6.2001, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Prekmurje, Murska Øuma, 22. 5. 2001, leg. R. Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Krain: Wochein [= Bohinj] 600 m, II. 1926, leg. Osthelder, det. Petersen. 


Nemapogon granella (LINNAEUS, 1758) 

[= fenestrella SCOPOLI, 1763; = domesticella SCOPOLI, 1763; = nebulosella 

GEOFFROY, 1785; = tesserella FABRICIUS, 1794; = costotristrigella CHAMBERS, 1873; 

= fuscomaculella CHAMBERS, 1873; = marmorella CHAMBERS, 1875; = mancuniella 

HODGKINSON, 1880; = nigroatomella DIETZ, 1905; = nigra DUFRANE, 1955; = fuscicomella 

WÖRZ, 1958] 

Biologie: Die Larven in verschiedenen Baumpilzen, z. B. Polyporus versicolor, 

P. sulphureus, P. squamosus, P. candicinus, Polystictus abietellus, Lentinus tigrinus, 

Trametes quercina, Inonotus hispidus; sekundär als Schädling an verschiedenen 

pflanzlichen Stoffen, an getrockneten Früchten, an Sämereien und an Getreide. Sie 

gehört zusammen mit N. variatella und N. cloacella zu den wichtigsten Schädlingen 

an gelagertem Getreide. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Weltweit verbreitet. 


- 1 M, Ljubljanska kotlina, Kranj, Straæiøœe pod Ømarjetno, 380 m, 8.8.2006, leg. 


- 2 Falter, Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljana, Beæigrad, 315 m, 11.8.2001, leg. Lasan, 

det. Gaedike; 

- 15 Falter, Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljana, Beæigrad, 315 m, 23.4.1999, leg. 

Lasan, det. Gaedike; 


det. Gaedike; 


det. Gaedike; 

101



det. Gaedike; 

- 20 Falter, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 13.5.1996, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc, 

Gaedike; 



- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 26.6.2004, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike; 

- 3 M, Prekmurje, Ganœani, center, 179 m, 28.4.2000, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 


Gomboc, Gaedike; 


Gaedike; 


- 1 M, Slovensko primorje, Sv. Peter pri Dragonji, 125 m, 27.5.1999, leg. Lasan, 

det. Gaedike. 


Nemapogon variatella (CLEMENS, 1859) 

[ = personella PIERCE & METCALFE, 1934; = secalella ZACHER, 1938; = infimella 

CORBET, 1943, nec HERRICH - SCHÄFFER, 1851] 

Biologie: Larven an zahlreichen Baumpilzen, z. B. Piptoporus betulinus, 

Fistulina hepatica, Inonotus hispidus, Polyporus squamosus, P. sulphureus, P. versicolor; 

sekundär ist die Art ein Schädling an verschiedenen pflanzlichen Stoffen 

geworden, vor allen Dingen an gelagertem Getreide. Sie gehört zusammen mit N. 

granella und N. cloacella zu den wichtigsten Schädlingen an gelagertem Getreide. 

Gesamtverbreitung: In der gesamten Paläarktis verbreitet, darüber hinaus in andere 

Regionen als Schädling verschleppt. 


- 1 M, Krøko hribovje, Podsreda, Oslica, suhi travniki na vrhu, 700 m, 14.6.2006, 

leg. Gomboc, Deutsch, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 W, Prekmurje, Dolina pri Lendavi, 200 m, 16.5.1999, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike; 

- 1, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 9.5.1998, leg. Gomboc, det. Liøka; 

- 1 W, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 25.4.1999, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike; 






- 2 M, 2 W, Prekmurje, Ganœani, center, 179 m, 4.5.2006, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike; 


Gaedike; 

- 15 M, 10 W, Prekmurje, Ganœani, center, 179 m, 28.4.2007, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gaedike. 


102


Neurothaumasia ankerella (MANN, 1867) 

[ = burdigalensis LEMARCHAND, 1934; = tirsella AMSEL, 1952; = geratocoma 

WALSINGHAM, 1907; = ankerella var. nigratella CHRÉTIEN, 1917] 

Biologie: Die Larven wahrscheinlich in Bohrgängen von Käferlarven im Holz 

sowie eventuell auch in moderndem Holz. 

Gesamtverbreitung: In Europa von der Iberischen Halbinsel über Frankreich und 

den Balkan bis zur Ukraine und nach Südrussland nachgewiesen, nördlich über 

Ungarn, die Tschechische Republik bis Deutschland vorkommend, in Dänemark 

offensichtlich eingeschleppt. Außerhalb Europas aus Marokko, Algerien, der Türkei, 

dem Iran und aus Georgien nachgeweisen. 



- 3 Falter, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 13.8.1993, leg. Gomboc, det. Liøka; 

- 2 M, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 13.7.1996, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc, 

Gaedike; 


Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Ganœani, center, 179 m, 6.7.1999, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Ganœani, center, 179 m, 9.8.1999, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 



Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Nedelica, 170 m, 15.8.1997, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Seæanski Kras, Opatje selo, 172 m, 24.6.1998, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 

- 1 M, Slovensko primorje, Seœovlje, 50 m, 6.9.2002, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Umgebung Kozina, Œrnotiœe, Kreg, 420 m, 10. 8. 2005, leg. Arenberger, 

det. Gaedike. 

Literaturangaben über Arten der beiden nachfolgend aufgeführten Gattungen 

Eudarcia und Infurcitinea sind nur glaubhaft, wenn die Determination durch 

Genitaluntersuchung abgesichert ist. 

Eudarcia (Meessia) herculanella (CAPUSE, 1966) 

Biologie: Bisher unbekannt, wahrscheinlich leben die Larven an Flechten. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Bisher in Europa nur aus Rumänien und Slowenien nachgeweisen, 

außerhalb Europas aus Georgien bekannt. Das ist mit Sicherheit nicht die 

rezente Verbreitung der Art. 


- 1 W, Predjama, VIII. 1970, leg. G. Baldizzone, det. Petersen. 

103


Eudarcia (Obesoceras) confusella (ZELLER, 1852) 

[ = confusella HERRICH -SCHÄFFER, 1854; = danubiellum PETERSEN, 1959; = 

nigrescens JÄCKH, 1959; = confusellum orientale CAPUSE, 1966] 

Biologie: Larven an Steinflechten. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Bisher immer nur in wenigen Exemplaren aus Deutschland, 

Österreich, der Schweiz, der tschechischen Republik nachgewiesen, ferner vom 

Balkan (Bosnien / Herzegowina, Kroatien, Griechenland) und aus Rumänien 

bekannt. Das ist mit Sicherheit nicht die rezente Gesamtverbreitung. 


- 1 M, 1 W, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Preønica, traviøœa z grmiøœi, 460 m, 

23.6.2003, leg. Deutsch, det. Gaedike. 

Infurcitinea captans GOZMANY, 1960 

[ = confusella PIERCE &METCALFE, 1935, nec HERRICH -SCHÄFFER, 1850, nec 

PETERSEN, 1957] 

Biologie: Im Gegensatz zur Annahme, dass die Larven, wie auch die mancher 

anderer Arten der Gattung, lichenophag sind, stellte Heckford (2002) fest, dass die 

Larven “...live on the ground in dead spun leaves of Cotoneaster microphyllus, 

Quercus ilex and general in detritus at Torquay and they made cocoons from earth 

particles....”. 

Gesamtverbreitung: In Südeuropa nachgeweisen aus Spanien, Frankreich, Italien, 

Bosnien/Herzegowina, Kroatien und Griechenland, nördlich aus Großbritannien, der 

Schweiz, Österreich und aus Slowenien bekannt. 


- 1 M, Dolenjski Kras, Mokrec nad Igom, 800 m, 4.7.1996, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 2 M, Notranjska, Hruøica, Nanos, Strmec, planota ob gozdu œrnega bora, 781 m, 


- 1 M, Podgorski Kras, Petrinje, 480 m, 5.7.2000, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Preønica, traviøœa z grmiøœi, 460 m, 2.7.2002, leg. 


- 1 M, 4 W, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Preønica, traviøœa z grmiøœi, 460 m, 

23.6.2003, leg. Deutsch, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Slavnik, pod vrhom, 1000 m, 21.6.2003, leg. 


- 2 M, Primorska, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Kozina, Slavnik, pod Grmado, 879 m, 

25.6.2005, leg. Gomboc, Deutsch, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 W, Slovensko primorje, Osp, podor jame, nad cerkvijo, Osapska jama, 60 m, 


- 1 M, Julijske Alpe, Soœa, 500 m, 5. 7. 1999, leg. Liøka, det. Liøka; 

- 1 M, Carniola, Wippach [= Vipava], 15.6.1909, leg. Krone (Holotypus); 

- 3 M, dto., 19.6.1907, leg. Krone (Paratypen). 


104


Infurcitinea albicomella (STAINTON, 1851) 

[= albicapilla ZELLER, 1852;= albicomella HERRICH-SCHÄFFER, 1854; = luridella 

JÄCKH, 1959; = raetica ZAGULAJEV, 1974] 

Biologie: Larven an Flechten. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Aus fast ganz Europa bekannt, im Norden bis Schweden, im 

Osten bis zur Ukraine vorkommend, außerhalb Europas aus der Türkei nachgewiesen. 


- 6 M, 1 W, Krøko hribovje, Oreøje, Kozja Peœ, 360 m, 26.6.2003, leg. Gomboc, 

det. Gaedike; 

- 1 W, Krøko hribovje, Trebœe pri Bistrici, 300 m, 27.6.2003, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 4 M, Slovensko primorje, Osp, podor jame, nad cerkvijo, Osapska jama, 60 m, 


- 4 M, 3 W, Slovensko primorje, Osp, podor jame, nad cerkvijo, Osapska jama, 

60 m, 4.7.2004, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc, Gaedike. 


Infurcitinea finalis GOZMANY, 1959 

Biologie: Bisher unbekannt. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Nachgeweisen von Spanien über Frankreich und Italien bis 

Bosnien/Herzegowina und Kroatien, weiterhin aus Slowenien, der Schweiz, Österreich 

und Großbritannien bekannt. 


- 2 W, Krøko hribovje, Oreøje, Kozja Peœ, 360 m, 26.6.2003, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Notranjska, Hruøica, Nanos, Strmec, planota ob gozdu œrnega bora, 781 m, 


- 1 M, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Preønica, traviøœa z grmiøœi, 460 m, 2.7.2002, leg. 


- 1 M, Slovensko primorje, Osp, podor jame, nad cerkvijo, Osapska jama, 60 m, 


- 1 M, Trnovski gozd, Hruøica, Nanos, juæna poboœja, 900 m, 900 m, 7.7.2000, 

leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike. 


Agnathosia mendicella (DENIS & SCHIFFERMÜLLER, 1775) - Erstfund 

[= propulsatella (Rebel, 1892; = mendicella HÜBNER, 1796; = flavimaculella 

TOLL, 1942; = austriacella AMSEL, 1954] 

Biologie: Larven in verschiedenen Baumpilzarten, z. B. Daedalea quercina, 

Antrodia serialis, Formitopsis pinicola, F. rosea. 

Gesamtverbreitung: In Nord- und Mitteleuropa nachgewiesen, südlich aus 

Slowenien und Norditalien, südöstlich aus Rumänien bekannt, außerhalb Europas 

aus Georgien und aus China nachgeweisen. 

105




Gomboc, det. Gaedike. 

Ateliotum hungaricellum ZELLER, 1939 

Biologie: Unbekannt. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Kaspisches Faunenelement. In Europa aus dem gesamten 

Mittelmeerraum nachgewiesen, nördlich bis Deutschland und Polen bekannt, außerhalb 

Europas von der Türkei über die Kaukasusregion bis Mittelasien vorkommend. 


- 1 Falter, Primorska, Brkini, Suhorje, Padeæ, dolina potoka, vlaæni travniki in 

gozd, 391 m, 18.7.2005, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc. 

Lesar et al. (2009). 

Haplotinea insectella (FABRICIUS, 1794) 

[ = misella ZELLER, 1839; = rusticella HÜBNER, 1796, nec HÜBNER, 1813] 

Biologie: Larven nidicol in Hymenopterennestern (Bombus sp.), an verschiedenen 

pflanzlichen Stoffen, z. B. Getreide, Hülsenfrüchte, Torf (Auslagen von 

Insektenkästen), an Fellen, aber auch in faulem Holz. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Aus ganz Europa nachgewiesen, außerhalb Europas vom 

Kaukasus über Mittelasien bis zum Fernen Osten Russlands vorkommend. 


- 1 M, Krain, Wochein [= Bohinj], 600 m, 8.7.1926, leg. Osthelder; 

- 1 M, Ljubljanska kotlina, Økofljica, 290 m, 14.6.2003, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Pohorje, Kolonija, 800 m, 13.8.2000, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike. 


Cephimallota angusticostella (ZELLER, 1839) 

[ = libanotica PETERSEN, 1959; = angusticostella HERRICH -SCHÄFFER, 1854; = 

hasarorum ZAGULAJEV, 1965] 

Biologie: Die Larven wurden einmal in einem Nest von Bombus sylvarum gefunden. 

Gesamtverbreitung: In Südosteuropa von Rumänien, Bulgarien über den Balkan 

westwärts bis Mittel- und Norditalien, nördlich bis Ungarn vorkommend, außerhalb 

Europas aus dem Nahen Osten bekannt. Im übrigen Europa wird sie von C. crassiflavella 

vertreten. In der Berührungszone (Nord- Mittelitalien – Slowenien - Ungarn) 

kommen beide Arten zusammen vor. Ohne Genitaluntersuchung ist eine eindeutige 

Determination oft nicht möglich. 


- 1 M, Celjska kotlina z okolico, Lom pri Topoløœici, 580 m, 9.7.2002, leg. 


- 6 M, Krøko hribovje, Oreøje, Kozja Peœ, 360 m, 26.6.2003, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gaedike; 

106


- 2 M, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Preønica, traviøœa z grmiøœi, 460 m, 23.6.2003, 

leg. Deutsch, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Krøko hribovje, Vetrnik, Kozjansko, 650 m, 24.6.2003, leg. S. Gomboc; 

- 2 M, SW part, below Nanos Mts. Near Vipava [= Vipavska dolina, Podnanos], 

150 m, 1.7.2003, leg. B. Skule & C. Hivid. 

Cephimallota crassiflavella (Bruand, 1851) 

[= simplicella ZELLER, 1852; = simplicella HERRICH -SCHÄFFER, 1854] 


Gesamtverbreitung. Von Algerien über die Kanarischen Inseln, die Iberische 

Halbinsel, Frankreich (mit Korsika) bis Mittel- und Süditalien (mit Sardinien), auf 

dem Balkan von Slowenien, Kroatien, Mazedonien, Griechenland, über Bulgarien, 

Rumänien, Ukraine bis zum europäischen Teil Russlands, ferner in der Schweiz, 

Österreich, Ungarn, der Tschechischen Republik und in der Slowakei nachgewiesen, 

nördlich bis Großbritannien, Belgien, Deutschland, Polen vorkommend. In einer 

Berührungszone (Nord- und Mittelitalien, Slowenien und Ungarn) ist sie zusammen 

mit angusticostella nachgewiesen. Ohne Genitaluntersuchung ist eine eindeutige 

Determination oft nicht möglich. 


- 1 M Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Slavnik, pod vrhom, 1000 m, 21.6.2003, leg. S. 

Gomboc, det. Gaedike. 


Reisserita relicinella (HERRICH-SCHÄFFER, 1853) – Erstfund 

Biologie: Bisher unbekannt. 

Gesamtverbreitung: In Europa nachgewiesen aus Österreich, der Tschechischen 

Republik und aus der Slowakei, von Italien über den Balkan, Bulgarien und Rumänien 

bis in den europäischen Teil Russlands, außerhalb Europas kommt sie in der Türkei vor. 



Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Pohorje, Kolonija, 800 m, 27.5.2000, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 M, Slovensko primorje, Œrni kal, 27. 7. 1999, leg. Lasan. 

Trichophaga tapetzella (LINNAEUS, 1758) 

[ = palaestrica BUTLER, 1877; = greenlandica Anonymous, 1836] 

Biologie: Larven nidicol in Vogelnestern, auch in Gewöllen verschiedener 

Raubvögel, an Federn, Fellen, Wolle. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Aus ganz Europa gemeldet, außerhalb Europas aus 

Nordafrika (Algerien, Tunesien), aus der Türkei und aus Kasachstan bekannt. 


- 1 M, 1 W, Carniola, det. Petersen [die Funde könnten auch aus Österreich stammen]. 


107


Tineola bisselliella (HUMMEL, 1823) 

[= flavifrontella THUNBERG, 1794; = crinella SODOFFSKY, 1830; = destructor 

STEPHENS, 1834; = lanariella CLEMENS, 1859; = furciferella ZAGULAJEV, 1954; = 

anaphecola GOZMANY, 1967] 

Biologie: Larven in Nestern vieler Vogelarten, auch in Hymenopterennestern, 

sekundär in Gebäuden an verschiedenen Stoffen schädlich werdend. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Aus ganz Europa nachgewiesen, außerhalb Europas in der 

Paläarktis bis in den Fernen Osten Russlands verbreitet. 


- 1 M, Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljana, Beæigrad, 315 m, 25.4.2006, leg. Lasan, 

det. Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljana, Beæigrad, 315 m, 3.5.2001, leg. Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 W, Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljana, Beæigrad, 315 m, 26.4.1997, leg. Lasan, 

det. Gaedike; 

- 1 W, Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljana, Beæigrad, 315 m, 3.9.1995, leg. Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 


Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Ljubljanska kotlina, Økofljica, 290 m, 14.6.2003, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Ljubljanska kotlina, Økofljica, 295 m, 1.6.2003, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 


- 3 M, 7 W, Vipavska dolina, Nova Gorica, Solkan, 90 m, 19.5.2001, leg. 

Gomboc, det. Gomboc, Gaedike. 


Tinea columbariella WOCKE, 1877 

[ = latro MEYRICK, 1931] 

Biologie: Larven in Nestern zahlreicher Vogelarten, auch in Gewöllen und zahlreichen 

tierischen Stoffen (Wolle, Felle). 

Gesamtverbreitung: In fast ganz Europa verbreitet, auf dem Balkan bisher nur aus 

Slowenien und Griechenland nachgewiesen, außerhalb Europas in der 

Kaukasusregion, dem Nahen und Mittleren Osten, in Mittelasien bis zum Fernen 

Osten Russlands vorkommend. 


- 1 W, Slovensko primorje, Strunjan, 3 m, 11.5.2000, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike. 

Tinea trinotella THUNBERG, 1794 

[ = ganomella TREITSCHKE, 1833; = lapella HÜBNER, 1796-99, nec DENIS & 

SCHIFFERMÜLLER, 1775; = tripunctella DONOVAN, 1806, nec DENIS & 

SCHIFFERMÜLLER, 1775; = lapella HAWORTH, 1828, nec LINNAEUS, 1758] 

Biologie: Larven in Vogelnestern. 

108


Gesamtverbreitung: Aus ganz Europa nachgewiesen, außerhalb Europas bis zum 

Fernen Osten Russlands vorkommend. 


- 1 Falter, Beneœija, Goriøka brda, Korada, Goriøka Brda, 780 m, 25.5.2003, leg. 


- 2 Falter, Celjska kotlina z okolico, Lom pri Topoløœici, 580 m, 2.5.2002, leg. 




- 1 Falter, Goriœko, Bukovnica, 200 m, 22.7.1994, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Golte pri Mozirju, 1200 m, 2.6.2000, leg. 


