PERF RMANCE 04 - The Performance Portal - Ernst & Young
PERF RMANCE 04 - The Performance Portal - Ernst & Young PERF RMANCE 04 - The Performance Portal - Ernst & Young
Setting the scene (take I) My first project in Sri Lanka began in July 2005. The project goal was to enable untrained coaches from technical colleges to successfully counsel and coach students in career planning. After my proposal was accepted by the sponsoring organization, I contacted the local Sri Lankan partner and shared my project plan. We immediately established a good working relationship, agreeing to all steps in the plan, particularly the preparation phase. This was the first of what would be many times that I heard the phrase, “No worries, Miss”. In frequent phone calls and a lively email exchange, I followed the status of the arrangements and the preparation was working well. In addition to the training, I was to have the opportunity to introduce the program to other organizations at the Chamber of Commerce in Colombo, Sri Lanka. During my flight there, I reviewed the training plan, changed a few details, and landed in Colombo on a Sunday morning, immediately impressed with the welcoming spirit of this charming country. On Monday at 7:30 a.m., I took a threewheeler (one of those motorbikes with a shell) to the local partner’s office where the training was to start at 9:00 a.m. I arrived well in advance (8:10 a.m.) and had to wait at the entrance until 8:55 a.m. until someone came to let me know that I could enter the office. A nice lady brought me tea and exchanged pleasantries that I did not understand. At 9:30 a.m., my local partner arrived. “I need to prepare the training room,” I said. He shook his head vaguely and said, “No worries, Miss. The room will be cleaned within the next hour.” This was how it began. “ How people live affects their work life and their expectations about work performance.” At 11:00 a.m., the participants arrived and let me know that they would love to have tea and something to eat. The materials were printed by noon. By the time lunch was over, we were ready to start training – it was 2:30 p.m. I was confused but had the feeling I was the only one with a problem. So I said to myself, “Luise, don’t get German now!” I reminded my local partner that we had missed a whole training day and that this was a problem because I had planned to spend the last day of the week at the Chamber of Commerce to give my presentation. “No worries, Miss,” he said, “We will simply invite people to the Chamber in the evening, after the training.” I frowned, “But the presentation was supposed to be this week; it might be too late to change now.” He shook his head vaguely, “Well, yes, theoretically, but we have not invited them yet. We can still change that.” The sympathetic reader might think that this chain of events would lead to chaos – at least my German colleagues would think so — but no, things proceeded very well. The training participants were enthusiastic and diligent, and the invitees reacted more than flexibly. All went extremely well. A failure to communicate? Would it have helped the situation had I asked my local partner to explain what exactly “No worries, Miss” meant? Probably not. What would have really helped is information about local customs and constraints: • In Sri Lanka, it is hard to plan ahead because the infrastructure and the resources are not as reliable as in some other countries • Everybody in Sri Lanka knows about the problems of planning ahead, so people are very flexible and adjust quickly and calmly to changes • Participants could not afford to book a hotel in Colombo and had to travel three hours in the morning from the suburbs by bus, in the humid climate, which explains why they were late and hungry when they arrived When we work in another culture, we need not only to understand the constraints of communication, but also, and perhaps most importantly, the conditions in which people operate. How people live affects their work life and their expectations about work performance. My story of Sri Lanka highlights some of the challenges and adventures of working in another culture. But what if the differences in culture happen in your own team — every day? What are the constraints for an intercultural team and how can we solve them?
Making a world of difference Setting the scene (take 2) Intercultural teams often claim the work does not “flow” — even if they try to be tolerant and have a sense of sympathy for each other, conflicts pop up repeatedly. When intercultural teams have difficulty performing, the usual response is to provide cultural awareness training. In these classes, cultural backgrounds and traditions are discussed, general communication rules in the respective cultures are analyzed, and more effective interaction techniques are taught. What’s missing? First, the different cultural groups are trained separately from one another, and the scenarios used for practice are rather general. What is needed is for participants to focus together in one group on situations that are relevant to their collaboration, that have an impact on the team’s performance. Second, cultural awareness training tends to focus almost entirely on communication. While this is a helpful approach, it doesn’t go far enough. Participants get the impression that they simply have to invest more effort to communicate successfully and all differences will then be resolved. What’s needed? Intercultural teams need support in their collaboration. Most goal conflicts come from dissimilar expectations about how the work should be done and how performance should be managed. These expectations can differ for any factors influencing performance. The aim of performance improvement for intercultural teams should be to understand each other’s expectations towards performance management and to reach an agreement about how to collaborate. Once the expectations match and the mechanics of the collaboration are specified and agreed to, the interactions on the communicative level can be resolved. “ The aim of performance improvement for intercultural teams should be to understand each other’s expectations towards performance management and to reach an agreement about how to collaborate.” Setting the scene (take 3) Let’s imagine two companies, Otto Normalverbraucher GmbH (the German equivalent of John Doe Ltd.) and Saito Corp. (the Japanese equivalent of John Doe Ltd.), have merged, and new mixed work teams have been