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Farmacologie van de inhalatie-anesthetica

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Nitrous oxi<strong>de</strong>:<br />

biotransformatie en toxiciteit<br />

• UV-rays: NO formation: ozonlayer !<br />

• inhibition methionine synthetase: megaloblastic or aplastic anemia (phe)<br />

/ hyperhomocysteinemia ? (= pharmacogenetic question)<br />

• After 36 hour exposition: transient stop white cell formation<br />

• door oxidatie <strong>van</strong> cobalt in vit B12: Δ synthese tetrahydrofolate (DNA<br />

substraat): neurologic <strong>de</strong>ficits (prolonged heavy exposure = phe)<br />

(<strong>de</strong>ntists) reversable<br />

• phe: reduced fertility, more spontaneous abortion<br />

• Weak trigger of MH<br />

• No carcinogenicity or mutagenicity / teratogenicity not proven<br />

• May induce <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncy<br />

Volatiele <strong>anesthetica</strong> voor inductie<br />

• halothane: geschikt doch cave hemodynamische effecten<br />

• sevoflurane: geschikt, single-breath inductie, min<strong>de</strong>r<br />

hemodynamische effecten, cave excitatie<br />

• isoflurane: mogelijk doch onaangenaam en niet ongevaarlijk<br />

• enflurane: niet populair<br />

• <strong>de</strong>sflurane: gecontraindiceerd, luchtwegirritatie,<br />

larynxspasme

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