- 1 Falter, Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Jezerce, 1400 m, 15.7.1992, leg. Habeler & 

Carnelutti, det. Habeler; 

- 1 Falter, Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Zgornje Jezersko, Ærelo, meliøœe, 1120 m, 

14.5.2007, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 



- 1 Falter, Krøko hribovje, Kostanjevica, sadovnjak, 190 m, 16.8.1994, leg. 


- 1 Falter, Notranjska, Meniøija, Bezuljak, Senoæeti, 605 m, 23.7.2007, leg. 


- 4, Notranjska, Meniøija, Rakek, Rjava luæa, 660 m, 28.5.2008, leg. Gomboc, 

det. Gomboc; 

- 2 Falter, Notranjska, Meniøija, Rakek, Rjava luæa, 660 m, 28.7.2008, leg. 




- 1 M, Notranjska, Vrhnika, Zaplana (Vrhnika), 673 m, 11.8.2000, leg. Lasan, 

det. Gaedike; 





- 1 M, Prekmurje, Dobrovnik, ob melioracijskem kanalu, 174 m, 21.7.2006, leg. 





Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 

109


Abb. 5: Verbreitungskarte von Tinea trinotella 

in Slowenien. 


Gomboc; 

- 1 M, Primorska, Nanos, Podnanos, Mlake, 137 m, 137 m, 21.7.2000, leg. Lasan, 

det. Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Primorska, Seæanski Kras, Lokvica, Segeti, 201 m, 11.4.2007, leg. 


- 3 Falter, Primorska, Slovensko primorje, Strunjan/Strugnano, pri kriæu nad 

cerkvijo, 50 m, 2.5.2001, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Seæanski Kras, Kobjeglava pri Komnu, 300 m, 13.5.1997, leg. 


- 1 Falter, Slovensko primorje, Osp, podor jame, nad cerkvijo, Osapska jama, 60 

m, 4.7.2004, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 4 M, Slovensko primorje, Strunjan, 3 m, 22.4.2000, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Økofjeloøko-Polhograjsko hribovje, Toøko œelo, 400 m, 28.5.1998, leg. 


- 2 Falter, Trnovski gozd, Hruøica, Kucelj, Trnovski gozd, 1230 m, 27.6.1998, 

leg. Habeler. 


Tinea pellionella LINNAEUS, 1758 

[ = zoolegella SCOPOLI, 1763; = albella O. G. COSTA, 1836; = demiurga MEYRICK, 

1920; = gerasimovi ZAGULAJEV, 1978] 

Biologie: Im Freiland in Nestern zahlreicher Vogelarten, in Gebäuden an zahlreichen 

pflanzlichen und tierischen Stoffen, oft dadurch schädlich auftretend. Eine 

Zusammenstellung der Informationen zur Biologie gibt Robinson (1979). 

Gesamtverbreitung: Aus der gesamten Paläarktis bekannt. 


- 5 M, Krøko hribovje, Soteska Bistrice, Kozjansko, 220 m, 8.6.2004, leg. 



Gaedike; 


det. Gaedike; 


det. Gaedike; 

110



det. Gaedike; 


det. Gaedike; 

- 1 W, Ljubljanska kotlina, Kranj, Straæiøœe pod Ømarjetno, doma, 380 m, 


- 1 M, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 13.6.1992, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike. 


Bemerkungen: Literaturangaben sind ohne Überprüfung (Genitaluntersuchung) 

nicht verwertbar, da Verwechslungen mit der nachfolgend aufgeführten sowie einigen 

anderen Arten der Artengruppe (translucens Meyrick, 1917, dubiella Stainton, 

1859) vorkommen können, deren Vorkommen in Slowenien ebenfalls möglich ist. 

Tinea murariella STAUDINGER, 1859 - Erstfund 

[ = bipunctella RAGONOT, 1874] 

Biologie: Lebensweise wie bei pellionella, siehe auch Robinson (1979). 

Gesamtverbreitung: In Europa von Madeira, den Kanarischen Inseln, der 

Iberischen Halbinsel, Frankreich, Italien, Slowenien, Kroatien bis Griechenland und 

Rumänien nachgewiesen, in Mitteleuropa aus der Schweiz und Ungarn bekannt, 

außerhalb Europas in Nordafrika und in der Türkei nachgewiesen, außerhalb der 

Paläarktis aus Südamerika bekannt. 



Gaedike. 

Tinea semifulvella HAWORTH, 1828 

Biologie: Larven in Nestern verschiedener Vogelarten, an tierischen Stoffen. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Aus fast ganz Europa nachgewiesen, auf dem Balkan bisher 

nur aus Slowenien bekannt, außerhalb Europas aus dem Iran nachgewiesen. 


- 2 Falter, Beneœija, Goriøka brda, Skalnica N.G., pri cerkvi Sveta Gora, 680 m, 






- 2 Falter, Krøko hribovje, Bistri graben, Kozje, 400 m, 23.6.2003, leg. Gomboc, 

det. Gomboc; 

- 1 W, Krøko hribovje, Oslica, spodnji travniki, 650 m, 15.6.2006, leg. Gomboc, 

Deutsch, det. Gomboc; 

- 3 Falter, Notranjska, Meniøija, Padeæ (Vrhnika), Brejnice, 591 m, 31.7.2008, 


111


Abb. 6: Verbreitungskarte von Tinea 

semifulvella in Slowenien. 



- 1 Falter, Notranjska, Slivnica, Cerknica, Velika Slivnica, vrh, JV travniki na 

vrhu, 1097 m, 22.6.2008, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 2 M, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Preønica, traviøœa z grmiøœi, 460 m, 25.5.2000, 


- 1 Falter, Pohorje, Smreœno, Kolonija, 800 m, 9.8.2001, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Dokleæovje, 184 m, 30.8.1993, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Dokleæovje, 184 m, 30.8.1993, leg. Gomboc, det. Liøka; 


- 1 M, Vipavska dolina, Podnanos, 175 m, 15.5.2002, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike. 


Niditinea fuscella (LINNAEUS, 1758) 

[= crinitella SCHRANK, 1802; = fuscipunctella HAWORTH, 1828; = nubilipennella 

CLEMENS, 1859; = abligatella WALKER, 1863; = frigidella PACKARD, 1867; = griseella 

CHAMBERS, 1873; = flavescentella STAINTON, 1851, nec HAWORTH, 1828; = 

spretella DENIS &SCHIFFERMÜLLER, 1775; = eurinella ZAGULAJEV, 1952; = distans 

GOZMANY, 1959] 

Biologie: Larven in Nestern verschiedener Vogelarten. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Aus der gesamten Paläarktis nachgewiesen, auch in Kanada 

vorkommend. 



Gaedike; 


- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 24.5.1999, leg. Gomboc, det. Liøka; 




Gomboc; 

- 3 W, Laibach [= Lubljana], IV./V.1911; leg.unbekannt, det. Petersen. 


112


Abb. 7: Verbreitungskarte von Monopis 

laevigella in Slowenien. 

Monopis laevigella (DENIS & SCHIFFERMÜLLER, 1775) 

[= rusticella HÜBNER, 1810-13, nec HÜBNER, 1796; = vestianella STEPHENS, 1835] 

Biologie: Larven in Nestern verschiedener Vögel und in Säugernestern, in 

Eulengewöllen. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Aus der gesamten Paläarktis nachgewiesen. 


1 M, Beneœija, Goriøka brda, Sv. Gora, Solkan, 300 m, 14.10.2000, leg. Gomboc, 

det. Gomboc, Gaedike; 

- 1 W, Gorenjska, Ljubljanska kotlina, Godeøiœ, meøani gozd, 353 m, 28.5.2006, 


- 1 M, Gorenjska, Pøevo pri Kranju, 524 m, 21.6.2006, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike; 

- 2 W, Julijske Alpe, Vrøiœ, 1500 m, 26.6.2001, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Kriøka planina, 1500 m, 12.7.1992, leg. 

Habeler, det. Habeler; 

- 1 M, Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Planina pod Smrekovcem, 970 m, 11.6.2002, 

leg. Gomboc, Lasan, det. Gaedike; 



- 1 M, Krøko hribovje, Podsreda, Oslica, suhi travniki na vrhu, 700 m, 14.6.2006, 

leg. Gomboc, Deutsch, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Ljubljanska kotlina, Kranj, Straæiøœe pod Ømarjetno, 380 m, 31.5.2004, 





Gomboc; 

- 1 M, 1 F, Primorska, Podgorski Kras, Movraæ pri Hrastovljah, Kraøki rob, 284 

m, 2.9.2006, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike; 

- 2 M, Økofjeloøko-Polhograjsko hribovje, Belo, Polhov Gradec, 630 m, 


- 1 M, Økofjeloøko-Polhograjsko hribovje, Belo, Polhov Gradec, 630 m, 


- 2 M, Trnovski gozd, Hruøica, Nanos, juæna poboœja, pot proti Sv. Nikolaju, 550 

m, 15.5.2002, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike. 


113


Monopis weaverella (SCOTT, 1858) 

[ = semispilotella Strand, 1900] 

Biologie: Larven in Nestern verschiedener Vogelarten, in Gewöllen. 

Gesamtverbreitung: In fast ganz Europa nachgewiesen, auf dem Balkan nur aus 

Slowenien bekannt, außerhalb Europas aus Armenien und aus dem Fernen Osten 

Russlands bekannt. 



Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Krøko hribovje, Vetrnik, Kozjansko, 700 m, 16.6.2006, leg. Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Krøko hribovje, Zavode pri Kostanjevici, 300 m, 5.9.2003, leg. 


- 1 W, Ljubljanska kotlina, Reteœe pri Medvodah, 350 m, 25. 5. 2000, leg. Lasan, 

det. Gaedike; 




- 1 M, Vipavska dolina, Gaberje pri Ajdovøœini, 320 m, 27.9.2000, leg. Gomboc, 

det. Gaedike; 

- 1 M, Umgebung Kozina, Œrnotiœe, Kreg, 430 m, 10. 8. 2005, leg. E. Arenberger, 

det Gaedike. 


Monopis obviella (DENIS & SCHIFFERMÜLLER, [1775]) 

[ = ferruginella HÜBNER, 1810-13, nec THUNBERG, 1788; = splendella HÜBNER, 

1813; = ustella HAWORTH, 1828] 

Biologie: Larven in Vogelnestern, an Wolle und verschiedenen pflanzlichen 

Stoffen. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Aus fast ganz Europa nachgeweisen, außerhalb Europas aus 

der Türkei, der Kaukasusregion und aus dem Iran bekannt. 


- 1 M, Ljubljanska kotlina, Reteœe pri Medvodah, 350 m, 25. 5. 2000, leg. Lasan; 

- 3 Falter, Beneœija, Goriøka brda, Skalnica N.G., pri cerkvi Sveta Gora, 680 m, 


- 1 Falter, Celjska kotlina z okolico, Lipje pri Velenju, 480 m, 31.8.2002, leg. 


- 2 M, Celjska kotlina z okolico, Lipje pri Velenju, 480 m, 27.6.2002, leg. 



Gomboc, det. Gomboc, Gaedike; 



114














- 1 Falter, Gorenjska, Ljubljanska kotlina, Godeøiœ, meøani gozd, 353 m, 


- 5 Falter, Gorenjska, Pøevo pri Kranju, 524 m, 21.6.2006, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 

- 3 W, Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Topla, 940 m, 20.6.2002, leg. Gomboc, det. 


- 1 W, Kamniøko-Savinjske Alpe, Zgornje Jezersko, Ærelo, meliøœe, 1120 m, 


- 2 W, Krøko hribovje, Bistri graben, Kozje, 400 m, 23.6.2003, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gaedike; 



- 30, Krøko hribovje, Oreøje, Kozja Peœ, 360 m, 14.6.2006, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Deutsch, Gomboc; 

- 4 Falter, Krøko hribovje, Oslica, spodnji travniki, 650 m, 15.6.2006, leg. 

Gomboc, Deutsch, det. Gomboc, Deutsch; 

- 3 Falter, Krøko hribovje, Socke pri Podsredi, 250 m, 22.6.2003, leg. Gomboc, 

det. Gomboc; 

- 5 Falter, Krøko hribovje, Vetrnik, Kozjansko, 650 m, 24.6.2003, leg. Gomboc, 

det. Gomboc; 


det. Gomboc; 


det. Gomboc; 

- 2 Falter, Ljubljanska kotlina, Brdo pri Kranju, 420 m, 20.6.2003, leg. Gomboc, 

det. Gomboc; 

- 2 Falter, Ljubljanska kotlina, Hraøe pri Vodicah, 345 m, 27.6.2006, leg. 


- 1, Ljubljanska kotlina, Kozlerjeva goøœa, Barje, 295 m, 7.6.2001, leg. Gomboc, 

det. Gomboc; 

- 1 W, Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljana, reka Sava, 300 m, 16.6.1995, leg. Lasan, 

det. Gaedike; 

115


- 1 Falter, Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljana, Viœ, Biotehniøka fakulteta, 297 m, 


- 1 M, Ljubljanska kotlina, Reteœe pri Medvodah, 350 m, 25.5.2000, leg. Lasan, 

det. Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Ljubljanska kotlina, Kranj, Straæiøœe pod Ømarjetno, 380 m, 21.5.2007, 


- 1 Falter, Ljubljanska kotlina, Zgornje Bitnje, Puøkarna, vlaæni travniki spodaj, 

400 m, 6.7.2006, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Notranjska, Cerkniøko jezero, Otok (Cerknica), Otoøki griœ, 548 m, 


- 2 Falter, Notranjska, Cerkniøko jezero, Otok (Cerknica), Tresenec, 550 m, 


- 2 Falter, Notranjska, Meniøija, Bezuljak, Senoæeti, 605 m, 23.7.2007, leg. 


- 2 Falter, Notranjska, Meniøija, Dobec, 677 m, 5.9.2008, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 



- 1 Falter, Notranjska, Slivnica, Cerknica, Velika Slivnica, vrh, JV travniki na 

vrhu, 1097 m, 22.6.2008, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 



- 1 Falter, Notranjska, Vrhnika, Zaplana (Vrhnika), 673 m, 11.8.2000, leg. Lasan, 

det. Gaedike; 

- 3 M, Notranjska, Vrhnika, Zaplana (Vrhnika), 673 m, 22.8.2003, leg. Lasan, 

det. Gaedike; 

- 3 M, Notranjska, Vrhnika, Zaplana (Vrhnika), 673 m, 7.7.2003, leg. Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Petrinjski Kras, 470 m, 21.6.1991, leg. 

Habeler, det. Habeler; 







- 3 Falter, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Slavnik, okolica koœe, 1120 m, 24.6.2006, leg. 


- 4 M, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Slavnik, pod vrhom, 1000 m, 21.6.2003, leg. 


- 1 Falter, Pohorje, Radlje ob Dravi, Hopfengarten, 370 m, 23.6.2002, leg. - 




116



obviella in Slowenien. 

- 1 M, Prekmurje, Dobrovnik, 174 m, 24.6.2004, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Dobrovnik, ob melioracijskem kanalu, 174 m, 14.7.2007, 




Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 


Habeler; 

- 4 Falter, Primorska, Komenski Kras, Lipa (Miren-Kostanjevica), proti Økrbini, 

369 m, 9.6.2008, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Primorska, Podgorski Kras, Movraæ pri Hrastovljah, Kraøki rob, 284 


- 1 Falter, Primorska, Podgorski Kras, Brkini, Kozina, Slavnik, pod Grmado, 879 

m, 25.6.2005, leg. Gomboc, Deutsch, det. Gaedike; 









- 2 Falter, Slovensko primorje, Sv. Peter pri Dragonji, 125 m, 27.5.1999, leg. 

Gomboc, Lasan, det. Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Økofjeloøko-Polhograjsko hribovje, Toøko œelo, 400 m, 21.8.2000, leg. 


117


- 1 M, Trnovski gozd, Hruøica, Nanos, juæna poboœja, 900 m, 900 m, 7.7.2000, 

leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Vipavska dolina, Gaberje pri Ajdovøœini, 320 m, 27.9.2000, leg. 


- 1 M, Vipavska dolina, Sv. Katarina, N.Gorica, 200 m, 3.7.1999, leg. Gomboc, 

det. Gomboc, Gaedike. 


Monopis crocicapitella (CLEMENS, 1859) - Erstfund 

[ = hyalinella STAUDINGER, 1870; = lombardica HERING, 1889; = ferruginella 

DYAR, 1902, nec HÜBNER, 1813; = cecconii TURATI, 1919; = dobrogica GEORGESCU, 

1964] 

Biologie: Larven in Vogelnestern, in Höhlen, an Wolle. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Aus Mittel- und Südeuropa nachgeweisen, außerhalb 

Europas aus Marokko, der Türkei und aus Japan nachgeweisen. 



det. Gaedike; 

- 1 W, Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljana, Beæigrad, 315 m, 313.1995, leg. Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 


Gaedike; 




- 1 W, Slovensko primorje, Strunjan, 3 m, 4.5.2000, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Slovensko primorje, Sv. Peter pri Dragonji, 125 m, 4.5.2000, leg. 

Gomboc, det. Gomboc. 

Monopis imella (HÜBNER, 1813) 

[ = nitidella ZAGULAJEV, 1960] 

Biologie: Larven in Vogelnestern, an verschiedenen pflanzlichen und tierischen 

Stoffen. 

Gesamtverbreitung: Fast aus der gesamten Paläarktis nachgewiesen. 


- 1 W, Gorenjska, Pøevo pri Kranju, 524 m, 21.6.2006, leg. Gomboc, det. Gaedike; 

- 2 M, Notranjska, Meniøija, Ivanje selo, Ivanjska reber, 580 m, 27.8.2007, leg. 


- 2 Falter, Notranjska, Meniøija, Padeæ (Vrhnika), Brejnice, 591 m, 31.7.2008, 

leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc. 

Mann (1854), Lesar & Govediœ (2010). 

Monopis monachella (HÜBNER, 1796) 

Biologie: Larven in Nestern verschiedener Vogelarten, in Säugetierbauten, an tierischen 

Stoffen (Haare, Felle), in Gewöllen. 

118


Gesamtverbreitung: Aus fast ganz Europa nachgewiesen, auf dem Balkan nur aus 

Bosnien/Herzegowina und aus Slowenien bekannt. 





- 6 Falter, Goriœko, Motvarjevci pri Kobilju, 212 m, 10.6.2000, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 

- 1 M, Gorjanci, Novomeøka dolina, Otoœec, 173 m, 9.8.2003, leg. Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 2 Falter, Krøko hribovje, Kostanjevica,sadovnjak, 190 m, 6.9.1994, leg. 






- 2 Falter, Ljubljanska kotlina, Grmez, Ljubljansko Bar, 320 m, 8.8.1999, leg. 


- 1 Falter, Ljubljanska kotlina, Grmez, Ljubljansko Bar, 320 m, 9.5.2003, leg. 


- 1 Falter, Ljubljanska kotlina, Kozlerjeva goøœa,Barje, 295 m, 4.5.1997, leg. 


- 2 Falter, Ljubljanska kotlina, Kozlerjeva goøœa,Barje, 295 m, 27.5.1997, leg. 


- 1 M, Ljubljanska kotlina, Ljubljansko Barje, 298 m, 1.6.1999, leg. Lasan, det. 

Gaedike; 

- 1 Falter, Notranjska, Cerkniøko jezero, Dolenje Jezero, 548 m, 10.7.2008, leg. 