established. Six months later, it is a fact: the collaboration has failed. The German colleagues question their Japanese colleagues’ need for extensive consultations over tiny details. It makes the Germans doubt the qualifications of the Japanese team members. From the German perspective, the Japanese need much more leadership than they consider normal among colleagues, because the Japanese continually come back with new questions. The Japanese sense similar difficulties in the collaboration. They feel that they lack information about the overall project and consider the Germans to be individualistic, rude, and extremely unproductive due to their maverick work style. Even if the Japanese and the Germans communicated with the tongues of angels they still could not work together smoothly. At the root of the problem are their dissimilar expectations about collaboration — a world of differences. Sustainable collaboration When cultural awareness training focuses on communication barriers, the foundation for a high performing intercultural team is missing. Like most performance improvement solutions, this one calls for a phased approach where collaboration is constructed on a solid base. The program Collaboration.Excellence strives to create sustainable improvements in the collaboration of intercultural teams and thus acknowledges the requirement that intercultural teams need to pass through three phases geared specifically to their performance in the workplace: • Intercultural awareness • Shared performance system • Intercultural skills 25
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Setting the scene (take I)<br />
My first project in<br />
Sri Lanka began<br />
in July 2005. <strong>The</strong><br />
project goal was to<br />
enable untrained<br />
coaches from<br />
technical colleges to<br />
successfully counsel and coach students in<br />
career planning.<br />
After my proposal was accepted by the<br />
sponsoring organization, I contacted the<br />
local Sri Lankan partner and shared my<br />
project plan. We immediately established<br />
a good working relationship, agreeing<br />
to all steps in the plan, particularly the<br />
preparation phase. This was the first of<br />
what would be many times that I heard<br />
the phrase, “No worries, Miss”. In frequent<br />
phone calls and a lively email exchange, I<br />
followed the status of the arrangements<br />
and the preparation was working well.<br />
In addition to the training, I was to have<br />
the opportunity to introduce the program<br />
to other organizations at the Chamber<br />
of Commerce in Colombo, Sri Lanka.<br />
During my flight there, I reviewed the<br />
training plan, changed a few details, and<br />
landed in Colombo on a Sunday morning,<br />
immediately impressed with the welcoming<br />
spirit of this charming country.<br />
On Monday at 7:30 a.m., I took a threewheeler<br />
(one of those motorbikes with a<br />
shell) to the local partner’s office where the<br />
training was to start at 9:00 a.m. I arrived<br />
well in advance (8:10 a.m.) and had to<br />
wait at the entrance until 8:55 a.m. until<br />
someone came to let me know that I could<br />
enter the office. A nice lady brought me tea<br />
and exchanged pleasantries that I did not<br />
understand. At 9:30 a.m., my local partner<br />
arrived. “I need to prepare the training<br />
room,” I said. He shook his head vaguely<br />
and said, “No worries, Miss. <strong>The</strong> room will<br />
be cleaned within the next hour.” This was<br />
how it began.<br />
“ How people live affects their work<br />
life and their expectations about<br />
work performance.”<br />
At 11:00 a.m., the participants arrived and<br />
let me know that they would love to have<br />
tea and something to eat. <strong>The</strong> materials<br />
were printed by noon. By the time lunch<br />
was over, we were ready to start training –<br />
it was 2:30 p.m. I was confused but had the<br />
feeling I was the only one with a problem.<br />
So I said to myself, “Luise, don’t get<br />
German now!” I reminded my local partner<br />
that we had missed a whole training day<br />
and that this was a problem because I<br />
had planned to spend the last day of the<br />
week at the Chamber of Commerce to give<br />
my presentation. “No worries, Miss,” he<br />
said, “We will simply invite people to the<br />
Chamber in the evening, after the training.”<br />
I frowned, “But the presentation was<br />
supposed to be this week; it might be too<br />
late to change now.” He shook his head<br />
vaguely, “Well, yes, theoretically, but we<br />
have not invited them yet. We can still<br />
change that.”<br />
<strong>The</strong> sympathetic reader might think that<br />
this chain of events would lead to chaos – at<br />
least my German colleagues would think so<br />
— but no, things proceeded very well. <strong>The</strong><br />
training participants were enthusiastic and<br />
diligent, and the invitees reacted more than<br />
flexibly. All went extremely well.<br />
A failure to communicate?<br />
Would it have helped the situation had I<br />
asked my local partner to explain what<br />
exactly “No worries, Miss” meant?<br />
Probably not. What would have really<br />
helped is information about local customs<br />
and constraints:<br />
• In Sri Lanka, it is hard to plan ahead<br />
because the infrastructure and the<br />
resources are not as reliable as in some<br />
other countries<br />
• Everybody in Sri Lanka knows about the<br />
problems of planning ahead, so people<br />
are very flexible and adjust quickly and<br />
calmly to changes<br />
• Participants could not afford to book a<br />
hotel in Colombo and had to travel three<br />
hours in the morning from the suburbs<br />
by bus, in the humid climate, which<br />
explains why they were late and hungry<br />
when they arrived<br />
When we work in another culture, we need<br />
not only to understand the constraints of<br />
communication, but also, and perhaps<br />
most importantly, the conditions in which<br />
people operate. How people live affects<br />
their work life and their expectations about<br />
work performance.<br />
My story of Sri Lanka highlights some<br />
of the challenges and adventures of<br />
working in another culture. But what if the<br />
differences in culture happen in your own<br />
team — every day? What are the constraints<br />
for an intercultural team and how can we<br />
solve them?