- 1 Falter, Notranjska, Cerkniøko jezero, Otok (Cerknica), Tresenec, 550 m, 


- 1 M, Prekmurje, Dobrovnik, 200 m, 24.8.2004, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 








- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Dokleæovje, 184 m, 30.8.1993, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 2 Falter, Prekmurje, Dolina pri Lendavi, 200 m, 6.6.1998, leg. Gomboc, det. 

Gomboc; 




119



- 1 M, Prekmurje, Ganœani, 179 m, 26.6.2004, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 

- 1 Falter, Prekmurje, Mala Polana, 166 m, 22.5.1992, leg. Habeler & Fauster; 


Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 

- 2 Falter, Prekmurje, Murska øuma, 160 m, 24.7.1998, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 


Habeler; 



Gomboc; 


Gomboc; 

- 1 M, Prekmurje, Murska øuma, 160 m, 1.5.2003, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 2 Falter, Prekmurje, Nedelica, 170 m, 15.8.1997, leg. Gomboc, det. Gomboc; 

- 2 Falter, Primorska, Koprsko primorje, Koper/Capodistria, Srmin, trstiœje, 2 m, 


- 1 Falter, Primorska, Koprsko primorje, Koper/Capodistria, Srmin, trstiœje, 2 m, 



det. Gaedike; 


det. Gaedike; 


- 1 M, 1 F, Slovensko primorje, Seœovlje, 50 m, 6.9.2002, leg. Lasan, det. Gaedike; 



- 1 Falter, Vipavska dolina, Panovec pri Gorici, 150 m, 14.5.2000, leg. Gomboc, 

det. Gomboc. 

Lesar (2004), Lesar & Habeler (2005), Lesar & Govediœ (2010). 

120



monachella in Slowenien. 

Pelecystola fraudulentella (Zeller, 1852) 


Gesamtverbreitung: Bisher nur von drei Fundorten bekannt: Slowenien 

(Typenfundort „Laibach“ [= Ljubljana]), Schweden (Naturschutzgebiet Grytsjön 

(Lindeborg & Bengtsson, 2009)), Slowakei (Lehota (Gaedike & Tokár, 2010)). 

Bemerkung: Die neuen Funde wurden in ursprünglichen Wäldern gemacht, es 

wäre sehr interessant, ähnliche Biotope in Slowenien auf ein rezentes Vorkommen 

dieser Art zu prüfen. 

Psychoides verhuella BRUAND, 1853 

Biologie: Larve an verschiedenen Farnarten. 

Gesamtverbeitung: Aus zahlreichen Ländern Europas nachgewiesen. 

Sihe Lesar & Habeler (2005), Lesar & Govediœ (2010). 

Diskussion 

Diese Zusammenstellung über die Tineidae ist ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der slowenischen 

Kleinschmetterlinge. Es ist die erste zusammenfassende Übersicht für 

diese Familie für Slowenien, sie basiert auf überprüftem Material. Es sind nur die 

Arten genannt, von denen wir sichere Nachweise hatten – insgesamt 44 Arten. In der 

Checkliste von Mikrolepidoptera von Slowenien (Lesar & Govediœ, 2010) werden 

36 Arten genannt, in einer komplette Checliste von Slowenien die derzeit in 

Bearbeitung ist, werden bereits 57 Arten genannt. Es erscheint auf jeden Fall wichtig, 

die dort aufgeführten Arten, von denen hier keine Nachweise untersucht werden 

konnten, zu überprüfen, da zahlreiche Arten ohne Genitaluntersuchung nicht sicher 

determinierbar sind. Mit Sicherheit sind weitere Arten in Slowenien zu erwarten, in 

den Nachbarländern sind die Tineiden mit 70 (Österreich), 97 (Italien) und 57 

(Ungarn: (http://www.faunaeur.org/statistics.php)) Arten vertreten. 

Danksagung 

An diese Stelle möchten wir allen Kollegen, die uns Daten zu Verfügung gestellt 

haben, herzlich danken: Ernst Arenberger, Giorgio Baldizzone, Helmut Deutsch, 

Øtefan Galiœ, Heinz Habeler, Jan Carnelutti, Rupert Fauster, Jan Liøka, Æarko Vrezec 

121


und Davorin Vrhovnik. Wir danken auch Dr. Tomi Trillar vom Slowenischen 

Naturhistorischen Museum in Ljubljana, der uns das Material aus den 

Museumssammlungen zu Verfugung gestellt hat und Dr. Andrej Gogala für den 

Photo von Euplocamus anthracinalis. 

Zusammenfassung 

Der Beitrag stellt eine Zusammenstellung des bisher bekannten Wissens über die 

Tineiden Sloweniens dar. Es wurde umfangreiches Material untersucht, welches die 

Autoren sowie zahlreiche andere Sammler zusammengetragen haben. Insgesamt werden 

392 Funddaten von 125 Lokalitäten für 44 Arten slowenischer Tineiden aufgeführt. 

Auf die seit 1850 nicht wieder in Slowenien gefundene Pelecystola fraudulentella 

(Zeller, 1852) wird hingewiesen. Acht Arten sind neu für die slowenische Fauna: 

Nemapogon inconditella (Lucas, 1956), Nemapogon hungarica Gozmany, 1960, 

Nemapogon gliriella (Heyden, 1865), Agnathosia mendicella (Denis & Schiffermüller, 

1775), Reisserita relicinella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1853), Infurcitinea finalis Gozmany, 

1959, Tinea murariella Staudinger, 1859, Monopis crocicapitella (Clemens, 1859). 

Für jede Art werden Angaben zur Verbreitung und Ökologie gemacht. 

Abb. 10-17: Die zum ersten Mal in Slowenien nachgewiesene Arten: 10 - 

Nemapogon inconditella (Lucas, 1956); 11 - Nemapogon hungarica Gozmany, 

1960; 12 - Nemapogon gliriella (Heyden, 1865); 13 - Infurcitinea finalis Gozmany, 

1959; 14 - Agnathosia mendicella (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775); 15 - Reisserita 

relicinella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1853); 16 - Tinea murariella Staudinger, 1859; 17 - 

Monopis crocicapitella (Clemens, 1859). 

122


123


Abb. 18-25: Genitalien von: 18 - Nemapogon inconditella (Lucas, 1956); 19 - 

Nemapogon hungarica Gozmany, 1960; 20 - Nemapogon gliriella (Heyden, 1865); 

21 - Infurcitinea finalis Gozmany, 1959; 22 - Agnathosia mendicella (Denis & 

Schiffermüller, 1775); 23 - Reisserita relicinella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1853); 24 - 

Tinea murariella Staudinger, 1859; 25 - Monopis crocicapitella (Clemens, 1859). 

124


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Sloveniae 7(2): 3-127. 

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126


LJUBLJANA, DECEMBER 2010 Vol. 18, øt. 2: 127-136 

CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE SLOVENIAN 

ALTICINAE FAUNA (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) 

Zden,k MALINKA 1 , Petr ŒÍÆEK 2 , Alja PIRNAT 3 and Petr BOÆA 4 

1 

Sluneœní 17, 746 01 Opava, Czech Republic 

e-mail: zdenek.malinka@seznam.cz 

2 

Nádraæní 55, 564 01 Æamberk, Czech Republic 

3 

Groharjeva 18, 1241 Kamnik, Slovenia 

4 

Ludvíka Podéøt, 1856/38, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic 

Abstract – Additional informations on 48 species of Alticinae (Coleoptera: 

Chrysomelidae) and its localities in Slovenia are given as a follow-up to the first contribution 

of the Material for the beetle (Coleoptera) fauna in Slovenia. The recent 

occurrence of Longitarsus languidus Kutschera, 1863 in Slovenia and L. minusculus 

(Foudras, 1860) in west part of the country is confirmed. The second recent evidence 

of L. noricus Leonardi, 1976 and the third recent evidence of Apteropeda orbiculata 

(Marsham, 1802) in Slovenia are given. 

KEY WORDS: faunistics, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Alticinae, Longitarsus, Slovenia 

Izvleœek – PRISPEVEK K POZNAVANJU FAVNE BOLHAŒEV (COLEOPTE- 

RA: CHRYSOMELIDAE: ALTICINAE) SLOVENIJE 

V prispevku podajamo nove podatke o pojavljanju 48 vrst bolhaœev v Sloveniji 

kot dodatek Gradivu za favno hroøœev (Coleoptera) Slovenije. Potrdili smo pojavljanje 

vrste Longitarsus languidus Kutschera, 1863 v Sloveniji in L. minusculus 

(Foudras, 1860) v zahodnem delu dræave. Podajamo tudi drugi novejøi podatek za 

vrsto L. noricus Leonardi, 1976 in tretji za vrsto Apteropeda orbiculata (Marsham, 

1802) v Sloveniji. 

KLJUŒNE BESEDE: favna, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Alticinae, Longitarsus, Slovenija 

Introduction 

Overview information about Slovenian Alticinae is published in recent years in 

the work of Brelih et al. (2003) and Gruev (2002, 2003, 2005), and information 

127


regarding particular region in the work of Rak Cizej et al. (2001). Recent general 

information about Central European species and their presence in countries of 

Palaearctic region is given in publication of Œíæek & Doguet (2008) and Döberl 

(2010). The most detailed survey represents Material for the beetle (Coleoptera) 

fauna in Slovenia (Brelih et al. 2003), where exact informations about localities of 

the revised material can be found. 

Our paper is further contribution to the knowledge of the Slovenian Alticinae 

fauna and links up to the work of Brelih et al. (2003). For this we used identical 

abbreviations and identical form of the list of localities including UTM squares, 

areas, regions and subregions (Tab. 1). The number codes of the individual species 

are preserved and also number of collected specimens is presented. Data about zoogeographical 

characteristics of mentioned taxa are according to Gruev (2004a, b, c). 

On 24 localities, mostly different from localities presented in Brelih et al. (2003), 48 

species of Alticinae were collected in years 1994 – 2004. Notes on localities and 

biology of Longitarsus languidus Kutschera, 1863, L. minusculus (Foudras, 1860), 

and L. noricus Leonardi, 1976 are added. 

Abbreviations 

c – coll. d – det. l – leg. v – vid. sp – specimen(s) 

JBe – Jan Bezd,k, PBo - Petr Boæa, PŒi - Petr Œíæek, ZMa - Zden,k Malinka 

Table 1. List of localities 

Tabela 1. Seznam najdiøœ 

Locality UTM x-coordinate y-coordinate Altitude Area Region 1. 2. 3. 4. 

Bele Vode, near Mornova zijalka cave, Øoøtanj env. VM84 14°58 E 46°24 N 560 m Øtj. 1. 2. 3. 

Œaven, mountain cottage Na Œavnu, Trnovski gozd mts. VL18 13°51 E 45°55 N 1240 m Prm. 5B. 9. 

Foresters lodge, 1 km NNW of Jelenov studenec, Stojna mts., Koœevje env. VL85 14°50 E 45°38 N 900 m Dol. 5B. 3. 4. 

Kastelec, Kozina env. VL04 13°52 E 45°35 N 330 m Ist. 6. 4. 3. 

Krakovski gozd, near Sajevce, Kostanjevica na Krki env. WL37 13°26 E 45°52 N 150 m Dol. 4. 12. 

Kraple, Œreta mt. env., Dobrovlje mts. VM92 14°58 E 46°17 N 750-800 m Øtj. 2. 5. 

Krnica, Trnovski gozd mts. VM09 13°46 E 45°57 N 980 m Prm. 5B. 9. 

Letuø (near Golob) WM03 15°01 E 46°19 N 315 m Øtj. 2. 5. 

Ljubljana, centre of city VM60 14°30 E 46°03 N 290 m Lju. 3. 4. 4. 

Logar, Luœe ob Savinji VM83 14°44 E 46°21 N 530 m Øtj. 2.6. 

Loøki potok, Nova vas env. VL66 14°35 E 45°42 N 710 m Dol. 5B. 5. 

Ocizla (near Klanec), Kozina env. VL15 13°55 E 45°36 N 440 m Ist. 6. 4. 3. 

Petrinjski kras, Petrinje, Kozina env. VL14 13°54 E 45°34 N 450 m Ist. 6. 4. 3. 

Podklanec, Æiri env. VL39 14°07 E 46°01 N 500 m Gor. 2/5. 1. 

Poljane pri Podgradu env., Podgrajsko podolje VL24 14°06 E 45°32 N 580 m Ist. 6. 4. 1. 

Sela na Krasu UL97 13°38 E 45°50 N 230 m Prm. 6. 3. 

Selovec – Avøka gmajna, Trnovski gozd mts. VL08 13°49 E 45°56 N 1150 m Prm. 5B. 9. 

Seæana, 1,5 km NW VL16 13°52 E 45°43 N cca 400 m Prm. 6. 3. 

Sneænik mt., Ilirska Bistrica env. VL54 14°26 E 45°35 N 1200 – 1500 m Not. 5B. 8. 

Sveti Duh – Oløeva mt. slope, Karavanke mts. VM74 14°40 E 46°26 N 1100-1700 m Kor. 1. 2. 3. 

Sveti Jeronim, Vransko env., Dobrovlje mts. VM92 14°57 E 46°15 N 420 m Øtj. 2. 5. 

Sveti Urban, Dobrovlje mts. VM93 15°00 E 46°19 N 650 m Øtj. 2. 5. 

Veliki Dol, Komen env. VL06 13°46 E 45°46 N 220 m Prm. 6. 3. 

Zgornji Hotiœ, Litija env. VM80 14°49 E 46°05 N 280 m Gor. 2. 4. 

128

Z. Malinka, P. Œíæek, A. Pirnat, P. Boæa: Contribution to the knowledge of the Slovenian Alticinae Fauna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) 

List of records 

01.02. Phyllotreta vittula (L. Redtenbacher, 1849) 

Localities: 

Dolenjsko: Krakovski gozd, Sajevce, Kostanjevica na Krki env., 27.- 

28.6.2003 (2 sp), lcZMa dPŒi; Foresters lodge, Stojna mts., 900 m, Koœevje 

env., 15.-16.7.2000 (2 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

01.04. Phyllotreta nemorum (Linnaeus, 1758) 

Localities: 

Dolenjsko: Loøki potok, Nova vas env., 28.4.2002 (1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

01.05. Phyllotreta undulata (Kutschera, 1860) 

Localities: 

Gorenjsko: Podklanec, Æiri env., 27.10.2002 (1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

Dolenjsko: Loøki potok, Nova vas env., 28.4.2002 (1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

01.10. Phyllotreta ochripes (Curtis, 1837) 

Localities: 

Øtajersko: Letuø, Savinja riv. valley, 15.4.1994 (1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

01.11. Phyllotreta exclamationis (Thunberg, 1784) 

Localities: 


28.6.2003 (1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

01.20. Phyllotreta procera (L. Redtenbacher, 1849) 

Localities: 

Istra: Kastelec, Kozina env., 30.4.2002 (1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

02.09. Aphtona pygmaea Kutschera, 1861 

Localities: 

Primorsko: Sela na Krasu, 27.-28.10.2002 (3 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

Øtajersko: Sv. Urban, Dobrovlje mts., 13.5.1995 (1 sp), lcZMa dPBo. 

02.11. Aphtona venustula Kutschera, 1861 

Localities: 

Istra: Kastelec, Kozina env., 30.4.2002, in the evening (1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

Øtajersko: Sv. Urban, Dobrovlje mts., 13.5.1995 (6 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

02.12. Aphtona euphorbiae (Schrank, 1781) 

Localities: 

Dolenjsko: Foresters lodge, Stojna mts., Koœevje env., 15.-16.7.2000 (1 sp), 

lcZMa dPŒi. 

Commentary: 

The first published locality of this Euroasiatic (Palaearctic) element, 

polyphagous and eurytope species, in the region Dolenjsko. This is now the 

129


southernmost locality in Slovenia, distant from historical localities (Brelih et 

al. 2003). 

02.15. Aphtona semicyanea Allard, 1859 

Localities: 

Primorsko: Sela na Krasu, 27.-28.10.2002 (3 sp), 20.-22.6.2003 (1 sp), 

lcZMa dPŒi. 

02.17. Aphtona ovata Foudras, 1861 

Localities: 

Notrjansko: Sneænik mt., Ilirska Bistrica env., 28.4.2002 (1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

Commentary: 

Data represent recent confirmation of the occurrence of this Central 

European element, oligophagous and stenotope species, in the Sneænik mt. 

(see Müller, 1953). 

02.19. Aphtona atrovirens (Förster, 1849) 

Localities: 


Primorsko: Seæana, 1,5 km NW, 27.6.2001 (2 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

03.01. Longitarsus pellucidus (Foudras, 1860) 

Localities: 

Øtajersko: Kraple, Œreta mt. env., Dobrovlje mts., 14.10.1995 (1 sp), 

lcZMa, dPBo. 

03.05. Longitarsus succineus (Foudras, 1860) 

Localities: 

Primorsko: Krnica, Trnovski gozd mts., 6.-7.7.1999 (1 sp), lcZMa dPBo. 

03.06. Longitarsus noricus Leonardi, 1976 

Localities: 

Istra: Kastelec, Kozina env., 29.-30.10.2002 (1 sp), lcZMa dPBo. 

Commentary: 

Data represent the second recent evidence of this Central European element 

in Slovenia, the first evidence for the Istrian region. The locality is part of 

Kraøki rob named Spodnji Kras W and NW of Kastelec village, formed by 

E and NE hillside of hill Kras (346 m). Area is covered with typical steppe 

grassland, lined by thermophilous oak woods, and flat terrain depression 

with more rural character – pasture and small vineyards near the village. 

Type of locality is “Submediteranean-Illyrean pastures of the Karst Plateau” 

according to European Grasslands Report Nr. 5 (2003) and “Eastern submediterranean 

dry grasslands” according to Jogan et al. (2004). We didn’t 

controlled and recorded plants in this locality, but the nature of the locality 

corresponds with L. noricus characteristics – grassland specialist, eurytope 

and oligophagous species on Asteraceae. 

130


03.10. Longitarsus nigrofasciatus (Goeze, 1777) 

Localities: 

Øtajersko: Kraple, Œreta mt. env., Dobrovlje mts., 16.5.1995 (2 sp), lcZMa 

dPBo. 

03.16. Longitarsus helvolus Kutschera, 1864 

Localities: 

Primorsko: Sela na Krasu, 27.-28.10.2002 (1 sp), lcZMa dPBo. 

03.19. Longitarsus melanocephalus (De Geer, 1775) 

Localities: 


28.6.2003 (3 sp), lcZMa dPBo. 

03.28. Longitarsus pratensis (Panzer, 1794) 

Localities: 



28.6.2003 (1 sp), lcZMa dPBo. 

03.32. Longitarsus reichei (Allard, 1860) 

Localities: 


Gorenjsko: Zg. Hotiœ, Litija env., 4.-5.7.1999 (1 sp), lcZMa dPBo. 


28.6.2003 (5 sp), lcZMa dPBo. 

03.41. Longitarsus apicalis (Beck, 1817) 

Localities: 

Øtajersko: Sv. Jeronim, Vransko env., 17.4.1994 (1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

03.43. Longitarsus luridus (Scopoli, 1763) 

Localities: 

Istra: Kastelec, Kozina env., 30.4.2002 (2 ex.), 29.-30.10.2002 (1 sp) 

lcZMa dPŒi; Poljane env., Podgrajsko podolje, pitfall trap, 25.6.-31.10.2001 

(1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi 

Gorenjsko: Podklanec, Æiri env., 27.10.2002 (4+1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi dPBo. 


28.6.2003 (12+4 sp), lcZMa dPŒi dPBo. 

Øtajersko: Sv. Jeronim, Vransko env., 18.-19.5.1997 (1 sp), lcZMa dPBo. 

03.47. Longitarsus languidus Kutschera, 1863 

Localities: 

Primorsko: Seæana 1,5 km NW, 27.6.2001 (1 sp), lcZMa dPBo. 

Commentary: 

Data represent recent confirmation of this species (Central European element) 

in Slovenia. Finding site approves the occurrence in western part of 

131


Slovenia only from before 31.12.1950 (Brelih et al. 2003). In this work is 

one date of collection of this thermophile species – October 1930 in Plave 

(Primorsko). Gruev (2003) presented distribution in Slovenia (without any 

details), and in Croatia-Istria and North-East Italy. These areas are near 

here presented locality. Locality of collection is steppe hillside lined with 

deciduous trees. Type of locality is the same as described for L. noricus in 

general. Strejœek (1996) presented range of occurrence in Czech Republic 

(Pálava Biosphere Reserve of UNESCO, South Moravia) in grassy steppe 

in months of March and April and then in October. From this point of 

view is interesting the occurrence at the end of June. When collecting we 

didn’t control and record plants in this locality. The presence of Senecio 

jacobaea L. is very probable, as this type of locality, steppe hillside, 

agrees with the ecological requirements of the nutrient plant (Slavík & 

Øt,pánková 2004) of this monophagous and stenotope beetle species 

(Œíæek & Doguet 2008). 

03.48. Longitarsus minusculus (Foudras, 1860) 

Localities: 

Istra: Kastelec, Kozina env., 29.-30.10.2002 (5 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

Commentary: 

Data represent the third recent locality of this Central European element in 

Slovenia, first in western part of the country. It gives a confirmation of the 

formerly presented occurrence in the region Istra (before 1951, Brelih et al. 

2003, Müller 1953). The description of the locality is presented in 

“Commentary” by L. noricus. The nature of the locality corresponds with L. 

minusculus characteristics – steppe and forest steppe species, stenotope and 

oligophagous on Lamiaceae. 

03.50. Longitarsus linnaei (Duftschmidt, 1825) 

Localities: 

Istra: Ocizla, Kozina env., 1.5.2000 (1 sp) lcZMa dPŒi. 

03.52. Longitarsus niger (Koch, 1803) 

Localities: 


03.58. Longitarsus obliteratus (Rosenhauer, 1847) 

Localities: 

Primorsko: Sela na Krasu, 27.-28.10.2002 (1 sp), lcZMa dPBo. 

03.59. Longitarsus salviae Gruev, 1975 

Localities: 

Istra: Kastelec, Kozina env., 30.4.2002 (2 sp), 29.-30.10.2002 (1 sp) lcZMa 

dPBo; Petrinje, Petrinjski kras, Kozina env., 29.4.-1.5.2003 (2 sp), lcZMa 

dPBo. 

Primorsko: Seæana 1,5 km NW, 27.6.2001 (1 sp) lcZMa dPBo. 

132


04.06. Altica tamaricis (Schrank, 1785) 

Localities: 

Gorenjsko: Zgornji Hotiœ, Litija env., 4.-5.7.1999 (2 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

04.07. Altica oleracea (Linnaeus, 1758) 

Localities: 

Istra: Petrinjski kras, Petrinje env., 25.-27.6.2001 (1 sp), 29.4.-1.5.2003 (1 

sp), lcZMa dPŒi; Kastelec, Kozina env., 29.-30.10.2002 (1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

06.02. Batophila rubi (Paykull, 1799) 

Localities: 

Primorsko: Krnica, Trnovski gozd mts., 15.-17.5.1999 (2 sp), 6.-7.7.1999 

(1 sp.), lcZMa dPŒi; Selovec – Avøka Gmajna, Trnovski gozd mts., 7.- 

8.7.1999 (5 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

Koroøko: Sv. Duh – Oløeva mt. slope, Karavanke mts., 17.-18.5.1997 (1 

sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

08.05. Neocrepidodera ferruginea (Scopoli, 1763) 

Localities: 


Øtajersko: Sv. Urban, Dobrovlje mts., around sinkholes in forest, 

15.10.1994 (1 sp), lcZMa dPBo. 

08.07. Neocrepidodera femorata (Gyllenhal, 1813) 

Localities: 


lcZMa dPBo. 

09.01. Orestia alpina (Germar, 1824) 

Localities: 

Koroøko: Sv. Duh – Oløeva mt. slope, Karavanke mts., 14.5.1999 (1 sp), 

lcZMa dPBo. 

10.01. Derocrepis rufipes (Linnaeus, 1758) 

Localities: 

Istra: Kastelec, Kozina env., 30.4.2002, (1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi; Ocizla, Kozina 

env., 1.5.2000 (2 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

Primorsko: Selovec – Avøka Gmajna, Trnovski gozd mts., 7.-8.7.1999 (2 

sp), lcZMa dPBo. 

12.03. Crepidodera aurata (Marsham, 1802) 

Localities: 

Gorenjsko: Zgornji Hotiœ, Litija env., Sava riverside, 4.-5.7.1999 (2 sp), 

lcZMa dPŒi. 

Øtajersko: Kraple, Dobrovlje mts., 16.5.1995 (2 sp), lcZMa dPŒi; Sv. 

Urban, Dobrovlje mts., 14.5.1995 (1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi; Bele Vode, Øoøtanj 

env., 16.5.1997, (1 sp) lcZMa dPBo. 

133


12.04. Crepidodera plutus (Latreille, 1804) 

Localities: 


Commentary: 

Data represent the first locality of this rare, oligophagous and stenotope 

species (Euroasiatic Palaearctic element) in the region Gorenjsko. 

13.02. Epitrix pubescens (Koch, 1803) 

Localities: 

Primorsko: Veliki Dol, Komen env., 1.5.2002, (2 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 


14.03. Minota halmae (Apfelbeck, 1906) 

Localities: 


lcZMa dPBo. 

17.03. Chaetocnema semicoerulea (Koch, 1803) 

Localities: 

Gorenjsko: Zgornji Hotiœ, Litija env., Sava riverside, 4.-5.7.1999 (1 sp), 

lcZMa dPŒi. 

17.05. Chaetocnema picipes Stephens, 1831 

Localities: 


lcZMa dPŒi (determinated as Ch. laevicollis). 

17.08. Chaetocnema conducta (Motschulsky, 1838) 

Localities: 


28.6.2003 (3 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

17.15. Chaetocnema hortensis (Geoffroy, 1785) 

Localities: 

Ljubljana z okolico: Ljubljana, on walls in centre, 18.10.1998 (3 sp), 

lcZMa dPŒi. 

Dolenjsko: Loøki potok, Nova vas env., 28.4.2002 (2 sp), lcZMa dPŒi; 

Krakovski gozd, Sajevce, Kostanjevica na Krki env., 27.-28.6.2003 (1 sp), 

lcZMa dPŒi. 

18.01. Sphaeroderma testaceum (Fabricius, 1775) 

Localities: 

Primorsko: Œaven, Koœa na Œavnu, Trnovski gozd mts., 12.7.2000 (1 sp), 

lcZMa dJBe; Seæana, 1,5 km NW, 27.6.2001, (3 sp), lcZMa dJBe; Sela na 

Krasu, 29.-30.6.2002 (2 sp), lcZMa dJBe. 


28.6.2003 (4 sp), lcZMa dJBe. 

134


18.02. Sphaeroderma rubidum (Graells, 1853) 

Localities: 


3.7.2004 (1 sp), lcZMa dJBe. 

Øtajersko: Logar, Luœe ob Savinji, 16.5.1998 (1 sp), lcZMa dJBe. 

20.02. Apteropeda orbiculata (Marsham, 1802) 

Localities: 

Gorenjsko: Podklanec, Æiri env., 27.10.2002 (1 sp), lcZMa dPBo. 

Commentary: 

Data represent the third recent evidence of this European element in 

Slovenia, and the first recent evidence for the Gorenjsko region. 

23.02. Psylliodes (Psylliodes) affinis (Paykull, 1799) 

Localities: 

Øtajersko: Kraple, Dobrovlje mts., 14.10.1995 (1 sp), lcZMa dPŒi. 

23.07. Psylliodes (Psylliodes) napi (Fabricius, 1792) 

Localities: 


Øtajersko: Sv. Urban, Dobrovlje mts., 12.8.1995 (1 sp), Sv. Urban env., pitfall 

trap in front of Vraœka Zijalka cave, 12.8.-13.10.1995 (1 sp) lcZMa 

dPBo. 

Remark: The years of the taxon description were specified according to Döberl 

(2010) for Aphtona ovata and Longitarsus helvolus. 

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pomembnih negozdnih habitatnih tipov s pomoœjo razøirenosti znaœilnih rastlinskih 

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136



FIRST RECORD OF A SLAVE-MAKING ANT MYRMOXENUS 

GORDIAGINI RUZSKY, 1902 (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) 

IN SLOVENIA 

Gregor BRAŒKO 

University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Veœna pot 

111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; e-mail: gregor.bracko@bf.uni-lj.si 

Abstract - An active slave-making ant Myrmoxenus gordiagini Ruzsky, 1902 is 

recorded for the first time for Slovenia. The species was found on the Tinjan hill near 

Koper in two Temnothorax host colonies, most probably identical to T. lichtensteini 

sp. 2, in the years 2007 and 2009. This is the northernmost record of M. gordiagini 

in its southeast European part of the range. 

KEY WORDS: Myrmoxenus gordiagini, Formicidae, Slovenia, social parasitism 

Izvleœek - PRVA NAJDBA ZASUÆNJEVALSKE MRAVLJE MYRMOXENUS 

GORDIAGINI RUZSKY, 1902 (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) V SLOVENI- 

JI 

Aktivno zasuænjevalska mravlja vrste Myrmoxenus gordiagini Ruzsky, 1902 je 

bila prviœ zabeleæena v Sloveniji. Vrsta je bila najdena na Tinjanu pri Kopru v dveh 

gostiteljskih kolonijah rodu Temnothorax, verjetno identiœnih T. lichtensteini sp. 2, 

v letih 2007 in 2009. To je najsevernejøa najdba vrste M. gordiagini v njenem 

jugovzhodno evropskem delu areala. 

KLJUŒNE BESEDE: Myrmoxenus gordiagini, Formicidae, Slovenija, socialni parazitizem 

Introduction 

Social parasitism is a relatively common phenomenon among ants and can be 

expressed in many forms. The socially parasitic ant genus Myrmoxenus Ruzsky, 

1902 exhibits an evolutionary transition from active slave-making, like in M. ravouxi 

(André, 1896) or M. stumperi (Kutter, 1950), through degenerate slave-maker M. 

137


kraussei (Emery, 1915), where only a few workers are present and normally do not 

conduct slave-raids, to a completely workerless parasitic condition, like in M. adlerzi 

(Douwes, Jessen & Buschinger, 1988) or M. corsicus (Emery, 1895) (Buschinger 

1989). Furthermore, the species differ in mating behaviour, with a transition from 

nuptial flights to intranidal mating and continuous inbreeding. About 12 species of 

the genus Myrmoxenus are known and they all parasitize ants of the genus 

Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 (Buschinger 2009). The genus Myrmoxenus is distributed 

mostly in areas around the Mediterranean sea. Some species have larger ranges, like 

M. ravouxi which is distributed in southern and central Europe and also eastern 

Turkey and the Caucasus (Buschinger 1997, Schulz & Sanetra 2002). Some are 

known only from single localities, like M. bernardi (Espadaler, 1982) which was 

recorded only from the Sierra de Gredos in Spain (Tinaut et al. 2005), or M. birgitae 

(Schulz, 1994) known from Tenerife only (Schulz 1994). 

The species we report on in this contribution is M. gordiagini Ruzsky, 1902. It 

was described from Kokshetau in Akmola Province, northern Kazakhstan (Ruzsky 

1902). It was found also in Astrakhan Province in southwestern Russia (Radchenko 

pers. comm.), while all other records derive from southeastern Europe and Turkey. 

The species was reported from several localities along the eastern Adriatic coast of 

Croatia and Montenegro, that is from Momjan in Istria (Finzi 1924), near Dvigrad (= 

Dva grada) in Istria, NW of Baøka (Krk Island), S of Suha Punta (Rab Island) 

(Buschinger et al. 1983), Murvica near Zadar, Golubiå near Knin (Buschinger & 

Douwes 1993), near Kozica on NE slope of Biokovo Mountain (unpublished record, 

leg. S. Vít), and from Savina near Herceg Novi in Montenegro (Soudek 1925). It is 

known also from the vicinity of Cherven Bryag in Bulgaria, Perachora near 

Korinthos in Greece (Buschinger & Douwes 1993) and from few localities in 

western and central Turkey, i.e. W of Seydi∂ehir (Konya Province), NE of Ödemi∂ 

(√zmir Province), SE of Ürgüp (Neve∂ehir Province) and N of Akseki (Antalya 

Province) (Schulz & Sanetra 2002). The recent records from Turkey and southwestern 

Russia are of high importance as they fill in the geographical gap that existed 

previously between the distribution records in southeastern Europe and the 

Kazakhstan. 

M. gordiagini can be distinguished from all other species of the genus by having 

antennae with 12 segments (females) compared to the 11-segmented antennae in the 

rest. These were for many years classified in the separate genus Epimyrma Emery, 

1915, which was eventually synonymized with Myrmoxenus (Schulz & Sanetra 

2002). The biology of M. gordiagini was studied by Buschinger et al. (1983). The 

species is an active slave-maker. Young inseminated queen enters a host 

Temnothorax colony and kills its queen by throttling her. M. gordiagini workers conduct 

slave raids against neighbouring Temnothorax colonies with group recruitment 

and sting fighting, rob the brood and enslave the emerged Temnothorax workers. 

Colonies of M. gordiagini are monogynous and nuptial flights are present 

(Buschinger 1989). So far it was reported to parasitize five Temnothorax species. T. 

lichtensteini (Bondroit, 1918) was the host of M. gordiagini in Croatia, Montenegro 

and Bulgaria (Buschinger et al. 1983, Buschinger & Douwes 1993), T. graecus 

138

G. Braœko: First record of a slave-making ant Myrmoxenus gordiagini Ruzsky, 1902 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Slovenia 

(Forel, 1911) in Greece (Buschinger & Douwes 1993), T. korbi (Emery, 1924) and 

T. bulgaricus (Forel, 1892) were both reported as the hosts in Turkey (Schulz & 

Sanetra 2002), and T. serviculus (Ruzsky, 1902) in Kazakhstan (Ruzsky 1902). 

In Slovenia, two Myrmoxenus species have been recorded so far (Braœko 2007). 

M. ravouxi (= Epimyrma goesswaldi) was found near Økocjan (Buschinger et al. 

1981) and M. kraussei near Pivka (Collingwood pers. comm.). Here we give first 

report on occurrence of M. gordiagini, the third species of the genus found in 

Slovenia. 

Myrmoxenus gordiagini in Slovenia 

Within the past few years, the Tinjan hill, 8 km east of Koper, was visited on 

several occasions as part of the studies of the ant fauna of Submediterranean 

Slovenia. On 28th June 2007, a Temnothorax colony was also sampled. When checking 

the samples later in the laboratory, we discovered that besides Temnothorax 

workers also one dealate queen of M. gordiagini was present in the sampled colony. 

The host Temnothorax was identified to belong to the »T. lichtensteini/parvulus 

group« using the taxonomic key in Seifert (2007). The colony was found under a 

stone in thermophilous deciduous forest with Quercus pubescens and Fraxinus 

ornus. The site is located on the southwestern slope of the Tinjan hill at 325 m a.s.l., 

45° 33’ 35’’ N, 13° 49’ 54’’ E. Exactly after two years, on 28th June 2009, the same 

site was revisited and a colony of T. lichtensteini/parvulus with 1 dealate M. gordiagini 

queen and 9 Myrmoxenus workers was found again in a crevice of a stone. 

Colony was situated just few meters away from the place where M. gordiagini was 

collected two years before. The area of about 100 m² around these sites was investigated 

systematically for potential host colonies, mostly under stones and in the stone 

crevices. Twenty colonies of the T. lichtensteini/parvulus group, identified as T. lichtensteini 

sp. 2, were found but none contained M. gordiagini. 

Discussion 

The new record of M. gordiagini on the Tinjan hill in southwestern 

Submediterranean Slovenia represents the northernmost known locality of the species 

in southeast European part of its distribution (Fig. 1). The occurrence of M. gordiagini 

on Tinjan hill is not surprising, as it is only 15 km northeast of Momjan in 

Croatian part of Istria, where the species was reported from by Finzi (1924). Both 

localities are situated at about the same altitude on flysch bedrock. It seems that the 

Tinjan hill slope that is exposed southwest offers suitable living conditions for M. 

gordiagini and its host species. The two colonies we have found in deciduous forest 

under a stone and in a stone crevice were found in similar habitat and nest sites as 

the records from Croatia reported by Buschinger et al. (1983). These Croatian colonies 

were situated in shady places in deciduous forest or in the underbrush, underneath 

small, flat stones or in crevices between such stones. Similar habitat was also 

mentioned by Soudek (1925) for the record from Montenegro. An important charac- 

139


teristic of the investigated forest of the Tinjan hill is its ground with many flat, stratified 

stones, having many crevices representing potential nest sites for M. gordiagini 

and its hosts. So even though only one M. gordiagini colony was found during the 

inspection in 2009, it can be assumed that the local habitat is favourable for this species 

and that more colonies could be present there. Generally, nests of parasitic species 

rarely occur in isolation, so if one has been detected then more colonies could 

be expected in the vicinity (Buschinger 1997). M. gordiagini is probably present in 

similar habitats in the nearby areas, including the neighbouring Italy (Trieste region), 

where it has not been registered yet (Rigato pers. comm.). 

The record from Slovenia can be treated as a part of the southeastern European 

part of the distribution area of M. gordiagini, which extends from Istria towards the 

southern Balkans (Greece and Bulgaria). Along the eastern coast of the Adriatic, this 

species is expected to be more common than could be concluded from known localities. 

In this kind of parasitic species, it is usual that they are found in more or less 

isolated patches within the range of their hosts and these patches are often characterized 

by particularly high densities of the host species (Buschinger 2009). 

The host of M. gordiagini colonies in Croatia, Montenegro and Bulgaria, as 

reported by Buschinger et al. (1983) and Buschinger & Douwes (1993), was T. lichtensteini. 

In the laboratory experiments it was shown that M. gordiagini queens were 

all killed when they were placed together with the colonies of T. parvulus (Schenck, 

1852) (Buschinger et al. 1983). However, the real identity of these two mentioned 

Temnothorax species can be put into question after taxonomic changes introduced by 

Seifert (2007). In his taxonomic key, other characters than in older literature are used 

to distinguish between three very similar species, i.e. T. parvulus, T. lichtensteini and 

still undescribed T. lichtensteini sp. 2, which are indicated here as the »T. lichtensteini/parvulus 

group«. It is relatively difficult to distinguish between these three 

species if only workers are available, but more clear separation is apparent in queens. 

Since in both parasitized colonies from Tinjan Temnothorax queens were not present 

(they were eliminated by Myrmoxenus queen), clear identification of the host colonies 

was not possible, although workers showed to be closer to T. lichtensteini or T. 

lichtensteini sp. 2. Nevertheless, in our case it can be assumed that T. lichtensteini 

sp. 2 is the host species of M. gordiagini. Of the two species, T. lichtensteini and T. 

lichtensteini sp. 2, to which our two host colonies are more alike, the first one can 

most likely be excluded. According to Seifert (2007) this species is distributed in 

southwestern Europe, while T. lichtensteini sp. 2 is distributed in southeastern 

Europe up to southern Austria. Moreover, the other colonies of the T. lichtensteini/parvulus 

group that were found on the Tinjan hill in 2009 could be identified as 

T. lichtensteini sp. 2, since in these colonies also the queens were available for identification. 

If T. lichtensteini sp. 2 is accepted as valid species, then it should be treated 

as the host species for all previously reported M. gordiagini records from southeastern 

Europe with T. lichtensteini listed as the host. 

The composition of the M. gordiagini colony collected in the end of June 2009 (1 

dealate queen and 9 workers) indicates the colony was probably founded in previous 

year. As observed by Buschinger et al. (1983), M. gordiagini queen enters a host spe- 

140

G. Braœko: First record of a slave-making ant Myrmoxenus gordiagini Ruzsky, 1902 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Slovenia 

cies colony in late summer. In those Myrmoxenus species that make nuptial flights, 

colony foundation occurs in summer or fall and only a few workers are produced in 

the first year after colony foundation (Buschinger 1989). The number of M. gordiagini 

workers in mature colonies can be up to 40 (Buschinger et al. 1983), therefore 

the colony we found in 2009 was still in its early stage. The same may be concluded 

also for the colony from the end of June 2007. The reason for the lack of M. gordiagini 

workers in 2007 could be that they were missed during collecting. 

In future studies it would be useful to study more in detail the composition and 

life history of the local population of M. gordiagini on the Tinjan hill. We should 

carefully investigate also nearby areas, where additional records of this interesting 

species could be expected. 


I kindly thank Alexander Radchenko, Fabrizio Rigato and Cedric Collingwood 

for useful information. I am grateful to Peter Hlaváœ and Stanislav Vít for the loan 

of ant material from Biokovo. 

Fig. 1: Known distribution of Myrmoxenus gordiagini. The new locality in 

Slovenia is marked with a star. 

141


References 

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genus Epimyrma (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 

2: 265-283. 

Buschinger, A., 1997: Socially parasitic formicoxenine ants from Western Europe – 

a review (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Proceedings of the International 

Colloquia on Social Insects, St. Petersburg, 3-4: 1-9. 

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Buschinger, A., Ehrhardt, W., Fischer, K., 1981: Doronomyrmex pacis, 

Epimyrma stumperi und E. goesswaldi (Hym., Formicidae) neu fur Frankreich. 

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Ruzsky, a slave-making ant (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Psyche, 90 (4): 

335-342. 

Finzi, B., 1924: Secondo contributo alla conoscenza della fauna mirmecologica della 

Venezia Giulia. Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 56 (8): 120- 

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Ruzsky, M., 1902: Neue Ameisen aus Russland. Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung 

für Systematik, Ökologie und Geographie der Tiere, 17: 469-484. 

Schulz, A., 1994: Epimyrma birgitae nova species, eine sozialparasitische 

Ameisenart (Hym.: Formicidae) auf Teneriffa (Kanarische Inseln, Spanien). 

Beiträge zur Entomologie, 44 (2): 431-440. 

Schulz, A., Sanetra, M., 2002: Notes on the socially parasitic ants of Turkey and the 

synonymy of Epimyrma (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Entomofauna, 23 (14): 

157-172. 

Seifert, B., 2007: Die Ameisen Mittel- und Nordeuropas. Lutra Verlags- und 

Vertriebsgesellschaft, Görlitz/Tauer, 368 pp. 

Soudek, S., 1925: Four new European ants. Entomologist’s Record, 37 (3): 33-37. 

Tinaut, A., Ruano, F., Martínez, M.D., 2005: Biology, distribution and taxonomic 

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Myrmicinae). Sociobiology, 46 (3): 449-489. 


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NEW DATA ABOUT THE DISTRIBUTION AND ALTITUDINAL SPAN OF 

THE DALMATIAN RINGLET, PROTEREBIA AFRA DALMATA 

(GODART, [1824]) (LEPIDOPTERA: SATYRINAE) IN CROATIA 

Toni KOREN 1 , Ivona BURIÅ 2 , Ana ØTIH 3 , Valerija ZAKØEK 4 & Rudi VEROVNIK 4 

1 

Vela Traba 5, 52000 Pazin, Croatia; e-mail: koren.toni1@gmail.com 

²Sinokoøe 11, 21215 Kaøtel Lukøiå, Croatia 

3 

Matije Divkoviåa 7, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia 

4 

University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, 

Veœna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana 

Abstract - During the survey of butterfly fauna of Dalmatian mountains in the last 

years, Proterebia afra dalmata (Godart, 1824) was found on several new sites, 

including the first records of this subspecies at higher altitudes (Poøtak, Svilaja, 

Promina, Kameønica and Dinara Mts.). In this paper we present a much more complete 

picture of the distribution of this presumably rare butterfly and discuss its altitudinal 

distribution. The species was found at altitude of almost 1500 m, therefore 

the characterization of the subspecies as a lowland butterfly can be dismissed. 

KEY WORDS: Proterebia afra dalmata, Dalmatia, distribution, altitudinal span 

Izvleœek – NOVI PODATKI O RAZØIRJENOSTI IN RAZPONU NADMORSKIH 

VIØIN POJAVLJANJA DALMATINSKEGA RJAVŒKA, PROTEREBIA AFRA 

DALMATA (GODART, [1824]) (LEPIDOPTERA: SATYRINAE) NA 

HRVAØKEM 

Med raziskavami favne metuljev dalmatinskih hribov v zadnjih letih smo vrsto 

Proterebia afra dalmata (Godart, 1824) naøli na veœ novih lokalitetah, vkljuœno s 

prvimi najdbami te podvrste na viøjih nadmorskih viøinah (gore Poøtak, Svilaja, 

Promina, Kameønica in Dinara). V œlanku predstavljamo veliko popolnejøo sliko 

razøirjenosti tega domnevno redkega metulja in razpravljamo o njegovi viøinski 

razøirjenosti. Vrsto smo naøli na skoraj 1500 m viøine, zato moramo zavreœi opredelitev 

vrste kot niæinske. 

KLJUŒNE BESEDE: Proterebia afra dalmata, Dalmacija, razøirjenost, viøinski razpon 

143


Introduction 

The genus Proterebia is monotypic with the distribution in Europe restricted to 

Greece (subspecies Proterebia afra pyramus de Louker & Dils, 1987), Russia south 

of the Urals (nominate subspecies), Crimea in Ukraine (subspecies Proterebia afra 

krymaea (Sheluzhko, 1929)) and Croatia (subspecies Proterebia afra dalmata 

(Godart, 1824)) (Tolman & Lewington 2008, Tshikolovets 2003). 

P. afra dalmata is one of a few butterfly subspecies endemic to Croatia aside 

from Erebia stirius kleki Lorkoviå, 1955, E. stirius gorana Lorkoviå, 1985 and E. 

gorge vagana Lorkoviå, 1955. Until 20 years ago its distribution in Croatia was very 

poorly known with records only from the surroundings of Zadar, Øibenik, Knin 

(Godart 1824; Stauder 1919–1927; Hafner 1994), and unknown locality on Korœula 

Island (Jakøiå 1993). Over the past 10 years a lot of new data about the distribution 

of this species was published (Œelik et al. 2005; Mihoci & Øaøiå 2005, Zakøek, 2005; 

Mihoci & Øaøiå 2007) and eliminated many distribution gaps and expanded its 

known range from the Pag Island in the northwest to Biokovo Mts. in the South. 

Dalmatian Ringlet flies from April to May in one generation (Tolman & 

Lewington 2008). P. afra dalmata is present predominantly in the Sub- 

Mediterranean region (with the exception of the unconfirmed record from the island 

of Korœula) (MIHOCI & ØAØIÅ, 2005). According to Horvatiå (1971) the whole zone 

is characterized by unique climazonal vegetation of the association of Querco- 

Carpinetum orientalis croaticum. Continental habitats of this species include overgrown 

submediterranean grassland community Festuco-Koelerietum splendentis or 

its progressive early succession stage with Juniperus oxycedrus on abandoned pastures 

(Œelik et al., 2005). 

While the Greek endemic subspecies P. afra pyramus is known to fly in the 

mountains ranging from an altitude of 600 m a.s.l. up to 1250 m a.s.l. (De Louker & 

Dils 1987; Abadijev 2002, Tolman & Lewington 2008) the Croatian subspecies, P. 

afra dalmata was believed to be confined to lower altitudes between 150 and 550 m 

a.s.l. (Tolman & Lewington 2008). According to Mihoci & Øaøiå (2005, 2007) the 

species flies up to 700 m a.s.l. (Donji Stublac, Biokovo Nature Park) and was found 

also almost at the sea level on island Pag (Zakøek 2005). Nevertheless the true altitudinal 

range of this subspecies was never a target to any systematic survey. 

During the surveys of butterfly fauna of Dalmatia from 2005 onwards and targeted 

surveys of the Dalmatian mountains (Poøtak, Prezid, Svilaja, Kameønica, Dinara, 

Promina) in April and May 2010 P. afra dalmata was found on several new localities, 

including the first records of the subspecies at higher altitudes. In this paper we 

present new records of P. afra dalmata in Croatia and discuss conservation status, 

habitat preferences and altitudinal distribution of this subspecies. 

Materials and methods 

From the year 2005 onwards P. afra dalmata was found on 78 more or less distinct 

localities in central Dalmatia (Tab. 1, Fig. 1). Majority of these finds are from 

144

T. Koren, I. Buriå, A. Øtih, V. Zakøek, R. Verovnik: New data about the distribution and altitudinal span of the Dalmatian ringlet 

new localities, only a few are confirmations of the known sites like the record from 

Vrelo Zrmanje, where it was found by Mihoci & Øaøiå (2007). 

Specimens were caught by an entomological net, determined using Tolman & 

Lewington (2008) field guide, photographed and released on the same spot. 

Systematic follows Fauna Europaea (http://www.faunaeur.org/). For all known localities 

from the literature, an approximate altitude was determined using Google Earth 

tools, while for the new localities the altitude was determined using Garmin e- Trex 

vista GPS device. 

Results 

During surveys in the last years in central Dalmatia, P. afra dalmata was found 

on more than 60 new sites including the first records from five separate mountains: 

Poøtak, Svilaja, Promina, Kameønica and Dinara. 

Additional records come from the Island of Pag, where the species seems to be 

widespread in open stony pastures from Novalja in the north to Povljan in the south. 

Despite similar suitable habitats on the mainland just south of the island and on nearby 

Vir Island, the species was not found there (Verovnik R., pers. observ.). Further 

southeast the butterfly is again common around Obrovac and further inland along 

Zrmanja and Krupa River valleys with isolated occurrence in Kariønica valley to the 

west. In this region the species was often observed in more humid habitats, on meadows 

along rivers, however the densities were mostly low, possibly indicating that 

these habitats are utilized by the species for occasional nectaring. 

One of the main centers of the distribution of P. afra dalmata is the region SE of 

Zadar, around Benkovac, stretching as far south as hinterland of Øibenik. In this 

region the species was present almost in all suitable habitats, sometimes even entering 

the gardens in villages. Additional records confirm its contiguous presence also 

further south, especially around Primorski Dolac and as far as the slopes above Split 

and Trogir. The butterfly was particularly abundant on the ridge at Miljaœka pass on 

28.4.2007. Its distribution is probably more contiguous also further inland towards 

Drniø, another center of the distribution of the species. 

However, the most prominent new findings are from the mountain ranges in 

Dalmatia which are presented in more detail: 

1. Svilaja is a mountain in Dalmatinska Zagora, parallel with the higher northern 

mountain range Dinara - Troglav. The highest peak of Svilaja is Bat (1508 m a.s.l.) 

(Poljak 2007). The large part of Svilaja, between Vrlika and Siveriå is still covered 

with land-mines, so only some lower parts of the mountain are accessible and safe. 

On Svilaja, only a few specimens of P. afra dalmata were observed close to the main 

road at altitudes between 1050 and 1075 m. Butterflies were flying in typical habitat, 

on dry, grassy, sparsely bushy slopes partially covered with Juniperus bushes (Œelik 

et al. 2005) and were observed feeding on Thymus sp. and Globularia sp. plants. 

2. Poøtak is a mountain located south-east of Graœac. Its highest peak is Kuœina 

Kosa (1441 m a.s.l.) (Poljak 2007). On Mt. Poøtak P. afra dalmata was found near 

the highest peak at 1425 m a.s.l. and at the southern slopes at 1320 m a.s.l. Only few 

145


specimens of P. afra dalmata were observed flying, but that could be attributed to 

the cloudy weather. 

3. The Mt. Vela Promina is located west of Drniø. Unfortunately most of it is still covered 

with land-mines, so the only safe places to visit are the road to the peak and a small 

fenced area at the peak of Vela Promina, Œavinica. On Vela Promina P. afra dalmata 

was found near the road to the peak, on rocky slope covered with Juniperus bushes and 

on the peak itself, at 1148m. Only few specimens were observed on both locations. 

4. The Dinara Mountain, with its peak Sinjal (1831 m a.s.l.), is the highest mountain 

in Croatia (Poljak 2007). It stretches from the northwest to southeast, between the 

Cetina River and Livanjsko polje. The southeastern part of the Dinara mountain range 

touches the Kameønica Mountain. On Dinara P. afra dalmata was recorded in a continuous 

row of locations from the mountain hut Glavaø (561 m a.s.l.) to Martinova 

Koøara (1300 m a.s.l). It is interesting to note that P. afra dalmata was very abundant 

here and could be considered as a dominant species in suitable habitats. Due to bad 

weather conditions higher altitudes on the Dinara Mountain were not visited. 

5. Mt. Kameønica is located on the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina, northeast 

of Sinj. P. afra dalmata was recorded at three locations on the S side of the 

mountain at altitudes ranging from 780 to 1350 m a.s.l. in typical stony habitat. 

Discussion 

The new observations of P. afra dalmata fill many distribution gaps and possibly 

show the main shape of the area of its distribution in Croatia. The only prominent 

outlier, the record for Korœula Island without exact locality (Jakøiå 1993), still 

remains to be confirmed. However, there are hardly any suitable habitats present on 

that island therefore the survey of the open stony areas along the main ridge of 

Peljeøac Peninsula could prove much more rewarding. One of the unconfirmed localities 

remains Zadar, however this record could have been just a generalization of a 

find in a wide surrounding of the town (even as distanced as Benkovac region) or a 

genuine record from a site where the suitable habitats are now overgrown or 

destroyed by infrastructure. All other literature records are more or less in the vicinity 

of recent finds and well within the known distribution range (Fig. 1). 

Recent finds only marginally extend the known range of the species further southeast 

to Æupa and northwest on the Pag Island. Within the range the species is much 

more common and widespread as it was previously believed. So far the species has 

been recorded from more than 60 discrete sites excluding old records without information 

on exact locality. The main centers of distribution are around the Zrmanja 

River, region between Benkovac and Øibenik, and hills north of Split. The most 

prominent new records are from the mountains in the hinterland of Dalmatia where 

the species was found at higher altitudes than previously recorded. 

The altitudinal span (Fig. 2) of the species is now much expanded with records 

above 1400 m. Occurrence of the species at such altitudes has for now been known 

only from Turkey (Hesselbarth et al. 1995) and its range in Central Asia (Tuzov et al. 

1996), but also in Greece the records at altitudes of 1250 m (De Louker & Dils 1987) 

146


Fig. 1. Distribution of Dalmatian 

Ringlet (P. afra dalmata) in Croatia. 

Grey spots represent old records, black 

spots represent new ones. 

Fig. 2. Number of records of 

Dalmatian Ringlet (P. afra dalmata) in 

each of the altitudinal class (divided into 

100 m intervals for convenience). 

are of similar range. Currently the upper 

bound of the species in Croatia is at the 

peak of Mt. Poøtak (1426 m a.s.l.); however 

its upper limit on Mt. Dinara was not 

explored and, given the suitable habitat, 

could be much higher. The majority of the 

records however are from lower altitudes, 

especially between 0 and 400 m. This can 

be easily explained by the fact that all but 

a few main distribution centers of the 

species are near the coast. This does not 

indicate the colline nature of P. afra dalmata, 

as the suitability of the habitat is 

possibly the only limiting factor of the distribution 

of the species. The distribution of 

the potentially suitable habitat which 

extends along the Adriatic coast and enters 

the Dalmatian mountains (Horvatiå, 1971) 

is however much wider and additional surveys 

of suitable habitats elsewhere are 

much needed. 

The habitats of the species observed 

during the field work varied between 

almost completely barren pastures on the 

Island of Pag, to almost entirely overgrown 

grasslands in the hinterland between 

Benkovac and Øibenik. Additionally, the 

species was found on montane grasslands 

and utilizing wet, flower rich meadows for 

nectaring. Despite this variability of habitats 

we fear that continuation of abandonment, 

resulting in conversion of grasslands 

into woods, could cause large scale local 

extinctions and thus contraction of the subspecies 

range. Such processes were clearly 

visible during the surveys with low species abundances at sites with more advanced 

bush coverage. 

New records clearly indicate how little we really know about the ecology of P. 

afra dalmata and how much we still have to learn. The large number of new records 

is also a good indication of the lack of systematic surveys due to limited number of 

researches and lack of funding. After “Distribution maps of the butterflies of 

Yugoslavia” (Jakøiå 1988) no real effort was done to map the butterflies of Croatia, 

and produce a correct and modern distribution atlas of Croatian butterflies, so the 

distribution of most species in Croatia is still poorly known. Therefore we hope to 

147


trigger further research on the Dalmatian Ringlet and more generally, a concerted 

effort of mapping of butterfly distribution in Croatia. 

Table 1. New records of the Dalmatian Ringlet (Proterebia afra dalmata) in 

Croatia. Localities are sorted in descending order from the highest a.s.l. to the lowest. 

Locality Coordinates Alt. (m) Date Observer(s) 

Poøtak, Kuœina Kosa 44°15’18.67”N 16°06’42.93”E 1441 May 19th, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

Kameønica, Me ugorje 43°41’58.44”N 16°52’11.15”E 1350 May 24th, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

Dinara, Martinova kosara 44°02’20.72”N 16°24’39.04”E 1300 May 25th, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

Dinara, above Glavaø 44°02’12.97”N 16°24’53.41”E 1175 May 26th, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

Velika Promina, Cavinica 43°55’27.49”N 16°10’12.13”E 1148 May 23rd, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 


Kameønica, near the white road 43°42’26.36”N 16°51’15.01”E 1085 May 24th, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

Svilaja, above the main road 43°51’27.89”N 16°23’59.95”E 1075 May 20th, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 



Kameønica, Korita 43°42’26.42”N 16°48’24.68”E 780 May 24th, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

S slopes N from village Æupa, Zagvozd 43°20’15.10”N 17°07’01.30”E 758 April 3rd, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

Vrelo Zrmanje, near Marœetiåi 44°13’58.74”N 16°04’10.60”E 722 May 1st, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

Above village Otriå 44°15’43.51”N 16°02’42.51”E 720 May 25th, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

Dinara, Glavaø 44°00’33.88”N 16°25’01.65”E 561 May 26th, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

S of Dreænica, Mirloviå polje, Drniø 43°48’45.80”N 16°21’48.00”E 552 May 2nd, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

N from village Svaguøe, Zagvozd, Grabovac 43°25’06.70”N 17°01’21.70”E 485 April 30th, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

E from village Miliåi, Lovrinœeviåi, Zagvozd 43°22’57.90”N 17°04’21.00”E 473 April 30th, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

Split, Gornje Kelami, on the pass north of the village east of Mt. Biluø 43°37’54.08”N 16°20’21.04”E 459 April 28th, 2007 Verovnik, R. 

W from G. Buljani, D. Biteliå, Hrvace, Sinj 43°47’46.80”N 16°35’50.70”E 431 April 29th, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

W of Janjiåi, Mirloviå polje, Drniø 43°48’26.30”N 16°20’40.80”E 406 May 2nd, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

NW from spring M. Rumin, Rumin, Hrvace, Sinj 4°46’56.90”N 16°39’06.20”E 393 April 29th, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

W of hill Lisnica, Sirovice, Drniø 43°50’47.30”N 16°09’06.30”E 383 May 2nd, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

SW of G. Planjane, Uneøiå, Drniø 43°44’44.80”N 16°11’43.80”E 359 May 2nd, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

SE of village Parati, D. Planjane, Drniø 43°46’54.30”N 16°10’03.30”E 340 May 2nd, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

Ravni Golubiåi, near the pond 44°11’47.40”N 15°49’25.03”E 340 May 6th, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

Beneth Zrmanja village 44°09’45.71”N 16°03’25.49”E 320 May 1st, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

Trogir, Prgomet, carstic platoe Muøe on a small road from E side 43°36’12.55”N 16°13’13.78”E 312 April 28th, 2007 Verovnik, R. 

Vrelo Zrmanje, Bogunoviåi 44°12’12.31”N 16°04’19.08”E 303 May 4th, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

Golubiåi, close to the Mt. Prezid 44°06’19.68”N 16°12’51.58”E 298 April 30th, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

W of hill Bruønjak, Viøiåi, Sitno Donje, Primorski Dolac 43°41’14.50”N 16°09’44.80”E 288 May 2nd, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

Mokro polje 44°03’29.07”N 16°02’34.51”E 286 May 1st, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

W from Dirliåi, Radoøiå, Trogir 43°36’40.90”N 16°16’27.80”E 280 May 2nd, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

Kaøtel, Kozjak, on a small side road westwards to spring Œeømenovac 43°34’37.10”N 16°19’26.55”E 257 April 28th, 2007 Verovnik, R. 

E of hill Vrljica, Bakoviåi, Primorski Dolac 43°39’11.20”N 16°12’07.90”E 235 May 2nd, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

Split, Radoøiå, along the road N of the crossroads 43°36’27.83”N 16°19’44.35”E 234 April 28th, 2007 Verovnik, R. 

S of hill Mrœelin umac, Sitno Donje, Primorski Dolac 43°41’48.20”N 16°09’22.70”E 227 May 2nd, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

Øibenik, Danilo, western part of the hill Baljœuøa 43°43’39.21”N 15°59’06.83”E 223 April 28th, 2007 Verovnik, R. 

SE of Goriø, Konjevrate, Drniø 43°47’37.50”N 16°01’54.50”E 220 May 2nd, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

Kaøtel, Rudine, small valley with a road to Opor north of railroad 43°34’18.73”N 16°18’19.97”E 202 April 28th, 2007 Verovnik, R. 

W from hill Vijenac, Nadin, Benkovac 44°07’55.56”N 15°51’79.72”E 202 April 30th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

Primorski Dolac, Trolokve, on the platoe west of the village 43°37’55.90”N 16°14’30.12”E 192 April 28th, 2007 Verovnik, R. 

SW from village Mikuliåi, Benkovac 44°01’19.80”N 15°35’42.20”E 176 April 30th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

Hills Kozarica and Kaøtelina, Kaøiå, Pirovac 43°52’07.90”N 15°40’02.60”E 161 May 1st, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

N from village Raøteviå, Polaœa, Benkovac 44°03’01.00”N 15°31’58.90”E 156 April 30th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

SW of Gulin, Bilice, Øibenik 43°46’31.70”N 15°57’40.70”E 154 May 2nd, 2007 Zakøek, V. 

Obrovac, in the village Bogatnik at Øukare 44°09’43.85”N 15°49’13.01”E 153 March 3rd, 2008 Verovnik, R. 

W from hill V. Umac, Crljenik, Pirovac 43°52’48.70”N 15°40’54.60”E 151 May 1st, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

Krupa spring, close to the road 44°11’46.67”N 15°54’35.14”E 143 April 30th, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

148


Locality Coordinates Alt. (m) Date Observer(s) 

NW from village Begoviåi, Benovac 44°02’26.80”N 15°32’48.00”E 142 April 30th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

Paniåi, near the road to vrelo Krupe 44°10’46.45”N 15°49’18.04”E 133 May 2nd, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

Obrovac, along the road S of the town on the plateau 44°11’41.90”N 15°40’26.09”E 132 March 3rd, 2008 Verovnik, R. 

W of village Gornja Jagodnja, Polaœa, Benkovac 44°00’52.00”N 15°32’00.32”E 129 April 30th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

SW from Komorovac, Novalja, Island of Pag 44°34’00.00”N 14°55’55.10”E 127 April 28th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

W of Donje Miranje, Vrana, Pakoøtane 43°58’50.70”N 15°34’59.70”E 126 April 30th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

Hills Stubica and Draønjak, Œubriåi, Pirovac 43°51’23.40”N 15°41’28.30”E 124 May 1st, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

Sekuliåi, behind the cemetery 44°13’04.57”N 15°44’40.41”E 120 May 3rd, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

W from village Zapuæane, Benkovac 44°00’55.50”N 15°33’43.00”E 118 April 30th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

E from village Ivkoviåi, Nadin, Økabrnja, Benkovac 44°04’46.30”N 15°46’30.15”E 116 April 30th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

Obrovac, Krupa gorge, 2 km SE of the Krupa Monastery 44°11’25.62”N 15°52’28.34”E 115 March 3rd, 2008 Verovnik, R. 

S from village Œubriåi, Pirovac 43°51’30.00”N 15°42’00.40”E 114 May 1st, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

Obrovac, along the road 0,5 km N of the turn for village Ribnica 44°10’48.01”N 15°37’02.61”E 111 March 3rd, 2008 Verovnik, R. 

Obrovac, Krupa, grasslands SE of the Krupa Monastery 44°11’32.36”N 15°53’09.82”E 103 March 3rd, 2008 Verovnik, R. 

E of village Raænjeviåi, Polaœa, Benkovac 44°01’10.10”N 15°31’21.80”E 101 April 30th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

Manastir, close to river Krupa 44°11’26.33”N 15°53’00.17”E 101 May 2nd, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

Pastures between Kolansko blato and Kolan, Novalja, Island of Pag 44°29’57.70”N 14°56’20.50”E 84 April 27th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

E from village Vidaliåi, Novalja, Island of Pag 44°32’12.60”N 14°57’47.80”E 77 May 2nd, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

Kaøtel Æegarski, village 44°09’24.14”N 15°51’12.23”E 75 April 30th, 2010 Koren, Buriå, Øtih 

N of Smokvica, Povljana, Island of Pag 44°22’12.50”N 15°12’00.20”E 71 April 30th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

S from hill Bakraå, near Vrana lake, Pirovac 43°51’58.20”N 15°38’55.50”E 67 May 1st, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

N from marine Øimuni, Pag, Island of Pag 44°28’28.60”N 14°57’17.30”E 65 April 28th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

N of hill Kosovac, Vrana, Pakoøtane 43°56’15.00”N 15°34’20.70”E 40 April 30th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

NW of Boøana, Pag, Island of Pag 44°28’49.90”N 15°00’03.80”E 22 April 28th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

Turniå, S from Gorica, Povljana, Island of Pag 44°22’47.74”N 15°07’16.52”E 20 April 28th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

Stan, NW of Vlaøiåi, Povljana, Island of Pag 44°21’25.70”N 15°07’02.10”E 16 April 28th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

Karin, Kariønica valley, middle part 44°07’13.15”N 15°37’43.30”E 14 March 3rd, 2008 Verovnik, R. 

Binjac, SE from Koøljun, Pag, Island of Pag 44°23’15.69”N 15°06’14.04”E 6 April 28th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

Drakovci, E from Povljana, Island of Pag 44°21’34.80”N 15°08’15.40”E 5 April 28th, 2005 Zakøek, V. 

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150



PHALACROPTERYX GRASLINELLA (BOISDUVAL, 1852) V SLOVENIJI 

(LEPIDOPTERA: PSYCHIDAE) 

Æeljko PREDOVNIK 

Polzela 68c., SI-3313 Polzela, Slovenija 

e-mail: zeljko99@volja.net 

Abstract - PHALACROPTERYX GRASLINELLA (BOISDUVAL, 1852) IN SLO- 

VENIA (LEPIDOPTERA: PSYCHIDAE) 

A rediscovery of the species Phalacropteryx graslinella (Boisduval, 1852) in 

Slovenia, previously known by an old, doubtful find, is reported. In 2010 we found 

the species on two localities with warm climate in southern Slovenia. P. graslinella 

is present in all neighboring countries except Croatia, where it may, in light of new 

findings, be expected in the Dinaric Mountains. Additional informations on the biology 

of the species is presented with photos of habitat, cases, caterpillars and imagoes. 

Characters of imagoes and cases in comparison to the similar P. praecellens 

(Staudinger, 1870) are discussed. 

KEY WORDS: Lepidoptera, Psychidae, Phalacropteryx graslinella, fauna, 

Slovenia. 

Izvleœek - V prispevku poroœamo o najdbi vrste Phalacropteryx graslinella 

(Boisduval, 1852) v Sloveniji, doslej znani le po enem starem, dvomljivem podatku. 

V letu 2010 smo vrsto ponovno odkrili na dveh lokalitetah s toplo klimo v juæni 

Sloveniji. P. graslinella je prisotna v vseh sosednjih deæelah z izjemo Hrvaøke, kjer 

jo, v luœi novih najdb, lahko priœakujemo na obmoœju dinarskega hribovja. V prispevku 

predstavljamo dodatne podatke o biologiji vrste s slikami habitata, vreœk, 

liœink in odraslih osebkov. Obravnavamo znaœilnosti samœkov in vreœk v primerjavi 

s podobno vrsto P. praecellens (Staudinger, 1870). 

KLJUŒNE BESEDE: Lepidoptera, Psychidae, Phalacropteryx graslinella, favna, 

Slovenija. 

151


Uvod 

P. graslinella je redka in lokalno razøirjena vrsta vreœkarja (Henderickx, 1981), ki 

je po Herrmannu (1994) raztreseno razøirjena v zmernem in arktiœnem delu Evrope, 

v mediteranskem obmoœju pa ni navzoœa. Razøirjena je v Franciji, deæelah Beneluksa, 

v srednji Evropi vkljuœno z Alpami, ter v vzhodni in jugovzhodni Evropi vse do 

Ukrajine. Na severu naseljuje Skandinavijo in arktiœna obmoœja bivøe Sovjetske 

zveze (Herrmann, 1994), na juæni strani Alp pa je znana øe iz severne Italije. Sloveniji 

najbliæje znano najdiøœe je Dobratsch/Dobraœ v Avstriji (Henderickx, 1981). 

Carnelutti v rdeœem seznamu metuljev Slovenije navaja star in doslej edini objavljen 

podatek P. graslinella za Slovenijo - Ribnico (Carnelutti 1992a, 1992b). Ta 

podatek je star veœ kot 100 let. Nove najdbe nakazujejo na verjetno pravilnost navedbe, 

vendar pregled primerkov in vreœk druæine Psychidae v starih zbirkah metuljev 

Prirodoslovnega muzeja Slovenije v Ljubljani ni potrdil nobenega primerka z ozemlja 

Slovenije, zato pravilnosti te stare navedbe nismo mogli potrditi. 

Biologija in ekologija 

P. graslinella naseljuje precej razliœne tipe habitatov, od visokih barij z rastiøœi 

Calluna vulgaris in Erica sp., gozdnih jas in obronkov, do travnikov na toplih 

poboœjih (Kozanœikov, 1956; Kusdas in Reichl, 1974; Herrmann, 1994; 

Hättenschwiler, 1997). V zgornji Avstriji so jo naøli na nadmorski viøini od 450 do 

1125 m (Kusdas in Reichl, 1974), v severovzhodnih Alpah na 1500 m (Herrmann, 

1994) ter v Øvici, na juænih alpskih poboœjih, z rastiøœi vrst Festuca, Calluna vulgaris 

in Juniperus communis, øe na 2200 in 2350 metrih nadmorske viøine 

(Hättenschwiler, 1997). 

V Sloveniji smo opazovali gosenice zadnje levitve in bube P. graslinella, v njihovih 

za vreœkarje velikih in robustnih vreœkah, kot razmeroma pogoste, na toplem 

poboœju, poraslem z Juniperus, Calluna in Rosa spp. V glavnem so to bile 

zaraøœajoœe koøenice ali ekstenzivno koøene terase zapuøœenih vinogradov zraven 

vasi Dalnje Njive, na nadmorski viøini ok. 393 m. Na tej lokaliteti smo opazovali 

okrog 220 vreœk, z gosenicami obeh spolov v zadnjem levitvenem stadiju. Vrsto smo 

naøli tudi na juænem, toplem skalnatem poboœju nad vasjo Ribjek v dolini Kolpe, na 

nadmorski viøini okoli 600 m, pribliæno 35 km zraœne linije zahodno od prve najdbe. 

Tam smo naøli tri vreœke v stadiju bube, pritrjene na stebelca spomladanske rese 

(Erica carnea), v tem primeru verjetno hranilne rastline gosenic. 

P. graslinella je ozko sorodna vrsti P. praecellens, od katere se po genitalni morfologiji 

skoraj ne razlikuje (Kozanœikov, 1956; Hättenschwiler, 1997). Vrsto loœimo 

predvsem po metuljih in po obliki vreœk zadnjega levitvenega stadija gosenic. 

Gosenice so polifage. Prehranjujejo se z nizkimi zelmi, predvsem z Geranium sanguineum, 

Calluna vulgaris, Thymus sp., Centaurea scabiosa, Erica sp., Ficaria sp. 

(Herrmann, 1994). Razvojni krog ponavadi traja dve leti, ni pa øe znano ali nekatere 

gosenice svoj razvoj zakljuœijo æe prej, v enem letu. Po prvi prezimitvi so vreœke 

152

Æ. Predovnik: Phalacropteryx graslinella (Boisduval, 1852) v Sloveniji (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) 

Sl. 1: Karta s prikazom najdiøœ P. 

graslinella v Sloveniji (rumeni piki). 

Sl. 2: Habitat vrste na lokaliteti 

Dalnje Njive. 

Sl. 3: Habitat vrste na poboœju nad 

vasjo Ribjek. 

Sl. 4: Dorasla gosenica samiœke P. 

graslinella na lokaliteti Dalnje Njive, med 

plezanjem po cestni varovalni ograji. 

gosenic dolge pribliæno 8 mm, po drugi prezimitvi so gosenice æe v zadnji levitvi in 

z dokonœno oblikovanimi vreœkami. Vreœke so pri obeh spolih preœno zgrajene iz 

majhnih travniøkih stebelc in bolj ali manj pokrite s fino, srebrno-sivkasto prejo, pri 

samœkih pa se zakljuœijo z daljøim izletnim tulcem bele barve. Gosenice moøkega 

spola se v povpreœju zabubijo osem dni prej kot gosenice samiœk, vendar se metulji 

obeh spolov izleæejo soœasno. Metulji se pojavijo od konca aprila do sredine junija, 

po Kusdasu in Reichlu (1974) pa zlasti v mesecu maju. Samœki se v naravi izleæejo 

dopoldan in æivijo zelo kratek œas. Aktivni so dopoldan, ko iøœejo samiœke, ki se 

nahajajo v svojih vreœkah, øe v ovojnici bube (Hättenschwiler, 1997). 

Ugotovitve 

V œasu od 9. do 11. 4. 2010 smo na lokaliteti Dalnje Njive naøli okrog 100, 

veœinoma æe na podlago pritrjenih vreœk. V nekaj vreœkah so bile øe aktivne goseni- 

153


Sl. 5: Vreœka samœka P. graslinella 

(Ribjek) v stadiju bube. 

Sl. 6: Vreœka samœka P. graslinella 

(Dalnje Njive) v stadiju bube. 

ce æenskega spola. 20. 4. 2010 sva skupaj z Jurijem Rekljem opazovala okrog 120 

vreœk obeh spolov v glavnem æe v stadiju bube. Œeprav nisva naøla nobenega leva 

bube, ki bi priœal o zaœetku letanja samœkov, se je æe naslednji dan v ujetniøtvu izlegel 

en samœek. Kar nekaj vreœk je bilo praznih in brez gosenic, ki so verjetno postale 

plen raznih plenilcev. Naøli smo tudi manjøe øtevilo mrtvih (posuøenih) gosenic, 

katerih vreœke so se od vreœk zdravih osebkov razlikovale po drugaœni, rumenkasto 

umazani barvi izletnega tulca na koncu vreœke. Ker se iz teh vreœk niso izlegli 

samœki, na koncu tudi ni bilo ostankov levov bub. Øtevilœnost vreœk je bila pri obeh 

spolih pribliæno enaka. Precej manj pogosta je bila vrsta na skalnatih poboœjih nad 

vasjo Ribjek, kjer smo 2. 5. 2010 naøli samo dve vreœki z bubami samœkov in eno z 

bubo samiœke. 

Zaradi medsebojne podobnosti in laæjega loœevanja dveh sorodnih vrst, smo 

naredili øe primerjavo vreœk obeh spolov ter samœkov vrst P. graslinella in P. 

praecellens, ki je v Sloveniji razøirjena na Primorskem in na Krasu. Ta sorodna 

Sl. 7: Vreœka samiœke P. graslinella 

(Dalnje Njive) v stadiju bube. 

Sl. 8: Izlegel samœek P. graslinella 

(ex.p., Dalnje Njive) poœiva na svoji vreœki. 

154


vrsta je pogosta in sploøno razøirjena zlasti na suhih kraøkih travnikih. Øtevilne 

vreœke z gosenicami slednje smo naøli v oktobru 2009 in 28. 2. 2010 na veœ lokalitetah 

Kraøkega roba, Podgorskega krasa in pri Træiœu (Monfalcone) v sosednji 

Italiji. 

Samœki P. graslinella so v celoti temnejøi od samœkov P. praecellens (slika 10). 

Njihov trup je temnejøi, v glavnem vitkejøi, krila so daljøa, s poøevnim robom in 

zaobljena na konicah, pri nekaterih osebkih popolnoma temna, pri drugih v bazalni 

tretjini rumenkasta, vendar ne tako izrazito kot pri vrsti P. praecellens. Vreœke 

samœkov P. graslinella smo, podobno kot vreœke P. praecellens, naøli pritrjene 

prosto na tleh, najpogosteje na vrhu polegle ali pokoøene suhe trave. Na koncu 

vreœke je bil izrazito bel izletni tulec, pri veliki veœini osebkov obrnjen navzgor. 

Pri veœini vreœk v stadiju bube so bili na koncu tulca pripeti ostanki olevkov gosenic, 

ko so se te zabubile. Dolæine vreœk v stadiju bube, skupaj z izletnim tulcem, 

so bile 22-32 mm, øirina 7-10 mm (n= 57). Izletni tulec je meril med 7 in 10 mm, 

premer tulca 3-5 mm in predstavlja pri P. graslinella pribliæno tretjino, pri P. praecellens 

pa œetrtino skupne dolæine vreœke. V primerjavi z vreœkami samiœk so 

vreœke samœkov vitkejøe in daljøe. P. graslinella se od vreœk samœkov P. praecellens 

v glavnem razlikuje predvsem po svoji znaœilni okroglasti obliki, z daljøim 

izletnim tulcem, na podlago pa je pritrjena z manj preje (slika 9). Veœina vreœk 

samœkov P. graslinella je bila na zunaj bolj ali manj obdana s fino in gosto svileno 

prejo srebrno sivkaste barve (slika 5), nekatere tudi z dosti manj ali skoraj niœ 

prediva (slika 6). Bolj podolgovate in predvsem veœje vreœke samœkov P. praecellens 

so skupaj z izletnim tulcem dolge med 25 in 32 mm, øiroke 7-10 mm, z 

dolæino izletnega tulca med 4 in 9 mm (n= 102). 

Velikost gosenic obeh spolov P. graslinella znaøa 15-20 mm, øirina 2,5-3 mm. 

Samiœke so velike 10-12 mm, z debelino trupa 4,5-5,5 mm (Hättenschwiler, 1997). 

Vreœke samiœk smo naøli pritrjene na podlago vzdolæ svoje dolæine, z veœ prediva in 

v glavnem viøje od vreœk samœkov, med vejicami ali na debelcih manjøih grmov 

Rosa sp., Calluna vulgaris, Malus sp., Erica carnea in na raznih viøjih zeleh, do 

viøine 44 cm. Dve vreœki sta bili pritrjeni tudi na cestno varovalno ograjo in na 

odsevnik ob cesti. V primerjavi z vreœkami samœkov so vreœke samiœk po obliki 

krajøe in obilnejøe in se zakljuœijo s tankim, okoli 3 mm dolgim izletnim tulcem 

(slika 9). Vreœke øe aktivnih gosenic zadnje levitve malce spominjajo na obliko vrœa 

(slika 4). Dolæina vreœk znaøa 18-23 mm, øirina 8-11 mm (n = 43), v povpreœju so 

moœneje obdane s prejo kot vreœke samiœk P. praecellens. Te so veœje in daljøe, bolj 

podolgovate in cilindriœne oblike, z zelo kratkim izletnim tulcem, dolge 24-31 mm 

in øiroke 7-10 mm (n= 47). 

Vreœke samœkov smo med gojitvijo ob lepemu vremenu veœkrat za krajøi œas 

izpostavili soncu, kar je pospeøilo izleganje metuljev. Ti so se izlegali zlasti v jutranjih 

urah. Razpon kril samœkov P. graslinella je znaøal 19-22 mm (n= 37). 

155


Sl. 9: Levo - vreœke P. praecellens (zgoraj ∆∆, spodaj ≈≈), desno - vreœke P. 

graslinella (zgoraj ∆∆, spodaj ≈≈). 

Obdelano gradivo: 

• Dalnje Njive, ex.l.-ex.p. (nabrano 9. 4. 2010, 11. 4. 2010 in 20. 4. 2010): 1∆,18. 

4. 2010; 3∆,19. 4. 2010; 8∆, 20. 4. 2010; 9∆, 21. 4. 2010; 5∆, 22. 4. 2010; 8∆, 

23. 4. 2010; 2∆, 24. 4. 2010; 7∆, 25. 4. 2010; 6∆, 26. 4. 2010; 1∆, 27. 4. 2010; 

1∆, 28. 4. 2010. 

• Ribjek, ex.p. (nabrano 2. 5. 2010): 2∆, 7. 5. 2010. 

156


Slika 10: 1 - ∆ P. graslinella, ex.l.-ex.p., Dalnje Njive; 2 - ∆ P. praecellens, ex.l., 

Podgorski kras. 

Zakljuœek in razprava 

Glede na opazovanja na terenu in na rezultate gojenja se œas letanja samœkov P. 

graslinella na poboœju Poljanske gore priœne konec aprila in traja 10 dni, nad vasjo 

Ribjek pa v zaœetku maja. Zaradi dvoletnega razvoja predvidevamo, da je vrsta na 

navedenih lokacijah verjetno pogostejøa vsako drugo leto, kar pa bo z dodatnimi 

157


raziskavami potrebno øe potrditi. Najdba vrste P. graslinella na skrajnem jugu 

Slovenije nekoliko preseneœa, saj bi jo, glede na znana nahajaliøœa v sosednjih 

deæelah, prej priœakovali na severu dræave, zlasti v Alpah ali na Pohorju. Ker so 

intenzivnejøe raziskave favne vreœkarjev zaradi njihovega skritega naœina æivljenja 

pri nas øele na zaœetku, lahko odkritje vrste priœakujemo øe kje v Sloveniji. 

Zahvala 

Rad bi se zahvalil Tomaæu Seliøkarju in Stanislavu Gombocu za dovoljenje za 

uporabo programske opreme za obdelavo favnistiœnih podatkov (Popis) in Juriju 

Reklju za sodelovanje na terenu. Zahvalil bi se tudi dr. Tomiju Trilarju in dr. 

Bogdanu Horvatu, ki sta nam omogoœila pregled starega materiala druæine Psychidae 

v zbirkah Prirodoslovnega muzeja Slovenije v Ljubljani. 

Literatura 

Carnelutti, J., 1992a: Rdeœi seznam ogroæenih metuljev (Macrolepidoptera) v 

Sloveniji.- Varstvo narave, Ljubljana, 17: 61-104. 

Carnelutti, J., 1992b: Popravki /errata.- Varstvo narave, Ljubljana, 18: 189-190. 

Hättenschwiler, P., 1997: Psychidae - Sackträger. In: Pro Natura - schweizerischer 

Bund für Naturschutz (Hrsg.), Schmetterlinge und ihre Lebensräume, Schweiz 

und angrenzende Gebiete. Band 2, Psychidae: 295-296. 

Henderickx, H. A., 1981: Dispersion de Phalacropterix graslinella 

(Boisduval,1852) (Lepidoptera, Psychidae) en Europe. Linneana Belgica, VIII: 

207-218. 

Herrmann, R., 1994: Psychidae. In: Ebert (Hrsg.): Die Schmetterlinge Baden- 

Würrtembergs, Band 3 (Nachtfalter I). Verlag Ulmer, Stuttgart: 480-484. 

Kozanœikov, I.V., 1956: Lepidoptera, Psychidae. Fauna of the USSR, Vol. 3, No. 2: 

442-444. 

Kusdas, K., Reichl, E. R., 1974: Die Schmetterlinge Oberösterreichs. Teil 2: 

Schwärmer, Spinner. Ent. Arbeitsgem. OÖ Landesmuseum, Linz. 263 S: 200- 

201. 

Prejeto / Received: 6. 5. 2010 

158




ANTLION DENDROLEON PANTHERINUS (FABRICIUS, 1787) 

(NEUROPTERA: MYRMELEONTIDAE) IN SLOVENIA 

Duøan DEVETAK 1 , Jan PODLESNIK 2 and Franc JANÆEKOVIŒ 1 

1 

Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University 

of Maribor, Koroøka cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia 

E-mail: dusan.devetak@guest.arnes.si 

2 

Borova vas 12, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia 

E-mail: podlesnik.jan@gmail.com 

Abstract – The distribution of the European antlion species, Dendroleon pantherinus 

(Fabricius), in Slovenia with some notes on biology is presented. 

KEY WORDS: Neuroptera, antlions, Myrmeleontidae, Dendroleon pantherinus, distribution, 

Slovenia 

Izvleœek – VOLKEC VRSTE DENDROLEON PANTHERINUS (FABRICIUS, 

1787) (NEUROPTERA: MYRMELEONTIDAE) V SLOVENIJI 

Predstavljena je razøirjenost volkca vrste Dendroleon pantherinus (Fabricius) v 

Sloveniji z nekaterimi podatki o njeni biologiji. 

KLJUŒNE BESEDE: Neuroptera, volkci, Myrmeleontidae, Dendroleon pantherinus, 

razøirjenost, Slovenija 

Introduction 

Antlions (Myrmeleontidae) are medium-sized to large neuropterans, widely distributed 

in warmer and dry regions. About 2000 valid species in ca. 350 genera are 

known (Aspöck et al., 2001; Stange, 2004). In Europe, there have been ca. 50 species 

recorded (Aspöck et al., 2001; Pantaleoni et al., 2010). In the northwestern part of 

the Balkan Peninsula, 19 species in 13 genera occur (Aspöck et al., 1980, 2001; 

Devetak, 1992a). 

159


Dendroleon pantherinus (Fig.1) was described by Fabricius in 1787 under the 

name Myrmeleon pantherinum. Later, the species was placed in the genus 

Dendroleon Brauer, 1866. Typical for adults is an eye spot-pigmentation close to the 

hind edge of fore wings (Fig.1). Larval morphology of D. pantherinus has not yet 

been sufficiently investigated. The larva was partly described by Brauer (1867) and 

is characterized by lateral scoli and the presence of a tuft of setae medially on the 

mesonotum. The larvae do not construct pits. The species inhabits warm and dry oak 

forests with older trees. The vertical distribution of the species is usually limited to 

habitats under 500 m above sea level (Aspöck et al., 1980). Larvae inhabit detritus 

in tree holes (Gepp & Hölzel, 1989; Mansell, 1996). 

Dendroleon pantherinus is thermophilous Siberian element (Aspöck et al., 1980, 

2001). In the Balkan countries, the species is widely distributed (Devetak, 1992a). 

The first record of the species for Slovenia dates back to 1906 when priest G. Strobl 

(1906) noted it for Celje. Later the species was mentioned for two other places in 

Slovenia (Devetak, 1984). The aim of our study is to present information on the bio - 

logy and distribution of the antlion species in Slovenia. 

Material and methods 

Twenty dried or in alcohol preserved adults from the insect collection of the first 

author were examined (Fig.1). The distribution of the species is shown in the UTM 

map of Slovenia and localities are listed in the UTM coordinates. 

Distribution of Dendroleon pantherinus (Fabricius) in Slovenia 

Literature records: Strobl (1906): Celje. Devetak (1984): Brestrnica pri 

Mariboru; Haloze: Belski vrh. 

Material examined: 

Central Slovenia: surroundings of Ljubljana /locality could not be confirmed 

exactly/, J. Titovøek leg.; Dramlje: Pletovarje, WM32, 14. 8. 1983, B. Kmecl leg.; 

Goriœko: Œepinci, WM99, 7. 1997; Haloze: Belski vrh pri Zavrœu, WM83, 29. 8. 

1983, 8. 7. 1986, 29. 8. 1986, F. Janæekoviœ leg.; Ig: Kamenica, VL69, 1. 8. 1981, S. 

Brelih leg.; Kamnica pri Mariboru, WM46, 7. 1995, B. Mencinger leg.; Komen: Brje 

pri Komnu, VL07, 16. 7. 1989, M. Gogala leg.; Maribor, WM56, 27. 7. 2007, D. 

Devetak leg.; Maribor: Brestrnica, WM46, 16. 7. 1982, 19. 7. 1983, M. Zavec leg.; 

Maribor: Brestrnica: Jelovec, WM46, 16. 7. 1986, M. Zavec leg.; Piran, UL84, 8. 

1996, D. Devetak leg.; Prekmurje: D. Bistrica, XM05, 20. 8. 1988, F. Janæekoviœ 

leg.; Slovenske gorice: Zg. Velka, WM67, 28. 6. 2000, V. Lesjak leg.; Øentjur pri 

Celju, WM32, 29. 7. 1983, B. Kmecl leg.; Vurberk: Dvorjane, WM65, 7. 1985, 7. 

2000, F. Janæekoviœ leg. 

Distribution of the species is shown in Fig.2. Adults were collected in deciduous 

woodland habitats or in their vicinity. Dominant tree species in the habitats were 

Quercus, Carpinus and Fagus. 

160

D. Devetak, J. Podlesnik, F. Janæekoviœ: Antlion Dendroleon pantherinus (Fabricius, 1787) (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) in Slovenia 

Fig. 1: Dendroleon pantherinus (Fabricius, 1787). 

Fig. 2: Distribution of Dendroleon pantherinus in Slovenia. 

Discussion 

Dendroleon pantherinus is included in the Red List of Endangered Neuroptera of 

Slovenia as Indeterminate (I) species because its biology and role in the habitat is 

insufficiently known (Devetak, 1992b). Our findings concerning characteristics of 

deciduous woodland habitats are in accordance with literature data (Gepp & Hölzel, 

1989). 

161



We are grateful to collectors for contributing the material. This research was supported 

by the Slovene Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology within 

the Biodiversity Research Programme (Grant No. P1-0078). 

References 

Aspöck, H., Aspöck, U., Hölzel, H. (Mitarb. Rausch, H.), 1980: Die Neuropteren 

Europas. Eine zusammenfassende Darstellung der Systematik, Ökologie und 

Chorologie der Neuropteroidea (Megaloptera, Raphidioptera, Planipennia) 

Europas. 2 vols, 495 & 355 pp. Goecke & Evers, Krefeld. 

Aspöck, H., Hölzel, H., Aspöck, U., 2001: Kommentierter Katalog der 

Neuropterida (Insecta: Raphidioptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera) der 

Westpaläarktis. Denisia 02: 1-606. 

Brauer, F.M., 1867: Beschreibung und Verwandlung des Dendroleon pantherinus 

Fbr. und Vergleich der bis jetzt bekannten Myrmeleoniden- und Ascalaphiden- 

Larven. Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 17: 963-966. 

Devetak, D., 1984: Megaloptera, Raphidioptera and Planipennia in Slovenia 

(Yugoslavia). Faunistical contribution. Neuroptera Int., 3:55-72. 

Devetak, D., 1992a: Present knowledge of the Megaloptera, Raphidioptera and 

Neuroptera of Yugoslavia (Insecta: Neuropteroidea). In: Canard, M., Aspöck, 

H. & Mansell, M.W. (eds.): Current Research in Neuropterology. Toulouse, pp. 

107-118. 

Devetak, D., 1992b: Rdeœi seznam ogroæenih mreæekrilcev (Neuroptera s.l.) v 

Sloveniji. The Red List of Endangered Neuroptera s.l. in Slovenia. Varstvo 

narave, 17: 111-115. 

Gepp, J. & Hölzel, H., 1989: Ameisenlöwen und Ameisenjungfern – 

Myrmeleonidae. Ziemsen Verlag, Wittenberg Lutherstadt, 108 pp. 

Mansell, M.W., 1996: Predation strategies and evolution in antlions (Insecta: 

Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae). In: Canard, M., Aspöck, H. & Mansell, M.W. 

(eds.): Pure and Applied Research in Neuropterology. Toulouse, pp. 161-169. 

Pantaleoni, R.A., Cesaroni, C. & Nicoli Aldini, R., 2010: Myrmeleon mariaemathildae 

n. sp.: a new Mediterranean pit-building antlion (Neuropterida 

Myrmeleontidae). Bull. Insectology, 63: 91-98. 

Stange, L.A., 2004: A systematic catalog, bibliography and classification of the 

world antlions (Insecta: Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae). Memoirs Am. Entomol. 

Inst., 74: 1-565. 

Strobl, G., 1906: Neuropteroiden (Netzflügler) Steiermarks (und Niederösterreichs). 

Mitt. Naturwiss. Ver. Steiermark, 1905 (42): 225-226. 


162

Favnistiœni zapiski / Faunistical notes 

MYZOCALLIS (LINEOMYZOCALLIS) WALSHII, AN INVASIVE APHID 

ON QUERCUS RUBRA, NEW TO SLOVENIA 

Øpela MODIC 

Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Plant Protection Department, 

Hacquetova 17, SI-1001 Ljubljana; e-mail: spela.modic@kis.si 

Abstract - The aphid Myzocallis (Lineomyzocallis) walshii Monell, 1897 

(Sternorrhyncha, Aphididae) has been recorded for the first time in the Slovenian 

aphidofauna. It was found on the leaves of Quercus rubra L. in August 2010 in a private 

garden situated in the village Rodica. 

KEY WORDS: Sternorrhyncha, Aphididae, aphids, fauna, Slovenia. 

Izvleœek - MYZOCALLIS (LINEOMYZOCALLIS) WALSHII, INVAZIVNA VRSTA 

LISTNE UØI NA RDEŒEM HRASTU (QUERCUS RUBRA), NOVA NAJDBA V 

SLOVENIJI 

Prava listna uø Myzocallis (Lineomyzocallis) walshii Monell, 1897 

(Sternorrhyncha: Aphididae) je prviœ najdena v afidofavni Slovenije. Vrsto smo ugotovili 

na rdeœem hrastu - Quercus rubra L., avgusta 2010, na privatnem vrtu na Rodici. 

KLJUŒNE BESEDE: Sternorrhyncha, Aphididae, prave listne uøi, favna, Slovenija. 

Introduction 

Global trade presents the main risk to introduction and spreading of invasive 

insect species. An attack of aphids is hard to discover on time since their presence is 

usually determined as a result of damaged plants while the aphids had already spread 

locally. At longer distances they are spread in the development stage of egg, pupa or 

imago via the attacked host plants. 

The aphid Myzocallis (Lineomyzocallis) walshii (Monell) occurs naturally in 

North America where it inhabits Quercus rubra, Q. agrifolia, Q. alba, Q. bicolor, Q. 

imbricaria, Q. palustris and Q. velutina (Blackmann and Eastop, 1994). It is a 

monoecious species with holocyclic development. In Europe, it was detected for the 

first time on Q. rubra in France in 1988 (Remaudiere, 1989). Subsequently, the 

species was also recorded in Switzerland (Remaudière and Quednau, 1992), Spain 

(Mier Durante and Nieto Nafría, 1994), Italy (Patti and Lozzia, 1994), Belgium 

(Nieto Nafría et al., 1999), Germany (Thieme and Eggers-Schumacher, 2003), Czech 

Republic (Havelka et al., 2005), Andorra (Pons et al., 2006), Poland (Osiadacz and 

Wieczorek, 2006), Hungary (Ripka, 2008), Portugal (Pérez Hidalgo et al., 2009) and 

163


Serbia (Petroviå-Obradoviå et al., 2010) only on Q. rubra which seems to present its 

main host plant. 

Recently, it has been captured on the red oak (Quercus rubra L.) from a single 

location in Slovenia. The colonies of aphids were producing large quantities of honeydew 

which is a substrate for the growth of sooty mould fungi causing unsightly 

appearance of plant. 

Description - based on Blackmann and Eastop, 1994 

Female alate viviparae, main body bright yellow, distal ends of antennal segments and 

costal margin of forewing darkly pigmented. Thorax with black, broad bands running 

down sides. Fore tibiae black. Body length (excluding cauda) 1.6-2.0 mm. The Spanish 

specimens of the species arrive to 2.13 mm of body length (Nieto Nafría and Mier 

Durante, 1998). Nymphs very pale yellow with variably developed dark dorsal sclerites. 

Fig. 1: Myzocallis (Lineomyzocallis) 

walshii, adult. 

Fig. 2: Myzocallis (Lineomyzocallis) 

walshii, nymphs on the underside of a leaf. 

Fig. 3: Honeydew and moulds soon 

afterwards on the upper surfaces of the 

contaminated red oak leaves (Quercus 

rubra L.) in the village Rodica in 2010, 

Slovenia. 

Fig. 4: Predator of Myzocallis (Lineo - 

myzocallis) walshii. 

164

Ø. Modic: Myzocallis (Lineomyzocallis) walshii, an invasive aphid on Quercus rubra, new to Slovenia 

Fig. 5: Parasited Myzocallis (Lineo - 

myzocallis) walshii. 

Fig. 6 A: M. walshii (Monell): Second antennal segment is pale and there are 2- 

4 secondary rhinaria on the third antennal segment. 

6 B: M. walshii (Monell): Lateral 

siphunculus (cornicles) are small and pale. 

6 C: M. walshii (Monell): Median 

frontal tubercle is poorly developed. 

165


6 D: Forewing of the aphid M.walshii. Figs.: 1-6 Photo Ø. Modic. 

The invasive species Myzocallis (Lineomyzocallis) walshii (Monell) can be distinguished 

from the European species Myzocallys (Agrioaphis) castanicola Baker, 

1917, also present in Slovenia, by the morphological characters illustrated on Figs. 

6 A, 6 B, 6 C, 6 D. 

Discussion 

Our finding, together with the previously reported presence of the aphid in 

Europe, indicates that the species Myzocallis (Lineomyzocallis) walshii was probably 

introduced with its main host plant. The red oak, Quercus rubra, is planted as an 

ornamental tree in the urban environment and in a few forest plantations in Slovenia 

(Martinœiœ et.al., 2007). Other North American species of Quercus spp. are not common. 

During our observations on infested tree we found the predatory bug Deraeocoris 

lutescens Schilling (Heteroptera: Miridae), which seems to represent a local native 

predator species. It is a polyphagous predator widely distributed in Europe and commonly 

found on oak, hazel, pear and apple trees (Ehanno, 1987), where it feeds on 

aphids, small caterpillars, mite and insect eggs (Lamine et al., 2005). Other predators 

and mummified aphids M. walshii (Figs. 4, 5) killed by parasitoids were also 

observed and will be subject of further observations. 

References 

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and information guide. Cab International, London, 987 pp. + 16 plates. 

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écologique. Inventaires de faune et de flore, France, 40: 97–647. 

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Republic. Æiva 174-175. 

Lamine, K., Lambin, M., Alauzet, C., 2005: Effect of starvation on the searching 

path of the predatory bug Deraeocoris lutescens. BioControl, 50: 717–727. 

166

Ø. Modic: Myzocallis (Lineomyzocallis) walshii, an invasive aphid on Quercus rubra, new to Slovenia 

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1879 (Hemiptera, Aphidoidea), an aphid species new to Poland. Polish Journal 

of Entomology, 75: 233-238 

Patti, I., Lozzia, G.C., 1994: Presenza in Italia dell’Afide neartico della Quercia 

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780. 

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Calaphidinae; Hym., Braconidae, Aphidiinae). Journal of Pest Science, 79: 17- 

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Remaudière, G., 1989: Découverte en France de l’espèce américaine Myzocallis 

(Lineomyzocallis) walshii (Monell) (Hom., Aphididae). Annl. Soc. Ent. Fr. 

(N.S.), 25, 1: 117. 

Remaudière, G., Quednau, F.W., 1992: Pucerons nouveaux et peu connus du 

Mexique. 10e note: Le sous-genre Myzocallis (Lineomyzocallis) (Hom.: 

Aphididae). Annl. Soc. Ent. Fr. (N.S.), 28:27-36. 

Ripka, G., 2008: Checklist of the Aphidoidea and Phylloxeroidea of Hungary 

(Hemiptera: Sternorryncha). Folia. Ent. Hung., 69: 19-157. 

Thieme, T., Eggers-Schumacher, H., 2003: Verzeichnus der Blattläuse (Aphidina) 

Deutschlands. Entom. Germ., 6: 167-193. 


167


BOMBUS HAEMATURUS (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE), NEW SPECIES IN 

THE SLOVENIAN BUMBLEBEE FAUNA 

Aljaæ JENIŒ¹, Andrej GOGALA² & Janez GRAD³ 

¹ Janeæiœeva 21, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: aljazzj@gmail.com 

² Prirodoslovni muzej Slovenije, Preøernova 20, p.p.290, SI-1001 Ljubljana 

³ Petelinje 16, 1262 Dol pri Ljubljani, Slovenia 

Abstract - Records of Bombus haematurus, a new species in the Slovenian bumblebee 

fauna, are presented. The distribution of the species, its expansion towards the 

north west and possible implications are discussed. 

KEY WORDS: Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus, new records 

Izvleœek – BOMBUS HAEMATURUS (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE), NOVA 

VRSTA V SLOVENSKI FAVNI ŒMRLJEV 

Predstavljene so najdbe vrste Bombus haematurus v Sloveniji, nove priseljenke v 

slovenski favni œmrljev. Opisana je celotna razøirjenost vrste, njeno øirjenje proti 

severozahodu in moæni razlogi zanj. 

KLJUŒNE BESEDE: Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus, nove najdbe 

Fig. 1: Distribution of B. haematurus. Dots present records from: 

Anagnostopoulos (2005), Baker (1996), Ban-Calefariu et al. (2007), Neumayer 

(2004), Øima et al. (2009), Özbek (1998), Yilmaz et al. (2004), Knechtel (1955), 

Tkalcu (1969), Reinig (1967), Reinig (1974), Sarospataki et al. (2003), Teppner 

(2010). Distribution on the Crimean Peninsula is taken from Konovalova (2010). 

Records in the recently colonized territory are marked in red. 

The source of the map groundwork: ESRI Data & Maps 9.3 [DVD]. Global 

Imagery and Shaded Relief, Redlands, CA, 2008. 

168

A. Jeniœ, A. Gogala, J. Grad: Bombus haematurus (Hymenoptera: Apidae), new species in the Slovenian Bumblebee fauna 

Bombus haematurus Kriechbaumer, 1870 is a polylectic species, bound mainly to 

forest, forest edge or forest clearings (Baker 1996, Knechtel 1955, Reinig 1972). It 

is mostly a species of low-altitude sites, although some data from the southern part 

of its range show it occurs quite frequently at higher altitudes (up to 2100 m). 

Older distribution data of Bombus haematurus come from Iran (Baker 1996), 

Turkey (Reinig 1967, Reinig 1968), Greece (Anagnostopoulos 2005), Bulgaria 

(Reinig 1974), Romania (Knechtel 1955), Serbia (Reinig 1974) and Albania (Tkalcu 

1969). Reinig (1974) considered records from Albania (Kruja) and from Serbia 

(Vrøac, Fruøka gora) as the most western and at the northern edge of its distribution. 

Recently, the species has spread towards the north west. In 1982 it was recorded 

in Hungary (Jozan 2007), 1995 (first record) and in 2002 (second record) in Austria 

(Teppner 2010) and 2003 in Slovakia (Øima et al. 2009) (fig. 1). It seems that the 

species is spreading relatively quickly and successfully since new records are more 

and more common. 

In Slovenia it was observed and photographed for the first time by Prof. Dr. Janez 

Grad in 2007 in Petelinje near Dol pri Ljubljani, feeding on Lonicera sp. But it was 

identified only later, when a specimen was caught in May 2009. 

List of records of B. haematurus in Slovenia: 

1. 19.5. 2007, Petelinje, Dol pri Ljubljani, Lat: 46,096; Lon: 14,673, photo Grad 

J., 1 sp. feeding on Lonicera sp. 

2. 21.3. 2008, Petelinje, Dol pri Ljubljani, Lat: 46,096; Lon: 14,673, vid: Grad J., 

1≈ feeding on Prunus armeniaca 

3. 22.4. 2009, Petelinje, Dol pri Ljubljani, Lat: 46,096; Lon: 14,673, vid: Grad J., 

1≈ feeding on Wisteria sp. 

4. 29.5. 2009, Zasavci, Miklavæ pri Ormoæu, Lat: 46,454; Lon: 16,230, leg: Jeniœ 

A., det. Gogala A., 1≈ feeding on ornamental flowers 

5. 5.4. 2010, Petelinje, Dol pri Ljubljani, Lat: 46,096; Lon: 14,673, vid.: Grad J., 

1≈ feeding on Prunus armeniaca 

6. 11.4. 2010. Ljubljana, Lat: 46,030; Lon: 14,459, vid: Grad J., 1≈ feeding on Erica sp. 

7. 14.4. 2010, Ljubljana, Lat: 46,078; Lon: 14,508, leg Presetnik P., det. Gogala 

A., 1≈ found dead on window sill 

One of the most important land use changes recorded in southern and eastern 

Europe is the abandonment of agricultural lands due to economic and social changes. 

Reforestation can occur in these places (Koulouri et al. 2007, Moreira et al. 2007). 

A greater proportion of woodlands, together with global warming, may be the cause 

for spread of this hylophilous Eastern Mediterranean species towards the north west. 

References 

Anagnostopoulos, I.T., 2005: The bumblebee fauna of Greece: An annotated 

species list including new records for Greece (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). 

Linzer biol. Beitr., 37: 1013-1026. 

169


Baker, D.B., 1996: On a collection of humble-bees from northern Iran 

(Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Bombinae). Beitr. Ent., Berlin, 46(1): 109-132. 

Ban-Calefariu, C., Sárospataki, M., 2007: Contributions to the knowledge of 

Bombus and Psithyrus Genera (Apoidea: Apidae) in Romania. Travaux de 

Museum National d Historie Naturelle »Grigore Antipa«, L: 239-258. 

Jozan, Z., 2007: Újabb adatok a Zselic fullánkos hártyásszárnyú (Hymenoptera, 

Aculeata) faunájának ismeretéhez. Somogyi Múzeumok Közleményei 17: 

169–182 (2006). 

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Romîne. Vol. 9, part 1. 

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Floral Prefernces. Psyche, vol. 2010, Article ID 819740, 10 pp. 

Koulouri, M., Giourga, C., 2007: Land abandonment and slope gradient as key factor 

of soil erosion in Mediterranean terraced lands. Cataena, 69: 274-281. 

Moreira, F., Russo D., 2007: Modelling the impact of agricultural abandonment and 

wildfires on vertebrate diversity in Mediterranean Europe. Landscape Ecology, 

22:1461-1476. 

Neumayer, J., 2004: Erstfund von Bombus haematurus Kriechbaumer, 1870 

(Hymenoptera, Apidae) in Österreich. Beitr. Entomofaunistik (Wien), 5: 134-135. 

Özbek, H., 1998: On the bumblebee fauna of Turkey:II. The genus Pyrobombus 

(Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombinae). Zoology in The Middle East, 16:89-106. 

Reinig, W. F., 1967: Zur Kenntnis der Hummelfaunen einiger Gebirge West- 

Kleinasien (Hym., Apidae). NachrBl. Bayer. Ent., 16: 81-91. 

Reinig, W. F., 1968: Über die Hummeln und Schmarotzerhummeln Nordwest- 

Anatoliens (Hym., Apidae). NachrBl. Bayer. Ent., 17: 101-112. 

Reinig, W. F., 1972: Ökologische Studien an mittel- und südosteuropäischen 

Hummeln (Bombus Latr., 1802; Hym., Apidae). Mitteilungen der Münchner 

Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 60(1970): 1-56. 

Reinig, W.F., 1974: Zur Verbreitung einiger Hummelarten auf der Balkan-Halbinsel 

(Hym., Bombidae), NachrBl. Bayer. Ent., 23, 11-13. 

Sárospataki, M., Novák, J., Molnár, V., 2003: Hazai poszméh- és álposzméhfajok 

(Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombus és Psithyrus) UTM- térképezése és az adatok 

természetvédelmi felhasználhatósága., Állattani Közlemények, 88:85-108. 

Øima, P., Smetana, V., 2009: Current distribution of the bumble bee Bombus 

haematurus (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini) in Slovakia. Klapalekiana, 45: 

209-212. 

Teppner H., 2010. Flower visitation of Bombus haematurus Kriechbaumer 1870 

(Hymenoptera, Apidae) in Graz, Styria. Linzer biol. Beiträge 42(1): 89-94 

Tkalcu, B., 1969: Ergebnisse der Albanien-Expedition 1961 des Deutschen 

Entomologischen Institutes. Beitr. Entomol. (Berlin), 19: 887-916. 

Yilmaz, Z., Uπurta∂, √. H., 2004: A contribution to the bumble bee fauna of Bursa 

province (Hymenoptera:Apidae, Bombini), Uludag Bee Journal, 3: 121-126. 


170

Detlef Mader, 2010: Moon-Related Population Dynamics and Ecology of the Stag Beetle Lucanus cervus 

NOVE KNJIGE / NEW BOOKS 

Detlef Mader, 2010: Moon-Related Population Dynamics and Ecology of the 

Stag Beetle Lucanus cervus, other Beetles, Butterflies, Dragonflies and other 

Insects. Verlag Regionalkultur, Ubstadt-Weiher, ISBN 978-3-89735-645-0. 

In 2010 the second book dedicated to the biology and conservation of the Stag 

Beetle (Lucanus cervus) was published by Detlef Mader in collaboration with Verlag 

Regionalkultur from Ubstadt-Weiher in Germany. The large volume of 654 pages comprises 

three different aspects of Stag Beetle population biology and conservation. The 

major part of the book is written in English, with abstracts given also in German and 

French. The content is divided into three distinct and according to the scope quite different 

chapters or papers, two of which are in English and one in German. The author 

discusses long-term population dynamic, phenological patterns related to the moon 

cycles and conservation issues in the Stag Beetle population. The geographical range 

covered within the book is quite local focusing on original data and data obtained from 

local nature observers in south-western Germany. However, with extensive overview of 

literature the author tried to incorporate larger range into discussion and conclusion part 

to get broader view of phenomena studied and described in the book. The book is an 

example of observational study comprising large set of observation and literature data. 

The author attempted to make conclusions by comparisons and by empirical searching 

of studied phenomena patterns in different data sets rather than by statistical or mathematical 

data analysis. Therefore some conclusions might be speculative, what was indicated 

also by the author. The first paper deals with long-term population dynamic of the 

Stag Beetle in the region around Heidelberg and Mannheim in which author collected 

continuous annual data for the period up to 75 years. Based on nature observers’ estimates 

of annual abundance the author concluded that the Stag Beetle population in the 

region seems to be stable with no obvious signs of decrease. The second paper, the main 

and the most extensive paper in the book, is considering swarming or abrupt occurrence 

of the Stag Beetle related to the new moon and fool moon phases in the lunar cycle. In 

this part the author discussed abrupt occurrence patterns not just in the case of the Stag 

Beetle but taking into account also several other species of Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, 

Odonata, Ephemeroptera, Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, Collembola, Psocoptera, Diptera, 

and even non-insect species like Common Toad (Bufo bufo) and mushrooms. Many 

data presented in the book might indicate close relationship between abrupt or mass 

occurrence of considered species and lunar phases. The researchers would be easily able 

to extract raw data from the book and use them in further statistical analysis of swarming 

phenomena. The last paper is focused on conservation measures for the Stag Beetle. 

Here major threats are summarized (partly presented also in previous Mader’s book) 

and some conservation guidelines are given. The book might be useful as a good data 

source and literature overview on the Stag Beetle to all specialist researchers focused on 

the problems of Stag Beetle biology and questions considering insect phenology. The 

book order is available at the author’s e-mail address (dr.detlef.mader@web.de) or at 

publisher web-site: http://www.verlag-regionalkultur.net/. 

Al Vrezec 

171


Polak, S., 2009: Metulji Notranjske in Primorske: slikovni priroœnik za 

doloœanje dnevnih metuljev v naravi. Postojna: Notranjski muzej Postojna, 

Cerknica: Notranjski regijski park, 180 str. 

Knjiga o dnevnih metuljih Notranjske in Primorske ni prvenec v slovenskem prostoru, 

saj je pred nekaj leti (1992) prvi tovrstni priroœnik pri nas napisal æe Jurij 

Kurillo, ki se z metulji ukvarja bolj s fotografske plati. Vsekakor pa Polakova knjiga 

postavlja dobre temelje za podrobnejøo terminologijo na podroœju morfologije 

dnevnih metuljev in drugega izrazoslovja, vezanega na doloœanje vrst. Strnjen in z 

izrazoslovjem usklajen opis posameznih vrst daje osnovne informacije o vrsti, njenem 

bivaliøœu in hranilnih rastlinah. V knjigi je predstavljenih 142 vrst dnevnih 

metuljev, nekaj dodatnih pa je omenjenih pri opisih v knjigi predstavljenih vrst. To 

je kar precejønja veœina sicer bogate slovenske favne dnevnih metuljev, ki jih je v 

Sloveniji doslej zabeleæenih 183 vrst, a so nekatere pri nas æe izumrle. K nam 

obœasno zaidejo tudi vrste, ki øirijo svoj areal. Ena takih je omenjena tudi v tem slikovnem 

priroœniku in sicer pelargonijin bakrenœek. 

Priroœnik se zaœne z razmeroma bogatim uvodnim delom, kjer so predstavljene 

osnovne znaœilnosti metuljev. Veliko je novega slovenskega izrazoslovja s podroœja 

zunanje morfologije metuljev, ki je tudi z vidika poznavalcev dobro zastavljeno in 

ga gre pohvaliti. Uvod se nadaljuje z ekologijo 

dnevnikov: razvojnim krogom, æivljenjem 

metuljev, plenilstvom, mimikrijo, selitvami; 

zatem sledi nekaj informacij o sistematiki metuljev, 

s predstavitvijo druæin in obrazloæitvijo 

taksonomskih kategorij. Predstavljeno je tudi 

varstvo dnevnih metuljev, njihova ogroæenost in 

naœini preuœevanja dnevnih metuljev. Za tak 

priroœnik je sploønih informacij ravno dovolj za 

pridobitev prvega vtisa. Zahtevnejøim bralcem 

pa ti napotki olajøajo iskanje dodatnih informacij, 

ki jih æal ni veliko v slovenskem jeziku. 

V osrednjem delu knjige je vsaka vrsta predstavljena 

z nekaj fotografijami, ponekod je 

dodana tudi hranilna rastlina, ter kratkim, a jedrnatim 

tekstom, kjer je dovolj informacij o razlikovanju 

vrst, tudi nekaterih ozko sorodnih. 

Slikovno gradivo, ki ga v knjigi ni malo, je 

skrbno izbrano. Predstavlja oba spola, kjer je le 

mogoœe øe kakøno dodatno podrobnost. Glede 

na zahtevnost fotografiranja æivih osebkov gre 

vsem avtorjem fotografij pohvala, saj je nekatere 

redke vrste teæko najti, ne le fotografirati. Œar 

te knjige je predstavitev vseh vrst dnevnikov 

Notranjske in Primorske na enak naœin, s øtevil- 

172

S. Polak: Metulji Notranjske in Primorske: slikovni priroœnik za doloœanje dnevnih metuljev v naravi. 

nimi fotografijami. Najveœ jih je prispeval avtor, preostale pa øe Valentin Schein, 

Peter Valiœ, Rudi Verovnik, Tatjana Œelik in Andreja Økvarœ. 

Format priroœnika je ravno pravønji za vsak æep ali manjøo torbo in bo gotovo 

sluæil namenu. Obogatil bo vedenje o dnevnih metuljih v Sloveniji in je primeren za 

vse, ki jih dnevni metulji zanimajo z ljubiteljskega ali strokovnega staliøœa. 

Namenjen je predvsem terenskemu delu, zato sta obseg in oblika priroœnika temu 

primerno zastavljena. 

Slavko Polak se strokovno v prvi vrsti ukvarja s hroøœi, vendar ga zanimajo tudi 

druge skupine æuæelk in drugih organizmov, ki jih prav tako zelo dobro pozna. Z 

dnevnimi metulji se ukvarja æe od mladosti, in œeprav na tem podroœju doslej ni veliko 

objavljal, je pokazal øiroko znanje in strokovnost. Upamo, da bo kmalu dopolnil 

repertoar priroœnikov s kakønim novim delom, saj je ob dobrem strokovnem znanju 

tudi dober fotograf. 

Priroœnik sta zaloæila in izdala Notranjski muzej Postojna in Notranjski regijski 

park. Naroœiti ga je mogoœe pri Notranjskem muzeju Postojna, na naslovu: 

notranjski-muzej@studioproteus.si. 

Stanislav Gomboc 

173

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